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DESCRIPTION
A transformational approach to joint warfighting hinging on the leveraging of warfighting culture as a means of stimulating desired emergent behaviors, enhancing joint combat effectiveness.TRANSCRIPT
Joint Operational Warfighting
JointOperating Concept
Agenda Introduction
The Environment
The Threat
The Paradigm
The Concept The Culture
The Cornerstones
Emergent Qualities
Summary and Conclusion
The Environment
Introduction
The Environment
Evolving conditions, challenges, and threats
The nature of war and warfighters has not chang-ed, but the conditions of war are always changing
Increasing appreciation of complexity of conflict
Increasing diversity of conditions & challenges: Growing trans-nationalism and extra-nationalism:
tribal/ethnic/sectarian conflicts, terrorism, et cetera.
Proliferation of advanced technologies and WMD
Increasing urbanization, globalization, networking
The Environment
Illuminated battlefield
Evolving challenges of sensor combat
Increased lethality of weapons: accuracy, speed, range, and engagement intensity
Paradox of “empty but crowded” battlespace
The Threat
Introduction
The Threat“…Uncertain enemy and unpredictable attacks…”
New Warrior Class: different rules…different values
Potential CBRNE weapons employment
Emergent “niche” technologies
Conventional threat remains:Professional militaries Force-on-force, attrition-based
Unconventional (4th Gen.) warfare threat increases:GuerillaAsymmetrical (avoidance of force-on-force)Population and time
The Paradigm
Introduction
The conditions of war and of the battlespace, and the forms of the adversaries, have changed...
Like creatures in nature, we must adapt to the new environment if we are to continue to dominate...
EvolvingThreat
EstablishedThreat
Current ParadigmProposed Paradigm
The Paradigm
A concept for how the
future joint, interagency,
and coalition force will
fight in the next decade.
Joint Operational Warfighting
Shaped by an appreciation of military theory, complexity science, and human and organizational productivity theory
Framed by a new warfighting culture
Employs new systemic approaches to the supporting concepts of the Unified Battlespace, Adaptive Command, and Distributed Operations
Designed to stimulate the emergent qualities of increased synergy, adaptability, and opportunism
Joint Operational Warfighting
Joint Operational Warfighting
ADAPTABILITYSYNERGY
OPPORTUNISM
Warfighting Warfighting CultureCulture
Distributed Operations
Unified Battlespace
Adaptive Command
Warfighting Culture
The Concept
Joint Operational Warfighting
ADAPTABILITYSYNERGY
OPPORTUNISM
Distributed Operations
Unified Battlespace
Adaptive Command
Warfighting Warfighting CultureCulture
Shared values and beliefs
that shape appreciation
of the battlespace and
facilitate adaptive command
and distributed operations.
Warfighting Culture
The term used to describe a proposed philosophy and paradigm of joint warfighting
Constantly evolving throughout history; is influenced by history, politics, economy, civil culture, et cetera.
Provides the animating force behind doctrine, organization, training, and all other aspects of warfighting
Warfighting Culture
MechanisticReductionistLinearContiguousMassedPatternedEffects-awareMethodicalMilitary-CentricConfrontationSynchronizedIndustrialHierarchicalCentralizedAnalytical
ComplexSystemicNon-linearNon-contiguousDistributedUnpredictableEffects-focusedOpportunisticAll elements of power DislocationSynergizedInformationNon-hierarchicalDecentralizedIntuitive
Traditional Proposed
Warfighting CultureA Shift in Bias Along a Sliding Scale:
MechanisticReductionistLinearContiguousMassedPatternedEffects-awareMethodicalMilitary-CentricConfrontationSynchronizedIndustrialHierarchicalCentralizedAnalytical
ComplexSystemicNon-linearNon-contiguousDistributedUnpredictableEffects-focusedOpportunisticAll elements of power DislocationSynergizedInformationNon-hierarchicalDecentralizedIntuitive
Traditional Proposed
Warfighting CultureA Shift in Bias Along a Sliding Scale:
The Cornerstonesof JOW
The Concept
Joint Operational Warfighting
ADAPTABILITYSYNERGY
OPPORTUNISM
Warfighting Warfighting CultureCulture
Distributed OperationsUnified
Battlespace
Adaptive Command
Unified Battlespace
“I shall proceed from the simple to the complex. But in war more than in any other subject we must begin by looking at the nature of the whole; for here more than elsewhere the part and the whole must always be thought of together.”
– Carl von Clausewitz
Unified Battlespace
A concept for understanding
the operating environment,
in its totality
Full breadth and depth of the battlespace
Comprehensive Connectivity
Interdependence
A system of nodes and networks
Characteristics:
Unified Battlespace
Unified Battlespace
The environment, factors, and conditions that must be understood to successfully apply power, protect the force, and complete the mission. This includes the air, land, sea, space, information, and cognitive domains, and the adversary, friendly, and other forces and entities residing or operating therein.
A single, integrated and complex whole comprised of adversary, friendly, and other “systems of systems” that interact dynamically, and usually violently.
A system of adversary, friendly, and other networks comprised of infrastructures, nodes, links, and elements.
The strategic battlespace is global (and beyond), but there will always be defined areas of concentrated focus and engagement.
Unified Battlespace
Includes full breadth, depth, and height of the Air, Land, Sea, Space, Information, and cognitive domains
The levels of war are merging.
Technology is “compressing space and expanding time”.
Key nodes will lead directly to operational results.
The roles of the Joint Forces Commander and staff
Evolution from Deep Operations Theory, AirLand Battle, Forward from the Sea, Operational Maneuver from the Sea, Maneuver Warfare Doctrine, & Global Engagement
Full breadth, depth, and height of the battlespace
Unified Battlespace
Comprehensive connectivity is the foundation: Electronic connectivity Shared awareness Culture/paradigm Doctrine Training/education Leadership Organization Adversary Et cetera
Connection
Integration
Interdependence
increased
synergy
Comprehensive Connectivity and Interdependence
Unified Battlespace
Tactical
InfluenceDeterCompel
CoerceDefeat
InfluenceDeterCompel
CoerceDefeat
D I M E
P
E
M
S
II
InfluenceDeterCompel
CoerceDefeat
Strategic
Operational
A systemof nodesandnetworks
Joint Operational Warfighting
ADAPTABILITYSYNERGY
OPPORTUNISM
Warfighting Warfighting CultureCulture
Distributed Operations
Unified Battlespace
Adaptive Command
“War is the realm of uncertainty;
Three quarters of the factors on
which action in war is based are
wrapped in a fog of greater
or lesser uncertainty.”
– Carl von Clausewitz
Adaptive Command
A concept for commanding
forces within the complex and
uncertain environment of the
Battlespace, in order to lead
Distributed Operations.
Adaptive Command
Adaptive Command
Commanders Intent provides guidanceEffects-focusedFeedback with appropriate MOEs key to controlConnectivityOpportunisticReduced latency in Sense/Plan/Decide/Act cycleProliferation of Decision MakersEmergent self-synchronizationCollaborativeFlexible
Characteristics:
Feedback from a variety of sensors and sources, including distributed units, will indicate when changes in guidance or degree of directive centralized control is required.
Unprecedented connectivity and sensor input will enable both more directive and more self-synchronized operations.
Authority to decide, plan, and act should reside at command level with the best situational awareness; at times it may be centralized at a higher HQ, and at other times decentralized to the tactical unit.
Adaptive Command
The necessary wisdom and discipline will need to be forged well before deployment, through leadership doctrine, training, education, and personnel selection and promotion policies that promote:
Understanding the realities of the modern battlefield
The immutable principles of war and productivity
The inculcation of the optimal warfighting culture
Recognition of the central role that character plays in leadership, and that information sufficiency plays in decision-making
Adaptive Command
Commanders at every level will use the art and science of war to develop concepts of operations, and will then promulgate guidance focusing on commander’s intent and desired effects.
Control will be effected through, and measured by, the achievement of desired effects, specified in commander’s intent, not the performance of directed actions per se’.
Desired effects will be achieved by units acting independently and creatively but synergistically, in self-synchronizing actions based upon shared situational awareness, designed to satisfy commander’s intent.
Adaptive Command
Joint Operational Warfighting
ADAPTABILITYSYNERGY
OPPORTUNISM
Warfighting Warfighting CultureCulture
Distributed Operations
Unified Battlespace
Adaptive Command
“Now an army may be likened to
water, for just as flowing water
avoids the heights and hastens
to the lowlands, so an army avoids
strength and strikes weakness.”
– Sun Tzu
Distributed Operations
A concept for the employment
of full joint capabilities
throughout the battlespace,
aided by Adaptive Command,
and an appreciation of the
Unified Battlespace.
Distributed Operations
Distributed Operations
InformationFire
Maneuver
Component Elements
OperationsOperations
Tailorable
Scalable
Distributed
Dispersed
Operational Nodes
Agile
Dislocation
Unpredictable
Interdependence
Full Battlespace Presence
Autonomy
Simultaneity
Multidimensional
Multidirectional
Task Organized
Combined Arms
Increased Surface Area
Speed
Characteristics:
Distributed Operations
A Distributed System…
Distributed Operations
Emergent Qualities
The Concept
Emergent Qualities
Synergy
Opportunism
Adaptability
Enhanced …
Synergy
“One whose upper and lower ranks have the same desires will be victorious.”
– Sun Tzu
Emergent Qualities
Adaptability
“Improvise, Adapt, Overcome.”
– Military Adage
Emergent Qualities
Opportunism
“The victorious army first realizes the conditions for victory, and then seeks to
engage in battle.”
– Sun Tzu
Emergent Qualities
Enhanced Synergy yields reduced friction and greater productivity/combat effectiveness Enhanced Adaptability yields greater responsiveness to challenges and opportunities
Enhanced Opportunism yields more proactive action and self-synchronization in the battlespace
Together, they facilitate a Unified Battlespace, Adaptive Command, and Distributed Operations
These yield greater Effectiveness, Efficiency, and Economy of operations
Emergent Qualities
Joint Operational Warfighting
ADAPTABILITYSYNERGY
OPPORTUNISM
Warfighting Warfighting CultureCulture
Distributed Operations
Unified Battlespace
Adaptive Command
Summary and Conclusion
JOW is a theory … an articulation of first principles
JOW is an integrated conceptual system that must be employed coherently as such
Summary and Conclusion
Joint Operational Warfighting will yield:
Enhanced/optimized employment of warfighters
Enhanced desired emergent behaviors (synergy, adaptability, and opportunism)
Enhanced unified perspective of the battlespace
More adaptive leadership and command
Enhanced capability for distributed operations
Summary and Conclusion
Joint Operational Warfighting will yield:
An enhanced/optimized warfighting culture
Significant changes/enhancemnts to DOTMLPF
A vehicle for transformation of the armed forces
A potential Revolution in Military Affairs
Enhanced effectiveness, efficiency, and economy of operations broadly
Joint Operational WarfightingJoint Operational Warfighting