k. v. petrides trait emotional intelligence k.v. petrides london psychometric laboratory department...
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K. V. Petrides
Trait emotional intelligence
K.V. PetridesK.V. Petrides
London Psychometric LaboratoryLondon Psychometric LaboratoryDepartment of Psychology, University College London, UKDepartment of Psychology, University College London, UK
E-mail: [email protected]: k.petrides@ucl.ac.ukwww.psychometriclab.comwww.psychometriclab.com
Google: trait EIGoogle: trait EI
October 2009, NTU Taipei
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K. V. Petrides
Aims
• To give an indication of the main divisions of the research programme
• To mention, as opposed to explain, core research findings– All papers are downloadable from
www.psychometriclab.com
• To bring to your attention the range of assessment materials available via LPL
October 2009, NTU Taipei
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K. V. Petrides
Background & milestones• Thornike’s ‘social intelligence’.• Gardner’s (1983) ‘multiple intelligences’.
– Intrapersonal intelligence– Interpersonal intelligence
• ‘Emotional intelligence’ as a term appears in Greenspan (1989), Leuner (1966), Payne (1986).
• Salovey & Mayer (1990)• Goleman (1995)• Petrides and colleagues (2000-)
– Trait EI versus Ability EI– Trait emotional intelligence research programme
October 2009, NTU Taipei
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K. V. Petrides
Operationalization of EI
• Two crucial issues are involved in the operationalization of EI (and of any other construct):– What is the sampling domain of construct?– How do we measure the various components of the
sampling domain?• Until recently – and even now – the first question was
resolved by having as many sampling domains and EI definitions as researchers in the field.
• Until recently – and even now – the second question was not even considered, with researchers assuming that the use of self-report or maximum-performance tests has no implications for operationalization.
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K. V. Petrides
Trait EI vs ability EI
• Ability EI (or ‘cognitive-emotional ability’) in theory encompasses emotion-related cognitive abilities and should be measured via maximum-performance tests (although this has not proved possible).
• Trait EI (or ‘trait emotional self-efficacy’) encompasses emotion-related dispositions and self-perceptions and should be measured via self-report questionnaires.
October 2009, NTU Taipei
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K. V. Petrides
Trait EI vs ability EI II
October 2009, NTU Taipei
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KV Petrides
Veridical scoring in IQ tests
Raven’s matricesNonverbal analogies
• The existence of single, invariant, and objectively derived correct response is a defining characteristic of intelligence testing.
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K. V. Petrides
Operationalization of ability EI• If ability EI is a new cognitive ability, then items
or tasks with emotional content need to be developed such that they can be scored according to truly veridical criteria.
• In other words, the construct in its entirety ought to be assessed through items that can be responded to correctly or incorrectly.
• Is it possible to develop EI items along cognitive ability lines? – NO: emotional experience is inherently subjective
(Brody, 2004; Locke, 2005; Pérez, Petrides, & Furnham, 2005; Watson, 2000).
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K. V. Petrides
Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT)
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K. V. Petrides
MSCEIT II• Brody, N. (2004). What cognitive intelligence is and what emotional intelligence
is not. Psychological Inquiry, 15, 234-238.• Conte, J. M. (2005). A review and critique of emotional intelligence measures.
Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26, 433-440.• Keele, S. M. & Bell, R. C. (2008). The factorial validity of emotional
intelligence: An unresolved issue. Personality and individual differences, 44, 487-500.
• Ortony, A., Revelle, W., & Zinbarg, R. (2007). Why emotional intelligence needs a fluid component. In G. Matthews, M. Zeidner, & R. D. Roberts (Eds.), The science of emotional intelligence. Knowns and unknowns - Series in Affective Science (pp.288-304). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• O’Sullivan, M., & Ekman, P. (2005). Facial expression recognition and emotional intelligence. In G. Geher, (Ed.). Measuring emotional intelligence: Common ground and controversy. Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishing.
• Rossen, E., Kranzler, J. H., & Algina, J. (2008). Confirmatory factor analysis of the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test V2.0 (MSCEIT). Personality and Individual Differences, 44, 1258-1269.
• Wilhelm, O. (2005). Measures of emotional intelligence: practice and standards. In R. Schulze, & R. D. Roberts (Eds.), International handbook of emotional intelligence (pp. 131-154). Seattle, WA: Hogrefe & Huber.
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K. V. Petrides
Trait emotional intelligence
October 2009, NTU Taipei
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K. V. Petrides
Trait EI• Trait emotional intelligence is a constellation of
emotion-related self-perceptions located at the lower levels of personality hierarchies (Petrides, Pita, & Kokkinaki, 2007).
• The trait EI sampling domain aims to provide comprehensive coverage of the emotion-related aspects of personality.
• Trait EI rejects the notion that emotions can be artificially objectified in order to be made amenable to veridical scoring, along IQ lines.
• An alternative label for the construct is “trait emotional self-efficacy”.
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K. V. Petrides
The sampling domain of trait EI
• Petrides & Furnham (2001; EJP):
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K. V. Petrides
October 2009, NTU Taipei
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K. V. Petrides
Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue , TEIQue-SF, TEIQue-ASF, TEIQue-CF,TEIQue 360o)
• 153 items, 15 subscales, 4 factors, global trait EI score.
• TEIQue translations– Greek
– French
– Spanish
– Chinese
– Portuguese
– Dutch
– Norwegian
– Croatian
– Serbian
– Italian
• TEIQue-SF– 30 items, global trait EI score
• Adolescent TEIQue-ASF
• TEIQue 360o
• Theory-based
• Research-based
• Peer-reviewed
• Open-access
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K. V. Petrides
Trait EI factor structure
October 2009, NTU Taipei
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K. V. Petrides
Trait EI: Experimental studiesPetrides & Furnham, 2003; EJP
Tension & Depression Anger & Vigour Confusion & Total POMS
N = 30; Residualized Trait EI scores October 2009, NTU Taipei
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July 2009, Athens GREECE
K. V. Petrides
November, 2007, UCLan, UK
Trait EI and academic performance I
Petrides, Frederickson, & Furnham, 2004; N = 650; PAID
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KV Petrides
Trait EI and academic performance II
+1 SD +1 SD
Petrides, Frederickson, & Furnham, 2004; N = 650; PAID
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KV Petrides
Trait EI and academic performance III
Petrides, Frederickson, & Furnham, 2004; N = 650; PAID
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K. V. PetridesKV Petrides
Trait EI and behaviour at school• Pupils with high trait EI scores tend to have fewer unauthorised
absences (truancy).
• Pupils with high trait EI scores are less likely have been expelled from their school for serious breaches of discipline (exclusions).
<.05 <.05
Petrides, Frederickson, & Furnham, 2004; PAID
October 2009, NTU Taipei
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K. V. PetridesKV Petrides
Self- and other-ratings of trait EI
Pet
rid
es e
t al
., P
sico
them
a, 2
006
; N
= 3
5 ba
llet
stu
den
ts
Petrides, Sangareau, Furnham, & Frederickson, 2006; 10.8 years; Soc Dev
Mavroveli, Petrides, Rieffe, & Bakker, 2007; BJDP
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K. V. Petrides
Trait EI in children I
Mavroveli, Petrides, Shove, & Whitehead, 2008; ECAPOctober 2009, NTU Taipei
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K. V. Petrides
Trait EI in children II
Mavroveli, Petrides, Shove, & Whitehead, 2008; ECAP October 2009, NTU Taipei
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K. V. Petrides
Trait EI in children III
Mavroveli, Petrides, Sangareau, & Furnham, 2009; BJEP October 2009, NTU Taipei
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K. V. Petrides
Trait EI and teen self-harm
Mikolajczak, Petrides, & Hurry, 2009; BJHP
October 2009, NTU Taipei
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K. V. Petrides
Trait EI and communicative anxiety
Dewaele, Petrides, & Furnham, 2008; Language Learning
L1; N = 425 L2; N = 406
October 2009, NTU Taipei
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K. V. Petrides
Trait EI in Asperger’s Syndrome
October 2009, NTU Taipei
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July 2009, Athens GREECE
K. V. Petrides
Behavioral genetics of trait EI Vernon, Petrides, Bratko, & Shermer, J. A. (2008); Emotion
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K. V. Petrides
Trait EI and big five – Genetic analysis
Vernon, Villani, Aitken Schermer, & Petrides, 2008; TRHG
N E O A C
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K. V. Petrides
Trait EI and humor styles – Genetic analysisV
ern
on e
t al
., 20
09;
JID
October 2009, NTU Taipei
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K. V. Petrides
Gender differences in trait EI
TEIQue data; N = 351; p = ns
• Overall, small or non-existent gender differences in global trait EI scores.
Modified EQ-i data; N = 166; p < .01
TEIQue-SF data; N = 668; p < .01 Schutte et al. scale data; N = 260; p = ns
Pet
rid
es, F
urn
ham
, & M
arti
n (
2004
); N
= 2
24;
JSP
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K. V. Petrides
Incremental validity of trait EIN = 200
N = 212; Spain
Pet
ride
s, P
érez
, & F
urnh
am, 2
007;
C &
E
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Trait SI - Definition
• The domain of SI lacks the objectivity required to be amenable to maximum-performance measurement.
• Trait SI (or trait social self-efficacy) is a constellation of social self-perceptions located at the lower levels of hierarchical personality structures.
K. V. Petrides
October 2009, NTU Taipei
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K. V. Petrides
The sampling domain of trait SI• Sampling domain:
Negotiating Perspective taking
Communicative anxiety
Networking Savoir vivre
Social forecasting
Social relationships
Social confidence
Social attentiveness
Managing others
Understanding others
Social desirability
Teamwork/cooperation
Social adaptability
Social interest/social empathy
October 2009, NTU Taipei
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K. V. Petrides
Trait Social Intelligence Questionnaire (v. 1.5)
(TSIQue & TSIQue-SF)
All versions and forms available free for research purposes
• Internal consistencies are high at all levels.
• Factor structure– 15 facets– 3 factors (Social acting, Social
thinking, Social relating)– Global trait SI
October 2009, NTU Taipei
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K. V. Petrides
The trait intelligences research program
International linksUK, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, India, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Spain.
Current & past funding bodiesESRC
Nuffield Foundation
British Academy
University of London
wwwwww.psychometriclab.com
Research divisionsPsychometric
Educational
Industrial/Organizational
Child/Human Development
Behavioral Genetic
StudentsPhD: E. Cole
BA, BSc, MA, MSc, MPhil
October 2009, NTU Taipei