Leadership, Legacy, and Community: A Leadership, Legacy, and Community: A Retreat to Advance Maternal and Child Retreat to Advance Maternal and Child

Health Scholarship and PracticeHealth Scholarship and PracticeUniversity of Illinois at Chicago ForumUniversity of Illinois at Chicago Forum

The Sociology of the MCH The Sociology of the MCH Industry: Utilizing Legacy Industry: Utilizing Legacy and Leadership to Build a and Leadership to Build a Community of PracticeCommunity of Practice

July 16, 2008

Mario Drummonds, MS, LCSW, MBA

CEO, Northern Manhattan Perinatal Partnership, Inc.

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1.1. Review Strategic MCH Legacy Moments that Review Strategic MCH Legacy Moments that Propelled the Industry to Its Current Position. Propelled the Industry to Its Current Position.

2.2. Provide a Working Definition of MCH Leadership Provide a Working Definition of MCH Leadership that Raises Key Theoretical and Practice Questions that Raises Key Theoretical and Practice Questions The Industry Must Address. The Industry Must Address.

3.3. Define Community and What It Means to be A part Define Community and What It Means to be A part of a Community of Practice.of a Community of Practice.

Presentation Objectives

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Legacy…Retreat to Advance…Legacy…Retreat to Advance…Return to HistoryReturn to History

A A Strategic Inflection PointStrategic Inflection Point is is when the Balance of Forces Shift when the Balance of Forces Shift in an Industry from the Old in an Industry from the Old Structure, from the Old Way of Structure, from the Old Way of doing Business and the Old Way doing Business and the Old Way of Competing, to the New.of Competing, to the New.

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If You Change the Rules You Change If You Change the Rules You Change the Game! the Game!

Signal the Beginning of the End for Signal the Beginning of the End for Certain Industries & Businesses Certain Industries & Businesses

Opportunity for New Period of GrowthOpportunity for New Period of Growth

MCH Legacy Moments

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The History, Legacy, & Role of The History, Legacy, & Role of African & African-American African & African-American Granny Midwifes who became the Granny Midwifes who became the Only Newborn Delivery & Only Newborn Delivery & Healthcare System in the African Healthcare System in the African American Communities of the South American Communities of the South from the Early 1820’s to the 1950’sfrom the Early 1820’s to the 1950’s

MCH Legacy Moments

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• Merging Birthing Skills from Africa with the Merging Birthing Skills from Africa with the Obstetric Skills Learned from Nurses & Doctors Obstetric Skills Learned from Nurses & Doctors

• First Wave in the Fight Against Black Infant First Wave in the Fight Against Black Infant MortalityMortality

• Cared for Poor Black and White Mothers Where Cared for Poor Black and White Mothers Where ThereThere was No System of Healthcare Throughout was No System of Healthcare Throughout the Souththe South

MCH Legacy Moments

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• Legacy of White Supremacy, Slavery, & Legacy of White Supremacy, Slavery, & Discrimination…Birthed A New System of Discrimination…Birthed A New System of Healthcare for African American Women Healthcare for African American Women and their Familiesand their Families

• Besides Catching Babies, She was a Besides Catching Babies, She was a Healer, A Spiritualist, Public Health Healer, A Spiritualist, Public Health Activist & Community OrganizerActivist & Community Organizer

MCH Legacy Moments

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Creation of the Children’s Bureau Creation of the Children’s Bureau in 1912in 1912

• President William Howard Taft Signed into President William Howard Taft Signed into Law a Bill Creating this new Federal Law a Bill Creating this new Federal Government Organization in 1912.Government Organization in 1912.

• Lillian Wald, of New York’s Henry Street Lillian Wald, of New York’s Henry Street Settlement House Influenced Congress Settlement House Influenced Congress through Grassroots Organizing to Pass this through Grassroots Organizing to Pass this Law starting in 1903.Law starting in 1903.

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• For the First Time the Federal For the First Time the Federal Government organized an Agency that Government organized an Agency that was Responsible for Investigating Infant was Responsible for Investigating Infant Mortality, the Birth Rate, Establishing Mortality, the Birth Rate, Establishing thethe National Birth Registry, National Birth Registry, Orphanages, Juvenile Courts, Child Orphanages, Juvenile Courts, Child Labor Laws and all Legislation Labor Laws and all Legislation Affecting Children and their Mothers!Affecting Children and their Mothers!

MCH Legacy Moments

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Blue Baby Operations at John Blue Baby Operations at John Hopkins UniversityHopkins University

• Dr. Alfred Blalock and Vivien Thomas, an Dr. Alfred Blalock and Vivien Thomas, an African-American Laboratory Technician in African-American Laboratory Technician in 1944 performed the first Blue Baby Operation 1944 performed the first Blue Baby Operation on a 15-Month-Old Girl. Cyanosis is a on a 15-Month-Old Girl. Cyanosis is a condition of bluish skin caused by lack of condition of bluish skin caused by lack of oxygen in the blood. They theorized that oxygen in the blood. They theorized that Cyanosis wasCyanosis was due to the tightening of the due to the tightening of the pulmonary artery.pulmonary artery.

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• They Perfected an Operation in which a They Perfected an Operation in which a Branch of the Aorta is Joined to the Branch of the Aorta is Joined to the Pulmonary Artery Ensuring a Flow of Pulmonary Artery Ensuring a Flow of Blood to the Lungs. The Procedure was Blood to the Lungs. The Procedure was Widely Adopted and Saved Thousands of Widely Adopted and Saved Thousands of Babies Lives In the United States and Babies Lives In the United States and Across the World!Across the World!

Blue Baby Operations at John Blue Baby Operations at John Hopkins UniversityHopkins University

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• During the 1960’s American Witnessed During the 1960’s American Witnessed a Growth of Neonatal Intensive Care a Growth of Neonatal Intensive Care Units Across the U.S. Units Across the U.S.

MCH Legacy Moments

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• Research Has Shown that HIV-Research Has Shown that HIV-Positive Women who Receive Positive Women who Receive Anti-Retroviral Therapy During Anti-Retroviral Therapy During Childbirth areChildbirth are Less Likely to Less Likely to Transmit the HIV Infection to Transmit the HIV Infection to Their ChildrenTheir Children

MCH Legacy Moments

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• During the 1980’s & 1990’s States Began During the 1980’s & 1990’s States Began to Adopt Regionalization of Perinatal to Adopt Regionalization of Perinatal Care Plans for Maternity HospitalsCare Plans for Maternity Hospitals

• 2003’s MCH Life Course Theory 2003’s MCH Life Course Theory Developed by Dr. Lu!Developed by Dr. Lu!

MCH Legacy Moments

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• Leadership Leadership is the Self-Defined Capacity is the Self-Defined Capacity to Communicate Vision and Values to Communicate Vision and Values While Providing Programs, Structures While Providing Programs, Structures and Core Services that Satisfy Human and Core Services that Satisfy Human Needs and Aspirations While Needs and Aspirations While Transforming People, YourTransforming People, Your Organization Organization and Society in the Process!and Society in the Process!

Leading Change

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• Leaders Are Dealers in Hope! Leaders Are Dealers in Hope! • Leaders Help Organize a People’s or Leaders Help Organize a People’s or

Department’s Hopes & Dreams! Department’s Hopes & Dreams!

• Leaders Take the Assets They are Given Today Leaders Take the Assets They are Given Today (People,(People, Structure and Programs) and Make Structure and Programs) and Make Them More Valuable Tomorrow.Them More Valuable Tomorrow.

Leading Change

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• Leaders Stretch Their Organizations Leaders Stretch Their Organizations Beyond Their Current Capabilities Beyond Their Current Capabilities and Structure by Challengingand Structure by Challenging Everyone to Do What They Think is Everyone to Do What They Think is Impossible to do.Impossible to do.

Leading Change

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• Leaders Have a Unique Interaction Leaders Have a Unique Interaction with Dangerousness as They Battle with Dangerousness as They Battle Against the Status Quo in Their Against the Status Quo in Their Industry By Raising the Right Industry By Raising the Right Theoretical Questions, Proposing Theoretical Questions, Proposing New Programmatic Solutions to Old New Programmatic Solutions to Old Problems While Riding the Wave Problems While Riding the Wave Towards Change.Towards Change.

Leading Change

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To Advance Maternal & Child Health Scholarship & To Advance Maternal & Child Health Scholarship &

Practice-You in This Audience Must Re-Invent MCHPractice-You in This Audience Must Re-Invent MCH

• Racism & Stress on Birth Outcome Racism & Stress on Birth Outcome StudiesStudies

• Social & Environmental Influences on Social & Environmental Influences on MCH MCH

a. Built Environment Studiesa. Built Environment Studies

b. Demographic Changes in MCH b. Demographic Changes in MCH

PopulationPopulation

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• Moving From Studying Health Moving From Studying Health Disparities to Coming Up with Disparities to Coming Up with Solutions to Achieve Health EquitySolutions to Achieve Health Equity ! !

Leading Change

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• Perfecting & Operationalizing Life Course Perfecting & Operationalizing Life Course Theory Theory

a. Perfecting Theory-Setting Researcha. Perfecting Theory-Setting Research Agenda Agenda b. Determine and Outline Policy b. Determine and Outline Policy

Implications Implications c. Deciding On the Education & c. Deciding On the Education & Training NeedsTraining Needs

Leading Change

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d. What is to be Done? d. What is to be Done?

Organizational ImplicationsOrganizational Implications

PracticePractice

Leading Change

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• To Reinvent MCH A Ship To Reinvent MCH A Ship Must be Built By Leaders & Must be Built By Leaders & Followers to Make the VoyageFollowers to Make the Voyage

Leading Change

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Building a Community of PracticeBuilding a Community of Practice

• Where Community Exists it Confers Upon its Where Community Exists it Confers Upon its Members Identity, Values, a Sense of Members Identity, Values, a Sense of Belonging, a Measure of SecurityBelonging, a Measure of Security

• A Department’s Values are the Link Between A Department’s Values are the Link Between Emotion and Behavior. They are the Link Emotion and Behavior. They are the Link between What Staff Think and What They Dobetween What Staff Think and What They Do

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Communities are the Generators and Communities are the Generators and Preservers of Value Systems:Preservers of Value Systems:

Vision, Respect, Commitment, Vision, Respect, Commitment, Teamwork, Results!Teamwork, Results!

1. To perform up to the highest measure of 1. To perform up to the highest measure of competence, always.competence, always.

2.2. To take initiatives, ask questions, absorb risks. To take initiatives, ask questions, absorb risks.

3.3. To adapt to change. To adapt to change.

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4.4. To prevent disease, prolong life and promote To prevent disease, prolong life and promote health.health.

5.5. To publish research findings so others can To publish research findings so others can learn! learn!

6.6. To make decisions. To make decisions.

7. To work cooperatively as a team.7. To work cooperatively as a team.

Building a Community of PracticeBuilding a Community of Practice

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8.8. To be open, especially with information, To be open, especially with information, knowledge, and news of forthcoming or actual knowledge, and news of forthcoming or actual problems. problems.

9.9. To trust, and be trustworthy.To trust, and be trustworthy.

10.10. To respect others (customers, vendors and To respect others (customers, vendors and colleagues) and oneself.colleagues) and oneself.

Building a Community of PracticeBuilding a Community of Practice

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11.11. Show a willingness to fail and be wrong.Show a willingness to fail and be wrong.

12.12. To answer for our actions, to accept To answer for our actions, to accept responsibility. responsibility.

13.13. To judge and be judged, reward and be To judge and be judged, reward and be rewarded, on the basis of our performance!rewarded, on the basis of our performance!

Building a Community of PracticeBuilding a Community of Practice

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• Members of a Community of Members of a Community of Practice Deal with Each Other Practice Deal with Each Other Humanely, Respect IndividualHumanely, Respect Individual Differences and Value the Differences and Value the Integrity of Each Person.Integrity of Each Person.

Building a Community of PracticeBuilding a Community of Practice

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• A Community of Practice Should A Community of Practice Should Have a Sense of Where it Should Have a Sense of Where it Should Go (Vision-Strategy-Core Go (Vision-Strategy-Core Competencies) and What it Might Competencies) and What it Might Become (Organizational Change).Become (Organizational Change).

Building a Community of PracticeBuilding a Community of Practice

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• A Community of Practice at a University, a A Community of Practice at a University, a Health Department or a local MCH Health Department or a local MCH Organization all Have Foreign Policies or Organization all Have Foreign Policies or Protocols to Interact with Representatives Protocols to Interact with Representatives of Government, the Private Sector and the of Government, the Private Sector and the Local Communities They Have to Interact Local Communities They Have to Interact With Daily.With Daily.

Building a Community of PracticeBuilding a Community of Practice

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• A Community of Practice Abandons A Community of Practice Abandons Policies, Theories and Practices that Fails Policies, Theories and Practices that Fails to Achieve Measurable Outcomes for to Achieve Measurable Outcomes for Mothers and Babies and Strives to Set the Mothers and Babies and Strives to Set the Agenda to Seek New Answers to Old Agenda to Seek New Answers to Old Problems Despite Opposition from Higher Problems Despite Opposition from Higher Powers.Powers.

Building a Community of PracticeBuilding a Community of Practice

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• Finally a Community has the Power to Finally a Community has the Power to Motivate Their Members to Exceptional Motivate Their Members to Exceptional Performance. The Community Can Tap Performance. The Community Can Tap Levels of Emotion and Motivation that Levels of Emotion and Motivation that Often Remains Dormant. It Sets Often Remains Dormant. It Sets Standards of Expectation for the Standards of Expectation for the Professional and Nurtures a Climate Professional and Nurtures a Climate Where Great Things Happen.Where Great Things Happen.

Building a Community of PracticeBuilding a Community of Practice

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CODACODA

• The MCH Industry’s The MCH Industry’s LegacyLegacy Achievements Outlined in This Speech Achievements Outlined in This Speech Can Serve as a “Burning Platform” to Can Serve as a “Burning Platform” to Push the Industry to Greater Push the Industry to Greater Achievements in Research & Practice.Achievements in Research & Practice.

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• The MCH The MCH Leader’sLeader’s Job is to Transform Job is to Transform and Empower Followers by Being the and Empower Followers by Being the Change They Wish to See in the World, Change They Wish to See in the World, Acting with Deep Integrity, Consistency, Acting with Deep Integrity, Consistency, and Transparency.and Transparency.

Building a Community of PracticeBuilding a Community of Practice

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• Building a Community of PracticeBuilding a Community of Practice Is Hard Is Hard Work. However, If it is Executed Correctly, Work. However, If it is Executed Correctly, the University,the University, Health Department or Local Health Department or Local MCH Organization Will Honor Their MCH Organization Will Honor Their Leadership Mandate Which is to Unlock Leadership Mandate Which is to Unlock the Vast Potential in Your Organizations the Vast Potential in Your Organizations and Built Lasting Capabilities.and Built Lasting Capabilities.

Building a Community of PracticeBuilding a Community of Practice

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For more information contact:For more information contact:

Mario Drummonds, MS, LCSW, MBAMario Drummonds, MS, LCSW, MBAExecutive Director/CEOExecutive Director/CEO

Northern Manhattan Perinatal PartnershipNorthern Manhattan Perinatal Partnership127 W. 127127 W. 127thth Street Street

New York, NY 10027New York, NY 10027(347)489-4769(347)489-4769

mdrummonds@msn.commdrummonds@msn.com