jif{ $# )^( a }zfv april/may 2012 c+s ( lh= sf= b= g ... · pb\3f6g efif0f / ;dlifftds ;daf...

$: jif{ $# )^( a }zfv April/May 2012 c+s ( lh= sf= b= g ... · pb\3f6g efif0f / ;dLIffTds ;Daf ]wgsf;fy} cGo yk ;fdu |L leqL k[i7x?df dxflwj]zgsf cj;/df lgsflnPsf ] ljzfn ¥ofnL M ¥ofnL$
/]8qm; dfl;sa}zfv @)^( 1

jif{ $# )^( a}zfv April/May 2012 c+s ( lh= sf= b= g+= !÷)#(—$)

/]8qm;;dfrf/k|wfg dfl;s klqsf

s]Gb|Lo ;efsf] $! cf}+ dxflwj]zg ag]kfdf ;DkGgsfe|] . g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6Lsf] s]Gb|Lo

;efsf] $! cf}+ dxflwj]zg sfe|] lhNnf zfvfsf]cfltYotfdf a}zfv !& / !* ut] sfe|]sf] ag]kfdf;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

pQm dxflwj]zgsf] g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6LsfcWoIf ;~hLj yfkfn] Ps ljz]if ;df/f]xsf aLrpb\3f6g ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

pb\3f6g ;df/f]xnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ cWoIfyfkfn] g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6Lsf ;]jf /ljsf;d"ns ultljlwx?af6 ut cfly{s jif{df@@ nfv *! xhf/ ̂ ;o JolQm nfeflGjt ePsf]atfpg'eof] .

pxfFn] g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L cGtu{tsf ̂xhf/ * ;o () OsfO{x?df !) nfv !$ xhf/% ;o $) ;b:ox? cfj4 /x]sf] / oLdWo]s/La ! nfv :jo+;]jsx? b]zJofkL ?kdf dfgjLosfo{df ;+nUg /x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fpg'eof] .

/]8qm;sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;ldlt -cfO;Lcf/;L_ / g]kfn /]8qm;aLrsf] ;xsfo{dfly k|sfzkfb}{ ;ldltsL g]kfn k|d'v l;NeL yf]/fnn] b'O{;+:yfaLrsf] ;fem]bf/L ;+;f/e/d} pbfx/0fLo ePsf]dfuf}/j nfu]sf] atfpg'eof] .

/]8qm;sf] cGt/f{li6«o dxf;+3sf g]kfnk|ltlglw leS6f]l/of a]gf]gn] g]kfn /]8qm;, o;sf:jo+;]js / sd{rf/Lx?sf] lg/Gt/sf] k|ltj4tf/ nufjn] g} g]kfn /]8qm; cfhsf] ;'b[9 cj:yfdfk'u]sf] atfpg'eof] .

sfo{qmddf cfkm\gf] dGtJo /fVb} sfe|]sf k|d'vlhNnf clwsf/L ?b|gfy a:ofnn] g]kfn/]8qm;n] b]]zsf s'gf–s'gf;Dd k'u]/ dfgjLo;]jf k|bfg u/]sf] / o;af6 /fli6«o ljsf;sfultljlwx?df 6]jf k'u]sf] atfpg'eof] .

/]8qm; sfe|] zfvfsf ;efklt Zofd;'Gb/>]i7n] ;dfhdf /]8qm;k|ltsf] a9\bf] hgljZjf;/ cfsif{0f;Fu;Fu} r'gf}tLx? klg ylkb} uPsf];Gbe{df dxflwj]zgn] ;d'bfosf] dfunfO{ cemk|efjsf/L ?kdf ;Daf]wg ug{ ;sf];\ eGg] sfdgfug'{eof] . pxfFn] dxflwj]zg cfof]hgf ug{ ;xof]uk'¥ofpg] ;+3, ;+:Yff / dxfg'efjx?k|lt wGojfb1fkg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

sfo{qmddf laleGg k|d'v /fhgLlts bn /;fdflhs ;+3 ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx?n] dxflwj]zgsf];kmntfsf] sfdgf ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

zfvfsf sf ] i ffWoIf dx ]Zj/ h+Ëd\n ]dxflwj]zgdf pkl:yt k|ltlglwx?nfO{ :jfutug'{ePsf] lyof] . pb\3f6g sfo{qmd zfvfsf dGqLljZjgfy tfd|fsf/n] ;~rfng ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

dxflwj]zgn] ;d;fdlos ljifosf * a'Fb]l;kmfl/;x? kfl/t u/]sf] 5 .

h;df /]8qm;sf] /Qm ;~rf/ ;]jfsf] lj:tf/

/ u'0f:t/ a[l4 ug]{, cfwf/e"t :jf:Yo ;]jfsf]cefj ePsf If]qx?df :jf:Yo / ;/;kmfOsfultljlwx? ;~rfng ug ] { , / ]8qm;sfpkzfvfx?sf] ljsf; / lj:tf/sf nflu;zlQms/0fsf ultljlwx? ;~rfng ug]{ / @)&);fndf g]kfn /]8qm;sf] :j0f{hoGtL jif{ kg]{ePsf]n] ;f]sf nflu sfo{ of]hgf / tof/L z'?ug] { nufotsf ljifox?df dxflwj]zgn]l;kmfl/; u/]sf] 5 .

dxflwj]zgdf ljleGg &# lhNnfaf6 cfPsf@&% hgf k|ltlglw, ko{j]Ifs, /]8qm;sf]cGt/f{li6«o lgsfosf k|ltlglw / :jo+;]jsx?u/L $)) hgfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

aflif{s sfo{qmd / ah]6 kfl/t

s]Gb|Lo dxflwj]zgn] dxfdGqL b]j/TgwfVjfåf/f k|:t't cfly{s jif{ @)^&÷^* sf] jflif{sk|ult k|ltj]bg / @)^(÷&) sf] k|:tfljt sfo{qmd/ ;f]xL cjlwsf nflu sf]iffWoIf eQm vjf;åf/fk|:t't cfly{s k|ltj]bg / k|:tfljt ah]65nkmnkZrft\ kfl/t u/]sf] 5 .

dxfdGqL wfVjfn] k|ltj]bg k|:t't ub}{ g]kfn/]8qm;sf] ;+u7g ljsf;, hgzlQm Joj:yfkg,ljkb\ Joj:yfkg, :jf:Yo ;]jf, /Qm ;~rf/,dfgjLo d"Nosf] k|j4{g, h'lgo/ o'jf / ;fd'bflos

ljsf; ultljlwx?df ePsf] k|ultsf af/]dfhfgsf/L u/fpg'ePsf] lyof] . pxfFn] :jo+;]jsx?n]k|bfg u/]sf] ;do, ;Lk / of]ubfgsf] ;Ddfg ug]{p2]Zon] pgLx?sf] ;'/Iff, ;Ddfg / k|a4{gdf;xof]u k'¥ofpg] vfnsf ultljlwx? ;~rfngePsf] atfpg'eof] .

dxf lwj ]zgn ] cfufdL cf ly {s jif {@)^(÷&) df ;~rfng ul/g] g]kfn /]8qm;sf;fwf/0f / ljsf;d"ns ultljlwx?sf nflusf]iffWoIf vjf;åf/f k|:tfljt ?= *) s/f]8sf]ah]6 kfl/t u/]sf] 5 . ah]6df ;fwf/0ftkm{ ?=!% s/f]8 / ljsf;tkm{ ?= ^% s/f]8 5'6\ofOPsf]5 .

k|ltj]bg k|:t't ug]{ qmddf sf]iffWoIf vjf;n]g]kfn /]8qm;n] cfsl:ds ljkb\sf a]nfcfGtl/s ?kdf dfq geO{ cGt/f{li6«o ?kdf ;d]t;xof]u k'¥ofPsf] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn]] hfkfgdfe"sDksf] sf/0f cfPsf] ;'gfdLaf6 k|efljtx?sf]nflu ;+slnt s/La ## nfv /]8qm;sf]cGt/f{li6«o dxf;+3dfkm{t\ hfkfgL /]8qm;nfO{pknAw u/fOPsf] hfgsf/L u/fpg'eof] .

dxflwj]zgdf cWoIf yfkfn] ug'{ePsf]pb\3f6g efif0f / ;dLIffTds ;Daf]wgsf;fy} cGo yk ;fdu|L leqL k[i7x?df

dxflwj]zgsf cj;/df lgsflnPsf] ljzfn ¥ofnL M ¥ofnL ag]kf gu/kflnsfsf] laleGg efusf]kl/qmdf ub}{ dlxwj]zg:yn k~rsGof j]GSj]6 k'uL ;efdf kl/0ft ePsf] lyof] .

/]8qm; dfl;s a}zfv @)^(2

;DkfbsLo

;Dkfbs M b]j/Tg wfVjfsfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs M OGb|k|;fb clwsf/L;xfos ;Dkfbs M g/]Gb| >]i7

cfunfuL, jf9Lh:tf ljkt\sf ;fy} d'n'sdf;do;dodf x'g] k|bz{g, aGb, x8tfn, cflbaf6 pTkGgc;xh / cfsl:ds kl/l:yltx?df g]kfn /]8qm;;f];fO6Ln] kLl8tx?nfO{ ljgfe]befj ;]jf k'¥ofpFb}cfPsf] tYo ;a}sf] ;fd" 5 .

o:tf ;dodf /]8qm;sf ;]jf k|efjsf/L ?kdf nlIft\;d"x;Dd k'¥ofpg lgjf{w ;]jf ;~rfng x'g' cTofjZos5 . o:tf ;dodf kl/rfng ul/g] /]8qm;sf k|fyldspkrf/ 6f]nLx?, ;fdu|L Joj:yfkg 6f]nL, ;]jfdfvl6Psf :jo+;]js tyf sd{rf/Lx?sf] kl/rfng //]8qm; lrGx c+lst jfxgx¿ tyf PDa'n]G;sf] cfjfudg;bf em}+ lgjf{w ?kdf ;~rfng x'g lbg] sfo{df ;xof]uk'¥ofpg /fhgLlts bn jf ;d"x, ;/sf/, gful/s;dfh nufot ;DalGwt ;a} lgsfox? tyf ;j{;fw/0fsf]lhDd]jf/L xf] .

cfsl:ds ;dodf /]8qm;sf lhNnf zfvf tyfpkzfvfx?af6 k|fylds pkrf/, PDa'n]G; ;]jf, /fxt;fdu|L ljt/0f, /Qm ;~rf/ nufot cGo dfgjLo;]jfx? k|bfg eO{/x]sf] x'G5 . ;]jf sfo{df ;+nUg /xg]/]8qm;sf ;jf/L ;fwg, ;fdu|L, pks/0f, ejg / ;]jf:ynx?df /]8qm; lrGx clÍt ul/Psf] x'G5 . ;]jfdfvl6Psf / Joj:yfkgdf nfu]sf /]8qm;sdL{x?n] ;fydfcfk\mgf kl/ro kq af]s]sf x'G5g\ . o:tf cfsl:dskl/l:yltdf vl6Psf JolQm / ;jf/L ;fwgx?nfO{ lgjf{w;]jf ;~rfngdf ;a} kIfaf6 ;Sbf ] ;xof ]uck]lIft 5 .

uhn

olb ltdL e"nnfO{ /f]Sgsf nflu 9f]sf aGb ul/lbG5f}+ eg];To klg aflx/} kg]{5 . – /jLGb|gfy 7fs'/

h'gls/L tadfq rDsG5 ha kv]6f lkmFhfP/ p8\b5;To:t} xfd|f] lbdfu xf] . xfdL r"k nfuL a:bf xfdLcFWof/f]df x'G5f}+ – a]nL.

zfZjt af0fL

dxflwj]zgsf cj;/df ljleGg ljwfsfk'/:sf/x? k|bfg

aflif{s sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgsf cfwf/df s]Gb|Lo:t/af6dxflwa]zgsf cj;/df ljleGg ljwfdf k'/:sf/x¿ k|bfg ug]{ k|rngcg';f/ /]8qm;sf lgsfo tyf dxfg'efjx¿nfO{ k'/:sf/x¿ k|bfgul/Psf] 5 .

/fli6«o :t/df pTs[i6 bz lhNnf zfvfx?dWo] sf:sL, eQmk'/ /afFs] qmdzM k|yd, låtLo / t[tLo ePsf 5g\ . pTs[i6 b;dWo] cGo;ft lhNnf zfvfx¿df kfFry/, lrtjg, l;Gw'nL, k;f{, alb{of, :ofËhf,tgx'F, bf]nvf / ?kGb]xL /x]sf 5g\ . /fli6«o :t/df pTs[i6 tLg lhNnfzfvfx?nfO{ gub tyf lzN8 / k|df0fkq k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .

o:t} If]qLo :t/df k"jf{~rnaf6 kfFry/, dWodf~rnaf6 l;Gw'nL,klZrdf~rnaf6 tgx'F / :ofËhf, dWoklZrdf~rnaf6 alb{of / ;'b"/klZrdf~rnaf6 88]Nw'/f lhNnf zfvf pTs[i6 ePsf 5g\ . clwj]zgsfcj;/df oL lhNnf zfvfx?nfO{ k|df0fkq k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .

o:t} b'u{d If]qdf d':tfË lhNnf zfvf pTs[i6 ePsf] 5 . dlxnf;xeflutf j[l4 k|f]T;fxg k'/:sf/ sf:sL, kfFry/ / eQmk'/ lhNnfzfvfn] kfPsf 5g\ . afFs] lhNnf zfvfn] cfkbf k|jGwg k'/:sf/ k|fKtu/]sf] 5 .

:joDe"nfn :d[lt k'/:sf/ kfpg]df h'lgo/ ;s{ntkm{ >L hgk|LopRr dfWolds ljBfno, sf:sL, >L dx]Gb| p=df=lj= sf:sL / >Lls;fg df=lj= ags6\6L, augfxf alb{of qmdzM k|yd, låtLo / t[tLoePsf 5g\ . o'jf ;s{ntkm{ j?0f ax'd'vL SofDk; vfFbaf/L, ;+v'jf;efn]k'/:sf/ k|fKt u/]sf] 5 .

o; jif{sf] pTs[i6 sd{rf/L ;]jf k'/:sf/ ;fd'bflos ljsf;kl/of]hgf jfun'Ëdf sfo{/t u+ufaxfb'/ >L;n] kfpg'eof] . pxfFnfO{!) xhf/ gub tyf k|df0f kq k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .

o;} u/L dxflwj]zgsf cj;/df laleGg lhNnf zfvfx?af6l;kmfl/; eO cfPsf ̂ $ hgfnfO{ g]kfn /]8qm;sf] oz:s/ ;b:otf /!%) hgf dxfg'efjx?nfO{ ljlzi6 ;b:otfsf] k|df0fkq k|bfg ul/of] .

/]8qm; / oltaLr ;xof]u ;+emf}tf

sf7df8f}+, h]7 . /]8qm;åf/f ;~rfng ul/g] dfgjLo ultljlwx?nfO{;xof]u k'/\ofpg g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L / olt Po/nfOG;aLr Ps;Demf}tf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

;Demf}tf cg';f/ olt Po/nfOG;af6 ofqf ug]{ k|To]s ofq'af6 !?k}+of g]kfn /]8qm;nfO{ k|bfg ug]{ ePsf] 5 .

olt Po/nfOG;sf tkm{af6 Jofkf/ tyf ahf/ lgb]{zs k|lbkljqmd zfx / g]kfn /]8qm;sf tkm{af6 dxfdGqL b]j/Tg wfVjfn]x:tfIf/ ug'{ePsf] ;f] ;Demf}tf ;g\ @)!@ sf] clk|nb]lv nfu" x'g]5 .o;/L ;+slnt sf]ifsf] /sd g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6Lsf] 5}6f] ljsf;of]hgfn] k|fyldstf lbPsf] If]qdf vr{ ul/g]5 . olt cfGtl/s ?kdfb]zsf laleGg :yfgdf p8fg eb}{ cfPsf] nf]sk|Lo Po/nfOG; xf] .

/]8qm; lrGx c+lst /]8qm;sf PDa'n]G;nufot cTofjZosLo dfgjLo ;]jfdf vl6Psf

:jo+;]js tyf ;jf/L ;fwgsf] lgjf{wcfjthfjtdf ;xof]u k'¥ofcf}+,

dfgjhLjgsf] /Iff u/f}+ .

dfgjLo ;]jfdf ;xof]u


$!cf}+ dxflwj]zg ;d'b\3f6g ;df/f]xsf;efklt dxf]bo, /]8qm;sf] cGt/fli6«o ;ldltsfk|ltlglwHo", /]8qm;sf] cGt/f{li6«o dxf;+3sfk|ltlglwHo", ;fem]bf/ ;f];fO6Lsf k|ltlglwx¿,cfdlGqt ljlzi6 cltlyu0f, h'lgo/÷o'jf:jo+;]js efOjlxgLx¿, kqsf/ aGw'x¿, /]8qm;;xsdL{ Pj+ ;ef;b\ ldqx¿, d ;a{k|yd gjaif{ @)^( ;fnsf] pknIodf xflb{s d+undoz'esfdgf AoQm ub{5' . cfhsf] o; ;'gf}nf]laxfgLdf sfe|]sf] ag]kfdf xfdL gaLg ;f]r,gofFpdË / yk phf{sf ;fy b]ze/Laf6 oxfFpkl:yt ePsf 5f}+ . o; cj;/df d oxfFx?;a}nfO{ xflb{s :jfut clejfbg ;d]t ub{5' .

g]kfn /]8qm;sf] ;jf]{Rr lgsfosf] ?kdf/x]sf] o; dxflwa]zgdf ;+:yfsf] a}wflgsbfloTjx¿ k"/f ug]{ ;Gbe{df cfh xfdL o;;'Gb/ gu/Ldf pkl:yt ePsf 5f}+ . ;+:yfutlasf;sf nflu ul/g] lg0f{o / k|fKt x'g] lbzflgb]{zsf sf/0f dxflwa]zg cToGt} dxTjk"0f{x'g] ub{5 . g]kfn /]8qm; ;+u7gfTds Pj+:jo+;]js ;+hfn / dfgjLo ultljlwsf lx;fjn]b]zsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] dfgjLo ;+:yf aGg k'u]sf]5 . /fli6«o Pj+ cGt/f{li6«o:t/df cfOk/]sf;+s6df dfgjLo ;]jf k|bfg ug{sf nflu bIf /k|lta4 /]8qm;sdL{sf] pknAwtf b]ze/ x'g;Sg' xfdL ;a}sf nflu uj{sf] laifo xf] . xfd|f;+:yfut pknlAwx¿nfO{ cem la:t[t /k|efjsf/L agfpgsf nflu o; dxflwj]zgn]dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{o ug]{ s'/fdf xfdL ;a} laZj:t5f}+ . g]kfn /]8qm;sf ;]jf / ultljlwx¿dfdfgjtfsf] zlQmsf] k|efjsf/L kl/rfngsfdfWodaf6 pNn]vgLo cg'ejx¿ a6'Nb} xfdLoxfF;Dd cfOk'u]sf 5f}+ . lautdf e}m o;dxflwj]zgdf klg xfdL g]kfn /]8qm;sf]a}wflgs Aoj:yf cg'¿k laut, at{dfg /eljioaf/] ulDe/tfk"j{s larf/ ladz{ ug]{ g}5f}+ .

lautsf aif{df g]kfn /]8qm;af6 k|ltkflbtgLlt / ;Dkflbt sfo{qmd Pj+ ultljlwx¿sf]k|ult, d"Nof+sg tyf aflif{s cfoJoo ;dLIffb]lvcfufdL aif{x¿sf nflu /0fgLlts ;afnx¿sf]laZn]if0f, sfo{qmd Pj+ ah]6 th'{df ug'{sf ;fy};+:yfnfO{ lbzf lgb]{z ug]{ ;Gbe{df klgdxflwj]zgsf] cToGt} 7"nf] pkfb]otf /x]sf]5 . ;+:yfsf] dfgjLo :j¿k / o;sf] lgZkIfrl/qnfO{ cfTd;ft ub}{ g]kfn /]8qm;sf] 5ljnfO{pRr tyf dof{bLt agfpg ;+:yfut gLlt, ljlw/ k4ltsf] k"0f{kfng tyf sfof{Gjog ug]{

u/fpg]tkm{ ;femf k|ltj4tf Pj+ ;fd"lxs c7f]6JoQm ug]{ cj;/ klg dxflwj]z g} xf] . o;df}sfnfO{ xfdLn] lautdf em} k"0f{ ?kn] ;kmnagfpg ;Sg] 5f}+ eGg] s'/fdf d ljZj:t 5' .

g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6Ln] ;b}a ;+s6f;Ggtfcj:yfdf /x]sf ;d'bfosf nflu ;w}+ ;]jf k'¥ofpg];+:yfsf] ¿kdf cfˆgf] lalzi6 klxrfg sfod ub}{cfPsf] 5 .

o; cjlwdf ;+:yfsf] ;du| pknlAwpT;fxhgs /x ]sf ] , gof F cjwf/0 f fdfs/fo{qmdx?sf] lasf; Pj+ sfof{Gjog ul/+b} cfPsf]Aoxf]/f oxfFx? ;dIf pNn]v ug{ kfpFbf d Hofb}uf}/jflGjt 5' . ;+:yfut pknlAw;Fu;Fu}+ xfd|f;fd' ;+u7gfTds ;+hfndf x/]s aif{ ePsf] a9f]Q/L/ ltgLx?sf] k|efjsfl/tf a[l4sf nflu ;|f]tnufotsf If]qdf r'gf}tL klg /x]sf 5g\ . o;} u/LxfdL ;a}sf cufl8 r'gf}tLsf ¿kdf /x]sfzx/Ls/0f,cAojl:yt a;fO{+ ;/fO{, jftfj/0f x|f;,hnjfo' kl/jt{g, k|sf]k, s'kf]if0f / ef]sd/Lsf];d:of ;d'bfodf a9\bf] ¿kdf b]lvPsf] 5 . o;k|sf/sf ;d:ofx¿ nufotsf laifox?sf] ;Daf]wgubf{ laz]if ?kdf Wofg lbg' kg]{ b]lvG5 .

;+:yfsf ^ xhf/eGbf a9L ;f+u7lgs;~hfnx¿, ;+:yf;Fu cfj4 !) nfv eGbf a9L;b:o / em08} () xhf/ laz]if?kdf k|lzlIft:jo+;]jsx¿ dfgjLo ;]jfsf ultljlwx¿df ;b}jlqmofzLn x'Fb} cfPsf 5g\ . o;}u/L /fli6«o:t/df;~rflnt dfgjLo ;]jf;Fu ;DalGwt ultlalwx¿,;]jfsf] ljljlws/0f, sfo{qmddf la:tf/ nufotgLltut Aoj:yf, lg0f{o Pj+ lalalw sfo{qmdx¿sf]dfWodaf6 o; k|ltj]bg cjlwdf dfq g]kfn/]8qm; ;f];fO6Ln] cfkm\gf ;~hfndfkm{t @@ nfv*! xhf/ % ;o *@ hg;+VofnfO{ dfgjLo ;]jfk'¥ofPsf] k|z+u pNn]vgLo 5 . g]kfn /]8qm;af6;+rflnt pNn]vgLo ;]jf Pj+ lasf;d'nssfo{x¿nfO{ yk k|efjsf/L agfpgsf nflu xfdLlg/Gt/¿kdf lqmofzLn /xFb} cfPsf 5f}+ .

o; cjlwdf g]kfn /]8qm;af6 ;+rfngul/Psf ultljlwx¿sf dfWodaf6 k|fKt oLpknlAwx¿ oxfFx?dfem kl:sg kfpFbf xfdL;a}nfO{ uf}/jsf] cg'e"lt x'g' :jfefljs} xf] . k|fKtpknlAwx¿ ;Dk"0f { / ]8qm;sdL{, ;/sf/L,u}/;/sf/L / ;fem]bf/ lgsfox¿ nufot ;a}sf]cys k|of;af6 dfq ;Dej ePsf] 5 . g]kfn/]8qm;sf pknlAwx¿nfO{ yk ;'b[9 / ;+:yfutu/L ;+u7g Pj+ sfo{qmdsf] ;+hfnnfO{ ce}m r':t,b'¿:t / k|efjsf/L ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf xfdL ;a}n]

dxz'z u/]s} laifo xf] . ;d'bfosf] cfjZostf/ pknAw ;|f]t ;fwgsf] plrt k|of]uaf6/]8qm;sf cfwf/e"t l;4fGtx¿df k|ltj4 eO{dfgjLo kL8f sd ug{ xfdL ;a} ;b}a lg/Gt/?kdf k|oTgzLn /xb}+ cfPsf 5f} . dfgjtfsf]zlQmnfO{ yk kl/rfng u/L cem w]/} /fd|f] ;zQm/ ultzLn 9+Ën] sfo{qmd / ultljlwx?nfO{la:tf/ ug{ xfdL ;b}a k|lta4 5f}+ .

cGtdf,

o; dxflwj]zgsf] cfof]hs zfvfsf]cfltYo, :jo+;]jsx¿sf] of]ubfg / cGo ;xof]uLlgsfox¿af6 k|fKt ;xof]usf nflu d xflb{scfef/ AoQm ub{5' . o;} u/L g]kfn /]8qm;nfO{;xof]u k'¥ofpg] ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L, /fli6«otyf cGt/f{li6«o ;a} lgsfo tyf dxfg'efjx¿sf];xof]usf] :d/0f ub}{ ;a}k|lt xflb{s wGojfbAoQm ub{5' . g]kfn /]8qm;nfO{ cfhsf] o; ;jnl:yltdf Nofpg of]ubfg ug'{x'g] cfd hg;d'bfo/ / ]8qm;sdL { ;Dk "0f { ldqx¿df $!cf } +dxflwj]zgsf cj;/df xflb{s wGojfb;d]t JoQmub{5' .

o;}u/L ;df/f]xdf pkl:yt eO{ zf]efa9fOlbg' x'g] ljleGg If]qaf6 kfNg' ePsf ljlzi6cltlyx¿,;ef;b\ ldqx? / dxflwj]zgsf]cfltYo k|bfg ug]{ sfe|] zfvfsf ;fyLx¿, ;du|:jo+;]jsx¿, ;~rf/sdL{x¿ Pj+ cGo ;a};xof]uLx¿k|lt xflb{s s[t1tf 1fkg ub{5' /;bf em } o; dxflwa]zg /rgfTds Pj+pknlAwd"ns 9+Ën] ;kmn x'g] s'/fdf d k"0f{?kdflaZj:t 5' .

ho /]8qm; .

sfe|], @)^( a}zfv !& ut]sfe|], @)^( a}zfv !& ut]sfe|], @)^( a}zfv !& ut]sfe|], @)^( a}zfv !& ut]sfe|], @)^( a}zfv !& ut]

s]Gb|Lo ;efsf] $! cf}+ dxflwj]zgsf cj;/df cWoIf yfkfn];d'b\3f6g ;df/f]xdf ug'{ePsf] ;Daf]wgsf] k"0f{ kf7


Joj:yfkg ug]{ ;Lk / Ifdtf clej[l4 u/]sf] 5 – Zofd;'Gb/ >]i7g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6Lsf] s]Gb|Lo ;efsf] $! cf}+dxflwj]zgsf] cfltYotf ug]{ /]8qm; sfe|] zfvfsf;efklt Zofd;'Gb/ >]i7;Fu dxflwj]zg Joj:yfkgsfljljw kIfdf g/]Gb| >]i7n] ug'{ePsf] s'/fsfgLsf];f/ ;+If]k M

$! cf} + dxflwj]zg sfe| ] lhNnf zfvfsf]cfltYotfdf eJotfsf ;fy ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .o;sf] Joj:yfkg s;/L ug'{eof] <

d"ntM dxflwjz]gnfO{ eJo ?kdf ;Dkg ug{@)! ;b:oLo d"n ;ldlt u7g u¥of}+ . h;sf]d cfkm}+ ;+of]hs lyPF . d"ntM dxflwj]zgnfO{Joj:yfkg ug{ rflxg] cfjf; / vfgfsf]Joj:yfkg, :jo+;]js kl/rfng / cfly{s;Íngsf nflu xfdLn] pk;ldltx? u7gu¥of} . pkl;ldltx? agfpFbf ;DalGwt ljifodfa9L 1fg ePsf ;fyLx?nfO{ ;xefuL u/fP/kl/rfng u¥of}+ .

dxflwj]zg cfof]hgf ug{ :yfgLo ;ª\3– ;+:yf/ oxfFsf hgtfx?sf] ;xof]u s:tf] /x\of] <d'Vo s'/f cfly{s ;|f]t x'G5, o;sf] Joj:yfkgs;/L ug'{eof] <

:jefljs ?kdf dxflwjz]g cfk}+mdf klgdxTjk"0f{ / ul/dfdo 5 . cem To;dfly klgcfkm\g} lhNnfdf eO/x]sf] dxflwjz]g :jefljs?kdf sfe|]sf hg;d'bfo, ;ª\3–;+:yfnfO{dxTjk"0f{ /Xof] . xfdLn] ;f]r]cg'?k g} ;ª\3–; + :yfx?, :yfgLo ;d 'b fo:t/af6;sf/fTds / /rgfTds ;xof]u /Xof] . o;sf]Pp6f pbfx/0f xfdLn] s] klg lng ;S5f} eg]dxflwj]zg Joj:yfkg ug{ d"ntM rflxg] cfly{s;|f]tx?sf] ;Gbe{df ;a} ;ª\3–;+:yf, :yfgLolgsfo / :yfgLo JolQmx?af6 ;xof]u k|fKteof] .

o:tf] /fli6«o :t/sf] sfo{qmdn] Pp6f lhNnfzfvfnfO{ cfˆgf] ultljlw ;~rfngdf s:tf];xof]u k'U5 h:tf] nfU5 oxfFnfO{ <

;fdfGotM dxflwj]zgh:tf] /fli6«o:t/sf]sfo{qmdn] cGo ;ª\3–;+:yfx?;Fusf] ;dGjoa9fpF5 o;sf]] of] Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ kf6f] xf] .bf];|f] s'/f o;n] xfdL cfk}+mdf klg Joj:yfkgug]{ ;Lk / Ifdtf clej[l4 u/]sf] 5 . To:t}s]Gb| / cGo lhNnf zfvf;Fu ;DaGw :yflkt ug{o;n] 6]jf k'u]sf] 5 . o;/L s'g} g s'g} k|sf/n]

o; zfvfnfO{ ;xof]u k'u]sf] 5 .

g]kfn /]8qm;sf] &% j6} lhNnf zfvfx?dflj:tf/} lj:tf/} o:tf] sfo{qmdx? cfof]hgf ug{;lsP /]8qm; k|rf/–k|;f/df ;xof]u k'UYof] .o;sf] nflu cfly{s kf6f] klg 7"nf] s'/f xf]/ vr{ w]/} nfUb5 . t/ cfly{s dfq geP/To;sf] nflu k|lta4tf klg rflxG5 . c? lhNnfzfvfx?nfO{ o:t} sfo{qmd s;/L cfof]hgf ug{;lsG5 eGg] ;Nnfx lbg rfxfg' x'G5 <

:jefljs ?kdf ;a} lhNnf zfvfx?n] of] vfnsf]sfo{qmd Joj:yfkg ug{ ;Sg] cj:yfsf] l;h{gfeof] eg] dnfO{ nfU5 xfd|f] ;+u7gsf] Ifdtf j[l4ePsf] ?kdf lng ;lsG5 .

/fli6«o :t/df ;a} lhNnf zfvfdf o:tfsfo{qmdx? s'g} g s'g} tl/sfn] ;DkGg u/fpg;Sof} eg] /]8qm;sf] ;~hfn, /]8qm;sf] dxTj,

agfpg ;lsP o:tf sfo{qmd ;a} 7fpFdf k'Ug;S5 .

g]kfn /]8qm;sf] Pp6f ;Ifd lhNnf zfvfsf]?kdf /x]sf] sfe|] lhNnf zfvfåf/f ;~rflntultljlwx? / kl5Nnf] ;dodf of] zfvfsf]ljsf;sf] af/]df s]xL atfO{ lbg' x'G5 ls <

clxn] xfn sfe|] zfvf cGt{ut ljsf;sfultljlwx? vf;}} 5}g\ . xfdL To;sf] k|oTgdf5f}+ . xfdLn] s] ;f]lr/x]sf 5f} eg] ljsf;sfultljlwx? Pp6f kf6f] xf] eg] Tof] eGbf dxTjk"0f{kf6f] lgoldt ?kdf ;+u7gnfO{ z;Qm /k|efjsf/L agfpg' xf] . xfdLn] ;+u7gnfO{ ;do;fk]If ;~rfng ug]{ s'/fnfO{ hf]8 lbPsf 5f}+ .

w]/} ;fyLx?df s:tf] vfnsf] wf/0ff ljsf; ePsf]5 eg] ;+u7g ;~rfng eg]s} ljsf;sfsfo{qmdx? dfq} xf] eGg] 5 . oBlk Tof] klgPp6f dxTjk"0f{ kIf xf] . Tof]eGbf dxTjk"0f{xfdLn] lgoldt ?kdf xfd|f] ;+u7gx?nfO{;~rfng ug]{, ;]jfsf ultljlwx?nfO{ lgoldt/ ;do ;fk]If ?kdf kl/dfh{g / kl/:s[t ug]{s'/f klg Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ kf6f]sf] ?kdf /x]sf]x'gfn] To;tk{m klg xfdLn] Wofg lbPsf 5f} .o;f] elg /xFbf ljsf;sf sfo{qmd 7\ofSs} ug'{x'Fb}g eGg] xf]Og t/ clxn] xfdL;Fu ljsf;sfo{qmdx? 5}gg\ .

ca cGTodf of] $! cf}+ dxflwj]zgsf] pknlAwnfO{oxfFn] s;/L d"NofÍg ug'{eof] <

of] $! cf}+ dxflwj]zgsf] pknlAw dnfO{ s]nflu /fv]sf] 5 eg] eJo ?kdf Joj:yfkg ug{;Sof} Tof] cfk}+mdf klg Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ xf] ./ csf]{ of] dxflwj]zgsf] dfWodaf6 ;ª\3–;+:yfx?;Fu ;DaGw :yflkt ug]{ cj;/sf] ?kdfklg lnof}+ .

æhLjg /Iff ug]{,;f]+rdf kl/jt{g

Nofpg] .

"Saving Lives,Changing mind"

ckfËtf;DaGwL ;"rgfs] tkfO{+sf] 3/df åGå jf cGo sf/0fn] ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx? x'g'x'G5 <olb x'g'x'G5 eg] To:tf JolQmx?n] ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+3, ;+:yfx?af6

laleGg ;xof]ux? k|fKt ug{ ;Sg'x'G5 .

la:t[t\ hfgsf/Lsf nflu kfos kg]{ g]kfn /]8qm;sf sfof{nox?df ;Dks{ ug'{xf]nf .

;+:yfsf] u/Ldf cem j[l4 x'g hfG5 . cfly{sJoj:yfkg r'gf }tLk "0f { 5 . To; sf/0fdxflwj]zgsf] cfof]hgf ug{ OR5's lhNnfzfvfx?n] o; ljifodf cln a9L Wofg k'¥ofpg'k5{ eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 .

o;sf nflu Pp6f rflx+ Tof] 7fpFdf cfly{ssf/f]af/ a9L ePsf] x'g'kb{5 / csf]{ s'/f;ª\3–;+:yfx?;Fusf] ;DaGw ;'b[9 ePsf]x'g'k5{ . zfvf cfk} +mdf klg Tof] vfnsf]sfo{qmdx?sf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ Joj:yfksLo ;Lk,1fg, tTk/tf / k|lta4tfsf] cfjZostf k5{ .oL s'/fx? ;a} lhNnf zfvfx?n] ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf/x\of] eg] rflx+ ug{ ;lsG5 .

sd ;Ifd lhNnf zfvfnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug]{ vfnsf]jftfj/0f s]Gb|b]lv lnP/ ;Ifd lhNnf zfvfx?af6

;fdfGotM dxflwj]zgh:tf]/fli6«o:t/sf] sfo{qmdn] cGo ;ª\3–;+:yfx?;Fusf] ;dGjo a9fpF5

o;sf]] of] Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ kf6f] xf] .bf];|f] s'/f o;n] xfdL cfk}+mdf klgJoj:yfkg ug]{ ;Lk / Ifdtf

clej[l4 u/]sf] 5 . To:t} s]Gb| /cGo lhNnf zfvf;Fu ;DaGw :yflkt

ug{ o;n] 6]jf k'u]sf] 5 .

/]8qm; dfl;sa}zfv @)^( 5cGt/jftf{

…dfgjLo cleofgdf o'jfÚsf7df8f} +, a}zfv @^ ut] . /]8qm;

cleofgsf ;+:yfks hF x]g/L 8\o'gfsf] hGdlbg kf/]/ x/]s jif{ d] * tfl/vsf lbg ljZj/]8qm; lbj; dgfOG5 .

o; jif{ …/]8qm; cleofgdf o'jfÚ -o'ycg b d'e_ gf/fsf ;fy g]kfn nufot ljZjsf!*& b]zx?df laljw sfo{qmdx?sf ;fy of]lbj; dgfOPsf] 5 .

dfgjLo ;]jfsf If]qdf /]8qm;sf o'jf:jo+;]js tyf ;b:ox?af6 k'/ \ofOPsf]of]ubfgsf] ljifodf 5nkmn ug]{, pgLx?sf]of]ubfgsf] klxrfg ug]{ / zflGt, ;fdflhs;dfj]zLs/0f / ;f+:s[lts ;lxi0f'tf k|j4{gsfnflu o'jfnfO{ Psh'6 x'g cfJxfg ug'{ o;jif{sf] gf/fsf] d"n dd{ xf] .

o;} pknIodf /fhwfgL sf7df8f}+df $;oeGbf a9L /]8qm; o'jf :jo+;]jsx?sf];xeflutfdf Ps ljzfn kbofqfsf] cfof]hgful/of] . /Tgkfs{l:yt zflGtafl6sfaf6 lg:s]sf]kbofqfsf ;xefuLx? zx/sf laleGg efu x'Fb}/]8qm; s]Gb|Lo sfof{{no k'Ubf pgLx?sf] eJo:jfut ul/Psf] lyof] .

o;} qmddf g]kfn /]8qm;sf cWoIf ;~hLjyfkfn] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf /]8qm;sf] em08f]Qf]ngu/L lbj;sf] d"n sfo{qmdsf] z'ef/Deug'{eof] .

pQm sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub{}} cWoIfyfkfn] g]kfn /]8qm;sf d]?b08 g} o'jf ePsfn]pgLx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4 / g]t[Tj ljsf;dfg]kfn /]8qm; uDeL/ eP/ nfUg] atfpg'eof] .

;f]xL cj;/df ljZj /]8qm; lbj;sf]dxTjdfly k|sfz kfb}{ dxfdGqL b]j/Tg wfVjfn]eGg'eof] æg]kfn /]8qm;df, g]t[TjbfoL e"ldsf

lgjf{x ub}{ clt ;+s6f;Gg ;d'bfosf] ;xof]udfcem w]/} ug{, /fd|f] ug{ / cufl8 k'Ug xfdLo'jfx?nfO{ pTk]|l/t ul//xG5f}+ .Æ

pkdxfdGqL ;'bz{gk|;fb g]kfnn] sfo{qmddf:jfut dGtJo /fVb} o'jfsf ;jfnx?df /]8qm;n];w}+ ;Daf]wg ub}{ cfPsf] / cfufdL lbgdf of]qmdnfO{ cem pRr k|fyldstfsf ;fy cufl8a9fOg] atfpg'eof] .

sfo{qmddf sf7df8f}, eQmk'/ / nlntk'//]8qm;sf Ps–Ps hgf o'jf k|ltlglwx?n] qmdzMvt/fhGo kl/l:yltdf :jf:Yo / x]/rfx, a9\bf]k|sf]kdf o'jfsf] e'ldsf / clx+;f / zflGt k|j4{gdfo'jfx? ljifodf cfkm\gf ljrf/ JoQm ug{' ePsf]lyof] .

;f] ;df/f]xdf o'jfx?n] e]befj, PrcfOeLP8\;, o'jfnfO{ pTk|]/0ff, b"u{d / l;dflGts[tIf]qdf /]8qm;sf] pkl:yltnufotsf ;jfnx?dfcleofgsf g]t[Tj ju{;Fu cGt/lqmof klg u/]sflyP .

sfo{qmddf kbofqfdf efu lng] ;Dk"0f{:jo+;]jsx?nfO{ k|df0f kq / ;Nkm]l/gf]sf] :d[ltgfds k':ts k|bfg u/L ;Ddflgt ul/Psf]lyof] .

;f]xL sfo{qmddf g]kfn /]8qm;sf] ;fdflhs;~hfn km];a's ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] lyof] . km];a's

;~rfngdf sf7df8f}+ /]8qm;sf o'jfx?n]]k|fljlws ;xof]u k'/\ofO/x]sf 5g\ .

/]8qm; / o;sf ultljlwsf af/]dfa9LeGbf a9LnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] p2]Zon]g]kfn /]8qm;n] km];j's z'? u/]sf] ;f];fO6Lsfs]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pj+ sf7df8f}+ zfvfsf ;efkltd's'Gb axfb'/ k|wfgn] atfpg'eof] .

;f]xL cj;/df g]kfn /]8qm; sd{rf/L;+3n] cfof]hgf u/]sf] /Qmbfg sfo{qmddf !&hgf sd{rf/Lx?n] /Qmbfg u/]sf 5g\ .

g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L, /]8qm;sf]cGt/fli6«o ;ldlt -cfO;Lcf/;L_ / dxf;+3åf/f;+o'Qm ?kdf cfof]lht ;f] sfo{qmddf ;ldltsf]g]kfnl:yt k|ltlglwd08n k|d'v l;NeLyf]/fn / dxf;+3sL k|ltlglw leS6fl/of a]gf]gn]cleofgsf ultljlwsf af/]df k|sfz kfg'{ePsf]lyof] .

sfo{qmddf pkTosfsf tLg lhNnfsf:jo +; ]jsx?, / ]8qm;sf ] cGt/f { l i6 «o;ldlt , /]8qm; tyf /]8lqm;]G6 ;f];fO6Lx?sf]cGt/f{li6«o dxf;+3 / g]kfn /]8qm;sf:jo+;]js tyf sd{rf/Lx? u/L rf/ ;oeGbfa9Lsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

cfunfuLaf6 aRg s] ug]{ <r'Nxf]df cfuf] k|of]u ubf{ ;fjwfgL;fy ug'{kb{5 / r'Nxf] k|of]ukl5 cfuf] /fd|f];Fu lgefpg' kb{5 .r'/f]6, lj+8Lsf 7"6f /fd|f];Fu lgefpg' kb{5.dl6[t]n, k]6«f]n, l:k|6, UofF;h:tf k|HjngzLn kbfy{ s]6f–s]6Ln] ;lhn} e]6g] 7fpFdf /fVg' x'Fb}g.k'/fgf] / unt ljB'tLo jfOl/ª dd{t ug'{k5{.cflt;afhL ug'{ x'Fb}g jf k6fsf k8\sfpg' x'Fb}g .yk kfgLsf] hu]8f ul//fVg' k5{ .


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;ef;b\ ;fyLx¿,g ]kfn / ]8qm; ;f ];fO6Lsf ] $!cf + } +

dxflwj]zgsf] klxnf ] k"0f { a}7sdf o;;f];fO6Lsf] cWoIfsf] x}l;otn] d oxf+x¿;a}nfO{ xflb{s clejfbg ub}{ gj aif{ @)^(;fnsf] pknIodf k'g d+undo z'esfdgf AoQmub{5' . ut aif{ eQmk'/ lhNnf zfvfsf] cfltYodf;DkGg $)cf}+ dxflwj]zgdf k|:t't ul/Psfk|ult k|ltj]bg / k|:tfljt sfo{qmdx¿dfly;ef;b\ ;fyLx¿af6 5nkmn eO{ cg'df]bgcg'df]bgcg'df]bgcg'df]bgcg'df]bgul/Padf]lhdsf sfo{qmd, ut dxflwa]zgaf6ul/Padf]lhdsf sfo{qmd, ut dxflwa]zgaf6ul/Padf]lhdsf sfo{qmd, ut dxflwa]zgaf6ul/Padf]lhdsf sfo{qmd, ut dxflwa]zgaf6ul/Padf]lhdsf sfo{qmd, ut dxflwa]zgaf6kfl/t k|:tfj / lgb]{zgsf cfwf/x? / ;f] sf]kfl/t k|:tfj / lgb]{zgsf cfwf/x? / ;f] sf]kfl/t k|:tfj / lgb]{zgsf cfwf/x? / ;f] sf]kfl/t k|:tfj / lgb]{zgsf cfwf/x? / ;f] sf]kfl/t k|:tfj / lgb]{zgsf cfwf/x? / ;f] sf];Dkfbg ;DaGwsf ;fy} ;+:yfsf] cawf/0ff;Dkfbg ;DaGwsf ;fy} ;+:yfsf] cawf/0ff;Dkfbg ;DaGwsf ;fy} ;+:yfsf] cawf/0ff;Dkfbg ;DaGwsf ;fy} ;+:yfsf] cawf/0ff;Dkfbg ;DaGwsf ;fy} ;+:yfsf] cawf/0ff(Vision Paper), 5}6f}+ lasf; of]hgf, 5}6f}+ lasf; of]hgf, 5}6f}+ lasf; of]hgf, 5}6f}+ lasf; of]hgf, 5}6f}+ lasf; of]hgfsf cfwf/dfsfof{Gjog ul/Psf sfo{qmdx?sf] ;dLIff u/LcfufdL Ps jif{sf] lglDt sfo{qmd tyf ah]6th'{df ug]{ ;DaGwdf xfdL oxfF yk pT;fxsf;fy pkl:yt ePsf 5f}+ .

g]/];f] eQmk'/ lhNnf zfvfsf] cfltYodfgu/sf]6df ;DkGg $) cf}+ dxflwj]zgn] dnfO{bf];|f] k6s ;+:yfsf] g]t[Tj ug]{ lhDd]jf/L lbPsfn];+:yfsf] cawf/0ff, 5}6f}+ lasf; of]hgf, :yflktgLlt, l;4fGt / /0fgLltsf cfwf/df sfo{qmdx?cufl8 a9L/x]sf] 5 . o; cjlwdf ePu/]sfs]xL dxTjk"0f{ pknlJwx?nfO{ oxfFx? ;dIfa"Fbfut ?kdf k|:t't ug]{ cg'dlt rfxG5' M

5}6f}+ lasf; of]hgfn] lglb{i6 u/]sf] $j6f /0fgLlts nIo k|flKtsf nflu;ldltx?sf] ;+/rgf / k|zf;lgs ;+/rgfdf kl/dfh{g u/L sfo{ cufl8a9fOPsf] 5 .;+:yfsf] cawf/0ffsf] sfof{Gjog ;DaGwdf!% j6f If]qx?sf] bL3{sfnLg sfof{Gjogsfnflu Ps sfo{bn agfO{ sfo{ k|f/Deul/Psf] 5 .ut dxflwa]zgdf kfl/t k|:tfax?dWo]ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf ;DaGwdf Ps ljwfg;+zf]wg cWoog tyf ;'emfa ;ldlt u7gul/Psf] / ;f] ;ldltaf6 ;fGble{s;fdfu|Lx? cWoog, lhNnf zfvfx?;Fu;'emfa dfu tyf r/0fa4 ?kdf ;a}lhNnfsf] ;xeflutfdf k/fdz{ uf]i7Lx?ug]{ sfo{ eO/x]sf 5g\ .g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6Lsf] sfg"gL cfwf/;'b[9Ls/0fsf nflu ;/sf/af6 th'{dful/g] ;fGble{s P]gdf g]kfn /]8qm;;f];fO6L ;DaGwL /]8qm; sfg"gsf nflusfg'g tyf Gofo dGqfnodfkm{t kxn ug]{sfd ePsf] 5 ./ ]8qm;sf ;a} lgsfox?df dlxnf;xeflutf clea[l4 ug]{;DaGwL laifonfO{yk ultlzntf lbgsf nflu s]Gb|Losfof{nosf] k|zf;lgs ;+/rgfdf laefuagfO{ :t/Ls/0f ug]{ k|of; ePsf] 5 .ljkb\ Aoj:yfkg, jftfj/0fLo x|f;af6k/]sf] laZjAofkL k|efj, g]kfn ;/sf/n];g\ @)!& ;Dddf v'nf lbzf d'Qm If]q3f]if0ff ug]{ cleofgsf ;Gbe{df lakb\tkm{la|l6; /]8qm;, vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfOtkm{

s]Gb|Lo ;efsf] $! cf}+ dxflwj]zgsf cj;/dfcWoIf ;+hLj yfkfåf/f klxnf] k"0f{ a}7snfO{ ;dLIffTds ;Daf]wg

sf]l/og /]8qm;,cli6\og /]8qm;, o'lg;]kmnufotsf ;+:yf;Fu ;+emf}tf u/L !* j6flhNnfdf laz]if k|sf/sf] sfo{qmd ;~rfnge} /x]sf] 5 .o; cjlwdf sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf e"sDknufot cGo k"j{tof/Lsf nflu bL3{sfnLgkl/of]hgfsf ?kdf # aif{sf nflu sl/j$# s/f]8sf] sfo{qmd ;'? ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L cGo kl/of]hgfx? klg laleGg lhNnfdf;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ .;:yfsf] ;+/rgfut If]qdf yk sfo{ul/Psf] 5 . s]xL gLlt / sfo{k|0ffnLdf;+zf]wg ul/Psf] 5 .;+u7gfTds ;~hfndf pNn]vgLo a[l4ePsf ] 5 . oz:s/ / lalzi6;b:otfaf6dfq o; cjlwdf *) nfva/fa/sf] gub tyf lhG;L laleGg lgsfodfk|fKt ePsf] 5 .s]Gb|,lhNnf, ,pkzfvf / ;s{nx?df cfa4() xhf/ ;qmLo :jo+;]jsx?sf] clen]vnfO{k|efjsf/L agfpg] ;Gbe{df %) j6f lhNnfzfvfsf nflu /fli6«o:t/sf] tflnd k|bfgul/Psf ] 5 . :jo +; ]jsx?sf ] j ]aAoj:yfkgdf yk sfo{ ul/Psf] / ;"rgfnfO{Aojl:yt ul/Psf] 5 .;+:yfaf6 ;+rfng e} /x]sf sfo{qmdx?sf]k|sf/,If]q / ljljlws/0f cflbdf o; cjlwdfklg pNn]vgLo pknlAw xfl;n ePsf] 5 .g]kfn /]8qm;sf]tkm{af6 cGt/fli6«o, If]qLo/ /fli6«o:t/sf ;ef, ;df/f]x / sfo{qmddful/Psf] ;xeflutf / k|ltlglwTj o;cjlwdf klg k|efjsf/L /Xof] ./]8qm;sf] dxf;+3,cfO;Lcf/;L,/fli6«o;f ];fO6L , / fhb "tfaf;,o "Pg h:tflgsfo;Fusf] ;DaGwdf yk ;'b[9 ePsf] 5 .g]kfn /]8qm;sf ;+u7g tyf ultljlwx?dfo'jfx?sf] e"ldsfnfO{ a9f]Q/L ug{ dxf;+3af6k|ltkfbg ul/Psf] o'jf ;DaGwL k|lt1f !@((Youth Pledge 129) df k|lta4tfhgfO{ sfo{ cufl8 a9fOPsf] 5 eg] h'lgo// o 'j fsf ] I f ]qdf u ' 0 f:t/ a [ l4 /cGt/f{li6«o:t/df ;xeflutf a9f]Q/L ug]{tkm{pNn]vgLo sfo{ ePsf] 5 .g]kfn /]8qm;af6 sfof{Gjog e}/x]sfsfo{qmdx?sf] sd nfutdf ;d'bfosf];+nUgtfdf k|efjsfl/tf a9f]Q/L ug]{ k|of;ul/Psf] 5 .zfvf / pkzfvf txdf bIf hgzlQm lasf;ug]{, ;a} txdf gLlt Pj+ lgodx?sf]sfof{Gjogdf cg'zf;g sfod ug]{tkm{ klglaz]if kxn ul/Psf] 5 ./Qm;~rf/ ;]jfnfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/lhNnfx?df u'0f:t/Lo agfpg k|of;ul/Psf]5 . o;} u/L ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ ;'/lIft/ut ;dod} pknAw u/fpgsf nflu o;cjlwdf klg ljljw pks/0f tyf hgzlQmsf];Lk / Ifdtf clej[l¢ ul/Psf] 5 .hgsk'/ cfFvf c:ktfnn] lb+b} cfPsf] ;]jfpNn]vgLo /x]sf] / ;f] c:ktfnnfO{

cfTdlge{/tftkm{ cufl8 a9fpg yk sfo{ug{sf nflu ;+:yfut?kdf g} 5nkmn e} /x]sf] 5 .ut $! cf}+ dxflwa]zgaf6 k|fKt lgb]{zgadf ] lhd b 'u {d zfvfsf ] I fdtf /sfo{qmdx?sf] n]vfhf]vf u/L zfvfsf];+u7gfTds k|efjsfl/tf a[l4 ug{] qmddfo; aif{ aemfª lhNnf zfvfnfO{ ! aif{;Ddsf nflu ;xfos:t/sf] sd{rf/L ;xof]usfo{qmd pknJw u/fOPsf] 5 .;ef;b\ ldqx¿,cj d cfufdL aif{x?df ;+:yfn] ;f]r] cg'?k

xfzLn ul/g] s]xL laifox?sf af/]df k|:t't ug{]cg'dlt rfxG5' .

g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6Lsf] :yfkgfsf] $(cf}+aif{df cfOk'Ubf ;+:yfn] xfl;n u/]sf ;+:yfutpknlAwx?nfO{ kms]{/ x]bf{ xfdL ;a}nfO{ uf}/asf]cg'e"lt ePsf] 5 . ;+:yfnfO{ g]t[Tj k|bfg u/]/cufl8 a9fpg] qmddf oxfFx?n] k'¥ofpg' ePsf]cd"No ;xof]usf sf/0f cwoIfsf] x}l;otn] d]/f]klxnf] sfo{sfn ;xh / pknlAwd"ns g} /Xof] .o;}u/L bf];|f] sfo{sfnsf nflu oxfFx?af6 lg/Gt/ ?kdf k|fKt ;xof]u Pj+ ;b\efjsf nflu wGojfblbg rfxG5' . ljut dxflwj]zgb]lv o;cjlw;Dddf ;+:yfn] xfl;n u/]sf pknlAwx?sfd"Vo cfwf/ eg]sf] 5}6f}+ ljsf; of]hgf, gLltx?,/0fgLltx? / ;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 ut dxflwj]zgdfcWoIfaf6 k|:t't cjwf/0ffkq g} x'g\ . oL :yflkt;+:yfsf cf}hf/sf cfwf/df cfufdL aif{x?df cemyk sfo{ ub}{ hfg'kg]{ cj:yf 5 . vf; u/L s]Gb|Lo/ lhNnf:t/sf sfo{qmd / ultljlwx?df of]hgf,/0fgLlt / cjwf/0ff kqsf] sfof{GjognfO{ d"t{?klbg xfdL ;a}n] ljz]if dxTj lbg'kg]{ cj:yf xfd|f];fd' 5 . o; sfo{;ldltsf] sfof{jlw e/dfo; sfo{;ldltsf] sfof{jlw e/dfo; sfo{;ldltsf] sfof{jlw e/dfo; sfo{;ldltsf] sfof{jlw e/dfo; sfo{;ldltsf] sfof{jlw e/df;+:yfut cf}hf/sf cfwf/df eljiodf ;+:yfut cf}hf/sf cfwf/df eljiodf ;+:yfut cf}hf/sf cfwf/df eljiodf ;+:yfut cf}hf/sf cfwf/df eljiodf ;+:yfut cf}hf/sf cfwf/df eljiodf xfl;n ug{xfl;n ug{xfl;n ug{xfl;n ug{xfl;n ug{;lsg] pknlAwnfO{ ;+If]kdf k|:t't ub{5' M;lsg] pknlAwnfO{ ;+If]kdf k|:t't ub{5' M;lsg] pknlAwnfO{ ;+If]kdf k|:t't ub{5' M;lsg] pknlAwnfO{ ;+If]kdf k|:t't ub{5' M;lsg] pknlAwnfO{ ;+If]kdf k|:t't ub{5' M

;+u7gsf] ;~hfn yk r':t / b'?:t x'g]5 .;+u7gfTds ;~hfnsf] ;]jf k|bfg ug]{Ifdtfdf u'0f:t/Lo j[l4 x'g] / ;+Vofdf klga9f]Q/L x'g]5 .;b:otf j[l4tkm{ cfhLjg, ozis/, ljlzi6/ ;+:yfut ;b:odf yk j[l4 x'g]5 eg]aflif{s ?kdf ;b:otf z'Nsaf6 dfq gubtyf lhG;L k|fKt u/L zfvf Pj+ pkzfvfsf]cfly{s tyf ef}lts Ifdtf a[l4 x'g]5 .o;}u/L pkzfvfx?sf] hUuf k|flKt / cfˆg}ejg lgdf{0fdf pNn]vgLo pknlAw x'g]5 .

afFsL k[i7 * df


h'lgo/ o'jf ultljlw

s]Gb|Lo dxflwj]zg k|ltlglwx? s] eG5g\ ====

lalk nfdf, dGqL, dgfª

$! cf} s]Gb|Lo dxflwj]zgdf dnufot ;efkltHo" / pk;efkltHo"u/L # hgf k|ltlglwsf ?kdf cfPsf5f}+ . of] b'O{ lbg] a;fO{ dfq geP/

/]8qm;sf] sfo{qmd Psbd /fd|f ] nfUof] .cWoIfHo"sf] ;Daf]wg efif0f / s]Gb|Lo dxfdGqL/ s]Gb|Lo sf]iffWoIfHo"sf] k|ltj]bgdfly xfd|f] dgfªlhNnfsf] k"0f{ ;dy{g /x]sf] 5 . g]kfndf w]/}b'u{d lhNnf zfvfx? 5g\ h'g :jo+;]jsx?af6dfq} ;~rflnt eO/fv]sf] 5 . ToxfF sd{rf/Lx?/fVg ;lsPsf] 5}g . lxdfn kf/Lsf dgfª, d':tfª/ c? b'u{d lxdfnL lhNnf zfvfx?sf nflus]Gb|n] ;xof]usf sfo{qmd Nofpg ;s] ce}m k|efjsf/Lx'g] lyof] .

o:tf dxTjk"0f{ sfo{qmddf ;a} zfvfaf6 cfPsfk|ltlglwx?sf] ;lqmo ;xeflutf x'g'kg]{ b]lvof] .

of] dxflwj]zgsf] Joj:yfkg kIf rflx+ Psbd/fd|f] nfu]sf] 5 . t/ sfo{qmd :yn / a;fO{:yn rflx+ clnslt 6f9f ePh:tf] nfUof] . of]d]/f] JolQmut wf/0ff xf] .

dLgf s];L, ;b:o, kj{t

dxf lwj ]zg ji f {e l/ ePsfultljlwx?sf] 5nkmn ug]{ Pp6fynf] xf] . dxlwj]zg dlxnfx?nfO{s;/L cufl8 a9fpg ;lsG5 eg]/

klg 5nkmn ug]{ / cufl8 a9fpg] cj;/ ePsf]n]of] /]8qm;sdL{x?sf nflu dxTjk"0f{ ynf] dfGg;lsG5 . /]8qm;df sfd u/]sf] cg'ejdfdlxnfnfO{ s;/L cufl8 a9fpg] eg]/ ;Gbe{dfljwfg ;+zf]wg u/L dlxnf ;xelutf ;'lglZrtug'{k5{ . o;f] ubf{ dlxnfx?sf] cj:yf cufl8a9g\ ;Snf . t/ clxn]sf] ;Dddf dlxnfljsf;sf ultljlw cufl8 a9fpg] elgP klgsfuhdf dfq} l;ldt 5 vf;} Jojxf/df x'g;s]sf] 5}g .

x/]s ultljlwdf dlxnfx?sf] kx'Fr a9fpg ca/]8qm;sf pkzfvf, lhNnf zfvf x'Fb} s]Gb|dfxfdL dlxnfx? cfk}+mn] yk k|of; ug'{ k5{h:tf]nfU5 .

u0f]zk|;fb Gof}kfg], ;efklt,ndh'ª

d u0f]zk|;fb Gof}kfg], ndh'ª lhNnfzfvfsf] ;efklt . dxflwj]zg cToGt

eJotfsf ;fy / cToGt cg'zfl;t ta/n];DkGg ePsf] 5 . ljut jif{x?df ePsfl6sfl6Kk0fLx?, ;'emfjx?, /fo ;Nnfx?nfO{ o;jif{sf] dxflwj]zgdf dxfdGqLsf] k|ltj]bgdf,To:t} sf]iffWoIfsf] k|ltj]bgdf cToGt /fd|f];Fu;d]l6Psf] 5 . sdL sdhf]/Lx? vf;} To:tf]b]lvPg .

To;sf ;fy;fy} s]xL gofF ;'emfjx? gofF ts{x?klg ;fyLx?n] /fVg' ePsf] 5 . xfdLn] lhNnflhNnfdf pkzfvfx?nfO{ cem z;Qm u/fpg'

k5{ . h'lgo/ / o'jf /]8qm;nfO{ z;Qm u/fpg'k5{ eGg] cfjfhx? ;'emfjx? cfPsf 5g\ .

sfe|]]n] h'g dxflwj]zg cfof]hgf u¥of s'g} klgljifodf l6sfl6Kk0fL ug]{ 7fpF 5}g . xfd|f] clncufl8sf cg'ejx?nfO{ x]bf{ v]l/ :jo+;]jsx?:s"nsf] sf]7fdf ;'Tg], k/fndf ;'Tg], t/fO{sfnfdv'6\6] nfUg] 7fpFdf klg v'Nn} ?kdf ;'Tg'kg]{kg]{ cj:yf lyof] t/ clxn] sfe|] zfvfn] u/]sf]vfgf / a;f]af;sf] k|aGw Psbd g} Jojl:yt5, cToGt ;'Gb/ / pRr lsl;dsf] 5 .

clgtf d}gfnL, sf]iffWoIf,lrtjg

clxn] s]Gb|Lo ;ef;b eP/ oxfFcfPsf] 5' . dnfO{ nfU5 of] s]Gb|Lo

dxflwj]zgn] ljut Ps jif{df eP u/]sfsfdx?sf] d"NofÍg, k|ult k|ltj]bg / cfly{sk|ltj]bg k|:t't u¥of] . ;du|df x]bf{v]l/ klxn]sf]cg'kftdf clxn] w]/} kl/dfh{g, w]/} :t/Lo 5;'wf/f]Gd'v 5 .

g]kfn /]8qm; klxn]sf] cg'kftdf t s]xLdlxnfx?sf nflu z;lQms/0fsf ljsf;tk{msfsfo{qmdx? of]hgfx? lnP/ cfO/fv]sf] 5 .

oBlk h;/L c? x/]s ;ª\3–;+:yfx?df dlxnf%) k|ltzt dfu eO/fv]sf] 5 . /]8qm;df klg## k|ltztsf] xf]Og %) k|ltzts} dfu ug'{kg]{cfjZostf 5 . s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldltdf #) hgfdfdlxnf ;b:o @ hgf dfq x'g'x'G5 . To:t} clxn]dxflwj]zgdf cfPsf dlxnfx? Hofb} sdx'g'x'G5 . x/]s lhNnfaf6 cfpg] # hgfk|ltlglwdf ! hgf dlxnf clgjfo{ Nofpg] Joj:yfug{ ;lsof] eg] xfdLn] dlxnfx?sf ;d:ofx?,ljrf/ / efjgfx? ;fd"lxs ?kdf ;f+u7lgs?kaf6 cufl8 Nofpg ;SYof}+ .

k'ikf z]/rg, ;b:o, d':tfª

d d':tfª lhNnfaf6 k|ltlglwTju/]/ cfO/x]sf] 5' . oxfFsf] dfxf]nx]bf{v]l/ xfdL oxfF ljleGg lhNnfaf6cfPsf 5f}+ . ;a} ;ef;b\x¿;Fue]63f6 klg x'g], pxfFx¿n] ug'{ePsf]/fd|f sfdx¿ Ps csf]{df cfbfg–

k|bfg x'g klg kfpg], To; lx;fan]] x]bf{v]l/ /fd|}eGg'k5{ .

ca sltko s'/fx¿ xfdLn] hfg]sf 5f} eg]sltko s'/f pxfFx?nfO{ yfxf 5 . o;/L e]63f6x'Fbf o:tf s'/fx? cfbfg k|bfg x'g kfpF5 . sfe|]zfvfn] u/]sf] Joj:yfkg kIf klg clt g} /fd|f]nfUof] .

pld{nf v8\sf, ;b:o, sf:sL

dxflwj]zgd} klxnf] rf]6L ;xefuLx'g kfPsf]df Psbd v'zL nfu]sf]5 .

xfdLn ] / ]8qm;df dlxnf j [ l4sf ] nfluhgr]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd u/f}+, ;Lkd"ns sfo{qmd

u/f}+, dlxnf j[l4 u/f} eg]/ xfdLn] cleofgrnfPsf 5f}+ . 3/df r'nf] rf}sf]df ;Lldt ePsfdlxnfx¿nfO{ /]8qm;sf] cfhLjg ;b:o agfP/lkmN8df ptfg{sf] sl7gfO g} 5 .

3/fo;L ;d:of / ;Lkd"ns tyf cfod"nssfdx¿ gePsf a ]/ f ]huf/ dlxnfnfO {/]8qm;dfk{mt\ ;Lkd"ns sfdx¿ lbg kfof}+ eg]cem cem dlxnfx¿sf] ;xeflutf cem a9Lx'GYof] h:tf] nfu]sf] 5 . xfdLx?df dlxnfsf]nflu ah]6 5'6\ofpg cfgfsfgL ug]{ afgL 5 .To;f] gul/of];\, dlxnfsf nflu ah]6 5'6\ofP/;Lkd"ns sfddf nufOof];\ eg]/ s]Gb|nfO{ klgd}n] ;'emfj lbg rfxG5' .

rqmaxfb'/ yfkf, pk;efklt,wg'iff

d}n] w]/} dxflwj]zg x]/]sf] 5' . d nfdf];do;Dd kbflwsf/L 5' . ljutsf]eGbf of] dxflwjz]g w]/} cg'zfl;t

/ Jojl:yt 9Ën] ePsf] d}n] cg'ej u/]sf] 5' .;'emfj / lh1f;fx¿ dgf;Lj cfPsf] dx;';u/]sf] 5' . of] dxflwj]zg pknlAwd"ns g} xf]nfeGg] dnfO{ ljZjf; 5 .

;kf{gGb xdfn, lgjt{dfg;efklt, h'Dnfdxflwj]zg /]8qm;sdL{x¿sf nfludxTjk"0f{ cj;/sf] ¿kdf lnOG5 .d]rL dxfsfnLsf /]8qm;sdL{x¿;Fu

;f}xfb{tf ufF:g] Pp6f df}sf xf] . csf]{ rflx+/ ]8qm;df sfd ubf { cfPsf afwfcK7]/fx¿nfO{ k'msfpgsf nflu Ps cfk;df5nkmn u/L ;dfwfg ug]{ pkfo klg xf] .

xfdLn] jif{el/ sfd ubf{ ef]u]sf afwf /cK7\of/fx?sf] ;dLIff / 5nkmn u/L ;dfwfgsfpkfox? vf]Hg] Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ cj;/ xf] .

hAa/axfb ' / nf ld5fg ] ,;efklt, afUn'Ë

s]Gb|Lo dxflwj]zg jif] {gLcfof]hgf x'g] sfo{qmd xf] . jif{sf]Ps k6s s]Gb| / krxQ/} lhNnfn]

u/]sf ultljlwx¿nfO{ s]Gb|df k7fP/ To;sf]clen]v /fv]/ / ;dLIff ug{ dxflwj]zg Pp6fdxTjk"0f{ cj;/ xf] .

sfe|] lhNnfsf] cfltYotfdf ePsf] of]dxflwj]zgsf] Joj:yfkg kIf Psbd} ;/fxgLo5 .

k|fylds pkrf/ tflnd lng rfxg'x'G5 <

g]kfn ;/sf/ :jf:Yo dGqfnosf] :jLs[t kf7\oqmdcg';f/ k|fylds pkrf/sf] tflnd sfo{qmd g]kfn/]8qm;n] ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

;f];fO6Ln] k|yflds pkrf/ tfnLd -Ps lbgsf]_,cfwf/e"t k|fylds pkrf/ tfnLd -rf/lbgsf]_ /cu|atL{ -Advanced_ k|fylds pkrf/ tfnLd-cf7 lbgsf]_ pknAw u/fp+b} cfPsf] 5 .hLjg pkof]uL, ;]jfd"ns / :t/Lo oL tflnddf;xeflutfsf] nflu ;Dks {– $@&)^%)


cGt/jftf{

k|lzIf0fs} qmddf k|fylds pkrf/ e"sDkLo ;'/Iff ;DjGWfLs[lqd 36gf cEof; ;DkGg

a}zfv @@ ut], eQmk'/ . ljBfno;'/Iffsf nflu ljkb\ k"j{tof/L sfo{qmdcGtu{te"sDk ;'/Iff ;DaGwL s[lqd 36gf cEof;-l;d'n]zg_ eQmk'/df ;DkGGf ePsf] 5 .

pQm cEof; sfo{qmd af;' pRRf df=lj/ afu]Zj/L pRRf df=ljdf ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .ljBfno ;dodf e"sDk cfPdf o;af6 aRgxfF;n] em} u'8'lNsP/ a:g] / b'O{ xftn]6fpsf]nfO{ 5f]Kg], 6]a'nd'gL cf]t nfUg] / cftnfu]sf] a:t'nfO{ alnof];Fu ;dfTg] / n'Sg]7fFp geP Aofu jf lstfjn] 6fpsf] ;'/Iffug]{ / e"sDk /f]lsPkl5 ;'/lIft :yfgdfuP/ a:g] af/ ]df k|of ]ufTds cEof;sfo{qmddf u/fOPsf] lyof] .

ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofks, lzIfs,lzlIfsf tyf sIff $ eGbf dfyLsf ;a}ljBfyL{x?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] ;f] l;d'n]zgdf# ;o $) dlxnf / $ ;o #% k'?if u/LhDDff & ;o &% hgfn] e"sDk cfO/x]sf]a]nfdf ;'/Iffsf] nflu ckgfOg] ljZjJofkLt/Lsf 8s, se/ / xf]N8sf] ;Lk l;s]sflyP .

ljBfyL {x?sf ;fy} ljBfyL {dfkm {Tf;d'bfodf ljkb\ k"j{tof/L ;DjGwL 1fg /;Lk k|rf/–k|;f/ ug]{ p2]Zosf ;fy eQmk'/lhNNffsf !( j6f ljBfnox?df km]a|'c/L @)!!b]lv of] sfo{qmd ;~Rffng eO/x]sf] 5 .sfo{qmd ;~rfngsf nflu cd]l/sg /]8qm;n]cfly{s ;xof]u pknJw u/fPsf] 5 .

dgf]h yf]s/

afFs], a}zfv ( ut] . g]kfn /]8qm;;f];fO6L afFs] lhNnf zfvfsf] cfof]hgfdf;~rflnt k"0f{ ;/;kmfO k|lzIf0f ;DkGg ePsf]5 .

bf];|f] r/0fsf] ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsfo{qmd ;~rflnt ;d'bfo / /]8qm;pkzfvfsf k|ltlglwx?sf nflu tflndsf]cfof]hgf ul/Psf] xf] . tflnddf@) hgfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf]lyof] . d'VotofM v'Nnf lb;fd'Qm;d'bfo lgdf {0f Pj+ :jf:Yo;/;kmfO k|j4{g ug{sf nflu;d'bfo:t/df ;xhLs/0f ug{hgzlQm pTkfbg ug]{ p2]Zon]tflndsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] xf] .

o; k | lzIf0 f kZrft \;xefuLx?n] sfo{qmd ;~rflnt;d'bfox?df v'Nnf lb;flk;fa /;/;kmfOsf nflu 5nkmn, lemNsf]a fNg ] Pj + hfu [ lt u/fpg ]ultljlwx? ;~rfng ug]{5g\ .

oxL tflndsf] lkmN8 e|d0fsfnflu j}zfv & ut] lkk|xjf / afafufpF;d'bfox?df uPsf ;xefuLx?n] k'/}gfdf;fOsnaf6 n8]sL ljlgtf adf{sf] k|fylds pkrf/u/]sf] 5 .

:jL; /]8qm;sf] ;xof]udf afFs] lhNnfsf!) j6f ; +s6f;Gg ;d 'b fox?df uthgj/Lb]lv ;g\ @)!$ sf] h'g dlxgf;Ddsf nfluljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f sfo{qmd r/0f–@ ;~rfnge}/x]sf] 5 . o; sfo{qmdn] @)&@ r}q d;fGt;Dd afFs] lhNnfnfO{ v'Nnf lb;fd'Qm If]q 3f]if0ffu/L ;g\ @)!& ;Dd ;a} g]kfnLsf] ;/;kmfOdfkxF'r ;'lglZrt ug]{ /fli6«o nIo xfl;n ug{ 7f];of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] ljZjf; lnOPsf] 5 . o;sf

cltl/Qm sfo{qmd ;~rflnt ;d'bfox?df ljkb\hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf ljleGg ;+/rgfut Pj+u}/;+/rgfut ultljlwx? ;~rfng ug]{ of]hgf/x]sf]] 5 .

;dLIffTds ;Daf]wg === ===bIf :jo+;]jsx?sf] ;+Vofdf pNn]vgLoj[l4eO{ /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o:t/df ;]jf k|bfgul/g]5 .jt{dfg /fli6«o / cGt/f {li6 «o:t/sf;d:ofx? h:t} M hnjfo' kl/jt{g, gofFk|sf/sf ljkb\, dxfdf/L, k+IfLhGo /f]uaf6x'g] ;d:of, a;fO{ ;/fO{, cflbsf If]qdfyk ;fem ]b f/x?; Fusf ] ;xsfo {dfsfo{qmdx?df a9f]Q/L ul/g] 5 .n } lËs ;xef lutf , ;dfj ]zLs/0f ,;+u7gfTds ;~hfn, ;b:otf / g]t[TjbfoLkbdf dlxnf ;xeflutf pNn]vgLo ?kdfj[l4 ul/g]5 .g]/];f]sf] ljwfgdf ;do ;fk]If ;+zf]wgul/g] 5 ./fli6«o:t/sf] sfo{qmd / ah]6df pNn]vgLoa[l4 ul/g]5 .nfeflGjt ;d'bfosf] jt{dfg ;+Vof @@ nfv*! xhf/ % ;o *@ /x]sf] 5 eg] o;dfx/]s aif{ !) k|ltzteGbf a9L hg;d'bfonfeflGjt x'g]5g\ .dfly pNn]lvt pknlAwd"ns ;f]rsf]

sfof{Gjogsf nflu /]8qm;sf ;a} lgsfosf]dxTjk"0f{ / lqmofzLn e"ldsf ckl/xfo{ /xG5 .o;} u/L pknlAwtkm{ x]bf{ o; cjlwdf klg;+u7gsf] ;~hfn / Ifdtfdf a9f]Q/L ePsf] 5 .

g]kfn /]8qm;sf] cWoIfsf x}l;otn];xeflutfd"ns lsl;daf6 ;Dkfbg ul/Psfultljlwx?sf] ;dLIffTds ;Daf]wg oxfFx¿;dIf

k|:t't u/]sf] 5' . xfdL ;a}sf] ;fd'lxs / cysk|of;af6} cfh g]kfn /]8qm;sf] 5lj /fli6«o /cGt/{fli6«o If]qdf cem /fd|f] x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . o;k|sf/sf ;+:yfut ;f]rcg'¿k sfof{Gjog ul/Psf/ ul/g] sfo{qmdx¿sf nflu nfvf}+ :jo+;]js tyf;b:ox¿,;d:t /]8qm;sdL{x?sf ;fy} ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿nufot pbf/dgf JolQmx¿sf]]lgM:jfy{ of]ubfg Pj+ cys k|of;af6 dfq of]ck]lIft ;kmntf o; aif{ klg k|fKt ePsf] 5 .

cGtdf,$! cf}+ dxflwj]zgdf oxfFx¿sf] dxTjk"0f{

cg'ejnfO{ ;+:yfut ug{sf nflu s]Gb|Losfo{;ldltsf]tkm{af6 dxfdGqL / sf]iffWoIfaf6k|:t't ul/g] k|ltj]bgx¿df a[xt\ 5nkmn u/L;+:yfsf] ;]jf sfo{nfO{ yk k|efjsfl/tftkm{ pGd'vu/fpg pNn]vgLo of]ubfg lbg'x'g ;a};Fucg'/f]w ub{5' . ut $) cf}+ dxflwa]zgaf6oxfFx?n] dnfO{ ;+:yfsf] bf];|f] k6s g]t[Tj ug]{lhDd]jf/L lbg' ePcg'?k dxflwa]zgsf] lgb]{zg,lasf; of]hgf,sfo{;ldtsf ;xsdL{ ;fyLx?,lhNnf zfvfsf ;x[boL ldqx? tyf cGo laleGglgsfox?sf] cd"No ;fy / ;xof]uaf6 g} dflysfpknlAwx? xfl;n ePsf] s'/f xflb{stfsf ;fylga]bg ug{ rfxG5' . cGtdf, xfdL ;a}sf] ;femf;f]r / ;+:yfut a'emfOsf cfwf/df ul/g] ;xsfo{/ ;b\efjaf6 g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6Lsf] uf}/jzfnLOltxf;nfO{ cem k|efjsf/L ?kdf cufl8 a9fpgxfdL laz]if ?kdf phf{zLn eP/ cufl8 a9f}eGg] cfu|x;d]t oxfFx?;dIf ug{ rfxG5' .

ho /]8qm; .cfOtaf/ !& a}zfv, @)^(, sfe|], ag]kf .cfOtaf/ !& a}zfv, @)^(, sfe|], ag]kf .cfOtaf/ !& a}zfv, @)^(, sfe|], ag]kf .cfOtaf/ !& a}zfv, @)^(, sfe|], ag]kf .cfOtaf/ !& a}zfv, @)^(, sfe|], ag]kf .

&

kfgL lsg pdfn]/ vfg] <vfg]kfgL z'l4s/0fsf 3/]n' ljlwx? dWo]pdfNg] Pp6f k|rlnt ljlw xf] . olb;xL tl/sf ckgfPdf o;n] cGoz'l4s/0fsf ljsNk gePsf] cj:yfdf;'/lIft kfgL k|bfg ub{5 .

kfgL pdfNgfn] /f]uhGo ;a} ls6f0f'x?gi6 x'G5g\ . of] xfdL hf] s;}n] ug{;Sg] ;fwf/0f ljlw xf] . pdfNg] ljlwn]dfq kfgLdf ePsf] kmf]xf]/ jf wldnf]kgfsd x'Fb}g . pdfn]sf] kfgL ;'/lIft ?kdfe08f/0f gu/]df kfgL k'gM b'lift\ aG5 .pdfn]sf] kfgL ;'/lIft ?kdf e08f/0fug'{sf ;fy} s]xL lbgleq} k|of]u ul/;Sg'k5{ .

kfgL pdfNbf sd;]sd Ps e'Nsf] cfpg]u/L pdfNg'k5{ . t/fO{df kfgL pdfNbfe'Nsf] cfPsf] Ps ldg]6;Dd pdfNg'k5{eg] kxf8L efudf tLg ldg]6;DdpdfNg'k5{ .


aGbsf 3fOt]x?nfO{ k|fylds pkrf/

j}zfv #) ut] . b]zsf ljleGg efudfePsf jGbsf] qmddf x'g;Sg] ;Defljt36gfnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL g]kfn /]8qm;;f ];fO6Lsf laleGg lhNnf zfvfx?n]cfsl:ds k|fylds pkrf/ 6f]nLx? kl/rfngu/]sf lyP .

tLg lbg;Dd ePsf] ;f] aGbsf qmddf/]8qm;sf k|fylds pkrf/ 6f]nLx?n] s}nfnL/ sf7df8f}+df u/L ^@ 3fOt]x?nfO{ k|fyldspkrf/ ;]jf k'¥ofPsf] 5 .

sf7df8f}+, afFs], sf:sL, dsjfgk'/,lrtjg, s}nfnL, jlb{of, ;'g;/L, eQmk'/nufotb]zsf cGo lhNnfx?df /]8qm;sf k|fyldspkrf/ 6f]nLx? kl/rfng ul/Psf lyP .

em8ksf 3fOt]nfO{ k|fylds pkrf/

sf7df8f}+, a}zfv, @^ ut] . yfkfynLsf];'s'Djf;L j:tLdf ;'s'Daf;L / k|x/L aLrePsf] em8kdf 3fOt] ePsfnfO{ g]kfn/]8qm;sf k|fylds pkrf/sx?n] k|fyldspkrf/ ;]jf k|bfg u/]sf 5g\ . pkrf/sf] qmddfk|fylds pkrf/ 6f]nLnfO{ ;'/lIft kx'Frdf jfwfk'u]sf] lyof] .

o:t} a}zfv @$ ut] lqrGb| SofDk;xftfdf ljBfyL{ / ;'/Iff an;Fu ePsf] em8kdf3fOt] ePsf !) hgfnfO{ g]kfn /]8qm;sfk|fylds pkrf/sx?n] k|fylds pkrf/ k|bfgu/]sf 5g\ . uDeL/ 3fOt]x?nfO{ /]8qm;PDj'n]G;af6 c:ktfn nluPsf] lyof] .

h'lgo/ o'jf e]nf

sf7df8f } + lhNnfsf h' lgo/ o 'jf/]8qm; ;s{nx?sf] Ps lbg] lhNnf :t/Loh'lgo/÷o'jf e]nf Pj+ cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

e]nfdf sf7df8f}+ lhNnf el/sf *& j6fh'lgo/ /]8qm; ;s{n / !( j6f o'jf /]8qm;;s{nsf !)) hgf eGbf a9L ;s{nk|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

sfo{qmddf ;xefuLx?nfO{ /]8qm;sfcfwf/e"t l;4fGtsf] k|of]ufTds cEof; ug{nufOPsf] lyof] ;fy} h'lgo/÷o'jf ljefus]Gb|Lo sfof{noaf6 ePsf ultljlw /cj;/, o'=/]=;= lq–rGb|sf] ultljlw / eljiosfof]hgf, Jojxf/ kl/jt{gsf ?kdf o'jfsf]k|of ]ufTds cEof; Pj+ gj] { lhog o'jfk|ltlglwsf] cg'ejsf] af/]df ;xefuL ;fd'5nkmn ul/Psf] lyof] .

lhNnf zfvf ;dfrf/

sf7df8f}+

sf:sL

;]tL gbLdf cs:dft af9Lj}zfv @# ut] ljxfg sl/j ( jh]

sf:sLsf] ;flb{vf]nf uflj; / df5fk'R5«]uflj;sf] l;dgf eP/ jUg] ;]tL gbLdflxdklx/f ]sf sf/0f crfgs cfPsf ]jf9Lklx/f]n] 7'nf] hgwgsf] Iflt ePsf] 5 .af9Lsf sf/0f !& hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 .

!$ j6f 3/ k"0f{ ?kdf Iflt ePsf5g\ . $( hgf x/fO/x]sf 5g\ . kfFr hgf3fOt]sf] dl0fkfn c:ktfdf pkrf/ eO/x]sf]5 .

36gfaf6 lj:yflkt ag ]sf !%kl/jf/nfO{ g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L sf:sLn]rfdn, t/sf/L, g"g, t]nnufotsf vfB tyfefF8fs'F8f, nQfsk8f cflb u}/ vfB ;fdu|Lljt/0f u/]sf] 5 . 36gf:yn j/k/ /x]sf #hgfnfO{ k|fylds pkrf/ k'/\ofPsf] 5 .36gfsf] k|f/lDes ;j]{If0f sfo{ ul/Psf] 5 .

lhNnf ljkb\ Joj:yfkg ;ldlt sf:sL,o"gPg Ph]G;Lx?;Fu, sDo'lg6L ;kf]6{ u'|k,PS;g P8, k|flS6sn PS;g ;fy} lhNnfl:ytcGo ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;+u ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ub}{} cfPsf] sf:sL /]8qm;n] hgfPsf] 5 .

/fdf/f]zg v'nf lb;faf6 d'Qm

g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L lhNnf zfvfc5fdsf] ;fdflhs kl/rfngdf c5fdlhNnfsf] /fdf/f]zg uflj;nfO{ j}zfv @#ut] v'Nnf lbzfd'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff ul/Psf]5 .

!)(@ 3/w'/L /x]sf] of] uflj;sf ;a}3/x?df kSsL zf}rfno lgdf0f{ u/L k|of]ukZrft\ uflj;nfO{ v'Nnf lbzfd'Qm uflj;3f]if0ff ul/Psf] xf] .

3f]if0ff sfo{qmddf ljleGg /fhgLltsbn, g]kfn /]8qm; / ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L lgsfosf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglwx?sf]pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .

c5fd

lhNnfx?df ljZj /]8qm; lbj;g]kfn /]8qm;sf ljleGg lhNnf zfvf tyf

pkzfvfx?n] ljleGg sfo{qmd u/]/ ljZj /]8qm;lbj; dgfPsf ;dfrf/x? k|fKt ePsf 5g\ .

o; pknIodf afFs] /]8qm;n] k|eftkm]/L,/Qmbfgnufotsf sfo{qmd u/]/ ljZj /]8qm;lbj; dgfPsf] 5 . o:t} s~rgk'/ /]8qm;n]cgfyfnosf jfnjflnsfx?nfO{ vfhf ljt/0fsf;fy} zfvf xndf /]8qm;;DaGwL k|jrgsfo{qmdsf cfof]hgf ljZj /]8qm; lbj;dgfPsf] 5 .

bfª /]8qm;n] o;} cj;/df ;f]gk'/ @s]?lgofdf ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t ljkb hf]lvdGo"gLs/0f r]tgfd"ns ¥ofnL tyf ;f+:s[ltssfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 .

o:t} ;'v]{t zfvfn] klg ljljw ultljlwu/L ljZj /]8qm; lbj; dgfPsf] 5 .

laleGg lhNnf

clwj]zg ;DkGgbf]nvf, j}zfv !) ut] . g]kfn /]8qm;

;f];fO6L bf]nvf lhNnf zfvfsf] #@ cf}+ lhNnf;efsf] clwj]zg j}zfv ( ut] g]kfn /]8qm;;f];fO6Lsf pkfWoIf 8f= ljZjs]z/ df:s]sf]k|d'v cfltYotfdf bf]nvf ahf/df ;DkGgePsf] 5 .

clwj]zgdf cfkm\gf] dGtJo /fVb} 8f=df:s]n] /]8qm;sf] cfbz{ / l;4fGtnfO{k|efjsf/L agfO{ hf]lvddf /x]sf ;d'bfonfO{x/]s If]qaf6 ;xof]u k'/\ofpg' /]8qm;sdL{sf]bfloTj /x]sf] atfpg'eof] .

zfvfsf ;efklt xs{axfb'/ >]i7sf];efkltTjdf ;DkGg clwj]zgn] ?= @*,%(,%))sf] cg'dflgt ah]6 kfl/t u/]sf] 5 .

bf]nvf

l;/fxfsf cfunfuL k|efljtnfO{ /fxftl;/fx fsf ] lzjgu/df ePsf

cfunfuLaf6 ! ;o !% kl/jf/sf %;o ^)hgf k|efljt ePsf 5g\ .

cfunfuLaf6 k|efljt kl/jf/nfO{ g]kfn/]8qm; ;f];fO6L l;/fxf lhNnf zfvf /fxt;fdu|L ljt/0f u/]sf] 5 .

k|efljt kl/jf/nfO{ wf]tL, ;f/L, efF8f;]6, sDan, lqkfnnufotsf u}/vfB ;fdu|Lljt/0f u/]sf] 5 . /]8qm;sf ;Nnfxsf/ ;Gtf]ifcu|jfnn] lrp/f, lrgL / lj:s'6 ljt/0fug'{ePsf] lyof] .

l;/fxf

tkfO{+ /Qmbfg ug{ hfFb} x'g'x'G5 <efjgfTds ?kn] tof/ x'g'xf];\ ./Qmbfgsf] nflu vfnL k]6 g/fVg'xf];\ .:jf:Yo k/LIf0fsf] nflu kmf/fd eg'{xf];\ .tt\kZrft :jf:Yo k/LIf0fsf] nfluk|fljlws sxfF hfg'xf];\ .;f]lwPsf] k|Zgx?sf] ;+sf]r gdfgLhjfkm lbg'xf];\ ./Qmbfgsf] nflu of]Uo ePdf /Qm;+sng y}nL lnO{ nfOgdf kv{g'xf];\ ./Qmbfg ul/;s]kl5 ;'O{ 3f]r]sf] 7fpFdfgdf8Lsg # cf}+nfsf] ;xfotfn] a"9Lcf}+nf tn kf/L xNsf lyRg'xf];\ ./Qmbfg kZrft sDtLdf % ldg]6b]lvcfjZostf cg';f/ ;f]xL :yfgdfcf/fd ug'{xf];\ .;f] kl5 xNsf gf:tfsf] nflu tof/x'g'xf];\ .olb cfof]hsn] k|df0fkq jf cGo s'g}pkxf/ lbPdf u|x0f ug'{xf];\ .dBkfg jf w"dkfgsf] nt eP sDtLdf# 306f;Dd ;]jg gug'{xf];\ ./Qmbfg ug'{ ePsf]df wGojfb .k|To]s #–# dlxgfsf] km/sdf /Qmbfgsfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbpmF .


hflg/fVg' kg]{ s'/fx?

o'4sf] ;Ldf;DaGwL lgodx¿

nfOa/sf] pko'{Qm sfo{n] b'O{j6f dxTjk"0f{ ljsf;nfO{ O+lut u¥of] .klxnf], o;n] o'4sf] sfg'g;DaGwL ;}lgs k'l:tsf / lgb]{lzsfx¿nfO{glh/sf] ¿kdf sfod u¥of] . bf];|f], of] cfw'lgs cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLosfg'gsf] ljsf;sf] bf];|f] >[+vnfsf] k|flDes laGb' aGof] h;af6 o'4;~rfng;DaGwL lgodx¿sf] pTklQ eof] . o;sf] klxnf] k|df0fsf]¿kdf !*^* sf] æ;]G6 lk6;{au{ 3f]if0ffkqÆ nfO{ lng ;lsG5 . h;n]$)) u|fdeGbf sd tf}n ePsf] k|If]Kof:q k|of]u ug{ k|ltaGw nufof] .;]G6 lk6;{ju{df /l;ofnL hf/x¿åf/f af]nfOPsf] ;Dd]ng s'g}lv+rftfgLljgf o:tf If]Kof:qn] cgfjZos ¿kdf czQmx¿sf] kL8fnfO{cem uDeL/ agfpg] / pgLx¿sf] d[To'nfO{ cjZoDefjL agfpg] tYonfO{Wofgdf /fvL xft–xltof/sf] lglZrt k|sf/dfly k|ltaGw nufpg ;kmneof] . ;}lgs sf/afxLsf] p2]Zo zq' kIfsf a9LeGbf a9L l;kfxLx¿nfO{czQm agfpg' ePsfn] To:tf] eo+s/ 3fp nufpg'sf] cfjZostf g}kb}{g . To;}n] s'6gLlts k|ltlglwx¿ o; k|sf/sf] If]Kof:qsf] k|of]udflyk|ltaGw nufpg] ljifodf d~h'/ x'g ;xdt eP .

;fwf/0ftof æ;]G6 lk6;{au{ 3f]if0ffkqÆ egL lrlgg] 3f]if0fkqo;n] nufPsf] jf:tljs k|ltaGwsf] sf/0fn] Tolt w]/} xf]Og, a¿ tLljrf/x¿–h;sf] kmn:j¿k k|ltaGw nufOof]–sf] sf/0fn] cfhef]lnof] dxTjk"0f{ 5 . h:tf] ls k|:tfjgfdf JofVof ul/Psf] 5 – o'4sf]a]nfdf /fHox¿n] xfl;n ug{ k|of; ug'{ kg]{ Ps dfq j}w p2]Zo zq'sf];}Go annfO{ sdhf]/ kfg'{ xf] . 3f]if0ffkqn] ;Dk"0f{ o'4sf] ;DefjgfnfO{lgd"{n kfb}{ o'4;DaGwL sfg'gsf], :ki6 zAbdf eGbf o'4df ;+nUgkIfx¿ -j}w_ ;}lgs p2]Zo k|flKtsf nflu zlQmsf] k|of]unfO{ ;Lldtkfg{ jfWo 5g\ eGg] dfly plNnlvt l;4fGtx¿nfO{ yk zlQm k|bfgub{5 .

ztfAbL ablng nfu]sf] a]nfdf ;DkGg b'j} x]u zflGt ;Dd]ngx¿n]o'4sf tl/sf / ;fwgsf ;DaGwdf Jofks cGt/f{li6«o sfg'gL ;Ldfx¿:yflkt ug]{ k|of; u/] . o;sf] dxTjk"0f{ kl/0ffd:j¿k :ynuto'4;DaGwL sfg'g tyf k|yfsf] cfb/ ug]{ !* cS6f]j/ !()& sf] x]udxf;lGw ;+Vof $ / o;;Fu ;+nUg x]u lgodfjnLx¿ cl:tTjdf cfP .o; dxf;lGwsf] nfdf] Oltxf; 5 h;df nfOj/ ;+lxtf, ;]G6 lk6;{ju{3f]if0ffkq, a|;]N; 3f]if0ffkq -!*&$_, u':tfkm df]xgLo/åf/f d:of}bful/Psf] / !**) df k|sfzg ul/Psf] cS;kmf]8{ lgb]{lzsf / ;g\!*(( sf] klxnf] x]u dxf;lGw o; Oltxf;sf c+z x'g . :ynuto'4sf] k|yf / sfg'g ;DaGwL x]u lgodfjnLn] zflGt ;Dd]ngåf/ftof/ kfl/Psf] o'4;DaGwL sfg'gsf] ;+lxtfs/0f u¥of] . o;dfo'4aGbLx¿k|lt ul/g] Jojxf/, ;}lgs sf/jfxLsf] ;~rfng, To;dfklg zq'nfO{ 3fOt] kfg]{, 3]/faGbL / adaf/Lsf ;fwgx¿af/]sf] ljz]if¿kdf dxTjk"0f{ cWofo / sAhf ul/Psf e"–efu;DaGwL lgodx¿;dflji6 5g\ . x]u dxf;lGw ;+Vof $ sf] k|:tfjgfsf] cg'R5]bdfplNnlvt Ps jfSon] o; ;lGwnfO{ ljz]if dxTjsf] agfpF5 . /l;ofnLk|ltlglwsf gfddf /x]sf] df6]{G6 wf/f -Marten's clause_ df s] pNn]v5 eg] sy+–sbflrt\ sfg'gsf lgodx¿n] ;d]6\g g;s]sf] cj:yfdfhgljj]sfb]z, dfgjtfsf] sfg'g / ;Eo gful/såf/f :yflkt /Llt–l/jfhsf] kl/0ffd:j¿k ag]sf /fli6«o sfg'gsf l;4fGtx¿sf lgodx¿/ ;'/IffcGtu{t s'g} If]qsf afl;Gbf tyf o'4/t kIfx¿ /xg]5g\ .df6]{G; wf/f -Marten's clause_ n] Pp6f æsfg'gL ;'/Iff hfnLÆlgdf{0f ub{5 . df6]{g wf/fcg';f/ olb lgZrofTds sfg'gL lgodx¿dfsdL–sdhf]/L 5g\ eg] d"ne"t dfgjLo l;4fGtx¿df cfwfl/t ;dfwfgkQf nufpg' k5{ .

:ynut o'4sf k|yf / sfg'gsf lgodfjnLsf] k/LIf0f b'j} ljZjo'4df eof] . gfhL o'4sf k|d'v ck/fwLsf ;DaGwdf k}m;nf ubf{

@

g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6Lsf] ;+u7gfTds;~hfn / ;b:ox?sf] ljj/0f;+u7g MlhNnf zfvf &%pkzfvf !#$$

;xof]u ;ldlt !#&

h'lgo/ ÷o'jf ;s{nsf] ;+Vof-h'lgo/ ;s{n–$^!*, o'jf;s{n &!^_ %,##$

hDdf :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] ;+Vof ^*()

;b:ox? Mdfgfy{ ;b:o #

oz:s/ ;b:o @#@

ljlzi6 ;b:o %*(

cfhLjg ;b:o !,@), ##);fwf/0f ;b:o #@,()^

;+:yfut $^

h'lgo/ o'jf ;b:o *,^),$#$hDdf !),!$,%$,)

Go"/]Dau{ l6«Jo'gnn] oL lgodx¿nfO{ cGt/f{li6«o k|yfhlgt sfg'gsf] PscËsf] ¿kdf dfGotf lbof] / o;nfO{ dfGg ;a} /fi6«x¿ afWo ePsf]hgfPsf] lyof] . of] xfn;Dd klg ;To 5 .

x]u lgodfjnLdf ljj]rgf ul/Psf] ljifox¿sf] ljsf; kl5 ljleGg:t/df eof] . dfly g} pNn]v ul/Pcg';f/ h]g]ef dxf;lGw -!(@(_ n] tLljifodWo] o'4aGbL;DaGwL cWofonfO{ u|x0f u¥of] eg] rf}yf] h]g]ef dxf;lGw-!($(_ n] sAhf ul/Psf] If]q;Fu ;DalGwt sfg'gL lgodx¿sf] ljsf;u¥of] . o'4 ;~rfng;DaGwL jf:tljs sfg'gnfO{ k|yd cltl/Qm ;lGwkq-!(&&_ n] u|x0f u¥of] .

bf];|f] x]u zflGt ;Dd]ngn] ;fd'lb|s o'4sf] ljj]rgf u¥of] / ;fd'lb|so'4;DaGwL sfg'gsf ljleGg kIf;Fu ;DalGwt w]/} dxf;lGwx¿nfO{ c+uLsf/u¥of] . oL k|fjwfgx¿ Tolt a]nfsf ;fy} clxn] klg s]xL cj:yfdf ;fd'lb|so'4 ;~rfngdf nfu" x'g] sfg'gsf] ;|f]tsf] ¿kdf /x]sf 5g\ / h;sfk|yfhlgt lgodx¿ ljsl;t x'Fb} uPsf 5g\ . of] ;Dd]ng ;]G6 lk6;{au{sf]3f]if0ffeGbf Ps sbd cufl8 a9\of] / lglZrt k|sf/sf xft–xltof/ tyfo'4 ;fdu|Ldfly o;n] k|ltaGw nufof] . ;aeGbf dxTjk"0f{ s'/f, nLu ckmg]zG;n] !(@% df cfJxfg u/]sf] ;Dd]ngn] o'4df ljiffn' Uof; tyf h}ljstl/sfsf] k|of]udfly k|ltaGw nufpg] ;lGwkqnfO{ c+uLsf/ u¥of] . ljz]if¿kdf ljiffn' Uof;sf] k|of]udflysf] k|ltaGw h'g k|yfhlgt cGt/f{li6«osfg'gsf] lgod g} ag]sf] 5 / ;a} /fi6«sf nflu afWofTds 5 . cdfgjLoxft xltof/df k|ltaGw nufpg] ;+3if{df Ps dxTjk"0f{ sf/s ePsf] 5 ./f;folgs xft xltof/;DaGwL a[xt\ ;lGwn] /f;folgs xft–xltof/sf]k|of]udf dfq xf]Og, To;sf] ljsf;, pTkfbg / e08f/0fdfly klg k|ltaGwnufpF5 .

xfdLn] 5'§[f–5'§[} ¿kdf h]g]ef / x]u sfg'gsf] ljsf;b]lv bf];|f] ljZjo'4sf]g/;+xf/kZrft\ cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg'gdf ul/Psf d'Vo–d'Vo;+zf]wgx¿;Dd ljj]rgf u¥of}+ . ca o;kl5 ePsf ljsf;sf af/]df hfcf}+ .

-cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg'g Ps kl/ro, xfG; xfpuåf/f æ;a}sf nflu dfgjtfÆ af6 p4[t u/L 5'6\6} d'lb|tsf] g]kfnL

cg'jfbaf6 ;fef/ ul/Psf]_

-;|f]t M $! cf}+ s]Gb|Lo dxflwj]zgdf k|:t't aflif{s k|ltj]bg_


!!

cfsl:ds sIfdf sfo{/tx?sf nflu rf]6k6s tflndk'ikf vgfn

/]8qm;sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;ldlt cfO;Lcf/;L/ w'lnv]n c:ktfn sf7df8f}+ ljZj ljBfnosf];+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf sfe|]sf] ;nDa'df cfof]lhtcfsl:ds sIf uDeL/ rf]6k6s tflnd ;DkGgePsf] 5 .

j}zfv @$ b]lv @^ ;Dd ;~rflntTfflnddf sf7df8f} pkTosf tyf cf;kf;sflhNnfdf cfsl:ds sIfdf sfo{/t @) hgf8fS6/x?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

sf7df8f}+ ljZjljBfnosf pks'nklt 8f=;'/ ]z/fh zdf { / cfO {;Lcf/;L g]kfnk|ltlglwd08nsf pkk|d'v h]/f]d kmf]G6fgfn]w'lnv]n c:ktfndf Ps ;df/f]xsf aLr pQmtflndsf] pb\3f6g ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

pb\3f6g ;df/f]xnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub} {cfO;Lcf/;Lsf g]kfn k|d08n pkk|d'vh]/f]d kmf]G6fgfn] eGg'eof] æg]kfndf uDeL/rf]6k6s nfu]sf la/fdLx¿sf] pkrf/ ug{lrlsT;sx¿sf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ug{ dxTjk"0f{5, lsgls g]kfndf e"sDk hfg] vt/f 5 /To:tf] e"sDk uOxfn]df xhf/f}+sf] ;+Vofdfdflg;x¿ xtfxt x'g;S5g\Æ.

o; tflndsf] k"0f{ :jfdLTj u|x0f ug]{p2]Zon] ;g\ @)!! b]lv w'lnv]n c:ktfn,sf7df8f}+ ljZjljBfnon] /]8qm;sf] cGt/f{li6«o;ldlt;Fu ;xsfo{ ub{} cfPsf] 5 . æw'lnv]nc:ktfn cfk}m+n] o:tf tflndx¿ ljsf; ug{/ k|bfg ug{ rfxG5,Æ— w'lnv]n c:ktfnsf

k|zf;lgs lgb]{zs 8f= /fh]Gb| sf]h'n] eGg'eof]æuDeL/ rf]6k6s nfu]sf 3fOt]x¿sf] pkrf/Joj:yfkg ug{ rflxg] cfjZos lrlsT;f hgzlQmtof/ ug{ …cfsl:ds—sIf uDeL/ rf]6k6s tflndÚdxTjk"0f{ 5 .Æ

cfsl:ds ;]jfdf sfo{/t lrlsT;sx¿sf]rf]6k6s Joj:yfkg Ifdtf clej[l4 tflnd ;qnfO{cfO{;Lcf/;Lsf zNolrlsT;f ljz]if1 8f= PGhf]s]d]nf]n] ;~rfng ug'{ePsf] lyof] h;nfO{ w'lnv]n

c:ktfnsf # hgf / ;z:q k|x/L an c:ktfnsf! hgf lrlsT;sn] ;xof]u u/]sf lyP . ;g\@)!) df klxnf] k6s tflnd k|bfg ug{ ;'?ul/Pkl5 xfn;Dd s/La *) hgf lrlsT;sn]of] tflnd k|fKt ul/;s]sf 5g\ .

;g\ @))! b]lv g} cfO{;Lcf/;Ln] åGå tyflx+;fsf 36gfdf 3fOt] ePsf JolQmx¿sf] pkrf/df;+nUg lrlsT;sx¿nfO{ tflnd tyf ;xof]u k|bfgub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

$! cf}+ dxflwj]zgsf] cj;/df cxf]/fq v6\g] sfe|]sf o'jf :jo+;]jsx? sfo{qmd ;lsPkl5 ;fd"lxs t:aL/ lvrfpFb}


kmf]6f] k[i7

g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L, s]Gb|Lo sfof{no, /]8qm; dfu{, kf]=a=g+= @!&, sf7df8f}+, kmf]g – $@*%)*(, $@&)^%), $@&!(!%, E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.nrcs.org

$! cf}+ dxflwj]zgsf emnsx? t:aL/x?M g/]Gb| >]i7

-!_ dxflwj]zgsf cj;/df lgsflnPsf] ¥ofnLdf ;xefuL x'b} lhNnfaf6 cfPsf k|ltlglwx? -@_ ¥ofnLdf b]jLgfr -#_ dxflwj]zg aGb zqdf k|ltlglw ;ef;bx?-$_ bz pTs[i6 lhNnf zfvfx? dWo] k|yd x'g] sf:sL lhNnf zfvfsf ;efkltnufotsf k|ltlglwx? ljlzi6 ;]jf k'/:sf/ u|x0f ub}{ -%_ oz:s/ / ljlzi6

;b:otfsf] k|df0fkq u|x0f u/]kl5 qmdzM ;'v]{tsf lnnf/fh lu/L / l;/fxfsL ljefs'df/L ofbj -^_ oz:s/ ;b:otfsf] k|df0fkq u|x0f ub}{ g'jfsf]6 lgaf;L Ps}kl/jf/sf tLg ;b:ox? bfofFaf6 qmdzM dx]zb]j kf7s, ;'eb|f kf7s / zf/bfb]jL kf7s -&_ pTs[i6 sd{rf/L ;]jf k'/:sf/ kfpg] ;fd'bflos ljsf;

kl/of]hgf, jfUn'ªdf sfo{/t u+ufaxfb'/ >L;sf ;fy ;fd"lxs t:aL/ lvrfpFb} sfo{sf/L lgb]{zsnufot s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf cGo sd{rf/Lx? .

-$_-#_

-&_

-@_-!_

-%_ -^_

jif{ $# )^( a }zfv april/may 2012 c+s ( lh= sf= b= g ... · pb\3f6g efif0f / ;dlifftds ;daf...

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