jntuk ece 4-2 sem syllabus book (r10)

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ACADEMIC REGULATIONS

COURSE STRUCTURE

AND

DETAILED SYLLABUS

FOR

B.TECH. FOUR YEAR DEGREE COURSE

(Applicable for batches admitted from 2010-2011)

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA

KAKINADA - 533 003, Andhra Pradesh, India

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING


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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY: KAKINADA

KAKINADA-533003, Andhra Pradesh (India)

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE STRUCTURE

IV YEAR II SEMESTER

S. No. Subject T P Credits

1 Cellular and Mobile Communications 4 - 4

2

Elective – II

Network Security & Cryptography Satellite Communications Digital Control Systems

4 - 4

3

Elective – III

Operating Systems Structured Digital Design Wireless Sensor Networks

4 - 4

4

Elective – IV

Analytical Instrumentation Real Time Operating Systems TV Engineering

4 - 4

5 PROJECT 12

Total 28


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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IV Year B. Tech. Electronics and Communication Engineering – II Sem.

CELLULAR AND MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS

UNIT I CELLULAR MOBILE RADIO SYSTEMS : Introduction to Cellular Mobile System, Performance criteria, uniqueness of mobile radio environment, operation of cellular systems, Hexagonal shaped cells, Analog and Digital Cellular systems. UNIT II ELEMENTS OF CELLULAR RADIO SYSTEM DESIGN : General description of the problem, concept of frequency channels, Co-channel Interference Reduction Factor, desired C/I from a normal case in a omni directional Antenna system, Cell splitting, consideration of the components of Cellular system. UNIT III INTERFERENCE : Introduction to Co-Channel Interference, real time Co-Channel interference, Co-Channel measurement, design of Antenna system, Antenna parameters and their effects, diversity receiver, non-cochannel interference-different types. UNIT IV CELL COVERAGE FOR SIGNAL AND TRAFFIC : Signal reflections in flat and hilly terrain, effect of human made structures, phase difference between direct and reflected paths, constant standard deviation, straight line path loss slope, general formula for mobile propagation over water and flat open area, near and long distance propagation antenna height gain, form of a point to point model. UNIT V CELL SITE AND MOBILE ANTENNAS : Sum and difference patterns and their synthesis, omni directional antennas, directional antennas for interference reduction, space diversity antennas, umbrella pattern antennas, minimum separation of cell site antennas, high gain antennas. UNIT VI FREQUENCY MANAGEMENT AND CHANNEL ASSIGNMENT : Numbering and grouping, setup access and paging channels channel assignments to cell sites and mobile units, channel sharing and borrowing, sectorization, overlaid cells, non fixed channel assignment. UNIT VII Handoff, dropped calls and cell splitting, types of handoff, handoff invitation, delaying handoff, forced handoff, mobile assigned handoff. Intersystem handoff, cell splitting, micro cells, vehicle locating methods, dropped call rates and their evaluation.


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UNIT VIII DIGITAL CELLULAR NETWORKS : GSM architecture, GSM channels, multiplex access scheme , TDMA, CDMA. TEXTBOOKS : 1. Mobile Cellular Telecommunications – W.C.Y. Lee, Tata McGraw Hill, 2rd Edn., 2006. 2. Principles of Mobile Communications – Gordon L. Stuber, Springer International 2nd Edition,

2007. REFERENCES : 1. Wireless Communications - Theodore. S. Rapport, Pearson education, 2nd Edn., 2002. 2. Wireless and Mobile Communications – Lee McGraw Hills, 3rd Edition, 2006. 3. Wireless Communication and Networking – Jon W. Mark and Weihua Zhqung, PHI, 2005. 4. Wireless Communication Technology – R. Blake, Thompson Asia Pvt. Ltd., 2004.

***


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NETWORK SECURITY & CRYPTOGRAPHY (ELECTIVE – II)

UNIT-I: Introduction: Security Attacks, Security Services, Security Mechanisms, and a Model for Network Security, Non-Cryptographic Protocol Vulnerabilities - DoS, DDoS, Session Hijacking and Spoofing, Software Vulnerabilities - Phishing, Buffer Overflow, Format String Attacks, SQL Injection, Basics of Cryptography - Symmetric Cipher Model, Substitution Techniques, Transportation Techniques, Other Cipher Properties - Confusion, Diffusion, Block and Stream Ciphers. UNIT-II: Secret Key Cryptography: Data Encryption Standard(DES), Strength of DES, Block Cipher Design Principles and Modes of Operations, Triple DES, International Data Encryption algorithm, Blowfish, CAST-128, AES UNIT-III Number Theory: Prime and Relatively Prime Numbers, Modular Arithmetic, Fermat’s and Euler’s Theorems, the Chinese Remainder Theorem, Discrete Logarithms. UNIT-IV Public Key Cryptography: Principles of Public Key Cryptosystems, RSA Algorithm, Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange, Introduction to Elliptic Curve Cryptography. UNIT-V: Cryptographic Hash Functions: Applications of Cryptographic Hash Functions, Secure Hash Algorithm, Message Authentication Codes - Message Authentication Requirements and Functions, HMAC, Digital signatures, Digital Signature Schemes, Authentication Protocols, Digital Signature Standards. UNIT-VI: Authentication Applications: Kerberos, Key Management and Distribution, X.509 Directory Authentication service, Public Key Infrastructure, Electronic Mail Security: Pretty Good Privacy, S/MIME. UNIT-VII: IP Security: Overview, Architecture, Authentication Header, Encapsulating Security Payload, Combining security Associations, Internet Key Exchange, Web Security: Web Security Considerations, Secure Sockets Layer and Transport Layer Security, Electronic Payment. UNIT-VIII: System Security: Intruders, Intrusion Detection, Password Management, Malicious Software - Types, Viruses, Virus Countermeasures, Worms, Firewalls - Characteristics, Types of Firewalls, Placement of Firewalls, Firewall Configuration, Trusted systems. Text Books: 1. Cryptography and Network Security: Principles and Practice, 5th Edition, William Stallings,

Pearson Education, 2011. 2. Network Security and Cryptography, Bernard Menezes, Cengage Learning, 2011.


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3. Cryptography and Network, 2nd Edition, Behrouz A. Fourouzan and Debdeep Mukhopadhyay, McGraw-Hill, 2010.

Reference Books: 1. Fundamentals of Network Security by Eric Maiwald (Dreamtech press) 2. Principles of Information Security, Whitman, Thomson. 3. Introduction to Cryptography, Buchmann, Springer. 4. Applied Cryptography, 2nd Edition, Bruce Schneier, Johnwiley & Sons. ***


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SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS (ELECTIVE – II)

UNIT I INTRODUCTION [2] : Origin of Satellite Communications, Historical Back-ground, Basic Concepts of Satellite Communications, Frequency allocations for Satellite Services, Applications, Future Trends of Satellite Communications. UNIT II ORBITAL MECHANICS AND LAUNCHERS[1] : Orbital Mechanics, Look Angle determination, Orbital perturbations, Orbit determination, launches and launch vehicles, Orbital effects in communication systems performance. UNIT III SATELLITE SUBSYSTEMS[1] : Attitude and orbit control system, telemetry, tracking, Command and monitoring, power systems, communication subsystems, Satellite antenna Equipment reliability and Space qualification. UNIT IV SATELLITE LINK DESIGN[1] : Basic transmission theory, system noise temperature and G/T ratio, Design of down links, up link design, Design of satellite links for specified C/N, System design example. UNIT V MULTIPLE ACCESS[1][2] : Frequency division multiple access (FDMA) Intermodulation, Calculation of C/N. Time division Multiple Access (TDMA) Frame structure, Examples. Satellite Switched TDMA Onboard processing, DAMA, Code Division Multiple access (CDMA),Spread spectrum transmission and reception. UNIT VI EARTH STATION TECHNOLOGY[3] : Introduction, Transmitters, Receivers, Antennas, Tracking systems, Terrestrial interface, Primary power test methods. UNIT VII LOW EARTH ORBIT AND GEO-STATIONARY SATELLITE SYSTEMS[1] : Orbit consideration, coverage and frequency considerations, Delay & Throughput considerations, System considerations, Operational NGSO constellation Designs


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UNIT VIII SATELLITE NAVIGATION & THE GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM [1] : Radio and Satellite Navigation, GPS Position Location principles, GPS Receivers and codes, Satellite signal acquisition, GPS Navigation Message, GPS signal levels, GPS receiver operation, GPS C/A code accuracy, Differential GPS. TEXT BOOKS : 1. Satellite Communications – Timothy Pratt, Charles Bostian and Jeremy Allnutt, WSE, Wiley

Publications, 2nd Edition, 2003. 2. Satellite Communications Engineering – Wilbur L. Pritchard, Robert A Nelson and Henri

G.Suyderhoud, 2nd Edition, Pearson Publications, 2003. REFERENCES : 1. Satellite Communications : Design Principles – M. Richharia, BS Publications, 2nd Edition,

2003. 2. Satellite Communication - D.C Agarwal, Khanna Publications, 5th Ed. 3. Fundamentals of Satellite Communications – K.N. Raja Rao, PHI, 2004 4. Satellite Communications – Dennis Roddy, McGraw Hill, 2nd Edition, 1996. ***


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DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS (ELECTIVE - II)

UNIT – I SAMPLING AND RECONSTRUCTION Introduction, Examples of Data control systems – Digital to Analog conversion and Analog to Digital conversion, sample and hold operations. UNIT-II THE Z – TRANSFORMS Introduction, Linear difference equations, pulse response, Z – transforms, Theorems of Z – Transforms, the inverse Z – transforms, Modified Z- Transforms UNIT-III Z-PLANE ANALYSIS OF DISCRETE-TIME CONTROL SYSTEM Z-Transform method for solving difference equations; Pulse transforms function, block diagram analysis of sampled – data systems, mapping between s-plane and z-plane. UNIT – IV STATE SPACE ANALYSIS State Space Representation of discrete time systems, Pulse Transfer Function Matrix solving discrete time state space equations, State transition matrix and it’s Properties, Methods for Computation of State Transition Matrix, Discretization of continuous time state – space equations. UNIT – V CONTROLLABILITY AND OBSERVABILITY Concepts of Controllability and Observability, Tests for controllability and Observability. Duality between Controllability and Observability, Controllability and Observability conditions for Pulse Transfer Function. UNIT – VI STABILITY ANALYSIS Mapping between the S-Plane and the Z-Plane – Primary strips and Complementary Strips – Constant frequency loci, Constant damping ratio loci, Stability Analysis of closed loop systems in the Z-Plane. Jury stablility test – Stability Analysis by use of the Bilinear Transformation and Routh Stability criterion. UNIT – VII DESIGN OF DISCRETE TIME CONTROL SYSTEM BY CONVENTIONAL METHODS Transient and steady – State response Analysis – Design based on the frequency response method – Bilinear Transformation and Design procedure in the w-plane, Lead, Lag and Lead-Lag compensators and digital PID controllers. UNIT – VIII STATE FEEDBACK CONTROLLERS AND OBSERVERS Design of state feedback controller through pole placement – Necessary and sufficient conditions, Ackerman’s formula.State Observers – Full order and Reduced order observers.


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TEXT BOOKS: 1. Discrete-Time Control systems - K. Ogata, Pearson Education/PHI, 2nd Edition 2. Digital Control and State Variable Methods by M.Gopal, TMH REFERENCES: 1. Digital Control Systems, Kuo, Oxford University Press, 2nd Edition, 2003. 2. Digital Control Engineering, M.Gopal ***


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OPERATING SYSTEMS (ELECTIVE - III)

UNIT I Computer System and Operating System Overview; Overview of Computer System hardware – Instruction execution – I/O function – Interrupts – Memory hierarchy – I.O Communication techniques. Operating System Objectives and functions – Evaluation of operating System – Example Systems. UNIT II Process Description – Process Control-process states – Process and Threads - Examples of Process description and Control. UNIT III Concurrency : Principles of Concurrency – Mutual Exclusion – Software and hardware approaches – semaphores – Monitors – Message Passing – Readers Writers Problem. UNIT IV Principles of deadlock – deadlock prevention, detection and avoidance dining philosophers problem – example Systems. UNIT V Memory Management: Memory Management requirements – loading programmes in to main memory – virtual memory – hardware and Control structures – OS Software – Examples of Memory Management. UNIT VI Uniprocessor Scheduling: Types of Scheduling – Scheduling algorithms – I/O management and Disc Scheduling – I/o devices – organization – of I/O function – OS design issues – I/O buffering – Disk I/O – disk scheduling Policies – examples System. UNIT VII File Management and Security: Overview of file management – file organization and access – File Directories – File sharing – record blocking – secondary Storage Management – example system.


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UNIT VIII Security : Security threats – Protection – intruders – Viruses – trusted System. TEXT BOOKS : 1. Operating Systems’ – Internal and Design Principles, Fifth Edition–2005, Pearson

education./PHI 2. Operating System Principles- Abraham Silberchatz, Peter B. Galvin, Greg Gagne,7th Edition

John Wiley REFERENCES : 1. Operating Systems A design approach- Crowley,TMH. 2. Modern Operating Systems, Andrew S Tanenbaum. 2nd Edition, PHI/PEARSON.

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STRUCTURED DIGITAL DESIGN (Elective-III)

UNIT-I: INTRODUCTION TO HDL Design Concepts: The Design process, Design of Digital Hardware, Introduction to Logic Circuits, Introduction to CAD Tools, Introduction to VHDL, Introduction to Digital Design Methodology, Design methodology, Introduction to Verilog. UNIT-II: DIGITAL LOGIC DESIGN USING VHDL Introduction, designing with VHDL, design entry methods, logic synthesis , entities , architecture , packages and configurations, types of models: dataflow , behavioral , structural, signals vs. variables, generics, data types, concurrent vs. sequential statements , loops and program controls. UNIT-III: COMBINATIONAL LOGIC CIRCUIT DESIGN USING VHDL Combinational circuits building blocks: Multiplexers, Decoders , Encoders , Code converters , Arithmetic comparison circuits , VHDL for combinational circuits , Adders-Half Adder, Full Adder, Ripple-Carry Adder, Carry Look-Ahead Adder, Subtraction, Multiplication. UNIT-IV: SEQUENTIAL LOGIC CIRCUIT DESIGN USING VHDL Flip-flops, registers & counters, synchronous sequential circuits: Basic design steps, Mealy State model, Design of FSM using CAD tools, Serial Adder Example, State Minimization, Design of Counter using sequential Circuit approach. UNIT-V: DIGITAL LOGIC CIRCUIT DESIGN USING VERILOG Verilog Data types and Operators, Binary data manipulation, Combinational and Sequential logic design, Structural Models of Combinational Logic, Logic Simulation, Design Verification and Test Methodology, Propagation Delay, Truth Table models of combinational and sequential logic using Verilog, Verilog for combinational circuits. UNIT-VI: DIGITAL LOGIC CIRCUIT DESIGN EXAMPLES USING VERILOG Behavioral modeling , Data types, Boolean-Equation-Based behavioral models of combinational logics , Propagation delay and continuous assignments , latches and level-sensitive circuits in Verilog, Cyclic behavioral models of flip-flops and latches and Edge detection, comparison of styles for behavioral model; Behavioral model, Multiplexers, Encoders and Decoders, Counters, Shift Registers, Register files, Dataflow models of a linear feedback shift register, Machines with multi cycle operations, ASM and ASMD charts for behavioral modeling, Design examples, Keypad scanner and encoder.


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UNIT-VII: SYNTHESIS OF DIGITAL LOGIC CIRCUIT DESIGN Introduction to Synthesis, Synthesis of combinational logic, Synthesis of sequential logic with latches and flip-flops, Synthesis of Explicit and Implicit State Machines, Registers and counters. UNIT-VIII: TESTING OF DIGITAL LOGIC CIRCUITS AND CAD TOOLS Testing of logic circuits, fault model, complexity of a test set, path-sensitization, circuits with tree structure, random tests , testing of sequential circuits, built in self test, printed circuit boards, computer aided design tools, synthesis, physical design. TEXT BOOKS: 1. Stephen Brown & Zvonko Vranesic, ”Fundamentals of Digital logic design with VHDL”, Tata

McGraw Hill,2nd edition. 2. Michael D. Ciletti, “Advanced digital design with the Verilog HDL”, Eastern economy edition,

PHI. REFERENCES: 1. Ian Grout, “Digital systems design with FPGAs and CPLDs”, Elsevier Publications. 2. Stephen Brown & Zvonko Vranesic, ”Fundamentals of Digital logic with Verilog design”,

Tata McGraw Hill,2nd edition. 3. Bhaskar, ”VHDL Primer”,3rd Edition, PHI Publications.

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WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS (ELECTIVE - III)

UNIT I OVERVIEW OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS: Key definitions of sensor networks, Advantages of sensor Networks, Unique constraints an challenges, Driving Applications, Enabling Technologies for Wireless Sensor Networks. UNIT II ARCHITECTURES: Single-Node Architecture - Hardware Components, Energy Consumption of Sensor Nodes, Operating Systems and Execution Environments, Network Architecture -Sensor Network Scenarios, Optimization Goals and Figures of Merit, Gateway Concepts. UNIT III NETWORKING Technologies: Physical Layer and Transceiver Design Considerations, Personal area networks (PANs), hidden node and exposed node problem, Topologies of PANs, MANETs,WANETs. UNIT-IV MAC Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks: Issues in Designing a MAC protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Design goals of a MAC Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Classifications of MAC Protocols, Contention - Based Protocols, Contention - Based Protocols with reservation Mechanisms, Contention – Based MAC Protocols with Scheduling Mechanisms, MAC Protocols that use Directional Antennas, Other MAC Protocols. UNIT-V ROUTING PROTOCOLS: Introduction, Issues in Designing a Routing Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Classification of Routing Protocols, Table –Driven Routing Protocols, On – Demand Routing Protocols, Hybrid Routing Protocols, Routing Protocols with Efficient Flooding Mechanisms, Hierarchical Routing Protocols, Power – Aware Routing Protocols, Proactive Routing UNIT-VI TRANSPORT LAYER AND SECURITY PROTOCOLS: Introduction, Issues in Designing a Transport Layer Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Design Goals of a Transport Layer Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Classification of Transport Layer Solutions, TCP Over Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Other Transport Layer Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks,


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UNIT VII INFRASTRUCTURE ESTABLISHMENT: Topology Control, Clustering, Time Synchronization, Localization and Positioning, Sensor Tasking and Control. SECURITY IN WSNs: Security in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Network Security Requirements, Issues and Challenges in Security Provisioning, Network Security Attacks, Key Management, Secure Routing in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. UNIT-VIII SENSOR NETWORK PLATFORMS AND TOOLS: Sensor Node Hardware – Berkeley Motes, Programming Challenges, Node-level software platforms, Node-level Simulators, State-centric programming. APPLICATIONS of WSN: S Ultra wide band radio communication, Wireless fidelity systems. Future directions, Home automation, smart metering Applications TEXT BOOKS: 1. Ad Hoc Wireless Networks: Architectures and Protocols - C. Siva Ram Murthy and

B.S.Manoj, 2004, PHI 2. Wireless Ad- hoc and Sensor Networks: Protocols, Performance and Control – Jagannathan

Sarangapani, CRC Press 3. Holger Karl & Andreas Willig, “Protocols And Architectures for Wireless Sensor Networks",

John Wiley, 2005. REFERENCES: 1. . Kazem Sohraby, Daniel Minoli, & Taieb Znati, “Wireless Sensor Networks- Technology,

Protocols, and Applications”, John Wiley, 2007. 2. Feng Zhao & Leonidas J. Guibas, “Wireless Sensor Networks- An Information Processing

Approach", Elsevier, 2007. 3. Ad- Hoc Mobile Wireless Networks: Protocols & Systems, C.K. Toh ,1 ed. Pearson

Education. 4. Wireless Sensor Networks - C. S. Raghavendra, Krishna M. Sivalingam, 2004, Springer 5. Wireless Sensor Networks – S Anandamurugan , Lakshmi Publications ***


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ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION (ELECTIVE - IV)

UNIT – I: pH AND CONDUCTIVITY & DISSOLVED COMPONENT ANALYSER Conductivity meters – pH meters – Dissolved oxygen, hydrogen analyzers – Sodium analyzer – Silica analyzer and sampling systems. UNIT – II: GAS ANALYSERS Thermal conductivity types – CO monitor – NOX analyzer – H2S analyzer system and sampling – Industrial analyzer circuits, Theory and problems on Beer – Lamberts Law. UNIT – III: CHROMATOGRAPHY - I Gas chromatography – Liquid chromatography – their principles and applications – UNIT – IV: CHROMATOGRAPHY – II oxygen analyzer – paramagnetic type – detectors and sampling systems. UNIT – V: SPECTROPHOTOMETERS - I UV, VIS Spectrophotometers – Single beam and double beam instruments – Instrumentation associated with the above Spectrophotometers – Sources and detectors – Sources and detectors for IR Spectrophotometers. UNIT – VI: SPECTROPHOTOMETERS - II FT IR Spectrometer – Flame emission and atomic absorption Spectrophotometer – Atomic emission Spectrophotometer - sources for Flame Photometers and online calorific value measurements. UNIT – VII: PRINCIPLE OF NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE Instrumentation associated with NMR Spectrophotometer – Introduction to mass spectrophotometers , Principle and brief discussion on ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE (ESR.) UNIT – VIII: APPLICATIONS Nuclear radiation detectors – Ionization chamber – GM Counter – Proportional Counter – Solid state detectors. TEXT BOOK: 1. Handbook of Analytical Instruments – by Khandpur. TMH REFERENCES: 1. Instrumental Methods of Analysis – by Willard H.H., Merrit L.L., Dean J.A.. and Seattle F.L.,

CBS Publishing and Distributors, 6/e, 1995. 2. Instrument Technology – by Jones B.E., Butterworth Scientific Publ., London, 1987.


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3. Mechanical and Industrial Measurements – by Jain R.K., Khanna Publishing, New Delhi, 2/e, 1992.

4. Principles of Instrumental Analysis – by Skoog D.A. and West D.M., Holt Sounder Publication, Philadelphia, 1985.

5. Instrumental Analysis – by Mann C.K., Vickerks T.J. & Gullick W.H., Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1974.

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REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEMS (Elective-IV)

UNIT-I: INTRODUCTION TO REAL-TIME OPERATING SYSTEM OS Services, Process Management, Timer Functions, Event Functions, Memory Management, Device, File and IO Systems Management, Interrupt Routines in RTOS Environment and Handling of Interrupt Source Calls, Real-Time Operating Systems, Basic Design Using an RTOS, RTOS Task Scheduling Models, Interrupt Latency and Response of the Tasks as Performance Metrics, OS Security Issues. UNIT-II: REAL-TIME OPERATING SYSTEM PROGRAMMING-I Basic Functions and Types of RTOS for Embedded Systems, RTOS mCOS-II, RTOS Vx Works, Programming concepts of above RTOS with relevant Examples. UNIT-III: REAL-TIME OPERATING SYSTEM PROGRAMMING-II Programming concepts of RTOS Windows CE, RTOS OSEK, RTOS Linux 2.6.x and RTOS RT Linux. UNIT-IV: DESIGN EXAMPLES AND CASE STUDIES OF PROGRAM MODELING WITH RTOS-I Case study of embedded system design and coding for an Automatic Chocolate Vending Machine (ACVM) Using Mucos RTOS, case study of digital camera hardware and software architecture, case study of coding for sending application layer byte streams on a TCP/IP Network Using RTOS Vx Works. UNIT-V: DESIGN EXAMPLES AND CASE STUDIES OF PROGRAM MODELING WITH RTOS-II Case Study of Communication, Orchestra, Robots, Embedded System in Automobile, Case Study of Embedded System for an Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) System in Car, Case Study of Embedded System for a Smart Card, Case Study of Embedded System of Mobile Phone Software for Key Inputs. UNIT-VI: TARGET IMAGE CREATION Off-The-Shelf Operating Systems, Operating System Software, Target Image Creation for Window XP Embedded, Porting RTOS on a Micro Controller based Development Board. UNIT-VII: PROGRAMMING IN LINUX Overview and programming concepts of Unix/Linux Programming, Shell Programming, System Programming.


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UNIT-VIII: PROGRAMMING IN RTLINUX Overview of RT Linux, Core RT Linux API, Program to display a message periodically, semaphore management, Mutex, Management, Case Study of Appliance Control by RT Linux System. TEXT BOOKS: 1. Dr. K.V.K.K. Prasad: “Embedded/Real-Time Systems” Dream Tech Publications, Black pad

book. 2. Rajkamal: “Embedded Systems-Architecture, Programming and Design”, Tata McGraw Hill

Publications, Second Edition, 2008. REFERENCES: 1. Labrosse, “Embedding system building blocks “, CMP publishers. 2. Rob Williams,” Real time Systems Development”, Butterworth Heinemann Publications.

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TELEVISION ENGINEERING (ELECTIVE – IV)

UNIT I INTRODUCTION : TV transmitter and receivers, synchronization. Television Pictures: Geometric form and aspect ratio, image continuity, interlaced scanning, picture resolution, Composite video signal: Horizontal and vertical sync, scanning sequence. Colour signal generation and Encoding: Perception of brightness and colours, additive colour mixing, video signals for colours, luminance signal, colour difference signals, encoding of colour difference signals, formation of chrominance signals, PAL encoder. UNIT II TV SIGNAL TRANSMISSION AND PROPAGATION : Picture signal transmission, positive and negative modulation, VSB transmission, sound signal transmission, standard channel BW, TV transmitter, TV signal propagation, interference, TV broadcast channels, TV transmission Antennas. UNIT III TV CAMERAS : Camera tube types, Vidicon, Silicon Diode Array Vidicon, Monochrome TV camera, color camera. CCD Image Sensors. UNIT IV PICTURE TUBES : Monochromatic Picture tube, Electrostatic focussing, Beam deflection, picture tube characteristics and specifications, colour picture tubes. TV Standards: American 525 line B&W TV system, NTSC colour system, 625-line monochrome system,b PAL colour system, TV standards. UNIT V MONOCHROME TV RECEIVER : RF tuner, IF subsystem, video amplifier, sound section, sync separation and processing, deflection circuits, scanning circuits. PAL-D Colour Receiver: Electron tuners, IF subsystem, Y-signal channel, Chroma decoder, Separation of U & V Colour Phasors, synchronous demodulators, Subcarrier generation, raster circuits. UNIT VI VISION IF SUBSYSTEM : AGC, noise cancellation, video and intercarrier sound signal detection, vision IF subsystem of Black and White receivers, Colour receiver IF subsystem. Receiver sound system: FM detection, FM Sound detectors, typical applications. TV Receiver Tuners: Tuner operation, VHF and UHF tuners, digital tuning techniques, remote control of receiver functions.


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UNIT VII COLOUR SIGNAL DECODING : PAL – D decoder, chroma signal amplifiers, separation of U and V signals, Color burst separation, Burst phase discriminator, ACC amplifier, Reference oscillator, Indent and colour killer circuits, RO phase shift and 180o PAL–SWITCH circuitry, U & V demodulators, Colour signal mixing. UNIT VIII SYNC SEPARATION, AFC AND DEFLECTION OSCILLATORS : Synchronous separation, k noise in sync pulses, separation of frame and line sync pulses. AFC, single ended AFC circuit. Deflection Oscillators, deflection drive Ics. Receiver Antennas. DIGITAL TV Digital Satellite TV, Direct to Home Satellite TV, Digital TV Receiver, Digital Terrestrial TV. TEST BOOKS : 1. Modern Television Practice – Principles, Technology and Service – R.R. Gulati, New Age

International Publication, 2002. 2. Television and Video Engineering - A.M. Dhake, 2nd Edition 3. Monochrome and Colour TV – R.R. Gulati, New Age International Publication, 2002. REFERENCES : 1. Colour Television Theory and Practice – S.P. Bali, TMH, 1994. 2. Basic Television and Video Systems – B. Grob and C.E. Herndon, McGraw Hill, 1999.

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jntuk ece 4-2 sem syllabus book (r10)

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