journal critique - enriquez, trixia

8/9/2019 Journal Critique - Enriquez, Trixia

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HOLY ANGEL UNIVERSITY

College of Engineering and Architecture

Deart!ent of Indu"trial Engineering

SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

Co!le# Adati$e S%"te!" Theor% and &ir! 'roduct

Inno$ati$ene""

A Journal Critique

Submitted by:

Enriquez, Trixia Mae

IE!"#

Submitted to:

$ro%& Melani Cabrera

January #!, '"#!


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CITATION

Provide a full citation of the article author(s), title of article, and name of journal volume and

pages.

A()un, A&, *e+(in &, - .ryne, J& /'"#01& Com2lex Ada2ti3e Sy+tem+ T4eory and 5irm $rodu6t

Inno3ati3ene++& Journal o% En)ineerin) and Te64nolo)y Mana)ement& $a)e+ '#0'&

TO'IC

Briefly describe the topic of the journal article. Identify the major/minor objectives of the article

as well. Identify and define the important concepts focused on by the author. re the definitions

clear, in your opinion!

T4e to2i6 o% t4e 7ournal arti6le i+ about 6ondition+ o% Com2lex Ada2ti3e Sy+tem+ +u64 a+

6ontext and emer)en6e in%luen6in) t4e %irm 2rodu6t inno3ati3ene++& .a+ed on t4e arti6le,

Com2lex Ada2ti3e Sy+tem+ /CAS1 T4eory, t4e a)ent+ in t4e +y+tem are all t4e 6om2onent+ o%

t4at +y+tem and t4e+e a)ent+ intera6t and 6onne6t 8it4 ea64 ot4er in un2redi6table and un2lanned

8ay+& .ut %rom t4e+e intera6tion+, re)ularitie+ emer)e and +tart to %orm a 2attern 84i64 %eed+

ba6( on t4e +y+tem and in%orm+ t4e intera6tion+ o% t4e a)ent+& A 2eriod o% 64an)e o66ur+ in all

t4e 2art+ o% t4e +y+tem until a ne8 balan6e i+ e+tabli+4ed&

T4e ma7or ob7e6ti3e o% t4e arti6le 8a+ to +4o8 t4e rele3an6e o% Com2lex Ada2ti3e

Sy+tem+ t4eory in t4e Ne8 $rodu6t 9e3elo2ment /N$91 84i64 4a3e rarely been addre++ed %or

t4e 2rodu6t inno3ati3ene++ o% t4e %irm& n t4e ot4er 4and, t4e minor ob7e6ti3e 8a+ to examine


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t4e role o% Com2lex Ada2ti3e Sy+tem+& A()un et al& /'"#01 al+o in3e+ti)ated t4e in%luen6e o%

emer)en6e and 6ontext o% CAS in inno3ation o% 2rodu6t+& T4ey al+o de%ined emer)en6e a+ a

2ro6e++ in3ol3in) 6oordinated a6tion+ and interde2enden6y&

Some o% t4e im2ortant 6on6e2t+ %o6u+ed by t4e aut4or are emer)en6e and CAS 6ontext+&

T4e aut4or+ o% t4e arti6le ex2lained emer)en6e a+ a 2ro6e++ 84ereby 6o4erent +tru6ture+ and

2ro2ertie+ ari+e on t4e )lobal le3el out o% t4e lo6al intera6tion+ o% t4e a)ent+& It in3ol3e+

6oordinated a6tion+ 84i64 re2re+ent t4e 6olle6ti3e 6reati3ity, re%lexi3ity, and +yn64rony o% 2eo2le

or de2artment+ durin) 2rodu6t de3elo2ment 2ro6e++e+ and a6ti3itie+, and interde2enden6y, 84i64

re%er+ to t4e extent to 84i64 2eo2le intera6t 6olle6ti3ely to a66om2li+4 +4ared )oal+ or ta+(+&

CAS 6ontext+ in%luen6e emer)en6e& T4ere are di%%erent 6ontext+ o% CAS +u64 a+ Net8or(+ o%

Intera6tion, Con%li6tin) Con+traint+, 9ynami6 5eedba6(, 9ynami6 Rule+o%A6tion, $attern+ o%

Ten+ion and C4an)in) En3ironmental 9emand&

In my o2inion, t4e de%inition+ are 6lear and t4e aut4or+ o% t4e arti6le +4o8ed t4e

rele3an6e o% di%%erent 6on6e2t+ in t4e main to2i6 o% t4e arti6le& T4e introdu6tion in t4e arti6le al+o

made t4e 2ur2o+e o% t4e arti6le 6lear&

THEORY(RESEARCH )ETHODS

Is the author being guided by a particular theoretical perspective! If so, what is it and how does

he use this theory to understand the problem! "oes the author collect data! If so, what method


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does he use (survey, field of observation). #se of e$isting sources e$periment, and is it cross%

sectional (different dimensions or components) or longitudinal (related to time) in design! &ow

clearly does the author indicate above!

T4e aut4or i+ bein) )uided by t4e t4eory t4at Com2lex Ada2ti3e Sy+tem+ /CAS1 4a+ to

do 8it4 %irm 2rodu6t inno3ati3ene++ t4at in6lude+ emer)en6e and CAS 6ontext 84i64 al+o

in%luen6e+ 2rodu6t inno3ati3ene++& A66ordin) to t4e aut4or+ o% t4e arti6le, t4i+ t4eory 2ro3ide+ a

%rame8or( %or ex2lainin) t4e emer)en6e o% +y+temle3el order ari+in) %rom t4e intera6tion+ o%

t4e +y+tem;+ interde2endent a)ent+ li(e 2eo2le, de2artment, idea+, in%ormation and re+our6e+&

T4u+, t4i+ t4eory %o6u+e+ on t4e inter2lay bet8een a +y+tem and it+ en3ironment& T4e aut4or+ u+e

t4i+ t4eory to in3e+ti)ate 4o8 emer)en6e in%luen6e+ 2rodu6t inno3ati3ene++ and examined t4e

role o% di%%erent CAS 6ontext+ in '

5ir+t, t4ey )enerated !"" eli)ible %irm+ 64ara6terized by %requent 2rodu6t=+er3i6e

inno3ation and ex2loitation o% ne8 te64nolo)ie+ in 2rodu6tion=+er3i6e but only


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aut4or 6olle6ted data t4rou)4 +ur3ey or que+tionnaire %rom di%%erent eli)ible %irm+ u+in)

+trati%ied random +am2lin)& T4ey ada2ted t4e que+tion+ %rom @an) and A4med to a++e++ %irm

2rodu6t inno3ati3ene++& And to e3aluate en3ironmental turbulen6e, t4ey ada2ted que+tion+ %rom

Ja8or+(i and *o4li& T4e aut4or+ 6learly indi6ated t4e detail+ o% t4eir re+ear64 met4od+ and t4eir

in+trumentation to 6om2lete t4eir +tudy&

)AIN IDEAS

'ummarie the articles content. In doing so, what is the authors main argument! *hat are the

supporting arguments! re the ideas clearly presented!

ne o% t4e %a6tor+ in t4e +u66e++ o% any %irm or 6om2any i+ inno3ation& And a+ ne8 and

more im2ortantly +u66e++%ul inno3ation+ 6ome to mar(et, older inno3ation+ are re2la6ed& T4e

6om2anie+ t4at brin) t4e inno3ation in indu+try and mar(et are )ainin) a tem2orary dominan6e

in t4e mar(et 2la6e and t4u+ erode t4e 2re3iou+ dominan6e o% ot4er 2rodu6t+ or +er3i6e+& 5irm+

mu+t 6ontinuou+ly introdu6e ne8 in3ention+ to t4e )lobal mar(et2la6e in order to realize +u66e++

o% t4e 6om2any& A+ +u64, )reat em24a+i+ 2la6ed on inno3ation in t4e 6or2orate en3ironment&

nder+tandin) t4e +y+tem o% inno3ation and it+ 2rin6i2le+ are im2erati3e to t4e +u66e++ and

lon)e3ity o% t4e inno3atin) entity a+ t4i+ arti6le di+6u++ed %urt4er about CAS and it+ t4eorie+&

T4i+ arti6le addre++ed t4e i++ue+ by ada2tin) and u+in) 4e CAS model& T4i+ model im2li6itly

2ro2o+e+ t4e mediator role o% emer)en6e %a6tor+ bet8een CAS 6ontext and ne8 out6ome+ +u64

a+ inno3ation& T4e aut4or+ le3era)e t4e 3ie8+ in an or)anizational le3el and a22ly t4e model in

t4e 2rodu6t inno3ation 6ontext& T4e aut4or+ de3elo2ed 4y2ot4e+i+ about emer)en6e and CAS


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6ontext& Te+tin) t4e+e 4y2ot4e+e+, t4ey u+e a multiitem +6ale+ ado2ted or de3elo2ed %rom 2rior

+tudie+ %or t4e mea+urement o% t4e 3ariable+ and 6omin) u2 8it4 t4e %indin)+ and 6on6lu+ion

about t4e rele3an6e o% CAS in 2rodu6t inno3ation mana)ement&

T4e main ar)ument in t4e arti6le i+ t4at +y+tem o% inno3ation i+ a Com2lex Ada2ti3e

Sy+tem and a+ +u64 it+ 2rin6i2le+ may be %ully realized only t4rou)4 modelin) t4e +y+tem in it+

entirety& T4e 6on6e2t and +tudy o% CAS ori)inate+ in t4e li%e and 24y+i6al +6ien6e+ and 4a+ been

di+6u++ed +i)ni%i6antly by t4e +o6ial +6ien6e+ in area+ +u64 a+ +trate)i6 or)anizational de+i)n,

+u22ly 64ain mana)ement and inno3ation mana)ement& ne o% t4e main ar)ument+ i+ t4at

emer)en6e 4el2+ or)anization+ to le3era)e t4eir 2rodu6t inno3ati3ene++ by im2ro3in) t4eir

learnin) and ne8 (no8led)e de3elo2ment initiati3e+& Emer)en6e i+ 2o+iti3ely related to %irm

2rodu6t inno3ati3ene++ 84i64 ele3ate+ t4e under+tandin) o% t4e ni64e o% emer)en6e in t4e N$9

6ontext& To +u22ort t4i+ ar)ument, t4e aut4or+ tal( o3er about 2re3iou+ +tudie+ t4at im2li6itly

+4o8ed 4o8 t4e 6on6e2t o% emer)en6e i+ a22lied to N$9 +u64 a+ t4e materialization o% di%%erent

2ro6e++ 6on%i)uration+ and t4e im2ortan6e o% 6ollaborati3e 2rodu6t de3elo2ment e%%ort+& T4e

aut4or+ al+o made +u22ortin) ar)ument+ by 6on6ludin) t4at 84en 2eo2le %un6tion to)et4er, and

8or( 8it4 +ome de)ree o% +yn64rony, %irm+ de3elo2 better and +u66e++%ul 2rodu6t+& CAS 6ontext

in3ol3in) net8or(+ o% intera6tion, 6on%li6tin) 6on+traint+, 2attern+ o% ten+ion, dynami6 rule+ o%

a6tion and %eedba6(, and 64an)in) 3ariable+ 2lay+ in emer)en6e and %irm 2rodu6t

inno3ati3ene++& T4i+ i+ +u22orted by t4e %ollo8in) ar)ument+: net8or(+ o% intera6tion+ en4an6e

t4e interde2enden6e amon) indi3idual+ and )rou2? 84en ea64 %un6tion im2ro3e+ t4e

e%%e6ti3ene++ o% it+ 2rodu6t de3elo2ment 2ro6e++ by im2ro3in) it+ o8n 6ontribution, t4e

2rodu6t;+ +u66e++ 6an be a64ie3ed by unde3elo2ed inde2endent relation+4i2+ t4at i+ 6on%li6tin)


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6on+traint+? %eedba6( 6ulture redu6e+ interde2enden6y? and %inally, in7e6ted 2re++ure by

mana)ement doe+ not 4a3e a dire6t in%luen6e on 6oordinated a6tion+ and interde2enden6y& T4i+

i+ be6au+e in7e6ted 2re++ure a%%e6t+ emer)en6e 3ia net8or(+ o% intera6tion due to +i)ni%i6ant

6o3arian6e amon) t4em&

T4e idea+ are 6learly 2re+ented and im2ortant term+ 4a3e been 6learly de%ined& T4e

introdu6tion 2ro3ide+ t4e ba+i+ %or t4e arti6le& It di+6u++ed about a +tatement o% t4e 2roblem, a

rationale %or t4e +tudy, and t4e re+ear64 que+tion+&

CONCLUSION

*hat conclusions does the author ma+e!

T4e aut4or+ o% t4e arti6le made a 6on6lu+ion t4at t4e Com2lex Ada2ti3e Sy+tem T4eory i+

rele3ant on a le3el o% ab+tra6tion and are mainly u+ed in t4e 24y+i6al and li%e +6ien6e+ rat4er t4an

t4e +o6ial +6ien6e+ li(e 2rodu6t inno3ation mana)ement& T4ey al+o 6on6lude t4at ba+ed on t4eir

re+ear64, CAS 6ontext and emer)en6e i+ im2ortant in t4e de3elo2ment o% +u66e++%ul ne8

2rodu6t+& Re+ult+ %rom te+tin) t4e role 6ontext and emer)en6e related 3ariable+ in %irm 2rodu6t

inno3ati3ene++ +4o8ed +i)ni%i6ant a++o6iation+ 8it4 6oordinated a6tion+ and interde2enden6y,

%irm 2rodu6t inno3ati3ene++, and 6ontext 3ariable+& T4e re+ear64 4a+ im2li6ation+ %or mana)er+

t4at CAS and emer)en6e i+ im2ortant %or t4e de3elo2ment o% +u66e++%ul ne8 2rodu6t+& T4e

inter6onne6tedne++ o% element+ (no8led)e, +(ill+, and outloo(+ mu+t be under+tood&

Mana)ement +4ould al+o 2lay a ma7or role in N$9& Mana)ement +4ould +u22ort and 6reate a

net8or( o% lin(a)e+ a6ro++ 84i64 in%ormation %lo8+ y en6oura)in) t4e 2er+onnel t4rou)4out t4e


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or)anization& T4ey +4ould al+o en6oura)e t4e de3elo2ment o% mind+et in t4e or)anization to

en4an6e 2rodu6t inno3ati3ene++, t4e o66urren6e o% 6oordinated a6tion, and interde2enden6y

amon) 2eo2le and %un6tional unit+& And %inally, mana)ement +4ould balan6e t4e need+ and )oal+

o% di%%erent de2artment and en+ure t4e 2eo2le in t4e or)anization t4at t4ey under+tand t4eir o8n

im2ortan6e to t4e or)anization a+ 8ell a+ t4e im2ortan6e o% t4eir 2rodu6t inno3ation e%%ort+&

3erall, it +u22ort+ t4e notion t4at a CAS %rame8or( o% N$9 4a+ de+6ri2ti3e 3alue in term+ o%

+tudyin), 6la++i%yin), and de%inin) t4e attribute+ and relation+4i2+ t4at )o3ern ada2ti3e be4a3ior

and out6ome+ in N$9 2ro6e++e+&

RE&LECTION

In your opinion, do the data support the conclusions being made by the author! In your

opinion, are the results thought provo+ing! In your opinion, what could be done to improve the

research! *hat was the most important thing you can learn in reading and critiuing this

article!

.a+ed on t4e re+ult+, t4ey 4a3e %ound t4at: emer)en6e 3ariable+ 2o+iti3ely in%luen6e %irm

2rodu6t inno3ati3ene++? di%%erent 6ontext 3ariable+ 4a3e 2o+iti3e, ne)ati3e, and nonlinear

im2a6t+ on di%%erent emer)en6erelated 3ariable+? and emer)en6e 3ariable+ 2artially mediate t4e

relation+4i2 bet8een t4e CAS 6ontext and %irm 2rodu6t inno3ati3ene++& .ut t4ere are no

+u%%i6ient data +u22ortin) t4e+e %indin)+& T4e data are 4ard to under+tand e+2e6ially %or t4e

reader+ t4at 8ill en6ounter t4e to2i6 %or t4e %ir+t time& T4e %indin)+ identi%ied in t4e introdu6tion

are not 6learly di+6u++ed in +ome 2art+ o% t4e arti6le and t4e data t4ey 4a3e +4o8n are not

re%le6ted to t4e 6on6lu+ion& .ut t4e aut4or+ e3aluated t4e reliability and 3alidity o% t4e 3ariable+


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u+in) 6on%irmatory %a6tor analy+i+ t4at i+ u+ed to te+t 84et4er mea+ure+ o% a 6on+tru6t are

6on+i+tent 8it4 t4e aut4or+; under+tandin) o% t4e nature o% t4at 6on+tru6t or %a6tor& A+ +u64, t4e

ob7e6ti3e o% 6on%irmatory %a6tor analy+i+ i+ to te+t 84et4er t4e data %it a 4y2ot4e+ized

mea+urement model&

3erall, t4e arti6le 4a+ )ood 2oint+ and t4e aut4or+ di+6u++ed t4e ab+tra6t in a 6lear and

6on6i+e 2ara)ra24 t4at de+6ribe+ t4e 2ur2o+e o% t4e arti6le& T4e ab+tra6t al+o 2ro3ide+ %e8 (ey

%indin)+ and 2ra6ti6al im2li6ation+ in t4e +tudy made& o8e3er, t4e %indin)+ are not +4o8n or

2re+ented in data and elaborated in +ome 2art+ o% t4e arti6le& .ut t4e aut4or+ did em24a+ize t4e

6on6lu+ion+ on t4e di+6u++ion and im2li6ation+& In my o2inion, t4e arti6le 6an be im2ro3ed by

2ro3idin) am2le and 3alid e3iden6e %or t4e +tudy made& All data +4ould be related to t4e

%indin)+ and 6on6lu+ion+ made by t4e aut4or+& In t4e 6on6lu+ion, it +4ould ma(e it ea+ier %or

reader+ to %ollo8 t4eir t4in(in) and enable t4em to under+tand t4e 6ore 6ontent 8it4out readin)

t4e entire arti6le& .e6au+e t4eir 6on6lu+ion i+ brie% t4at it doe+n;t 2re+ent t4e +ummary in line

8it4 t4e 2re3iou+ +e6tion+ in6ludin) re+ult+, +i)ni%i6an6e o% t4e re+ear64 and im2li6ation+ o% CAS

6ontext and emer)en6e 84i64 are im2ortant in under+tandin) t4e 6ontent o% t4e arti6le&

In readin) and 6ritiquin) t4i+ arti6le, I 8a+ able to )ain more (no8led)e about di%%erent

t4eorie+ and 6on6e2t+ di+6u++ed in t4e arti6le& T4i+ al+o )i3e+ me te64nique and learnin) about

analyzin), inter2retin) and e3aluatin) t4e +olution and t4e 2roblem di+6u++ed in t4e arti6le& In

6ritiquin) an arti6le, you are not 7u+t +ummarizin) it but you al+o +tudy t4e arti6le a+ 8ell& I 8a+

able to identi%y t4e im2ortant 6on6e2t+ and t4eorie+& I al+o learned t4at Com2lex Ada2ti3e

Sy+tem+ are 6om2li6ated +y+tem+ 8it4 t4e ability to de3elo2 ne8 +y+tem 6on%i)uration+ and


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journal critique - enriquez, trixia

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