jeremy jacobs comp ass 231107 (2)
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TRANSCRIPT
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An overview of biowaste management opportunities
Jeremy JacobsDevelopment Director
The Composting Association
The Composting Association
The Who
The WHO UK’s leading not for profit membership
organisation which promotes the use of Biological treatment activities.
Information focal point for all stakeholders involved in biowaste treatment
Promotes the long term sustainability of the biowaste industry
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“Promoting the Sustainable Management of Biodegradable Resources”
Information
Certification schemes
- compost
- compostable packaging
Conferences & seminars
Trade association
Broad range of
members
Proactive policy work
Composting News
Publications
In practice it’s complex!
COMPOSTINGLegislation
LicensingPlanningAnimal by-productsEU Directives
IdeologyWaste hierarchyProximity principlePolitical will
Environmental impacts
StorageTransport
ProcessingEnd uses
End usesContaminantsBenefitsMarketing/sTransportStandards
SeasonalityArisingsAccess to
gardens
SociologicalParticipationEducationPerceptionPolitical will
CostsCapitalRevenue
Collection & transport
Composting processesWASTE ORGANIC MATERIALS + £ gate fee
SORTING
SHREDDING
ACTIVECOMPOSTING
SCREENING
COMPOST + £ product value
CURING
•(By hand; mechanical)Rejects
•High capacity shredder
Introduce oxygen60 - 70 °C
•Windrow turner•Front end loader•Forced aeration•In-vessel system
“Maturation phase”Temperature ambient
•Trommel, power or star screenRejects
© The Composting Association
What can be composted ?
May be anywhere between 30 - 50 % (w/w) municipal
waste suitable for composting
}
} Some paper & card
Garden wastes and kitchen putrescibles(botanical origin)
17% Kitchen waste
18 % Paper
3 % Fines
3 % Textiles
16 % Other
8 % Metal
7 % Glass
7 % Plastics
BIO
DE
GR
AD
AB
LE
20% Garden waste
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Recycling, Energy & Strategies
Waste Strategy for England 2007– Targets for local authorities– C&I waste– Focus on Anaerobic Digestion by DEFRA
Energy White Paper– Energy security– Biomass – possible threat– Proposed 2 x ROCs and subsidies for AD– “Peak oil” debate
UK Composting Industry
•3.4 million tonnes organic wastes composted in 2005/06
•1 million tonnes compost supplied to agriculture
•Main feedstocks and processing types:– Green waste – open windrow– Green/food waste – enclosed/in-vessel
•Green waste = 81% of wastes composted in 2005/06
•Food waste = 12% of wastes composted in 2005/06
•National quality standard – BSI PAS 100 & QP
Background Sustained growth in composting over
last decade
Regulations and Industry Standards
• Regulatory Controls:– Animal By-Products Regulations –
enforced by SVS (now called Animal Health)
– Waste Management Licensing Regulations – enforced by EA/SEPA
– Some sites run under an exemption (volume related)
• Industry standards:– BSI PAS 100 and Quality Protocol –
audited by independent certification bodies managed by The Composting Association
– Now contracted out to two Certification bodies
• Heavily regulated industry
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BSI PAS 100: 2005 Developed from
Composting Association’s Standards for Compost
To develop good operational practices
To provide end-users with minimum product quality assurances
To help develop sustainable markets
To specify in contracts with local authorities
© The Composting Association
Indicative CAPEX
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Biological treatment
Co
st
(millio
ns) Average Capex £M
Source: Strategy Unit 2002
© The Composting Association
Large scale composting Open-air turned-windrows
IN VESSEL FACILITIES
© The Composting Association
Some environmental impacts of composting
Odour Bioaerosols
Leachate and Liquor
NoiseLitter
Visual Impact
Distance tosensitivereceptors
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Designated marketsDomestic use horticulture
Land restoration
Agriculture & field horticulture
Soil manufacture and blending (Landscape)
© The Composting Association
Conclusions
• Composting has many and varied legislative drivers• Significant additional capacity is required to meet
National and Local objectives and targets• Composting is a rapidly expanding industry• There are a wide range of existing and developing
technologies• Composting has environmental impacts that can be
controlled and mitigated• Robust markets for quality composts are becoming
established
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Thank you
Further information at:
www.compost.org.uk