job instruction

Job InstructionIf the Worker hasn’t

learned, the Instructor hasn’t taught.

Kevin Paradis Columbia Forest Products

1st Shift Value Stream Manager at CFPContinuous Improvement Manager at

CFPSafety Coordinator and Front line

SupervisorCoach (High School) Soccer and

BasketballPrior to 2001 – Logging Contractor

Introduction & Background


A Supervisor is responsible for everything that happens or fails to happen appropriate to his or her level regarding Safety, Productivity, Delivery and Cost while enhancing employee Morale.

Supervisor’s Responsibilities

Production

Delivery

Cost

Safety

Morale

Anyone who directs the work of others.

Definition of Supervisor

5 Needs of a Supervisor Knowledge of Work Knowledge of

Responsibilities Skill in Leading Skill in Improving Methods Skill in Instruction


Handed off to employees who are good at the job. Often times they are not supervisors.

Told how to do the job. Shown how. Given written directions. Combination of methods above.

How are workers normally trained?

Have you or who ever does your training ever had formal training on how to train?

Who does the training in your organization?


Do workers ever get hurt due to poor or lack of training?

TWI teaches to the positive. “Put hands here.” What else can happen due to poor training.

Safety & Training

• Scrap / Rework• Low Productivity• Frustration• Customer Complaints / Claims


1. Doesn’t Know2. Can’t Do3. Won’t Do4. Doesn’t Care

Evaluating Performance

• TWI provides a tool called Job Relations. Job relations is used to address some of the situations.

• Today we will focus on #1. “Doesn’t Know”


Developed early 1940s. Why? December 7th, 1941. Need for industrial work leaped. Young healthy men were called into military. Huge industry demographic shift in industry.

Women Immigrants Unskilled/uneducated

Based on an 8th grade level education.

TWI – Training Within Industry


WWII ends. US helps to rebuild Japan. TWI utilized to train the Japanese in the

rebuilding effort. “Baby Boom” period: The US abandons TWI

concepts. Same period: Japan embraces concepts and

further evolves to what we know as Lean today.

TWI – Training Within Industry


Whose fault is it if the Learner failed using a telling alone approach?

Telling Alone Challenges Most people don’t get it through telling alone. Things seem complicated when listening to words. We cannot always use the exact words. Many operations are difficult to describe in words. Difficult to know the right amount of information to

give or if it is understood.

Training StrategiesTelling Alone Demonstration


Whose fault is it if the Learner failed using the showing alone approach?

Showing alone challenges. Copying ones motions does not mean that the learner

understands why it should be done in that manner. Many motions are hard to copy. Tricky points are missed. The learner does not know what comes next. It is often difficult to translate what one sees into what

one should do.

Training StrategiesShowing Alone Demonstration


Instructor is late. Rushed. Appropriate time not scheduled. Forgotten or missed key points during the

training. Correct PPE, tools, supplies not ready. Outside distractions.

Training Preparation What could go wrong?


Job Instruction Training Timetable


1. Make a time table Who to train For which work By what date

2. Jobs are broken down prior to training. (A note from you to you)

Important Steps What you do

Key Points How you do it (Note: Safety factors are always Key Points)

Reasons Why you do it that way (Each Key Point)

Job Instruction Preparation


3. Get Everything Ready Equipment, tools, materials and whatever else is

needed to aid instruction4. Arrange the Worksite

In actual working conditions

Job Instruction Preparation


Training using Job Instruction 4 Step Method

Demonstration #3


1. Prepare the Worker Put the person at ease State the job Find out what the person already knows Get the person interested in learning the job Place the person in the correct position

2. Present the Operation Tell, Show, and Illustrate (Exaggerate) one important

step at a time Do it again stressing Key Points Do it again stressing Reasons for each Key Point

Job Instruction Delivery


3. Try Out Performance Have person do job and correct errors Do again and explain Important Steps Do again and explain Key Points Do again and explain Reasons for Key Points

Do not continue until you know they know.4. Follow Up

Put person on their own Designate who person goes to for help Check on person frequently Encourage questions Taper off extra coaching and close follow-up

Job Instruction Delivery


1. Take a piece of ordinary twisted lamp cord.2. Hold it vertically with your left hand, between the thumb and first finger, 6

inches from the end.3. Untwist the loose ends, forming a V.4. Straighten the loose ends between the thumb and first finger of the right

hand.5. Hold the wire at the beginning of the V.6. Take the right-hand loose end with the right hand, making a clock-wise loop,

bringing the loose end across in front of the main strand.7. See that this loop is about 1 inch in diameter and the stub protrudes to the

left of the main strand about 2 inches. Hold the wire at the junction of the loop and the main strand.

8. Take the other loose end with your right hand.9. Make a counter-clockwise loop. To make this loop, pull the loose end toward

you, pass it underneath the stub, behind the main strand.10. Pass the loose end through the right-hand loop, from back to front.11. Hold the ends evenly between the thumb and first finger of the right hand.12. Pull the knot taut.13. Shape the know between the thumb and first finger of the left hand as it is

pulled taut.

Telling: 200+ Words

Operation: Tying the Fire Underwriter’s KnotParts: 10 pieces 2 wire twisted lamp cordTools & Materials: NoneImportant Steps Key Points Reasons1. Untwist and straighten 1. 6 inches 1. Needed for next

operation2. Make right loop 1. Front of main strand 1. Knot will tie

3. Make left loop 1. Pull forward2. Under stub3. Behind main strand

1. Easier2. Knot will tie3. Knot will tie

4. Put end through loop

5. Pull taut 1. Ends even2. Roll loops down3. Firmly

1. Knot will be even2. Knot in correct position3. Knot will not move


Job Breakdown Tying the Fire Underwriter’s Knot

The only appropriate location to make a breakdown is while you do the job. Creating breakdowns from you desk or memory will lead to missed key points.


Less is more. Too much talking does not add value to the training. Exaggerate motions to help reduce words.

Use simple words and remain consistent. (Not the time for your thesaurus)

Limit number of Important Steps & Key Points. (> 6 Important Steps or > 3 Key Points) Consider breaking into 2 if breakdown gets too lengthy.

Effective BreakdownsA note form you to you.


Kevin ParadisValue Stream Manager

Columbia Forest ProductsPresque Isle, Me 04769

(207)764-4428 Ext 3821Cell (207)762-0408

job instruction

Documents

poor training

lack of training

formal training

job relations

exact words

demonstrationwhose fault

industrywhose fault

industrial work