KAEDAH PENGAWETAN

LATEKS DAN PEMPROSESAN

RSS

Field Latex Preservation

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MARDEC INDUSTRIAL LATEX SDN BHD KM 4 JALAN STESEN , 35000 TAPAH , PERAK

Field Latex Preservation

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• Introduction

Latex is a white or slightly yellowish opaque liquid

consists of rubber particles suspended in aqueous serum.

Rubber particle is surrounded by a protective layer of

proteins. The stability of latex is due to the negative

charge present on the protective layer.

Field Latex Preservation

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Field Latex Preservation

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Field Latex Preservation

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Why Need Preservation ? –

Preservation of latex at field is a must because of

spontaneous coagulation and putrefaction of latex occur

shortly after it leaves the trees.

Reason for Preservation:-

To maintain latex in liquid state

To avoid spontaneous coagulation of the field latex

To stabilize the field latex which reducing bacterial

activity that will increase the VFA thus reducing field

latex quality (<0.08)

Field Latex Preservation

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• How coagulation and putrefaction could happen ? –

Fresh latex is slightly alkaline or neutral. It become

acidic rapidly due to bacterial activity. The formation

of organic acids neutralizes the negative charge on

rubber particles causing interaction and the latex

gradually gets coagulated on keeping.

• Bacterial activity in latex industry is measured by

measuring the Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) number exists

in the latex. High VFA number (more than 0.08%) will

indicate low quality of latex.

Field Latex Preservation

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Field Latex Preservation

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• From where the bacteria come ?- Under normal

condition bacteria exist from the tree, tapping panel,

collection cup, collection bucket and also from

environment.

• Other matters that can cause coagulation and

putrefaction? – Using unhygienic utensil, unhygienic

bulking tank, serum from field coagulated left in the

cup and adultery by adding river water also can

caused putrefaction and high number of VFA.

Process Flow Latex Concentrate

PRESERVATIVE PREPARATION

FIELD LATEX COLLECTION

BULKING

PROCESSING

RECEPTION

DELIVERY

LC STORAGE DELIVERY

SKIM BLOCK / CREPE / SKRR

– BY PRODUCT

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Field Latex Preservation

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• There are two types of preservative used for field

latex by Mardec:

i. Ammonia Solution-Primary preservative.

ii. Tetra Methyl Thiuram Disulphide/ Zinc Oxide

(TMTD/ZnO) @ TZ– Secondary preservative.

• Both preservative must be used in correct quantity

and must be added as early as possible to halt or

dormant the bacteria activity.

Preservative Preparation

Chemical Preparation TMTD / Zinc Oxide (T/Z)

Dispersion (24%-25%)

Ammonia solution (12%-14%)

Sampling and Testing Chemicals strength

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Field Latex Collection

Field upkeep

Utensils’ cleanliness

(container/knife)

Preservative Distribution

LC (NH3 & T/Z)

NH3 0.2% - 0.3% w/w,

T/Z - 0.025 % w/w

Other grade (NH3 only)

Preservative Addition

As early as possible with correct

amount

Collect as per schedule

Field Officer monitor smallholders

compliance to quality standard.

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Field Latex Reception

• Weighing

• Sampling

– Volatile Fatty Acid

(<0.08%)

- Dry Rubber Content (for

payment)

- Total Solid Content

- Ammonia(NH3)

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Processing and Storage

LATEX CONCENTRATE - MATEX

With a 60% of dry rubber content

There Four (4) types of latex concentrate ;

High ammonia (HA)

Medium ammonia (MA)

Low ammonia (LA).

MATEX 133L (HA/LA67)

HA is preserved with 0.7% of ammonia.

MA is preserved with 0.5% of ammonia

LA is preserved with 0.25% of ammonia together with a secondary preservative which is zinc oxide and tetra methyl thiuram disulphide (TZ) at 0.01% w/w.

MATEX 133L (HA/LA 67) is a type of Hi/Low Ammonia with High Total Solid Content Latex Concentrate

RIBBED SMOKE SHEET (RSS)

PRODUCTION

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Mardec Saigon Rubber Co. Ltd Village 3, Tru Van Tho Commune, Bau Bang District, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam.

Reception

of field latex

Coal Dryer

35c-40c

Smoke house

60c-75c

Packing

33.33kgs

RSS Process SOP

Coagulation

Treating

Field latex

Creping Hanging sheets on trolley

Inspection

Baling Stocking

RSS PRODUCTION

Treating and Reception Ph value at 7.5-7.8

Boric Acids & SMBS addition

Reduced TSC at 18%-20%

Field latex being poured into the

trough with partition and left to be coagulated overnight

•Formic acids & SMBS •Ph value at 5.0 – 5.2 •Spray water to remove foam/bubble

RSS PRODUCTION

Partitions are being removed

Turned coagulum into cube form

The coagulum/ cubes are being transferred to the Bale Slicer

RSS PRODUCTION

The Bale Slicer (rotating knife) cuts the cube piece by piece to form a sheet

The sheets are then will go through a series of Sheeting Battery to form the rib The sheets are being flatten to have a same thickness (2.5mm)

RSS PRODUCTION

Put the sheets on a bamboo stick for hanging in the trolleys

RSS PRODUCTION

Hang on the trolley (500 kg/ trolley)

Dry the sheets before entering the Coal Dryer

RSS PRODUCTION

Dry the sheet through a series of dryer :-

Coal dryer (24 hours)

Smoked house (48 hours)

Use coal for the coal dryer while rubber tree roots for the smoked house dryer

RSS PRODUCTION

A view through the smoked house window

After smoked house

RSS PRODUCTION

Visual inspection :- Removed VM (if any)

Removed bubbles (if any)

Cutting the edge (if too thick)

Removed any contaminants

Arrange and weight for 33 1/3 kg @ (33.33 kg) per bale

RSS PRODUCTION

Press into bale form and packed

Store in pallet before delivery:-

Wooden pallet Shrink-wrapped Loose bales

RSS PRODUCTION

RSS PRODUCTION

The End

Thank You