jorge chalco vera cliff workshop
DESCRIPTION
PhD research presentation at the workshop of the Climate Food and Farming Network, Dec. 2-4 at Aarhus University, Foulum. The Climate Food and Farming Network is an initiative of Copenhagen U., Aarhus U., and the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security.TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Jorge Chalco Vera CLIFF Workshop](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051012/54625c64af79597c138b49d0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PhD Thesis: Greenhouse gases emissions in
sugarcane in Tucumán, Argentina: incidence of trash burning and
nitrogen fertilization.
Ing. Agr. Jorge Chalco Vera EEA Famaillá INTA-CONICET
ARGENTINA
![Page 2: Jorge Chalco Vera CLIFF Workshop](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051012/54625c64af79597c138b49d0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
One of the most important sources of anthropogenic GHG emissions is agriculture, producing 12-14% of the total GHG generated by humans (IPCC, 2006)
Argentinean agricultural and livestock sectors produce 44% of the total GHG emissions generated in the country
60 to 80% of the total emissions of N2O in the world comes from agricultural soils (Cameron et al., 2000; Wrage et al., 2004) Therefore, the study of fertilization is important. Fundación Bariloche, 2005
However, these estimates were calculated using the international global factors proposed by IPCC, NOT WITH SPECIFIC LOCAL ONES.
![Page 3: Jorge Chalco Vera CLIFF Workshop](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051012/54625c64af79597c138b49d0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Treatments
Sugarcane with trash burning after harvest
Sugarcane without trash burning after harvest
With nitrogen
fertilization
With nitrogen
fertilization
Without nitrogen
fertilization
Without nitrogen
fertilization
Native forest
![Page 4: Jorge Chalco Vera CLIFF Workshop](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051012/54625c64af79597c138b49d0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
1.6 m
![Page 5: Jorge Chalco Vera CLIFF Workshop](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051012/54625c64af79597c138b49d0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Protocol from USDA-ARS GRACEnet (Parkin et al., 2010). Closed vented chambers
Close vented chambers Height (cm) Area (cm2) Volum (cm3)
circular 15 201.1 3015.9
Iron Anchor PVC Headspace
![Page 6: Jorge Chalco Vera CLIFF Workshop](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051012/54625c64af79597c138b49d0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Measurements
Soil and air thermometers
Chronometer
Vacuum pump
Evacuated vials
![Page 7: Jorge Chalco Vera CLIFF Workshop](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051012/54625c64af79597c138b49d0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Soil borer
Soil N-NO3 and N-NH4 content and humidity
Probes: «Loggers»
Detail of logger
Other Measurements
![Page 8: Jorge Chalco Vera CLIFF Workshop](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051012/54625c64af79597c138b49d0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Determination of soil microbial activity
Fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis method. (Schnürer J. et al., 1982)
![Page 9: Jorge Chalco Vera CLIFF Workshop](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051012/54625c64af79597c138b49d0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Gas Chromatography Flame ionization detector CO2 and CH4
N2O Electron capture detector
Linear and non-linear regression models are used to obtain the emissions factors.
![Page 10: Jorge Chalco Vera CLIFF Workshop](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051012/54625c64af79597c138b49d0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Quantify GHG emissions from sugarcane in Tucumán, generating specific and local emission factors. For this: a) Determine the CO2, CH4 and N2O emission factors for sugarcane in Tucumán. b) Define the contribution of traditional agricultural practices of sugarcane (burning and fertilization) to GHG emissions. c) Compare the emissions in systems with different anthropogenic modifications (sugarcane cultivation) and a system without human disturbance (native forest). d) Determine the main soil, environmental and microbiological factors behind the emissions. e) Infer on possible crop management strategies that could serve as mitigation tools.
![Page 11: Jorge Chalco Vera CLIFF Workshop](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051012/54625c64af79597c138b49d0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Jorge Chalco Vera CLIFF Workshop](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051012/54625c64af79597c138b49d0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Host institution: Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Nairobi-Kenya
The objective is to evaluate the potential GHG emissions in soil chronosequence studies The idea is to do a research GHG emissions in sugarcane in western Kenya, where there is an ongoing project. I will work in the field and in the lab, and I will learn all the techniques to do sampling and analyses.
Directed by: Mariana Rufino -Senior Scientist in Forest and Environment Advisor researcher: Klaus Butterbach-Bahl
Regarding the proposed project under the CLIFF grant in 2014
![Page 13: Jorge Chalco Vera CLIFF Workshop](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051012/54625c64af79597c138b49d0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Thank you very much!!
![Page 14: Jorge Chalco Vera CLIFF Workshop](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051012/54625c64af79597c138b49d0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Jorge Chalco Vera CLIFF Workshop](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051012/54625c64af79597c138b49d0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Jorge Chalco Vera CLIFF Workshop](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051012/54625c64af79597c138b49d0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Brenmer, 1965; Keeney and Nelson, 1982
Soil nitrate and ammonium contents.
Technique: distillation by steam