just digitise it! - daniel wilksch
TRANSCRIPT
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29 October 2014
Just Digitise ItCommunity Heritage Grants Program digitisation workshop
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Session outline
1.35 Arrival and welcome1.40 - 2.40 pm Planning a digitisation project
• Setting standards• Resources needed• Care of your originals• Care of your copies
2.40 - 3.00 pm Digitisation facility tour/ afternoon tea (first half)3.00 - 3.20 pm Digitisation facility tour/ afternoon tea (second half)3.30 - 4.00 pm Negotiating rights before you digitise
Nicki Mackay-Sim, Curator of Pictures, NLA4.00 – 4.30 pm Providing access
• Getting images online• Metadata and sharing images
4.30 - 5.00 pm Q & A
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Notes for the session
http://prov.vic.gov.au/community-programs/training/just-digitise-it
6 project stages described•Planning
•Preparing
•Creating
•Describing
•Editing
•Publishing
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Setting standards
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Matching standards to the project
Setting standards
Two main impetus…es for digitisation
• Preservation
– OHIO (only handle it once)
– colour management, ‘master’ copies
• Access
– search/ discoverability
– crowdsourcing
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Factors
Setting standards
• How much material to copy?
• What condition? (preservation needs assesment)
• How much time/ money do you have?
• Has somebody already digitised it? (books…)
• What is its significance? (significance statement, etc.)
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How do we see?
Setting standards
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_vision
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What is a digital image?
Setting standards
4d4d 002a 0000 ea68 ffff ff00 0000 00000000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
.... Black pixels (0's) left out ....
0000 0000 00ff ffff 000e 0100 0003 0000 0001 0064 0000 0101 0003 0000 0001 00c8 0000 0102 0003 0000 0003 0000 eb16 01030003 0000 0001 0001 0000 0106 0003 0000 0001 0002 0000 0111 0004 0000 0001 0000 0008 0112 0003 0000 0001 0001 0000 01150003 0000 0001 0003 0000 0116 0003 0000 0001 00c8 0000 0117 0004 0000 0001 0000 ea60 0118 0003 0000 0003 0000 eb1c 01190003 0000 0003 0000 eb22 011c 0003 0000 0001 0001 0000 0153 0003 0000 0003 0000 eb28 0000 0000 0008 0008 0008 0000 0000 0000 00ff 00ff 00ff 0001 0001 0001
from http://local.wasp.uwa.edu.au/~pbourke/dataformats/tiff/
ffffff = 255,255,255
( r g b )
in hexadecimal notation
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Resolution
Setting standards
1 inch 1 inch
1 inch 1 inch
@300dpi
= 90,000 pixels
@72dpi
= 5,184 pixels
‘Screen’ resolution Standard ‘Print’ resolution
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Compression
Setting standards
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG
83,261 bytes 1,523 bytes
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The short version
Setting standards
National Library of Australia
http://www.nla.gov.au/standards/image-capture
Public Record Office Victoriahttp://prov.vic.gov.au/government/standards-and-policy/capture
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Resources needed
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Physical resources
Resources needed
• Space
– managed, secure (fire, flood, pests, ancient wiring, not about
to be reclaimed by Council for boutique carparks, etc.)
– flat (shelving, tables)
• Supplies
– rehousing materials for copied originals
– acid free paper, plastic film, gloves, pencils, spirit level, measuring tape/ rulers, gaffer tape, extension cables, USB sticks, random things that aren’t too grubby
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Physical resources
Resources needed
• Toys!
– Scanning equipment
– Colour calibration equipment
– Workstations
– Storage
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Human resources
Resources needed
• Project manager
• Project committee (for when the manager heads off to Noosa)
• Tame experts
• Volunteers
– what do you need from them?
– what do they get out of it?
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Documentation
Resources needed
• Digitisation policy/ strategy/ plan
• Project statement/ plan
• Risk management framework
• Specific policies/ procedures
• Written agreements with donors and digitisers
• Passwords. Write them down.
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Permission
Resources needed
• From your group
• From your stakeholders
• From your donors/ owners of the material
• From your funders
(ok, you need money as well – not this talk)
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Care of your originals
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Collection management
Care of your originals
• Are the items catalogued? (Does the catalogue make sense?)
• Are they securely stored?
• Do you know who owns what?
… things go missing.
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Preservation management
Care of your originals
• put it in a box (controls light, humidity, physical safety)
• wrapped in plastic (anything except PVC)
• write on the enclosure, not the object
• only take it out when you have to
… things get old.
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Relationship management
Care of your originals
• have some handling rules (gloves, induction)
• digitisation providers should be able to describe their security and preservation measures
• don’t break the original to digitise it
… things get dropped.
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Further further reading
Care of your originals
National Standards for Museums and Galleries• http://www.collectionsaustralia.net/sector_info_item/107
Keeping Archives
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Care of your copies
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Hardware failure
Care of your copies
• backups, offsite preferably
• understand the limits of the storage technology
• checksums – or just look at your images every so often
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Hardware obsolescence
Care of your copies
• migration, vary your storage options
• active management of collection
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Software obsolescence
Care of your copies
• open formats(image formats have been stable for decades)
• open applications (separate the data from the program)
• plan for and budget migrations
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Poor management and documentation
Care of your copies
• Bill is your IT guy. He has just fallen under a bus.
• Try not to implement systems you don’t understand.
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Hardware failure
Digital Preservation
• backups, offsite preferably
• understand the limits of the storage technology
• checksums – or just look at your images every so often
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Summary
Metadata
• All of your data needs to be easily extractable from the software it’s in.
• Create a simple file structure and make sure people stick to it.
• Manage your backups properly (no lending to people, manage your risks, NO shortcuts).
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Getting images online
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Originals and renditions
Getting images online
• xyz
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Originals and renditions
Getting images online
Constraints on delivering raw images
• Connection speed and bandwidth
• Screen size and resolution
• Control over rights to the image
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Options for publishing
Getting images online
• Don’t…
• Use existing commercial tools and services (Flickr, Facebook, eHive)
• Use existing community services (Victorian Collections)
• Your own site (Wordpress, Omeka)
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What and why to put online
Getting images online
• Marketing your organisation (‘going viral’)
• Online archive (TROVE)
• Storytelling
• Online communities
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Metadata and sharing images
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Definition
Metadata
• Data about data (and data systems)
• Look at the data surrounding an imagein Flickr: http://www.flickr.com/
• Explore the Powerhouse Museum:
• http://www.powerhousemuseum.com/
• Metadata reading:
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata
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Metadata
• Think about how your existing data can be:
• Categorised into different functions (descriptive, discovery, preservation, etc.)
• Standardised (eg. Dublin Core) enabling matches with other collections and websites.
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Metadata
• Important things to record:
– Identity (title, ‘control symbol’)
– Classification (subject, function)
– History (dates, purposes)
– [Description]
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Identity
Metadata
• Some items may not have titles. What is the thing that distinguishes one item from the next in a collection?
• Remember physical cues not same as digital. Perhaps the filename of your image is the title?
• ‘Control Symbol’: Catalogue / collection / record-keeping number.
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Classification
Metadata
• Information to manage items and help narrow down searches.
• Library: ‘subject’ – what is it about?
• Archive: ‘function’ – what does it do?
• Internet: ‘tagging’ – where did I put it again?
• Subject/ topic list for images: http://www.picturethesaurus.gov.au/
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History
Metadata
• Archive/ Museum: ‘provenance’ – where is it from? (which collection, which donor)
• Management history: what has happened to it? ie., what date was it scanned?
• Scanning is another layer to existing management history that might be recorded in your collection database.
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Description
Metadata
• Extended stories about item (mum on a bike)
• Description of physical original – dimensions, special features
• Description of digital copy – dpi, file format
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Description
Metadata
• Extended stories about item (mum on a bike)
• Description of physical original – dimensions, special features
• Description of digital copy – dpi, file format
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Description
Metadata
• Extended stories about item (mum on a bike)
• Description of physical original – dimensions, special features
• Description of digital copy – dpi, file format
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Description
Metadata
• Extended stories about item (mum on a bike)
• Description of physical original – dimensions, special features
• Description of digital copy – dpi, file format
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Q & A