joint multi-agency emergency need assessment report of
TRANSCRIPT
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Joint multi-Agency Emergency Need
Assessment Report of Konso and Alle
December 2020
Hawassa
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Table of Contents Description Pages
1. Major Highlights ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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2. Background Information -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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3. Objectives and Methodology --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4. Findings of the Assessment ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.1 Affected Area and population /IDP/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2 Situation and Needs ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2.1 Food Security & Livelihood Situation -------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2.1.1 Crop Production ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2.1.2 Livestock Condition -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2.1.3 Other sources of Income ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2.1.4 Market Condition -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2.1.5 Coping strategy ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2.2 Shelter/NFI ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2.3 Nutrition ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2.3.1 Screening for malnutrition --------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2.3.2 Treatment of SAM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2.3.3 Treatment of MAM -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2.4 Health ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2.4.1 Health Situation ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2.4.2 Immunization ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2.4.3 Major Health Risks ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2.5 WASH ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2.6 Education -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.2.7 Protection ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.3 Emergency Response so far ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.3.1 Food Security ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.3.2 NFI/Shelter ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.3.3 Health and Nutrition ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.3.4 WASH ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.3.5 Education -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.3.6 Protection-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.4 Gaps and Recommendations ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.4.1 Food Security ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.4.2 NFI/Shelter ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.4.3 Health and Nutrition ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.4.4 WASH ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.4.4.1 Observed gaps in WASH --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.4.4.2 Recommendations ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.4.5 Education -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4.4.6 Protection Education --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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5. Annexes 1: affected population in Konso -----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Annexes 2: Needs and recommendations in Food security 27
Annexes 3: Emergency/Recovery and Resilience seed and other planting requirement 28
Annexes 4: Emergency/Recovery and Resilience Farm tools requirement 28
Annexes 5: Emergency/Recovery and Resilience Livestock drug need 29
Annexes 6: Emergency/Recovery and Resilience Livestock feed requirement 30
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Annexes 7: Water scheme damaged due to the conflict 30
Annexes 8: Schools affected by the conflict in Konso zone 32
Annexes 9: Schools affected by the conflict in Alle 32
A) Food
✓ Prolonged hostility and insecurity situations reported to have negatively impacted the whole crop
production cycles and steps
✓ The latest (November 2020) conflict which coincided with maturity and harvesting stages of meher
crops led to enormous damage, destruction, looting and theft to standing crops, food stocks that
held in storages and perennial crops
✓ There was widespread displacement, looting and killing of livestock in areas affected by the conflict
✓ The conflict has reduced market efficiency, networks, increased transaction cost, disrupted
mobility of people and flow of commodities and increased prices of food commodities
✓ Considering key food security indicators, the assessment team recommends food assistance to
75,853 people in Konso Zone and to 15,751 people in Ale special woreda for six months from
January-June 2021
B) Health and Nutrition
✓ 6 health posts have been damaged in Konso and 3 of them were destroyed completely and the
rest 3 were looted and partially damaged.
✓ In Alle woreda 3 health posts have been damaged during the conflict and 2 of them are completely
destroyed and one is partially damaged.
✓ The health centers are not providing a routine immunization service and those health posts
damaged by the conflict have stopped as all their documents and materials related with routine
immunization program have been destroyed.
✓ Both Konso zone and Alle woreda health offices established temporary mobile clinics
✓ There have been reports of suspected measles cases from Baide Kebele of Karat zuria in Konso
zone since the beginning of November, 2020 and on December 17, 5 cases were confirmed for
Measles
✓ In one of conflict affected kebele in the border of Konso and Derashe, Gato, it was reported that,
there was no routine immunization program as well as SIA conducted for a longer period of time
which makes the displaced people at risk of outbreaks for vaccine preventable diseases.
✓ The hygiene and sanitation conditions in the IDP areas as well as in the host community is very bad.
There is significant shortage of water in the area and these issues could result in the occurrence of
Cholera or other water related diseases
✓ In November 2020, screening for malnutrition was conducted for the IDP under five children and
pregnant and lactating mothers of Konso zone. The coverage was only 6.2% for Segen zuriya, 30%
in Kolme cluster and 59.8% in Karat Zuriya.
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✓ Out of the total 2,772 screened IDP children in Konso; 44 were severely malnourished with proxy
SAM rate of 1.6% and 141 were moderately malnourished with the proxy MAM rate of 5.1% and
the overall malnutrition level in terms of global acute malnutrition rate is at 6.7%
✓ out of the targeted 11,726 under five children in Alle, the woreda managed to screen 9,081 with
screening coverage of 77.4%. From the screened 9,081 children, 81 were severely malnourished
with proxy SAM rate of 0.9% and 526 were moderately malnourished with MAM rate of 5.8% , the
overall level of malnutrition to the general population in terms of proxy GAM rate is at 6.7%
✓ Currently 2,258 PLWs and 2,025 under five children in Konso are in the TSF program receiving
MAM treatment.
C) WASH
✓ 16 water schemes in Konso and 4 in Alle were damaged due to the conflict
✓ The IDPs are living in very crowded condition which is not able to maintain their health, safety and
dignity (30-40 peoples are living in shelter < 20 m2 area).
✓ There is no water supply system and sanitation facilities in all IDP collective centers. IDPs are
travelling long distances (10-15 Kms one way) to collect water and traveling 1-3Kms for defecation
(to search open field).
✓ There are no basic utensils, water containers, soaps, and washing materials in IDPs shelter and IDPs
are living in very poor hygienic conditions. Diarrhea, eye disease and scabies are among common
reported diseases in both Konso and Ale IDPs.
D) Protection
✓ A total of 84 women gave birth during the conflict in Konso zone, Derashe and Ale. They are getting
very limited assistance
✓ Children forced to work as cattle herdsman for host community to get income in Gelabo and
around.
✓ Vulnerable group like disable people, pregnant & Lactating women, elder people are not getting
priority during distribution and any service.
✓ More than 4 HHs are living in one plastic (shelter) and women and young girls are not feeling safe
that they fear to be exposed for sexual violence.
✓ There is no latrine at all IDP centers and IDPs are using open space that women and young girls are
feeling unsafe during the night.
✓ There is no communication system or referral path way to address if there is any need and/or
complaint on service delivery. IDPs are not getting proper information from government and
partners.
E) Education
Konso zone
✓ Complete damage of 4 schools that comprised a total of 1,424 students (832M and 592F) and other
3 schools were partially damaged as their properties were either damaged or robbed.
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✓ 5 schools were abandoned because of displacement. In these schools a total of 1,524 students
(793 M and 731 F) were attending school.
✓ 6 other schools that serve for 8,400 students (4,558M and 3,842F) became IDP sites to host the
displaced communities
✓ Communities around Segen/Gumayde refused to send their children to schools and due to this 2
schools didn’t conduct school registration and there was no schooling at the start of academic year
Alle Special Woreda
✓ 1 school which can accommodate 103 students (50M and 53F) was burned and another 5 schools
that serve for 2,291 students (1,284M and 1,007F) were partially damaged.
✓ On the other hand one school was abandoned due to communities displacement to other areas.
F) Shelter and NFIs
✓ During the conflict, the IDPs have lost all their properties and are looking for support to get NFIs
✓ 4 HH are sharing a single plastic sheet as a shelter
Konso
✓ In Fuchucha among 672 displaced HHs, 606 HHs lost their houses completely and are living in the
host community
✓ Residents of Gato 01 village moved to places like Baide, Tishmale and karat. No one is living in this
village as it has been completely destroyed.
✓ 353 households from Oshko kebele moved to Gelabo IDP site and they have lost their houses and
household properties
Alle
✓ A total of 2,613 houses of which 294 are Iron sheet and 2319 thatched roof houses were
damaged/burned in the six affected kebeles
Konso and Alle were two of the woredas under the former Segen Peoples’ Area zones. However, since the last two years Konso was granted zonal administration status and Alle remained as special woreda. They are located to the south of SNNPR. The livelihood of people living in Konso and Alle are largely dependent on crop production and livestock rearing is also widely practiced. The security situation in Konso and neighboring woredas is not stable since Konso was granted zonal administration and the cause of the conflict is related with competition for resource in the border areas and the question of self-administration. The recent conflict was erupted in the third week of July and further worsened in the 3rd week of November 2020 which actually has claimed death of lives and resulted in displacement of many people from kebeles of Konso, Alle and Derashe. The cause of the conflict between Konso and Alle was competition for the Kukubasal forest and grazing land. Both are claiming that area as their own land and expansion for farm lands continued from both sides and will remain as a potential cause of conflict unless the government intervenes and resolve the situation by demarcating the boundaries.
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There was a question of self-administration by some kebeles in Segen area; which is not accepted by the regional government and it has become the source of conflict between kebeles of Segen area with the neighboring kebeles of Konso, Amaro and Burji and resulted in displacement of many people and damage of property. The other conflict around Konso was the conflict between two kebeles of Gato which are under the Derashe special woreda that extended to Fuchucha Kebeles of Konso and resulted in damage of many houses and properties and caused displacement of many others. The issue here was the question to become town admin by Gato 01 residents and claim for woreda status by Gato 02 and the disagreement happened has become the source of conflict among the Kusume clan that are living in two kebeles of Gato. The above mentioned conflicts caused displacement of more than 11,116 HHs (66,711) people from 17 kebeles of Konso zone and including 10,069 Gato 01 kebele IDPs. Out of the total affected population, 2,562HHs (14,106) are IDPs located in six collective center/site, 4,044 HHs (23,124) IDPs are disseminated within host communities and 4,463HHs (29,481) IDPs are returned to their original places. Beside the displacement, the conflict resulted, burning of 11,412 houses (9,541 roof thatched and 1,871 CIS), 22 milling house, 198,418Qt grain, 64,381 pieces household communities, 33,566 agricultural tools, 111,976 different clothes, and destruction of 199,612 different fruits trees and 32,345 livestock in Konso Zone. Similarly, the inter-communal conflict between Alle special woreda and Konso zone resulted displacement of 3,603HHs (22,167peoples) from Alle of which 2,413HHs (15,027 peoples) peoples were displaced from the adjacent kebeles of Konso zone due to fear and now returned back to their living places, whereas 190 HHs (7,140 people) from six kebeles were displaced and settled in other nearby kebeles. For instance, people from Dalbena Gamo kebele displaced to Dega Mashele kebele, those from Gergeme moved to Gewada and people from Kerkerete kebele moved to the neigbouring Woyto kebele of South Omo zone. In addition the conflict caused damages of 2,981 hector farms, 227 corrugated iron sheet and 2,180 roof thatched houses, 36,219 grain, 7 government institution (3HFs, 2 Schools, 1FTC & 1Kebele administration offices), 4 churches, 3 milling house, more than 6,000 domestic animals. To address for the needs of IDPs, the government delivered food support to the affected community and some NFIs were also distributed. However, given the complexity of the situation and the magnitude of the hazard, the support delivered so far doesn’t satisfy the immediate needs of the affected people. The region and Konso zone health offices allocated budget for the procurement of essential and emergency drugs but still shortage of budget is an issues in all the visited health centers and temporary clinics. Under the leadership and overall coordination of the regional DRMC, a multi agency assessment team is established to conduct joint assessment in the affected areas so as to better understand the situation on the ground, identify the gaps and recommend the possible interventions and support to be delivered to the affected IDPs. Hence, the Konso-Alle team conducted the assessment from Dec 15-25, 2020 and team members were from regional DRMC, WFP, UNICEF, WHO, IRC, PIN, and IOM. OCHA together RDMC also played overall leadership and coordination role in the implementation of the joint assessment.
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➢ The general objective of the assessment was to analyse and understand the overall situations in
IDPs of Konso and Alle and recommend possible interventions and support for the needs of IDPs
➢ The specific objectives of the assessment are;
✓ To assess the impact of the conflict on the livelihood of IDPs and host community
✓ To understand the influences posed on health, nutrition, WASH, education and Protection
services.
✓ To better understand shelter and NFI demands of the affected IDP community and assess the
availability, accessibility and affordability of market for S/NFI materials.
The assessment methodology employed includes ; ➢ meeting with zonal and woreda EOC members and get brief description of the overall situation and
responses made so far by the government and other partners, ➢ key informant interview with sector offices using the MIRA checklist ➢ Focus group discussion with IDP representatives which includes elderly men and women, ➢ Desk review to obtain secondary data from zonal and woreda offices ➢ Field observation to visualize and document the extent of the damage .
The ethnic conflict between Konso zone and surrounding special woredas Amaro, Ale, Burji, and
Derashe left more than 11,116 HHs (66,711) people displaced from 17 kebeles of Konso zone and
including 10,069 Gato 01 kebele IDPs. Out of the total affected population, 2,562HHs (14,106) are IDPs
located in six collective center/site, 4,044 HHs (23,124) IDPs are disseminated within host communities
and 4,463HHs (29,481) IDPs are returned to their original places. Beside the displacement, the conflict
resulted, death of 102 peoples, burning of 11,412 houses (9,541 roof touched and 1,871 CIS), 22 milling
house, 198,418Qt grain, 64,381 pieces household communities, 33,566 agricultural tools, 111,976
different clothes, and destruction of 199,612 different fruits trees and 32,345 livestock in Konso Zone.
Similarly, the inter-communal conflict between Ale special woreda and Konso zone resulted
displacement of 3,603HHs (22,167peoples) from Ale. Of which 2,413HHs (15,027 peoples) peoples were
displaced from the adjacent kebeles of Konso zone due to fear and now returned back to their living
places, whereas 190 HHs (7,140 people) from six kebeles were displaced and settled in other nearby
kebeles. For instance, people from Dalbena Gamo kebele displaced to Dega Mashele kebele, those from
Gergeme moved to Gewada and people from Kerkerete kebele moved to the neigbouring Woyta kebele
of South Omo zone. In addition the conflict caused damages of 2,981 hector farms, 227 corrugated iron
sheet and 2,180 roof touched houses, 36,219 grain, 7 government institution (3HFs, 2 Schools, 1FTC &
1Kebele administration offices), 4 churches, 3 milling house, more than 6,000 domestic animals.
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4.2 Situation and Needs
4.2.1 Food Security
4.2.1.1 Crop Production
➢ The conflict has affected profoundly crop production in both Konso zone and Ale special woreda. Discussions held at all level (zone-community) indicated that the prolonged hostility and insecurity situations reported to have negatively impacted the whole crop production cycles and steps. Due to security problem and out of fear many households were unable to access their farms to plant meher season crops. Most affected are 5 kebeles in Segen zuria woreda of Konso zone where the security situation is still volatile, hence, the assessment team was unable to access.
➢ Latest available statistics indicates that the total area planted during 2020 meher season in Konso zone reduced by 20% compared to normal and the same season in 2019. In other word, over 21,240 hectares were not cultivated because farmers were unable to access their farms due to security problem. Fortunately, in Ale special woreda, there was no critical problem during planting and the total area planted was close to normal. The upsurge of conflict and hostility in the last 3-4 months reported to have inhibited routine agronomic activities such as weeding, applying inputs (fertilizer) and crop protection measures due to losses of access to farmlands. The latest (November 2020) conflict which coincided with maturity and harvesting stages of meher crops led to enormous damage, destruction, looting and theft to crops (maize, teff, sorghum and haricot bean) from meher season planting, stocks that held in storages and perennial crops.
➢ In the case of meher crops that were destroyed and looted, production loss is estimated to be 198, 418qts in Konso zone and 36,219qts in Ale special woredas. There was also substantial damage to perennial crops (coffee, moringa, banana, mango, orange, papaya and chat). Overall, more than 199,612 trees of permanent corps were destroyed in Konso and 45,790 trees were destroyed in Ale . The perennial crops are important sources of income and their replacement is expected to take several years, as an example, coffee trees requires 4-5 years and banana tree requires 3-4 year to mature and begin to give yield .Other damages caused by the conflict are destruction to livelihood assets such as farm tools and tradition grain stores . Recently updated figures received from DRM sources, indicate that 33,566 and 9,900 farm tools either looted or destroyed by fire together with other household properties in Konso and Ale respectively . To make the matter worse, the 2020 meher rains were below average and ended much earlier than the normal cessation period. As a result, the meher season harvest (maize & sorghum) is expected reduce by 25-35 % than normal even in areas not affected by conflict Moreover, the prospect of the 2021 belg season, which is the main season in these areas is also bilk. There is a lot of concern, risk and uncertainty of the security situation of affected areas. This combined with loss of farm tool, draft animals and seed likely to constrained next agricultural activities
4.2.1.2. Livestock Production
➢ The effect of the conflict on livestock production was also severe. There was widespread looting and killing of livestock in areas affected by the conflict. Reports received from BoA indicated that around 32,345 and 6,309 livestock were either looted or killed in Konso zone and Ale special woreda respectively. Livestock loss is expected to be felt and would generate production and income loss for long time.
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➢ The conflict has also hindered livestock access to open grazing areas and water points in affected areas. Besides, much of crop residues which supplement grazing after harvest, were looted or destroyed. Large number of livestock have also been forced to leave places affected by conflict to safer areas. Over 64,000 livestock reported to displaced in Konso zone alone. Moving to safer areas, led to the concentration of high numbers of livestock in small areas and competition for resources with livestock of host communities. During site visit to affected areas, the assessment team also observed large number of displaced livestock concentrated in few areas and beyond the carrying capacity of host communities’ resources. The conflict also disrupted fattening (mainly oxen) practiced by many households, especially by better off and middle households.
➢ The physical condition of livestock reported to be moderately weakened in areas where livestock displaced for extended period (since September). Distress selling of livestock is also reported in some areas of Konso zone. The physical condition of livestock displaced following the November 2020 conflict is so far good and normal with host communities support. Also, one veterinary clinic destroyed by fire in Konso zone. Regarding livestock health, there has been no unusual disease outbreak reported Exception was outbreak of Bovine pastoralises outbreak reported in Konso zone. To control the outbreak vaccine was given to livestock in affected areas. Besides, there is concern of occurrence of outbreaks of opportunistic disease such as CCPP and CBPP.
Table 1. Livestock Looted and Killed
4.2.1.3 Other Sources of Income
➢ Major other sources of income in areas affected by conflict are bee keeping, local agriculture labour opportunities where middle and better off households hire poorer households to help during weeding and harvesting periods of the year; migratory labour opportunities in Moyale, Hagare Mariam, Arba Minch and in commercial farms in South Omo zone and selling Chaka- a local alcoholic beverage. Generally, the condition of all sources of income is not promising. Beekeeping has suffered considerably and quite a lot of beehives were looted with bee inside. Reportedly over 400 behaves were looted in Ale special woreda alone. Similarly, availability of local agriculture labour opportunities markedly reduced with decline of agricultural activities. Selling Chaka- is also constrained with the conflict and displacement of people. Migratory labour opportunities are also not accessible due to COVID-19 in most place
4.2.1.4 Market Condition
➢ Overall, the conflict has reduced market efficiency, networks, increased transaction cost, disrupted mobility of people and flow of commodities and increased prices of food commodities. Most affected is Ale woreda where the main trade outlet crosses through Konso interrupted for extended period due to lingering conflicts and insecurity along the borders. Typically traders in Ale woreda bring food
Zone/Special woreda
Livestock Looted or Killed
Cattle sheep goat Equine
Chicken Total
Konso 5463 6084 9245 553 11000 32345
Ale 859 895 2732 159 1658 6309
Total 7181 7874 14709 863 34393 65037
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commodities ( maize ) from traders in Konso ( Dekotu) when local supplies dwindle ; and sell locally produced food commodities ( teff ) in excess of local demand and livestock to traders in Konso. This traditional market network is completely disrupted due to the conflict and maize and other food commodities are currently supplied to Ale woreda from neighbouring villages in Derashe and South Omo zon at higher cost. Many households in Konso also lost to access important markets in neighbouring Derashe woreda (e.g. Gato Market) Even within Konso access to some markets is problematic due to intra-ethnic conflict. Generally, the current prices of major food commodities are much higher compared to last year and five years average. As indicated in the below table, maize price is higher in Konso by 46.7% and in Ale by 41%. Non-seasonal increases in the prices of staples is attributed to shortfall of local supplies and rising transaction cost driven by insecurity and increased dependence of households who lost their harvest on market. Livestock prices condition is mixed; higher in Konso, due to strong demand and lower in Ale due to disruption of the trade rout and insecurity problem.
Table. 2 Price of Major Commodities in December 2019 and 2020
Ale Commodities December 2019
December 2020
% Change
Maize 1060 1800 +41 %
Sorghum 1300 2000 +35
Haricot Bean 1250 1600 +22
Goat 1800 1300 -38.5
Sheep 1700 1200 -41.6
Konso Maize 803 1507 +46.7
Sorghum 1333 1661 +19.7
Haricot Bean 1385 1697 +18.4
Goat 1486 2056 +27.7
Sheep 1341 1945 +31
4.2.1.5 Coping strategies
➢ Coping strategies practiced by food insecure households are different depending on the degree of food shortage. Coping strategies currently practiced at community and household level include provision of livestock feed, allowing livestock to graze in areas closed for conservation, sharing crop residues of host communities to feed livestock, borrowing cash and food , selling small ruminants and sharing shelter with the host community, and sending children to relatives and friends in safe areas and reduced number of meals consumed per day from three to two
4.2.2 Shelter/NFI
➢ The team visited 2 IDP sites ( Gelabo and Baide collective site) and 2 affected/damaged village (Gato 01 and Fuchucha) kebeles. IDPs are living in different condition, some live with their relatives, and some others are live with host community making a piece of plastic tent.
➢ Fuchucha is one of the highly affected kebeles of Konso zone. Among 672 HHs displaced, 606 HHs lost their houses completely and are living in the host community. During day time the IDPs
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concentrate in the burned houses area and at night move to their farmland which far from their former residence.
➢ Goto 01 village is one of severely affected place by the conflict. The residents have moved to places like Beaide, Tishmale and konso. No one is living in this village as it has been completely destroyed.
➢ Gelabo IDPs collective center is one of the centers that IDPs flee from oshko ketena and settled in this site. They are suffering from shelter shortage where 4 HH are sharing a single plastic sheet shelter given by NDRC. In this condition on average one HH have 8-12 family size that forced males to spend the night in open space/out of shelter because of crowding. The plastic sheets are poorly constructed and cannot protect the families from sun and rain. Due to this, children, elderly and pregnant women are exposed to various health and health related problems including malaria, diarrhea, malnutrition and others.
➢ During the conflict the IDPs have lost all their properties and are looking for support to get NFIs for cooking, storing water and feeding. The support they got so far is very limited and doesn’t satisfy their needs.
Figure 1 (A) picture showing Gelabo Collective site, (B) one of the room in the collective site
➢ In Alle woreda, a total of 2,613 houses of which 294 are Iron sheet houses and 2319 thatched roof houses were damaged/burned in the six affected kebeles and most affected kebele are Dalbena Gama and Germema which acounts for 67.8% (1771) of 2613 damaged houses.
4.2.3 Nutrition
➢ Konso and Alle are chronically food insecure woredas of SNNPR that have been receiving relief food
support for years. Because of the damage on crops and food stock; the food security situation is
expected to deteriorate, and children are at higher risk of becoming malnourished. The occurrence of
confirmed measles cases in Konso can be the other potential factor that could exacerbate the
malnutrition situation both for the host and IDP communities.
➢ Treatment of acute malnutrition is part of the routine health program being delivered at the health
facilities which are closer to the community. In Konso zone, out of the 12 health centers, 9 are providing
in patient SAM management for complicated cases and all the 54 health posts are delivering SAM
management in the OTPs. Because of the conflict two health posts (Oshko and Fuchucha) are
completely damaged and not in a position to deliver health service to the community
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➢ Due to the conflict between Konso and
Segen, Garche health post completely
damaged (health post burned, materials
broken and looted) and other three health
posts were partially damaged meaning
doors, windows and medical equipment
either broken or looted. On the other
hand, the conflict between Konso and Alle
caused complete damage of Oshko health
post which is under the catchment of
Arfayde health center. The conflict of
Gato 01 and 02 kebele extended to
Fuchucha Kebele of Konso zone and
caused complete damage of the Fuchucha
health post. At the time the assessment
we observed that IDP community are
getting the health and nutrition services
through the established temporary clinics. In Konso two temporary clinics were established; one in
Fuchucha and the other in Gelabo kebeles.
➢ In Alle woreda the conflict has caused complete damage of the Dalbena Gamo health post and partial
damage of Woybale and Datane HPs. The health and nutrition services are being delivered through the
two mobile clinics established at Gewada and Dega Mashele health centers.
4.2.3.1 Screening for malnutrition
➢ Screening for malnutrition, VAS and deworming activities are routinely conducted to the under five
children. Based on the Konso zone health department, in the month of November 2020 screening for
malnutrition was conducted for the IDP under five children and pregnant and lactating mothers. The
coverage was only 6.2% for Segen zuriya, 30% in Kolme cluster and 59.8% in Karat Zuriya. Factors
contributed to the low coverage of screening were unstable security issues in the segen cluster kebeles
and unable to get most of the children and mothers in the IDP concentration sites as they move to their
farmlands. Out of the total 2,772 screened IDP children; 44 were severely malnourished with proxy SAM
rate of 1.6% and 141 were moderately malnourished with the proxy MAM rate of 5.1% and the overall
malnutrition level in terms of global acute malnutrition rate is at 6.7%. The screening figures and the
malnutrition rates reflect above doesn’t indicate any alarming nutritional situation in Konso. However,
if the screening coverage is improved in the three woredas, more children would have been identified
as SAM and MAM and linked to both AM and TSF programs.
➢ In Alle woreda screening for malnutrition is on progress and at the time of the assessment it is not
completed and the team was unable to analyze the malnutrition situation in IDPs. However, the team
reviewed the routine screening data for the month of Nov. 2020. Accordingly, out of the targeted
11,726 under five children, the woreda managed to screen 9,081 with screening coverage of 77.4%.
From the screened 9,081 children, 81 were severely malnourished with proxy SAM rate of 0.9% and
526 were moderately malnourished with MAM rate of 5.8% and the overall level of malnutrition to the
Completely damaged Fuchucha health post, Konso zone
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general population in terms of proxy GAM rate is at 6.7%. Both the proxy GAM and SAM rates doesn’t
show presence of alarming malnutrition situation in Alle woreda.
➢ Similarly, screening coverage of PLW’s is extremely very low as only 4.3% of PLWs screened in Kolme
cluster, 13.4% in Segen Zuriya and __% in Karat Zuriya.The level of malnutrition for the PLWs is not
more than 10% indicating stable nutritional status of the PLWs. Though screening is not yet completed
in Alle woreda, the Nov. 2020 HEP data reveals that PLW’s screening coverage was 86.7% with PLWs
who are malnourished with MUAC <23 cm are at 18.6%. This indicates that, the level of malnutrition
among PLWs is relatively higher compared to the under five children.
4.2.3.2 Treatment of SAM
➢ In Konso zone the management of acute malnutrition is delivered in 9 health centers and 52 health
posts. People who were accessing the damaged health posts are now getting the health and nutrition
services through the two temporary clinics established at Gelabo and Fuchucha kebeles. Following the
screening conducted on the IDP community, the zone has managed to link 41 children to CMAM
programs. The normal trend of SAM admission in Konso zone shows that an average of 203 SAM cases
were admitted each month.
➢ In Alle woreda currently 4 health centers and 15 health posts are providing treatment of SAM to the
under five children. The two mobile clinics established under the Gewada and Dega Mashele health
center are providing SAM management services to under five children of Dalbena Gamo, Woybala and
Datane kebeles. The normal trend of SAM admission in Alle woreda shows that an average of 120 SAM
cases were admitted each month.
4.2.3.3 Management of moderate acute malnutrition
➢ The treatment of moderate acute malnutrition is a joint program run in collaboration with the
agriculture and health sectors. MAM management is one of the routine nutrition programs being
implemented in Konso and contributed a lot in reducing the case loads on sever acute malnutrition. In
woredas of Konso zone, screening for malnutrition is conducted regularly and children identified as
MAM are linked to the TSF program. Children who are in program are receiving 30 sachets of corn soya
blend (CSB++) and PLWs are getting 7.5kg or 5 sachets of super cereals for a month.
➢ Currently 2,258 PLWs and 2,025 under five children in Konso are in the TSF program receiving MAM
treatment. Based on the analysis of case load, it was observed that an average of 15 metric tones of
super cereals and 7 metric tones of CSB++ per month are quite adequate to address MAM cases in
Konso. The December 2020 rations already transported to food distribution centers and beneficiaries
are getting their rations through the weekly TSF programs. In Konso, balance of 14.75 MT of CSB++ and
29.71 MT of super cereals exist and based on the monthly consumption rate, the current balance can
cover the 2 months demand for MAM supplies.
➢ The MAM management program in Alle is different from Konso and the program is not part of the
routine health program but the woreda was getting the support at times when it is categorized as hot
spot priority one. However, the woreda is one of the pilot woredas selected to implement integrated
management of acute malnutrition (IMAM). While in the field we observed that the health extension
workers attending IMAM training. According to woreda health office, implementation of IMAM is
expected to start as of January 2021. TSF supplies to kickoff IMAM is already transported to the woreda
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and the woreda in turn is transporting the supplies to implementing sites. Currently 71 cartons of
plumpy sup and 318 cartons of super cereals are in the woreda for the IMAM program.
4.2.4 Health
4.2.4.1 Health situation
➢ Since the start of the recent conflict in July 2020, a total of 6 health posts have been damaged in Konso
and 3 of them were destroyed completely and the rest 3 were looted and partially damaged. Similarly,
in Alle woreda 3 health posts have been damaged during the conflict and 2 of them are completely
destroyed and one is partially damaged.
➢ Some of the displaced people are living with the host community and others are in an identified IDP
sites. The places where people are living are very crowded, lack the basic hygiene and sanitation
facilities and have difficulty in getting a safe drinking water. Due to this, increased number of diarrheal
diseases, eye infections and scabies cases were reported by the community.
➢ Both Konso zone and Alle woreda health offices has established temporary mobile clinics in the affected
areas by deploying health workers from the nearby health centers. Those IDP’s who are close to the
already existing health center are receiving the service there. The clinics are providing a very limited
services focusing on out-patient consultations for all age groups and screening for malnutrition.
➢ The health centers are not providing a routine immunization service and those health posts damaged
by the conflict, have stopped as all their documents and materials related with routine immunization
program have been destroyed. More on that, most of the children coming from Kusume kebele (Gato)
don’t have vaccination history as the area is in the border between Derashe and Konso and have not
been covered by routine immunization as well as during vaccination campaigns. The routine
immunization program in Alle woerad is weak and most of the health facilities have high drop out rate
for Penta 1-Penta 3.
➢ There have been reports of suspected measles cases from Baide Kebele of Karat zuria in Konso zone
since the beginning of November, 2020 and on December 17, 5 cases were confirmed for Measles. It
has been declared as an outbreak and more cases are coming to health facilities In Baide and Karat
hospital with medical complications. The low immunization coverage of the IDP’s and host community
has resulted in high transmission of the disease in the community. Due to the poor immunization status,
there is high risk of occurrence of other vaccine preventable diseases.
4.2.4.2 Immunization
➢ The routine immunization program is run mostly at health post level and the nearby health centers are being used as a storage area. Most of the health centers are only providing the birth doses of Polio 0 and BCG vaccines.
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RI Performance of for routine immunization (July to Sept)
➢ As depicted on the above table, the July-Sept routine immunization coverage shows high drop out rate
for Penta in Karat Zuria and Segen Zuria woredas. Kena and Segen zuria woredas have a very low Measles coverage.
➢ In one of conflict affected kebele which in the border of Konso and Derashe, Gato, it was reported that, there was no routine immunization program as well as SIA conducted for a longer period of time which makes the displaced people at risk of outbreaks for vaccine preventable diseases.
mOPV2 SIA
➢ The conflict started at the time of the planned polio campaign and affected both Karat zuria and Segen
zuria woredas. But, later on after the conflict stopped, they managed to continue the campaign in areas
where it’s accessible. In Alle woreda the second round of mOPV2 campaign was conducted in November
and 6 villages were not covered from Gorose and Eyana kebeles due to insecurity. The overall campaign
coverage was 107%.
Woreda mOPV2 SIA Coverage
Karat zuria 103%
Kena 95%
Karat Town 93%
Segen Zuria 76% Alle Woreda 107%
4.2.4.3 Major health risks
➢ Due to the low immunization coverage in the host community as well as in IDP’s, there is a greater risk of having outbreaks of different vaccine preventable diseases like Measles, Pertusis and others
➢ There is an increased number of malaria cases reported from the health facilities and most of the IDP don’t have their bed net as it was either burnt or damaged. So, this will increase the probability of having high malaria case load.
➢ The hygiene and sanitation conditions in the IDP areas as well as in the host community is very bad. There is significant shortage of water in the area and these issues could result in the occurrence of Cholera or other water related diseases
Woreda Penta 1 Coverage
Penta 3 Coverage DOR (P1-P3)
Measles Coverage
Karat Zuria 101.0 70.1 31.6 101.1
Kena 76.0 79.0 -27.9 58.7
Segen Zuria 111.6 78.4 41.3 48.3
Karat town 91.6 81.8 2.3 81.5
Konso Zone 95.1 75.2 16.1 79.5
Alle Woreda 77.4% 62% 19.9% 149%
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4.2.5 WASH
➢ In Konso zone 16 water schemes (5 in Segen Zuria, 6 in Karat Zuria woreda and 5 in Kolme cluster)
damaged and 24,900 user communities are exposed to critical water shortage. The damages includes
3 generators (60KVA), 2 surface pumps and 2 switch board (11 KW & 15KW), 2 plastic water reservoir
(10M3), four spring cupping structures, pressure line (GI different size), distribution line (HDPE and GI)
different size, solar sensor, 4 shallow wells head stand and pumps, 15 water points, 3 generator houses.
Whereas, in Ale four water schemes (3 gravity springs and one on spot spring) structure destructed due
to the conflict between Ale special woreda and Konso zone communities.
1. Gergema Kebele gravity spring damages includes 1.5KM GI 1 &1/2” GI pipe line from spring
copping to reservoir, 300M ¾” HDPE and 600M 1” GI pipe line to 4 water points, (1school and 3
public), and spring cupping structure.
2. Goroze kebele Galga on-spot spring copping structure broken.
3. Futito gravity spring damages includes; copping structure broken, 2KM GI 1 &1/2” GI pipe line
from spring copping to reservoir and 600M 1 &3/4” GI pipeline and 5 water points. (4) Delebena
Gama Daga Mashile gravity spring damages includes, 4KM with 1&3/4” GI pipe and 5KM 1” GI pipe
line and 5water points.
➢ Both Konso and Ale IDPs found in collective centers are living in very crowded condition which is not
able to maintain IDPs health, safety and dignity (30-40 peoples are living in shelter <20 m2 area). There
is no water supply system and sanitation facilities in all IDP collective centers. IDPs are travelling long
distances (10-15 Kms single trip) to collect water and traveling 1-3Kms for defecation (to search open
field). In field visit we observed that, there are no basic utensils, water containers, soaps, and washing
materials in IDPs shelter and IDPs are living in very poor hygienic conditions. Diarrhea, eye disease and
scabies are among common reported diseases of IDPs in both Konso and Ale.
➢ Detail descriptions of damages for each water scheme are stated below. 2,562HHs (14,106) IDPs found
in six collective centers/sites and 4,044 HHs (23,124) IDPs distributed within host communities are
suffering safe water supply services.
4.2.6 Education
➢ School is one of the key social services that have been affected by the conflict between Konso and its
neighbouring woredas. According to Konso zone education department, the conflict has resulted in
complete damage of 4 schools that can accommodate a total of 1,424 students (832M and 592F) and
other 3 schools were partially damaged as their properties were either damaged or robbed.
➢ On the other hand 5 schools in Konso were abandoned and there was no schooling as communities
were displaced to other relatively safer areas. In these schools a total of 1,524 students (793 M and 731
F) were learning. Similarly, 16 other schools that serve for 8,400 students (4,558M and 3,842F) became
IDP sites to host the displaced communities.
➢ There was a request of special woreda administration by some of the Segen area kebeles which has not
yet gotten approved from the regional counsel. The people were against the government in all matters
until they got positive feedback for their self administration demand. As a result of this situation, the
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communities refused to send their children to schools and due to this 2 schools didn’t conduct school
registration and the two schools are not delivering schooling yet.
➢ In Alle woreda 1 school which can accommodate 103 students (50M and 53F) was burned with its school
materials and another 5 schools were partially damaged meaning materials burned or looted which can
provide service to 2,291 students (1,284M and 1,007F). On the other hand one school was abandoned
due to community’s displacement to other areas.
4.2.7 Protection
➢ During the conflict children, pregnant and lactating women, and elders were highly suffered with this
crisis. The team observed one woman in Baide kebele who gave birth during the conflict and she lost her
husband by this crisis.
She has been displaced from Gato 01 kebele (Derashe Special
woreda). Currently she is living with one family who gave her
protection to stay with them. She has lost all her properties in
Gato. Even she does not have money to go clinic to get health
care service/treatment as she faces breast disease. The man
who gave her settlement said that there is no one who came
to visit her, she is alone, she needs special assistance.
There was also one death in Fuchucha that one elder female
has been killed in her house because she could not abscond
from this crisis to escape herself. There were similar cases that
happened during this crisis.
➢ A total of 84 women gave birth during the conflict in Konso zone, Derashe and Ale. They are getting very
limited assistance from government or any other partner.
➢ The IDPs site seems calm and stable but security situation along the border remain unpredictable specially
around Fuchucha and Gato, Germame and Gelabo as reported by IDP in Baide, Fuchucha and Gelabo.
➢ IDPs travel long distance to get service like water, grinding mill, that will make women and young girls
vulnerable. Children forced to work as cattle herdsman for host community to get income in Gelabo and
around.
➢ Vulnerable group like disable people, pregnant & lactating women, elder people are not getting priority
during distribution and any service.
➢ One plastic sheet has been delivered for 4HH which might exposed them to COVID-19 infection
➢ More than four HHs are living in one plastic (shelter) women and young girls are not feeling safe that they
fear to be exposed for sexual violence.
➢ There is no latrine at all IDP centers which they are using open space that women and young girls are
feeling unsafe during the night.
➢ There is no communication system or referral path way to address if there is any need and/or complaint
on service delivery. IDPs are not getting proper information from government and/or partners.
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➢ No specific communal locations for organizing communal activities and providing humanitarian support
like distribution centers, community information centers etc. and there is no IDPs committees who
represent IDPs to communicate with service provider and flag out IDPs need, feedback and complaint.
Most of IDPs collective center are using previous governmental structure that they have complain on the
service delivery.
➢ Women and young girls do not have enough information on how to seek help in case if they face a
problem like harassment, sexual violence, sexual exploitation or abuse.
➢ There is no psycho-social service/provider.
4.3 Emergency Response so far.
➢ Discussions at all level (zonal, woreda & community level) revealed that the amount of food assistance
received was not enough to address the need on the ground. Besides, pulse and edible oil were not
supplied to both areas. Beneficiaries in three clusters of Konso zone are traveling 20-40 km (one way )
to collect food due to lack of stores. Due to damage caused to grain mills in many villages both
beneficiary and non- beneficiaries households are travelling long distance to access grain mills and pay
50-100 birr for transportation in Konso . Finally, the assessment team in both areas noted that there is
gap in recording and documenting assistance received and distributed to beneficiary either by month
or round
Table 3. Food Aid received & Distributed
Zone/special woreda
Food Type Remark Grain (qt)
Edible oil (qt)
pulse (qt)
CSP (qt)
Konso 1744 0 0 84.25 . Delivered for 25,901 benefices from belg assessment & 11,496 beneficiaries affected by conflict received from June-December 2020.c
5360 0 252 . Delivered people affected by the latest conflict (November 2020)
Ale 2160 0 -0 -0 . From the beginning of conflict until now received food.
Source: Konso & Ale DRM
4.3.2 NFIs/Shelter
➢ There are some response activities from Federal DRMC, Regional DRMC & from Save the children in the
provision of shelter NFI but still IDPs are living in a ratio of 4 to 5 HH or 8 to 15 family members in one
house and using the same NFIs together.
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4.3.3 Health and Nutrition Response made so far
➢ The zonal health department as well as woreda health offices have established different committees to be able to identify gaps, monitor activities and take necessary actions on a regular basis. The committees established are Treatment, logistics, surveillance and WASH. All of them are having a regular meeting to discuss on the strengths, gaps/challenges and way forward.
➢ An emergency preparedness and response plan has been prepared by the zonal health department in collaboration with the RHB team and partners. Based on that, RHB and zonal health office provided drugs and supplies costing 166,110.95 birr and 89,432.76 birr respectively for providing medical care to the IDPs. Additionally, the zonal administration also approved a budget of 300,000 birr for additional purchase of medical items.
➢ Konso zone health department deployed a total of 18 HWs in 3 Health centers and 3 temporary clinics providing case management services to the IDPs, including nutrition screening.
➢ Risk communication and health education activities are ongoing by HEWs and kebeles leaders on hygiene promotion, child vaccination, and malaria prevention
➢ Establishment of temporary clinics in the IDP sites and availing some essential drugs in the clinic. The
temporary clinics in Alle woreda comprises 4-5 staffs of different professional background but in the
IDPs of Konso one staff at a time is delivering the health services.
➢ Once the result of the sample sent is confirmed as Positive for measles, information has been shared
to all woredas and active case search is ongoing in all woredas especially in areas where cases are
coming from. Isolation room has been prepared in Baide HC as well as in Karat primary hospital for the
management of referred complicated cases from any location. The health facilities are doing the case
management with the available drugs and supplies. Line listing of all the cases has been started and
there is a daily reporting of cases. Micro-plan was prepared by the zonal health department and shared
with regional health bureau as part of preparation for possible vaccination campaign targeting under
15 years old.
➢ Health centers are providing free of charge services to the affected IDP communities.
➢ Screening for malnutrition was conducted in IDP sites of Konso zone with very low coverage (32%).
Children identified as SAM and MAM were linked to TFP and TSF programs respectively. Similarly
screening for malnutrition in IDPs of Alle woreda started but not finalized at the time of the assessment
➢ The treatment of severe acute malnutrition is going on in the health centers and health posts. Supplies
for malnutrition management (both for TFP and TSF) are available at the zonal, woreda and facility level.
➢ MAM management is going on in both Konso and Alle woredas and supplies for the management of
MAM cases are available at implementing woredas and FDC sites.
4.3.4 WASH Response So far
Konso Zone
✓ Four motorized water schemes maintained by Konso Zone Water department and started providing
water supply to IDPs. (1) Fuchucha BH partially maintained by woreda (10m3 plastic water tank replaced
& 1WP maintained), (2) Borkara BH, (3) Segen town BH and (4) Loltu BH (Generator, 100M pipe line
and water meter maintained).
✓ One water truck deployed by regional water energy and mines bureau to provide water rationing for
IDPs in Konso Zone.
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✓ UNICEF through regional water energy mines bureau provided water treatment chemicals (Aqua tab
and 403 carton PUR) and water containers (364 pieces Jerrycan and 436 pieces water bucket) to Konso
Zone IDPs. In addition 157 carton body and 140 laundry soaps provided to IDPs in Segen Zuria (Jerrycan
150 pcs, bucket 150 pcs, body soap 70 carton, laundry soaps 70carton, PUR 286 carton) and Karat Zuria
(Jerrycan 214 pcs, bucket 286 pcs, body soap 87 carton, laundry soaps 70carton, PUR 117 carton, Plastic
water tank 5M3 1pc and Plastic water tank 10M3 1 pc)
✓ One water truck deployed by regional water energy and mines bureau to provide water rationing for
IDPs in Ale Zone.
✓ UNICEF through regional water energy mines bureau provided water treatment chemicals (Aqua tab
and PUR) and water containers (Jerrycan and water bucket) body and laundry soaps to Ale special
woreda IDPs.
4.3.5 Education
✓ Konso zone education department relocated 8th grade students to nearby kebeles for a week until they
took regional 8th grade exam and returned them to IDP centers and host communities.
✓ There were no organized emergency responses so far to address education in emergencies
✓ Both Konso zone and Alle woreda doesn’t have any plan to work on education as they don’t have
resources at hand and considered it is not lifesaving.
4.3.6 Protection
✓ There is no protection response including child protection GBV and other PSS services in all IDPs site
apart from getting health and nutritional treatment.
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4.4 Gaps and Recommendations
4.4.1 Food Security
➢ The level of food insecurity is alarming in both Konso zone and Ale special woreda. The main causes of the severe situation are the compounding effects of conflict and insecurity, which have resulted in massive displacement of people and disruption to livelihood activities, and loss of productive assets.
➢ The widespread and protracted insecurity has impacted negatively crop production, livestock rearing, dwindled employment opportunities and other sources of income and disrupted market network and functioning. Combined with high food prices affected, the purchasing power of poor households, thereby limiting their access to food.
➢ The food security situation of host communities is also stressed due to competition for limited resource with displaced people and yield loss due to below average performance of meher rains. Generally, the food security situation of these areas is a matter of serious concern. Considering key livelihood and food security indicators mentioned above the assessment team recommends food assistance to 75,853 people in Konso Zone and to 15,751 people in Ale special woreda for six months from January-June 2021
4.4.2 NFIs/Shelter
✓ The major priority of the affected communities next to food is peace & stability. Hence, the
government officials have to work aggressively to ensure peace & stability.
✓ There should have equitable distribution of any S/NFI assistance that is going to be distributed to
the affected communities.
✓ There must be an option to address IDPs who are found at inaccessible area/site.
✓ The culture of risk sharing among the communities is part of the values that the community have
developed through time and it strengthens social cohesion and reduces the severity of the
consequence.
✓ Construction of transitional shelter for returnees. Affected communities have lost their property and
houses during the conflict and seeking support for their shelter. Hence, government and partners
should provide support in availing industrial materials like corrugated iron sheet and nails for the
construction of shelters
✓ The government officials have to mobilize the resource within the communities for effective use of
external support.
4.4.3 Health and Nutrition
Recommendations (Health and Nutrition)
✓ Temporary clinics were established in the IDP sites but awareness not created regarding the
establishment of the clinics and the services provided in the clinics. In order for IDPs to seek health
services, there should have strong health promotion and communication support in the IDP sites.
✓ Most of the children affected with measles don’t have vaccination history and the risk of measles
transmission as well as the occurrence of other vaccine preventable diseases is high. A total of 22
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measles cases were reported from Karat zuria and Karat town administration and 5 of them were
confirmed Positive for measles. Measles vaccination campaign is necessary to be able to control the
outbreak with in short period of time
✓ The IDPs are at higher risk of getting communicable disease due to poor hygiene and sanitation and
also practicing open defecation. Provision of water treatment chemicals is very minimal and awareness
on how to use the chemicals is not well established among the IDP community. Hence, community
mobilization and engagement is very essential for the construction of communal latrines in the IDP sites
and for environmental hygiene and sanitation measures.
✓ The Fuchicha clinic is providing service mostly to adults as they are the one coming to the area
destroyed but the children are staying in the farming areas. Hence the zone should device strategies to
reach more children and PLWs who are staying at their farm land.
✓ There is high risk of COVID 19 transmission due to the limited hygiene and sanitation practice, crowded
way of living. Similarly, health workers in the facility lack infection prevention and control equipment
like face masks and hand sanitizers. Maximum precautionary measures should be taken in health
facilities as well as IDP sites to prevent COVID-19 transmission. Hence, we recommend distribution of
PPE materials to service provider and raising communities awareness on COVID-19 infection prevention
measures.
✓ Health extension workers need to be involved more on increasing community awareness on the service
provision, prevention, screening and referral of complicated medical and SAM cases
✓ No routine immunization program in kebeles where the health posts are damaged and no EPI in the
health centers. Hence, there is a great need of establishing a routine immunization service both at fixed
and outreach locations to be able to reduce risk and control of an outbreak
✓ Proper documentation and reporting system need to be established especially in the temporary clinics
so as to better understand the most common morbidity affecting the IDP community. The
documentation will help to plan for availing essential drugs that relate with the top morbidity
✓ Essential drugs for the management of diarrhea, pneumonia, scabies should be prepositioned in the
temporary clinics
✓ Mosquito net distribution is highly need as most of the people displaced had their net burnt
✓ Health workers need to be sensitized on the reportable diseases and there is a need to establish proper
referral system from lower level to hospitals.
✓ Basic equipment are needed for storage of materials and documents in the clinics and the zone/woreda
should mobilize availing some basic equipment like weighing scales in the clinic so that children
identified as SAM should get RUTF based on their weight
✓ The health centers are overburdened by an additional case from the IDPs and they are providing free
of charge health services to IDPs. The additional burden is impacting the health center’s financial
capacity to procure additional drugs and hence, there should be ways for immediate replenishment of
their expenses by the respective woreda structures.
✓ Human resource management should be properly monitored – Instead of mobilizing staffs from
different non affected kebeles, the zone/affected woredas should map their HR and plan to address the
gaps (Arfayde demands more HR to be mobilized from other areas).
✓ Screening for malnutrition should be strengthened and those identified as SAM should be immediately
linked to the TFP program and those with MAM cases to be linked to the TSF program
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✓ There is high demand of financial support for the rehabilitation or construction of damaged health
facilities. The region should provide funding support and the affected zone and woreda should mobilize
communities to provide in kind support for the renovation of the damaged HFs.
4.4.4 WASH
4.4.4.1 Observed Gaps in WASH
✓ No water supply system and sanitation facilities in IDP collective centers.
✓ Critical water supply shortage observed in both Konso and Ale IDPs kebeles and IDPs are travelling long
distances (10-15KM single trip) to collect water.
✓ Though two water trucks deployed for IDPs water rationing (1 for Konso and 1 for Ale woreda IDPs), it’s
not providing the intended water rationing with full capacity to IDPs due to lack of budget for fuel and
other operation costs. 3,798 IDP HHs (31,438 IDPs) lining in 10 Kebeles (2 in Ale and 8 in Konso) have
no any water supply option and suffering for water supply access.
✓ Some IDP collective centers are not feasible for water rationing and sanitation facilities.
✓ There are no water treatment chemical stocks in both Konso and Ale, that will help IDPs safe water
need as a temporary option, until the damaged water schemes rehabilitated and resume providing safe
water supply.
✓ 20 different water supply schemes (16 in Konso and 4 in Ale) damaged due to the conflict between
these two communities and left about 35,000 displaced peoples without access to safe water supply.
✓ IDPs found in collective centers are living in very crowded condition which is not able to maintain IDPs
health, safety and dignity (30-40 peoples are living in shelter <20m2 area).
✓ There are no basic utensils, water containers, soaps, and washing materials in IDPs shelter and IDPs are
living in very poor hygiene conditions.
✓ Diarrhea, eye disease and scabies are among common reported diseases of IDPs in both Konso and Ale.
4.4.4.2 Recommendation
Water trucking
✓ Provide water tucking services for 14,106 IDPs found in six collective centers/sites in Konso and for
7,140 IDPs in Ale for at least two months. 235,785 liter water needed per day for 31,438 with the
assumption of 7.5l/p/d required minimum water per capita per day.
✓ The deployed water truck (20M3) in Konso will provide water for 2,667 IDPs in single trip with the
assumption of 7.5l/p/d the required minimum water per capita per day and it has need of 3 trips to
address 8,498 IDPs (3,348 IDPs Karat zuria woreda and 5,150 IDPs in Gato 01 kebele of Derashe special
woreda water needs). The average distance of IDP collective centers in Karat zuria woreda and Gato 01
kebele from water source is 30KM round trip. Hence, it is possible to provide the required volume of
water with one truck with three trips/day. In addition 6 plastic water tank with 10M3 capacity are
needed as temporary storage for Karat zuria woreda and Gato 01 kebele IDP collective centers.
✓ Additional one water tuck is needed for 1,044 HH (5,150) IDPs found in Segen Zuria woreda collective
sites and four plastic water tank with 10M3 capacity are needed as a temporary storage. The average
distance of IDP collective centers from water source is 50KM round trip and one water truck is enough
for Segen Zuria woreda IDPs centers (two trip/day).
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✓ One water tuck is needed for Ale IDPS (7,140 IDPs) and four plastic water tank with 10M3 capacity are
needed as a temporary storage. The average distance of IDP collective centers from water source is
10KM round and one truck will cover the gap by providing three trip/day.
✓ Fuel for the two deployed trucks and dewatering pump and also operation cost (perdiem for driver &
water truck attendants) is needed.
WASH NFI distribution
✓ It is not easy task addressing the immediate safe water need of 41,673 IDPs distributed in host
communities (22,007 IDPs in Konso and 19,666 IDPs in Ale). Providing water through water trucking is
not possible for IDPs disseminated through kebeles. Hence, providing WTCs with containers at least for
three months period will help IDPs temporarily to fill the critical water shortage gaps until water sources
maintained. On top of this, IDPs have no water container which able to help them for treating water
and money for soaps to maintain family hygiene. (46,287 sachet PUR, 7,308 bottle Water guard, 9,231
pieces Jerrycan, 4,359 pieces Bucket, 101,925 pieces body Soap and 101,925 pieces Laundry soap are
needed for this 6,795HHs (41,673 IDPs) for three months.
Rehabilitation of damaged water schemes
✓ Rehabilitation of 20 damaged water supply schemes (16 in Konso and 4 in Ale). Detail description of
damages/scheme is annexed.
Strengthening Hygiene and Sanitation activities
✓ Build communal latrine/trench latrine for IDPs in collective center, Support HH latrine together with
shelter /during returnees/ and strengthening HP activities and WASH items distribution.
4.4.5 Education
Immediate Responses Needed
✓ Build temporary school facilities and distribution of school materials for 2948 students in Konso and
2394 students in Alle and start schooling at IDP centers and host communities.
✓ Move IDPs to other collective centers, and do small repairs and make schools ready and safe for
teaching and learning processes of 16 school which are used as IDP collective centers in Konso
✓ Child protection and psycho-social supports interventions is higly needed for students directly affected
by conflict
✓ School feeding intervention for more than 13,905 students who have been IDP, returnees and those
within the host community and food insecure due to sharing food for IDPs
Interventions Needed if the security is totally under control
✓ Schools with WASH facilities reconstruction and this includes; new permanent building or temporary
structures for 5 schools (4 in Konso and 1 in Alle).
✓ School buildings maintenance, educational materials and furniture supply for 10 schools (5 in Konso
and 5 in Alle).
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4.4.6 Protection
➢ Establish proper coordination and information sharing mechanism among the partners, stakeholders
and/or government for the preparedness and response.
➢ Structuring the IDPs leadership by engaging the different age/sex, women, youth elders etc.
➢ Developing referral pathway mechanism to facilitate response services and ensure accountability by
establishing complaint and feedback mechanism
➢ Prioritize the PSNs during Humanitarian assistance.
➢ Engaging the authorities and communities for establishing of peace through the improvement of security
in the area.
➢ Delivering at least one plastic sheet for one family house to address feeling of unsafe.
➢ Construct separate/sex segregated latrines for male and female in all IDP sites to mitigate the risks of
GBV against women and girls
➢ Find proper solution for children who are not attending their education currently.
➢ Facilitate/advocate for provision of basic child protection, GBV and PSEA and other PSS services including
prevention, mitigation and response services to affected vulnerable groups in the area
➢ Identify children who are separated or lost their families and other vulnerable children in connection to
the conflict, and facilitate case management services including reunification, direct PSS, care
arrangement and other alternative support mechanisms
➢ Providing dignity kits to affected children including UASCs, adolescent girls and women to mitigate
potential risks in connection to lack of necessities
27
Anex 1: Affected Population in Konso
Woreda Households Affected population
Affected < 5 children
Affected PLW
Kolme 659 5,010 770 1,411
Karat Zuriya 4,065 24,568 3,835 850
Segen Zuriya 7,463 44,597 6,962 1,543
Kusume 1,980 10,069 1,142 757
Total 14,167 84,244 12,709 4,565
Annex 2: Needs and Recommendations Food Security • Provide full basket food aid to 75,853
people in Konso zone and 15,751 people in Ale Special woreda affected by conflict from January-June 2021
• Consider installing 3 temporary storages in Konso to ease distance beneficiaries travel to receive food.
• Consider providing milled grains to areas where gain mills destroyed by the conflict
Livelihood (Emergency/Recovery/Resilience building)
• Provide emergency/recovery livestock feed
• Provide emergency livestock drugs and livestock vaccines
• Supply emergency/recovery seed and planting materials
• Consider restocking of livestock looted and killed during the conflict
• Replace lost farm tools by the flood.
• Maintain and equip one veterinary clinic destroyed in Konso zone
28
Annex 3: Emergency /Recovery and Resilience SEED and other planting requirement
Zone Woreda Number of Households (HHs) in need
Crop Seed/planting materials type
Seed variety
Area to be planted (ha)
Amount (qt)/No.
Unit Price (Birr)
Total Cost (Birr)
Sowing window
Delivery time
Male headed
Female Heade
d
Total
Konso Karat Zuria 1325 442 1767 Maize BH-140 5300 325
Karat Zuria 1000 333 1333 Haricot Bean H.Dume 1000 1000
Karat Zuria 2500 833 3333 Teff Asnakech 2500 375
Kena 4500 1500 6000 Maize BH 140 1500 325
Kena 750 250 1000 Haricot Bean H.Dume 750 750
Kena 2250 750 3000 Teff Asnakech 750 112
Segen Zuria 11,786 3929 15715
Maize BH-140 5500 1395
Segen Zuria 2143 714 2857 Haricot Bean H.Dume 1000 1000
Segen Zuria 5357 1786 7143 Teff Asnakech 2500 375
Kolme 2250 750 3000 Maize BH-140 1500 375
Kolme 525 175 700 Haricot Bean H.Dume 350 350
Kolme 375 125 500 Teff Asnakech 250 37
Alle Ale 245 27 372 Maize BH-140 240 220 2150 473,000
Ale 569 52 621 Maize BH-540 820 410 2540 1,041,400
Ale 183 14 197 Maize BH-661 167 83 1995 166582
Ale 224 22 246 Haricot bean Nasir 91 136 2600 354900
Ale 51 4 55 Banan seedling
A/Minch 20 40,225 tree
20 804,500
Ale 75 8 83 Onion seed Red B. 36 72kg 320 134,320
Ale 61 3 65 Tomato seed Roma 19 40kg 106
Annex 4. Emergency /Recovery and Resilience FARM TOOLS requirement
Zone Woreda Number of Households (HHs) in need
Type of farm tools Quantity No. Unit Price (Birr)
Total Cost (Birr)
Delivery time
Male heade
d
Female Headed
Total
Konso Karat Zuria
1000 134 1134 Pickax (Doma) 1469 January 2021
Sickle
2132
Plough/Hoe(Maresha) 1768
Digger (shodra)
Rake 565
Shovel (Akafa) 2244
Axe (
Watering can
Bill hock (Gegera) 695
Kolme 1200 617 1817 Pickax 520
29
shovel 8000
plow 1260
Sickle 1575
Saw 350
Jackhammer 56
Billhook 950 Segen zuria 1300 543 1843 Pickax 900
shovel 6500
plow 1346
Sickle 2575
Saw 276
Jackhammer 78
Billhook 1232
Ale Ale 800 200 1000 Pickax (Doma) 2000
395 55 450 Sickle 3500
509 41 550 Plough(Maresha) 1100
115 4 150 Rake 150
374 26 400 Axe ( 400
579 21 600 Watering can 600
704 46 400 Bill hock (Gegera) 1500
Digger (shodra) 400
Annex 5. Emergency/Recovery and Resilience livestock HEALTH requirements (VACCINES)
zone Number of Households (HHs) in need
Livestock IN NEED OF
VACCINATION
Type and amount of Vaccines needed
Male headed
Female Headed
Total Species Number Vaccine Type
Vaccine Amount (Doses)
Unit Price (Birr)
Total Cost (Birr)
Konso 10960 1227 12187 Bovine 48,034 LCD 50,000
Bovine.past 20,000
caprin 88,754 CCPP 90,000
ovine 56,5092 OV.Pstu 60,000
Avic 105,450 NC vaccine 110,000
Ale 8650 557 4226 Bovine 10,000 Black Leg 10,000
Bovine 10,000 Bovine pas 10,000
Ovine 5000 Ovine Pas 5,000
Caprin 20,000 CCPP 20,000
30
Annex 6: Emergency/ Recovery and Resilience livestock FEED requirements for the period July – December 2019
Zone Number of Households (HHs) in need
Livestock IN NEED OF
FEED
Feed (Concentrate and fodder)
Male heade
d
Female
Headed
Total
Species
Number
Concentrate
(quintals)
Concentrate Unit
Price (Birr)
Hay/Straw (Bale)
Hay/Straw (Bale)
Unite Price (Birr)
Number of feed storage facilities
(or similar
structures)
Konso
3451 609 4060 cattle 16,240 0 0 243615 160 38,978,400
5184 915 6099 sheep 36594 0 0 70260 160 11,241676
5918 1,044 6963 goat 55703 0 0 106949 160 171,111961
343 61 404 equine 404 0 0 4848 160 775,680
Total 108,941 222, 107,717
Annex 7: Summary of water schemes damages
Zone woreda Kebele Water scheme damaged
Damages during conflict User community /affected
Konso
Segen Zuria
Melega Dukaya
Motorized spring
- 60KVA generator broken - 11KW surface pump with switch
board & 8” casing totally destroyed, - Generator house destroyed, - 100M pressure line (2”GI) wiped
out, - 5 water point broken - Distribution line wiped out.
2,000
Melega Dukayo
Gravity spring
- 1KM pipe line (21/2” HDPE) destroyed
- 5 water points broken
3,500
Birbirsa
Motorized spring
- 60KVA generator broken - 15KW surface pump with switch
board & 8” casing totally destroyed - Generator house destroyed - two spring cupping structure
demolished - 300M pipe line (1 1/2”GI) wiped out - Water point broken
3,000
Birbirsa Lulitu
Motorized BH
- 60KVA generator broken - Generator house destroyed - Two spring structure demolished - 60M pipe line GI wiped out, Water
point broken, Water meter removed
3,500
31
Garche Segetote & Lutu Torba
Shallow well - 3SW (2 Indian II) Pump, head, stand pumps destroyed
1,500
Karat Zuria
Gelebo
Spring with Solar pump
- Spring structure demolished - Solar sensor stolen - Pressure line, distribution line WPs
damaged
3,500
Teshimole Somoria
gravity spring
- Spring structure demolished - Pressure line, distribution line &
WPs damaged
3,500
Fuchucha
Motorized BH
- 2 plastic water tank (10M3) destroyed
- 2.8KM Pressure line (2 ½”GI), distribution line WPs damaged
3,000
Afridave and Oshiko
Shallow well - 3SWs Pump head, stand and pumps damaged
1,500
Kolme cluster
Borkora and Masoya
Shallow well
- 2SW (Indian II) Pump, head, stand pumps destroyed
- 2 SW totally abended
2,500
Ale
Ale
Geregema
Gravity spring
- 1.5KM GI 1 &1/2” GI pipe line from spring copping to reservoir, 300M ¾” HDPE and 600M 1” GI pipe line to 4 water points, (1school and 3 public), and spring cupping structure damaged.
Goroze Galga on-spot spring
- copping structure broken
Goroze Futito gravity spring
- Copping structure broken, 2KM GI 1 &1/2” GI pipe line from spring copping to reservoir and 600M 1 &3/4” GI pipeline and 5 water points damaged.
Delebena Gama
Daga Mashile gravity spring
- 4KM with 1&3/4” GI pipeand 5KM 1” GI pipe line and 5water points are damaged.
32
Annex 8: Schools affected by the conflict in Konso zone
S. No Description of not functioning at this moment Number of schools
Male Female Total
1 School property damaged/ burned 4 832 592 1424
2 Abandoned schools due to communities displacement
5 793 731 1524
3 Schools Occupied by IDPs 16 4558 3842 8400
4 Schools robbed during conflict 3
5 Not functioning schools waiting for being special woreda
2
Total 30 6183 5165 11348
Annex 9: Schools affected by the conflict in alle Special woreda
S. No Description of not functioning at this moment Number of schools
Male Female Total
1 School building and property damaged/ burned 1 50 53 103
2 School building partly damaged and all materials and property robbed
5 1284 1007 2291
3 Schools abandoned due to communities displaced to other kebeles
1 96 67 163
Total 7 1430 1127 2557