john aston for cibse home counties north west march 8, 2006 approved documents l2a and l2b the...

John Aston

For CIBSE Home Counties North WestMarch 8, 2006

Approved Documents L2A and L2BThe contribution of good lighting control

2Lighting Controls, John Aston, March 8, 2006, CIBSE – ADL2

Contents

• A little bit about the Approved Document L• Rather more about lighting controls• Some other legislation and norms to think about• Plus bonus feature: Commissioning Code L


Approved Document L2ANew buildings other than dwellings

• Not less than 45 luminaire-lumens/circuit-watt average for office, industrial and storage areas

• In other spaces initial lamp + ballast efficacy of not less than 50 lamp lumens/circuit-watt

• Local switching – now within 6 metres or twice the height of the light (whichever is larger)

• No ‘controls factor’ – the calculation tool for the Building CO2 Emission

Rate (BER) accounts for their impact• The 500W exemption has gone


• Pretty much the same as ADL2A, except:

– The ‘control factors’ are retained

Approved Document L2BWork in existing buildings that are not dwellings

Control function Factor

In a day lit space and controlled by photoelectric switch or dimming

0.90

In a space that is unoccupied for a significant time and a sensor switches lighting OFF, but ON is manual

0.90

Combining the above 0.85

None of the above 1.00


Local switching – the changes for 2006

Maximum distance from switch to light: 6m or 2 x mounting

height

2

Consider switching perimeter luminaires in day lit areas separately


Summarising the intent of ADL2A & ADL2B

• Improve the energy efficiency of non-domestic building by 25%

• Provide a measure that is non-prescriptive in order to allow better design

• Cover both new construction AND significant refurbishments (100m2 +)

• Meet the target CO2 emissions – now and during life• Allow compliance through certification – based on delivering

the design intended and commissioned accordingly


Lighting controls are already widely used and accepted

• There are 1,000’s of lighting control installations in the UK

• Specified today on most new commercial developments

• Used in offices, public buildings, education premises, shopping malls and retail developments


Energy saving

..or having the right light in the right place but only when it is needed!


Time control

Energy savingAll of these control functions can reduce costs

Examples include:

-limiting light pre- and post-trading in retail applications

-changing the mode of operation

-parts of education buildings


Time control

Daylight and controlled luminance


Integrating daylight

-best practice uses dimming control

-use care when switching


Time control


Occupancy


Matching lighting in use to the numbers of people present

-all current products rely on ‘movement’

-use care when applying


Time control


Occupancy

Wall switch

IR / RF wireless operation

Telephone override

PC link (TCP/IP)


Used in combination with all the automatic functions to achieve:

-manual ON

-auto OFF

= better energy savings!** Ref: Moore TA, Carter DJ, Slater AI: Long-term patterns of use of occupant controlled office lighting


Time control


Occupancy

Wall switch

IR / RF wireless operation

Telephone override

PC link (TCP/IP)

Logging and measuring


If you don’t know how much you are using – you won’t know how much you are saving.


Energy saving

• Lighting is still a significant element of a building’s electricity cost – 40% is easily possible.

• Take an unusual ‘case study’ – from 10 years ago:

• Energy Saving each year through:– dimming on the Sales Floor: £3,000.00 approx.– control in stock rooms etc: £700.00 plus


Additional standards and regulations

EN12464-1 Indoor Lighting CIBSE Lighting Guides 3, 7 and….

Comfort The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare)

Regulations 1992 EN50172 and others

Safety

Lighting Controls, John Aston, March 8, 2006, CIBSE – ADL2 16

Controls and EN12464

..let’s take a typical modern, flexible use, office interior….



Light the task area

Make sure the ‘surround area’ is

correctly litMaintain 200 lux in the

‘occupied space’

…and keep the 200 lux if someone leaves

..zoom in – and look at some of the control issues….



..zoom out – and look at some more of the control issues….

Maintain safe circulation lighting

Provide ‘scene setting’

Control the light levels

Take account of daylight

Provide local control


Safety and convenience

..and the emergency lighting needs testing and monitoring.

Emergency light

Exit signs


So what’s the secret of success?

• Understand the needs of the client and the staff• Draw up a specification that defines the required

functionality and performance.• List your preferred suppliers – based on your knowledge of

their abilities.• Make sure there is a full method statement for the lighting

installation.

Looking at some of this in more detail…..


Understanding the application

Type of space Examples

Owned Cell office, small workshop, consulting room

Shared Open plan office, production area, ward

Temporarily owned Meeting room, ‘hot’ office, classroom

Occasionally visited Store room, book-stack, toilet

Un-owned Corridor (open or closed), stairs

Managed Hotel lounge, museum, foyer, terminal

…and each ‘day lit’ or not and ‘high or low occupancy’ leading to the appropriate selection of controls. Let’s look at some…


The elements of a multi-sensor - 1

The light sensor

– the sensor looks at a square area approx 3m x 3m.

– Photo sensor with built-in colour correction filter for visible radiation (more closely matching the eye)

– Excellent linearity (better control)

– No cadmium (sustainability)– Separate sensor unaffected by

other elements or stray light ingress (no compromise)



Infra-red receiver

– RC5 coded solution – includes ‘self calibration’ function

as well

Push-button

– provides convenient ‘set-up’ facility to self-calibrate the light sensor (when an IR controller is unavailable)

58

Coded infra red = greater flexibility

• The ‘room flooding’ approach to IR control

• Allows multiple transmitters and receivers in an area

• 7 groups and 5 channels• Pre-set and scene setting

capability

• Interface for pushbutton control also available.


Normal IR control….

…each IR transmitter could offer ON, OFF and dimming


….using RC5 code to give personal light control…

each personal IR controller operates selected lights

room controller can set-scenes and manage all lights in the room



Movement sensor

– An integrated solution that gives improved sensitivity

– A 120° shade is added to allow masking of part of the detection area

– The walk test LED shines through the sensor surround

– Available in ‘Presence Detector’ only version

– Rectangular detection pattern


Movement detection area

Sensor mounted at 2.5m

orientation

Sensitivity increases towards the centre


Movement detection area - 120° shade deployed

Sensor mounted at 2.5m

Shaded area shows maximum screen cover


So – How do we comply with all of this?Commissioning as a solution

• Even a quick review of the process from concept to completion gives these obvious results:

– There needs to be a connection between the concept and the reality

– Everyone needs to know their role and responsibility

…which is why ‘commissioning’ became the subject of a new Code!


Why do we need another ‘Code’?

Unfortunately the guides, standards, regulations and European Norms already exist – and those responsible for verification need help.

Particularly those seeking to meet ADL2A and B! ..which is why the Code received substantial Government support.


Use the CIBSE Commissioning Code L: 2003

• Effective Commissioning enables and/or ensures:

– compliance with Building Regulations Approved Document L2

– compliance with all other relevant regulations / legislation

– the design intent is met

• Leading to:

– better lighting standards

– more productive and satisfied occupants

– added competitiveness for the building owner


Use the CIBSE Commissioning Code L: 2003 Scope and some of the tools provided

• Covers lamps, gear, luminaires, controls, commissioning and installation issues.

• Includes– Definitions– Examples– Checklists

• Example method statement for lighting system including automatic controls

• Sample completion certificates• Safety matters• Notes about the design of lighting and

lighting control systems


Approved Documents L1 and L2Declaration of conformity

Requires a ‘qualified’ person to sign– Designer and/or manufacturer

• Applies to Parts L1 and L2• Gives evidence of compliance :

– Type of equipment installed– Works identification– Method of verifying achievement– Declaration signatures

• Covers scheme design and/or installation

• Effectively ‘self-certification’

Stop press: ECA and NIC/EIC to run training courses from April 2006


The benefits of effective commissioning…a concluding summary

• Lighting system components are verified as those specified

• Substitution can only be done with the agreement of the lighting designer

• The design intent is actually delivered

• Legal and standards obligations are met

• A benchmark is set for future reference


Final conclusion:Lighting controls help us to meet ADL2A & B

Or to put it another way…..

…I said “an Aston” – not “an Austin”…..

The revised 2006 documents confirm the importance of effectively controlled lighting in reducing carbon emissions. And the Declaration of Conformity has real additional benefits for the lighting installation!

Home Counties North West