joints of the skeletal system articulations junctions between bones bind parts of skeletal system...

15
Joints of the Skeletal System Articulations Junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together Make bone growth possible Permit parts of the skeleton to change shape during childbirth Enable body to move in response to skeletal muscle contraction 8-2

Upload: paul-foster

Post on 06-Jan-2018

220 views

Category:

Documents


1 download

DESCRIPTION

Synovial Joints diarthrotic composed of: joint cavity, synovial fluid, joint capsule and synovial membrane 8-8

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Joints of the Skeletal System Articulations Junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together Make bone growth possible Permit parts of the

Joints of the Skeletal System

• Articulations• Junctions between bones• Bind parts of skeletal system together• Make bone growth possible• Permit parts of the skeleton to change shape during childbirth• Enable body to move in response to skeletal muscle contraction

8-2

Page 2: Joints of the Skeletal System Articulations Junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together Make bone growth possible Permit parts of the

Classification of Joints

• Fibrous Joints• dense connective tissues connect

bones• between bones in close contact• ex: tibia/fibula, skull

• Cartilaginous Joints• hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage

connect bones• ex: epiphysis/diaphysis, pelvis

• Synovial Joints• most complex• allow free movement• ex: knee, shoulder, hip

Also…• synarthrotic

• immovable• amphiarthrotic

• slightly movable• diarthrotic

• freely movable

8-3

Page 3: Joints of the Skeletal System Articulations Junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together Make bone growth possible Permit parts of the

Synovial Joints

• diarthrotic• composed of: joint cavity,

synovial fluid, joint capsule and

synovial membrane

8-8

Page 4: Joints of the Skeletal System Articulations Junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together Make bone growth possible Permit parts of the

Types of Synovial Joints

Ball-and-Socket Joint• hip• shoulder

Condyloid Joint• between metacarpals and phalanges

8-9

Page 5: Joints of the Skeletal System Articulations Junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together Make bone growth possible Permit parts of the

Types of Synovial Joints

Gliding Joint• between carpals• between tarsals

Hinge Joint• elbow• between phalanges

8-10

Page 6: Joints of the Skeletal System Articulations Junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together Make bone growth possible Permit parts of the

Types of Synovial Joints

Pivot Joint• between proximal ends of radius and ulna

Saddle Joint• between carpal and metacarpal of thumb

8-11

Page 7: Joints of the Skeletal System Articulations Junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together Make bone growth possible Permit parts of the

Shoulder Joint

• ball-and-socket• between humerus and scapula• ligaments prevent displacement• very wide range of movement

8-15

Page 8: Joints of the Skeletal System Articulations Junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together Make bone growth possible Permit parts of the

Shoulder Joint

8-16

Page 9: Joints of the Skeletal System Articulations Junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together Make bone growth possible Permit parts of the

Elbow Joint

• hinge joint (between humerus and ulna)• gliding joint (between humerus and radius)• flexion and extension• many reinforcing ligaments• stable joint

8-17

Page 10: Joints of the Skeletal System Articulations Junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together Make bone growth possible Permit parts of the

Elbow Joint

8-18

Page 11: Joints of the Skeletal System Articulations Junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together Make bone growth possible Permit parts of the

Hip Joint

• ball-and-socket joint• between femur and coxa• heavy joint capsule• many reinforcing ligaments• less freedom of movement than shoulder joint

8-19

Page 12: Joints of the Skeletal System Articulations Junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together Make bone growth possible Permit parts of the

Hip Joint

8-20

Page 13: Joints of the Skeletal System Articulations Junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together Make bone growth possible Permit parts of the

Knee Joint• largest joint• most complex• between femur and tibia• femur articulates anteriorly with patella• modified hinge joint• flexion/extension/little rotation• strengthened by many ligaments and tendons• menisci separate femur and tibia

8-21

Page 14: Joints of the Skeletal System Articulations Junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together Make bone growth possible Permit parts of the

Knee Joint

8-22

Page 15: Joints of the Skeletal System Articulations Junctions between bones Bind parts of skeletal system together Make bone growth possible Permit parts of the

Clinical ApplicationJoint Disorders

Sprains• damage to cartilage, ligaments, or tendons associated with joints• forceful twisting of joint

Bursitis• inflammation of a bursa• overuse of a joint

Arthritis• inflamed, swollen, painful joints

• Rheumatoid Arthritis• Osteoarthritis• Gout 8-24