joints - west valley college
TRANSCRIPT
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Joints of the Skeletal System
•Type of binding tissue (structural)
Big Three
–Fibrous
–Cartilaginous
–Synovial
•Degree of movement (functional)
–Immovable = synarthrotic
–Slightly movable = amphiarthrotic
–Freely movable = diarthrotic
Joints
• functional junctions between bones
• bind elements of the skeleton together
• enable body movement
• enable bone growth
• permit the skull to change shape during childbirth
Fibrous Joints
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Cartilaginous Joints• Hyaline or fibrocartilage connects bones
Types
• Synchondrosis
– hyaline cartilage unite bones
•joins the epiphyses to the diaphysis at the
epiphyseal disc for bone growth (synarthrotic joint)
• Symphysis
– thin layer of hyaline cartilage with a pad of
fibrocartilage in an amphiarthrotic joint
– Ex: Intervertebral disk and pubic symphysis
Cartilaginous Joints
Synovial Joints• Six major groups
• Based on shape of joint and movement
– Ball-and-socket (femur/caxae)
– Condyloid (Metacarpal/phalynx)
– Gliding joints (Carpals)
– Hinge joints (Ulna/Humerus)
– Pivot joints (Axis/Atlas)
– Saddle joints (“Thumb joint)
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Typical Synovial
Joint
Fluid
Subchondral plate
Ball and Socket Joints
Condyloid Joints
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Gliding Joints
Hinge Joints
Pivot Joints
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Saddle Joints
Ligaments
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Types of Movements
• Produced by muscle contraction
• Pull non-fixed parts towards fixed parts
• 7 sets of opposing movements
Joint Movements
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Joint Movements
Joint Movements