jtasr.com case study rao-2-sandhya-girish-final.pdf · jtasr.com case study ... of hub with pro-e...

Jtasr.com Case Study

Journal of Technological Advances & Scientific Research/ eISSN- 2454-1788, pISSN- 2395-5600/ Vol. 1/ Issue 04/ Oct-Dec. 2015 Page 353

OPTIMAL DESIGN AND STRENGTH ANALYSIS OF A WHEEL HUB BY USING DIFFERENT MATERIALS Daavuluru Rangababu1, K. Depti2, B. Ramana3

1M. Tech Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vikas College of Engineering and Technology, Nunna. 2Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vikas College of Engineering and Technology, Nunna. 3Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vikas College of Engineering and Technology, Nunna.

ABSTRACT: The purpose of a wheel hub is to attach a wheel to a motor shaft. Hubs are also used to attach lifting arms, release doors

and pulleys to motor shafts. Wheels are typical attached to hubs via the wheel’s face or its centre. Fasteners are usually the most

suitable method for attaching the wheel to the hub, because they provide good strength and can be easily removed for storage or

servicing. In this paper a hub of a wheel has been designed by company provided formulae. This work illustrate design and modelling

of hub with Pro-E Creo version 2.0 package that is enrolled for varied automotive applications. The static analysis of wheel hub is

done over different materials. Analysis is carried out on finite element analysis package to get the outstanding appropriate material

for wheel hub. From the analysed results stress, von Mises stress, strain and total deformation values were compared for all the three

materials and the best one was taken out and the best material with good model will suggest to the company.

HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Daavuluru Rangababu, K. Depti, B. Ramana. “Optimal Design and Strength Analysis of a Wheel Hub

by using different Materials.” Journal of Technological Advances and Scientific Research; Volume 1, Issue 04, October-December

2015; Page: 353-359, DOI: 10.14260/jtasr/2015/49.

INTRODUCTION:

Introduction of Hub: A hub is the central part of a wheel that

connects the axle to the wheel itself. Many expressions use the

term for a literal or figurative central structure connecting to

a periphery.

A wheel hub assembly, also referred to

as hub assembly, wheel hub unit, wheel hub bearing, etc., is an

automotive part used in most cars, passenger vehicles and

light and heavy trucks. A hub assembly contains the wheel

bearing and the hub to mount the wheel to vehicle. It is located

between the brake rotors and axle. It is located between

the brake drums or discs and the drive axle. On the axle side, it

is mounted to the holding bracket from the chassis; on the disc

side, the wheel is mounted to the bolts of the WHA. When

replacing, a wheel hub assembly should be torqued to the

vehicle’s specifications to prevent failure.

In automotive suspension a steering knuckle is that part,

which contains the wheel hub or spindle and attaches to the

suspension components. It is variously called a steering

knuckle, spindle, upright or hub as well.

The wheel and tire assembly attach to the hub or spindle

of the knuckle where the tire/wheel rotates while being held

in a stable plane of motion by the knuckle/suspension

assembly.

Financial or Other, Competing Interest: None.

Submission 07-12-2015, Peer Review 08-12-2015 Acceptance 15-12-2015, Published 17-12-2015. Corresponding Author: Daavuluru Rangababu,

S/o. D. V. Rao, D. No. 9-40, Penamaluru,

Vijayawada-521139.

E-mail: [email protected] DOI:10.14260/jtasr/2015/49..

Fig. 1: Exploded view of hub/wheel assembly

Fig. 2: Position of hub

MAINLY WE HAVE 2 TYPES:

Front Wheel Hub: The front wheel hub is the piece with most

stress. The basic design of this is lightest compared with the

rear wheel hub and when the car is in the middle of the curve

the front hub has big forces applied. This kind of forces are

KEYWORDS: Creo, Fasteners, Static Analysis, Wheel Hub.

https://www.google.co.in/search?biw=1455&bih=686&q=define+illustrate&sa=X&ved=0CCAQ_SowAGoVChMI8P-TzJOQyQIVisWOCh1prwck

https://www.google.co.in/search?biw=1455&bih=686&q=define+outstanding&sa=X&ved=0CCoQ_SowAGoVChMI5LnvrZSQyQIVQQSOCh27rAI4

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel#Hub

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hub

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brake

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive_axle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chassis

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suspension_(vehicle)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spindle_(automobile)



bigger when the car takes the curve in a high speed. Also, the

front part of the car need endure the forces generates in the

braking. These kinds of forces are biggest when the car arrives

to the entrance of the curve in a high speed and the car used

the brakes. With this short introduction we arrive to one

conclusion. The front piece needs to endure three variable

forces.

Normal force is generated every time by the weight of the

car (Kd), force generated by the friction of the wheels in the

curves (Ka) and finally a force generated by the friction of the

wheels when the car braking (Kt).

Rear Wheel Hub: The rear wheel hub is not the piece with

most stress, but it needs to endure different forces. The design

of this is biggest compared with the front wheel hub and when

the car is in the middle of the curve the rear hub has big forces

applied. These kind of forces are bigger when the car take the

curve in a high speed. Also, the rear part of the car needs to

endure the forces generated in the acceleration. These kinds of

forces are greatest when the car starts from the end of the

curve to the next curve in a slow speed. With this short

introduction, this thesis arrives to one conclusion. The front

piece needs to endure three variable forces. Normal force

generated at every time by the weight of the car (Kd), force

generated by the friction of the wheels in the curves (Ka), and

finally a force generated by the friction of the wheels when the

car is accelerating (Kt). It is very important to know which Kt

and Ka do not work at the same time.

Fig. 3: Basic type of hub

Things to Consider When Designing Hubs:

1. Attaching the hub to the motor.

2. Attaching the wheel or other power transmission

device to the hub.

3. Transmitting the power through the hub.

Production techniques for car wheel hub bearings

Bull car wheel hub bearings are produced by full sets of

production lines. We have imported the most advanced CNC

machines from Japan to guarantee the quality of our car wheel

hub bearings, besides we have set up a complete quality

management system, our car wheel hub bearings needed to be

checked after every step of production, so we can ensure the

quality of each car wheel hub unit meets your requirements.

Fig. 4: Manufacturing procedure

APPLICATIONS:

Wheel Hubs efficiently transfers and disconnects drive

train power to part time 4 Wheel Drive applications.

They are used in most cars, passenger vehicles and light

and heavy trucks.

MODELLING AND ANALYSIS OF HUB:

Fig. 5: Conventional model of hub

Fig. 6: Meshed model of conventional

Fig. 7: Upgraded conventional model


Journal of Technological Advances & Scientific Research/ eISSN- 2454-1788, pISSN- 2395-5600/ Vol. 1/ Issue 04/ Oct-Dec. 2015 55

Fig. 8: Meshed model of upgraded conventional

Fig. 9: Fiat model

Fig. 10: Meshed Fiat model

Fig. 11: Upgraded Fiat model

Fig. 12: Meshed Upgraded Fiat model

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Conventional Model:

a. GCR15:

Fig. 13: Total deformation

Fig. 14: Stress intensity

b. STEEL:





C. LOW ALLOY MARTENSITIC CHROME STEEL:



Upgraded Conventional:

a. GCR15:



b. STEEL:



c. LOW ALLOY MARTENSITIC CHROME STEEL:





FIAT MODEL:

a. GCR15:



b. STEEL:






UPGRADED FIAT MODEL:

a. GCR15:





b. STEEL:






COMPARISON OF RESULTS:

Sl.

NO. MATERIAL

TOTAL

DEFORMATION

STRESS

INTENSITY

1 GCR15 .042004 1356

2 Steel .042408 1356

3

Low alloy

martensitic

chrome steel

.044104 1356

a) Conventional model

Sl.

NO. MATERIAL

TOTAL

DEFORMATION

STRESS

INTENSITY

1 GCR15 .041389 1357

2 Steel .041787 1357

3

Low alloy

martensitic

chrome steel

.043409 1357

b) Conventional upgraded model

Sl.

NO. MATERIAL

TOTAL

DEFORMATION

STRESS

INTENSITY

1 GCR15 .041341 1355

2 Steel .041739 1355

3

Low alloy

martensitic

chrome steel

.043409 1355

c) Fiat model

Sl.

NO. MATERIAL

TOTAL

DEFORMATION

STRESS

INTENSITY

1 GCR15 .041111 1351

2 Steel .041506 1351

3

Low alloy

martensitic

chrome steel

.043166 1351

d) Upgraded Fiat model



CONCLUSION: The design and analysis of the wheel hub is

done using creo-2.0 and FEA package.

The thesis contains the design of conventional wheel hub

with the latest Fiat model. And also the design of upgraded

(Optimized) models of conventional with the Fiat models. On

these designed models, the analysis is performed with

different materials.

After comparing the results, we conclude that:

For model:

1. The total deformation values of the upgraded model are

better compared to the conventional model.

2. And also the deformation values of the upgraded Fiat

model are better than the Fiat model.

For Materials: If we compare the values of the materials with

respect to the models GCR15 (alloy steel) has the better values

compared to the other two materials for all models of the

wheel hubs. And finally we conclude that the upgraded models

of both Fiat and conventional models with the GCR15 (alloy

steel) material may be replaced with the actual model.

Future Scope:

1. The optimization of models can be done by using the

different alloys or composite materials.

2. The thickness of the hub may also be decreased with

good alloys and composite materials.

REFERENCES:

1. DESIGN CRITERIA AND DURABILITY APPROVAL OF

WHEEL HUB.

2. SAE International, USA 11-16-1998 technical paper

authors: Gerhard Fischer, Vatroslov V.

3. FRACTURE ANALYSIS OF WHEEL HUB FABRICATED

FROM PRESSURE DIE ALUMINIUM ASSEMBLY

Theoretical and applied fracture mechanics, vol. 9 Feb.

1988 authors: S Dhar Design text book RS Kurmi.

4. http://www.bullbrakes.com/passenger/Car-Wheel-

Hub-Bearings.html

5. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF WHEEL HUB TO PROVIDE IN-

HUB ELECTRIC MOTOR FOR HMMWV VEHICLE by

SANDEEP SINGH THAKUR, B. Tech.

6. Continuous Improvements on the Wheel Hub of a

Formula Student Race Car Prof. Dr. Ing. Horst

Rönnebeck.

7. http://www.fkgbearing.com/tech.htm

8. http://forums.bajasae.net/forum/best-wheel-hub-

material_topic1303.html

9. http://dir.indiamart.com/impcat/alloy-wheel-hub.html

10. http://www.slideshare.net/ravrak/design-of-half-

shaft-and-wheel-hub-assembly-for-racing-car-

13156721.

http://www.bullbrakes.com/passenger/Car-Wheel-Hub-Bearings.html

http://www.bullbrakes.com/passenger/Car-Wheel-Hub-Bearings.html

http://www.fkgbearing.com/tech.htm

http://forums.bajasae.net/forum/best-wheel-hub-material_topic1303.html

http://forums.bajasae.net/forum/best-wheel-hub-material_topic1303.html

jtasr.com case study rao-2-sandhya-girish-final.pdf · jtasr.com case study ... of hub with pro-e...

Documents