1

PRESENTATION DU BASSIN

Djamel Latrech OSS

JOINT MANAGEMENT

OF SHARED RESOURCES:

NORTH WEST

SAHARA AQUIFER SYSTEM

JOINT MANAGEMENT

OF SHARED RESOURCES:

NORTH WEST

SAHARA AQUIFER SYSTEM

2

PRESENTATION OF THE BASIN

NORTH WEST SAHARA AQUIFER SYSTEM

Algeria, Libya and Tunisia

Partners: Observatoire du Sahara et du Sahel (OSS), GEF, UNEP, SDC-Switzerland,

FFEM-France

NORTH WEST SAHARA AQUIFER SYSTEM

Algeria, Libya and Tunisia

Partners: Observatoire du Sahara et du Sahel (OSS), GEF, UNEP, SDC-Switzerland,

FFEM-France

3

NWSAS LIMITES

4

WEST – EAST SECTION

5

• LOW RECHARGE (1 Billion of m3/year)• WATER QUALITY PROTECTION (esp. salinisation)• PUMPING DEPTH LIMIT(100m)• PROTECTION OF OASES• SOIL AVAILABILITY AND QUALITY

LOW EXPLOITABLE VOLUMES - 2.5 Billion m3/y SIGNIFICANT RESERVES - 60 Trillion m3

MOBILISATION CONDITIONS

6

PAST DEVELOPMENT AND FUTURE NEED FOR

EXPLOITATION

PAST DEVELOPMENT AND FUTURE NEED FOR

EXPLOITATION

7

WATER POINTS EVOLUTION :1960

8

1970

WATER POINTS EVOLUTION : 1970

9

1980

WATER POINTS EVOLUTION : 1980

10

1990

WATER POINTS EVOLUTION : 1990

11

2000

WATER POINTS EVOLUTION : 2000

120

0,3

0,6

0,9

1,2

1,5

1,8

2,1

2,4

2,7

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

Total Abstraction in the NWSAS Billion m3/year

LIBYE

TUNISIE

ALGERIEAbstraction > Recharge

ABSTRACTION EVOLUTION

13

APPROACH OF THE NWSAS PROJECT

APPROACH OF THE NWSAS PROJECT

14

SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT

NEED FOR NWSAS BASIN MANAGEMENT

NEED FOR NWSAS BASIN MANAGEMENT

KNOWLEDGE/INFORMATION CONTROLKNOWLEDGE/INFORMATION CONTROL

BASIN AWARENESSBASIN AWARENESS

COOPERATION AND TECHNICAL EXCHANGE

COOPERATION AND TECHNICAL EXCHANGE

PERMANENT CONSULTATION MECHANISM

PERMANENT CONSULTATION MECHANISM

15

IDENTIFIED PROBLEMS AND RISK AREAS BY PHASE I

STUDIES

IDENTIFIED PROBLEMS AND RISK AREAS BY PHASE I

STUDIES

16

ABSTRACTION CONSEQUENCE

- Water- Water and soil and soil salinisation  salinisation 

- - DDisapearanceisapearance of artesian wells of artesian wells    

- Excessive pumping height  - Excessive pumping height  

- Depletion (Outlet and Foggaras) - Depletion (Outlet and Foggaras) 

- - IncreasedIncreased Interference Interference between and between and among countries  among countries  

17

NWSAS Map of RISKS

Jufrah

Bassin Occidental

Oued Mya

Bassin Artésien

Syrte

Exutoire Tunisien

Chotts

18

• BILATERAL COMMISSIONS• BILATERAL COMMISSIONS

PRESENT SITUATION

PREVIOUS SITUATION

• TECHNICAL DATA • TECHNICAL DATA • CONSULTATION TOOLS• CONSULTATION TOOLS

AVAILABLE FOR DECISION MAKERS

e.g. risk analysis

AVAILABLE FOR DECISION MAKERS

e.g. risk analysis

PROJECT RESULTS- PHASE I : 1999 -2002

• DECISION MAKERS’ WILL FOR COOPERATION• DECISION MAKERS’ WILL FOR COOPERATION

• LACK OF TECHNICAL DATA TO SUPPORT

FURTHER COOPERATION

• LACK OF TECHNICAL DATA TO SUPPORT

FURTHER COOPERATION

19

OBJECTIVES AND

PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF

THE UNEP/GEF-SDC-FFEM

PROJECT

OBJECTIVES AND

PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF

THE UNEP/GEF-SDC-FFEM

PROJECT

PHASE II : 2003 - 2005

20

GEF/UNEP/SDC/FFEM OBJECTIVES : 2003 - 2005

TO CONSOLIDATE HYDRAULIC STUDY RESULTS WITH THE

INTEGRATION OF THE SOCIO ECONOMIC AND

ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION/DATA

TO PROPOSE OPTIONS FOR A STRATEGY FOR

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, INVOLVE RELEVANT

SECTORS, inter alia, Agriculture, Environment, Ａｌｌ

STAKEHOLDERS and NGOS

TO SHIFT FROM TECHNICAL LEVELTO POLICY

LEVEL

21

• Very high water consumption : 6 000 to 25 000 m3/ha/year

• Low performance of irrigation techniques with water loss

• Excessive fragmentation of irrigated land

• Lack of maintenance of drainage

• Soils Not fertilised

• Main actors are family members

• Women managing the irrigated land are limited (less than 5%).

SOCIO ECONOMY

22

• Possible problems of future water abstraction:- Increased water cost- Conflicts over allocation and fixing of ｗａｔｅｒ price- Reduction in irrigation amount- Soil salinisation (need for wash-out and drainage)  

• Possible problems asscoaited with reduced agriculture productivity:- Reduction of income of farmers - Increased poverty of farmers - Increased unemployment

SOCIO ECONOMY

23

Importance of wetland and their fragility

Serious soil salinisationFuture need for restriction of

agricultural development due to soil loss and degradation

Need for a joint survey

RECOMMENDATIONS ON ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

24

• Institutionalising water saving policy:

– Rational resource management– Promotion of water-saving irrigation techniques – Utilisation of non conventional waters

• Diversification of regional economy

• Adoption of policy of pricing and investment support

POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS

25

CONSULTATION MECHANISMCONSULTATION MECHANISM

26

APPROACH FOR THE CONSULTATION MECHANISM

APPROACH FOR THE CONSULTATION MECHANISM

Initial development (Rome, December 2002):

development of monitoring indicators,

- development of database and models,

- promotion of studies, research and training

- Perspective for future evolution of the Mechanism

Cooperation among technicians and building of mutual confidence Strategy for an integrated vision for sustainable management Solidarity facing the risks Involvement of decision makers

CONSULTATION MECHANISM

27

PERMANENT STRUCTURE

Formalized agreements or conventions on protection of the risk areas

Exchange protocoles and data management

Common networks of monitoring and financing modalities on national budgets

Periodical updating of the management models

Production of monitoring indicators of the NWSAS (Hydraulic, Agriculture, Economy, Environment)

Annual meeting of the decision makers

TERMS OF REFERENCES WITH LEGAL FRONT

CONSULTATION MECHANISM

28

Common Inf.System Significant data

Knowledge UpdatingIdentified Risks

Monitoring networksStakeholder involvement

Type of structure

StatusAttributions

Formalisation of consensus onData updating

FinancingExchange protocole

NWSAS Sustainable management

STRUCTUREAGREEMENTS

ACQUISITION

CONSULTATION MECHANISM

29

SCIENTIFIC

COMMITTEE

PERMANENT

SECRETARIAT

STEERING COMMITTEE

NATIONAL COMMITTEES

DRAFT PROPOSAL

30

ＤＲＡＦＴ PROPOSAL

1 Annual report on NWSAS state 2 Updating of common database3 Training session4 Reinforcing of common survey networks

5 Authority forums on water management: agriculture, environment, Regional development

6 Organisation of tripartite consultation meetings7 Model expolitation8 Development of indicators on the resource availability and use9 Dissemination of resource monitoring indicators

10 Information and awareness

PROPOSED ACTIVITIES

10