judd d. bowman hubble fellow, caltech alan e. e. rogers haystack observatory with support from:...
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Judd D. BowmanHubble Fellow, Caltech
Alan E. E. RogersHaystack Observatory
With support from:CSIRO/MRO and Curtin University
Thanks to:The organizers and Murray Lewis and the NSF
31 March 2010 RFI2010 Groningen
VHF-band RFI VHF-band RFI in Geographically Remote Areasin Geographically Remote Areas
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Outline
• Experiment to Detect the Global EoR Signature (EDGES)• RFI at Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory (MRO)• Quick surveys in the US
Rural New EnglandCatlow Valley, Oregon
• A few words on meteor scattering
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Experiment to Detect the Global Epoch of Reionization Signature
(EDGES)
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Exotic Telescopes Prepare to Probe Era of First Stars and GalaxiesScience, Vol. 325. no. 5948, pp. 1617 – 1619, 25 September 2009
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The approach for LOFAR, MWA, PAPER, SKA…
“Science with the MWA”Greenhill, Bowman, et al. (2010, in prep)
Figure by Matt McQuinn
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The approach for EDGES
Pritchard & Loeb 2008
100 10 z [redshift]
50
0
-50
-100
Tb [
mK
]
21 cm global brightness temperature
5001005010
[MHz]
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EDGES
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EDGES
Bowman & Rogers (in prep)
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Deep VHF-band integrations at the MRO
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Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory
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Radio Frequency Interference (RFI)
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Integrated spectrum at MRO by EDGES
Murchison Radio-Astronomy Observatory (MRO)
Aug 20 – Oct 20, 2009
1440 wall-clock hours on sky~50 hours actual integration
+15 dB
+40 dB
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Orbcomm LEO satellite constellation (136-138 MHz)
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Total power in band vs. time
Sum antenna temperature 90-205 MHzOrbcomm band ~138 MHz
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Anomalous propagation – DTV 7 and 9
EDGES Memo#058, AEER, 2010
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Integrated RFI(time excision only – by broadband power level in
FM, Orbcomm, DTV bands: 30% removal)
Note: shows every channel that ever had RFI over 3 monthsConservatively excise any channel that had RFI: 11% removal
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Example excision rates
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Shallow surveys in remote areas of the US
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US TV and FM radio “pollution”
D1 Array – Haystack Obs.D1 Array – Haystack Obs.
West Forks, Maine
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Rural New England, US
D1 Array – Haystack Obs. West Forks, Maine
EDGES Memo#044, AEER, 2009
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US TV and FM radio “pollution”
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Catlow Valley, Oregon, US60 dB
10 dB 80 MHz 200
EDGES Memo#052, AEER, JDB, 2009
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Meteor scattering
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Time-variable FM RFI
FM band
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Meteor scatter rates vs. elevation angle
EDGES Memo#054, AEER, 2009
horizon
zenith
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Summary
• 3 month deployment in MRO– Deepest broadband spectrum ever acquired:
5 mK rms (-220 dBW/m2/Hz)
– First redshifted 21 cm EoR science
– Simple time and spectral flagging sufficient to remove RFI
– FM band a good indicator of anomalous transmission events
– Total power in band varies strongly with Orbcomm and aircraft
• Quiet sites in US – not as good as MRO– Meteor scatter a significant source of RFI, dependent on
elevation angle of sky coverage
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Aircraft at MRO
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FM at MRO
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RFI observed in Oregon, US
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Summary
• 3 month deployment in MRO– Deepest broadband spectrum ever acquired:
5 mK rms (-220 dBW/m2/Hz)
– First redshifted 21 cm EoR science
– Simple time and spectral flagging sufficient to remove RFI
– FM band a good indicator of anomalous transmission events
– Total power in band varies strongly with Orbcomm and aircraft
• Quiet sites in US – not as good as MRO– Meteor scatter a significant source of RFI, dependent on
elevation angle of sky coverage