JeopardyResearch Biological

Sensation& States of Consciousness

motivationDevelopment Random

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Final Jeopardy

$100

A researcher tested the effect of violent television on levels of aggression. Violent television is the _____________ and aggression is the _____________

$100Independent Variable – violent television Dependent variable – aggression

$200

People’s tendency to exaggerate their ability to have foreseen the outcome of past events refers to concept?

$200Hindsight bias

$300What do researchers call a difference between the means of experimental and control groups when they know the averages are reliable and the difference between the groups is unlikely due to random chance or extraneous variables?

$300Statistically significant

$400

An experiment was designed to study the potential impact of alcohol consumption on emotional stability. A specification of the procedures used to measure emotional stability illustrates what concept?

$400 Answer from H1

Operational definition

$500

List the 4 types of research methods and a con and pro for each

$500

Naturalistic ObservationExperimental Case Study Survey

$100

Sleep researchers who are interested in brain wave activity are likely to use which kind of brain scan?

$100EEGWhich one takes x-ray photos?

CT scan Which one detects radioactive glucose to get a

display of brain activity PET

Which one uses magnetic and radio waves to get an image of soft tissue? MRI

compares successive MRI scans to show brain function?fMRI

$200

When Chrissy was a child, a brain disease required the surgical removal of her left cerebral hemisphere. Chrissy is now a successful high school student who lives a normal life. Her success best illustrates the importance of

$200Plasticity

$300These neurotransmitters are involved in pain relief.

$300endorphins

$400

In which brain structure are nerves from the left side of the brain routed to the right side of the body?

$400 Brainstem

$500Explain the functions of the following concepts:Dendrites: Sympathetic nervous systemReticular formation:Cerebellum: Occipital lobeCorpus callosum:

$500*Dendrites: receive incoming signals from other neurons. *Sympathetic: time of stress – heartbeat accelerates, blood pressure rising, sweating* Reticular formation: alertness * Cerebellum: balance* Occipital lobe: vision * Corpus callosum: connect left and right side of brain – split brain

$100

If someone was unable to recognize their own face in a mirror their difficulty stems from a deficiency in what type of processing?

$100

Top-down processing

Prosopagnosia

$200

the retina contains three kinds of color receptors according to which theory?

$200

Young-Helmholtz – retina contains three different color receptors – one most sensitive to red, one to green, one to blue – when stimulated in combination can produce the perception of any colorWhat is the other color vision theory?

Opponent-process theory – opposing retinal processes enable color vision

Red-greenYellow-blueWhite-black

$300

The hypnagogic sensations of falling or floating are most likely to occur during which sleep stage?

$300

Stage 1

$400During a hearing test, many sounds were presented at such a low level of intensity that I could hardly detect them. These sounds were below my

$400

Absolute threshold

$500

List and explain 3 different types of sleeping disorders

$500Sleep apnea – risk factor obesity Insomnia NarcolepsyNight terrors: occur in stage 4, most people grow out of them REM motor behavior disorder Sleep walking

$100

the specific body weight maintained automatically by most adults over long periods of time refers to the…

$100

Set point

$200 Question from H4Women are somewhat more likely than men to feel bisexual attractions. This best illustrates a gender difference in their

$200

Erotic plasticity

$300 Question from H4

According to Erikson trust vs. mistrust happens when? Identity versus identify confusion?

$300Infancy, adolescence Trust vs. mistrust Autonomy vs. shame and doubtInitiative vs. guiltIndustry vs. inferiorityIdentity vs. role confusionIntimacy vs. isolationGenerativity vs. stagnationIntegrity vs. despair

$400 Question from H4

What are the three stages of moral developmental and what are the differences between them?

$400

Preconventional: personal consequencesConventional: societal rules Postconventional: ethics, justice, and morals

$500 Question from H4

List and explain the 4 stages of cognitive development

$500 Answer from H4Sensorimotor: object permanence & Stanger anxiety Preoperational: egocentric & theory of mindConcrete operational: classification & conservation Formal operational: abstract thought & problem solving

$100 Question from H5

What is seasonal affective disorder and what is a common treatment?

$100 Answer from H5

Depression during the winter – light exposure therapy

200

We can more easily extinguish a fear of driving a car than a fear of holding snakes. This is best explained from a ________ perspective.

300

Biological

$300 Question from H5

List the psychologists in charge of the following experiments

*Authority/Shock *Conformity/Lines*Roles/Prison

$300 Answer from H5Stanley Milgram Solomon AschPhilip Zimbardo

$400 Question from H5

• Explain the Thematic Apperception Test – which perspective would use this personality test?

$400 Answer from H5People respond to ambiguous pictures

psychodynamic perspective – unconscious

$500 Question from H5

Define and give an example of secondary reinforcer and primary reinforcer

$500Secondary - money

Primary – food

Final JeopardyIdentify what perspective each of the following treatments are a part of and explain what they are:

1. Electroconvulsive therapy

2. Token economy

3. Systematic desensitization

4. Virtual reality exposure therapy

5. Aversive therapy

6. Unconditional positive regard

7. Insight therapy

8. Transference

9. Resistance

10. Psychopharmacology

Final Jeopardy Answer1. Electroconvulsive therapy

Biological (biomedical therapy – changes a biological component – targets brain activity) used for severely depressed patients – methods? Side effects: memory loss

2. Token economy:

Behavioral (believes behavior is learned – need to learn new behavior) – alters behavior through operant conditioning procedure

3. Systematic desensitization

Behavioral, type of exposure therapy used with phobias– uses classical conditioning associated a pleasant state (relaxation) with desired behavior (using hierarchy)

4. Virtual reality exposure therapy

Used with phobias, behavioral – classical conditioning – anxiety treatment that exposes people to their fears that are not easily done through direct exposure – use of virtual reality

5. Aversive therapy

behavioral – learning principal of classical conditioning – type of counterconditioning associates and unpleasant state with unwanted behavior – most commonly used with alcohol and smoking

6. Unconditional positive regard

Humanistic – Carl Rogers – shows empathy, caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude to help clients develop self-acceptance – built on the belief that people are born god and have potential to be good and reach full potential if have UPR

7. Insight therapy

Humanistic because focusing on present and future – conscious not unconscious, gives responsibility to patient, promotes growth – increases client’s awareness of motives and defenses

8. Transference

psychoanalysis because related to unconscious feelings of relationships outside of therapy in childhood

9. Resistance

psychoanalysis – related to unconscious defense of blocking anxiety laden material from conscious by not talking about it

10. Psychopharmacology

Biological – drugs aim to alter neurotransmitter and brain functioning – always sued with schizophrenia

FRQ TipStart off by explaining the overall perspective

Example: psychoanalytical perspective was started by Freud and centered on the belief that the unconscious and childhood shaped our abnormal behavior. Therefore; psychoanalytical perspective aims to reach the unconscious during treatment and identify how a patients childhood could have contributed to current problems. This often means a long and costly treatment in order to successful reach the unconscious. Psychodynamic therapy utilizing methods including hypnosis, free association, dream analysis, transference, and resistance.

Then go on to explain in detail transference and resistance