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3

The passing of traits from parent

to offspring

Heredity

Different forms of a trait that a gene

may have

Alleles

The study of how traits are inherited

through the interactions of

alleles

genetics

Mendel was the first to do this.

First to trace one trait through several

generations or use probability to

explain heredity

Receive different genetic information, or different alleles

for a trait from each parent.

hybrid

Covers up another trait

dominant

The form of a trait that seems to

disappear

recessive

A tool used to predict results in

genetics

Punnett Square

The genetic makeup of an

organism

genotype

The way an organism looks and

behaves

phenotype

An organism with two alleles that are

the same

homozygous

An organism that always produces the same traits

generation after generation

purebred

An organism that has two different alleles for a trait

heterozygous

When the offspring of two homozygous parents show an

intermediate phenotype

incomplete dominance

A trait controlled by more than two

alleles

multiple alleles

Occurs when a group of gene pairs

acts together to produce a trait

polygenic inheritance

The number of alleles that controls

blood type

three

Traits that are controlled by

polygenic inheritance

eye color, hair color, height, skin

color

An allele inherited on a sex

chromosome

sex-linked gene

Determines the sex of a child?

the male

Visual tool for following a trait

through generations of a

family

a pedigree chart

What determines the inheritance of

cystic fibrosis?

recessive genes

The reason Mendel’s

predictions were so accurate

He worked with large numbers of

plants

In this, both alleles are expressed in

offspring

incomplete dominance

An example of multiple alleles

blood type

How is it possible for two parents with

blood types A and B have a child with

blood type O?

O is recessive, parents could be

carriers

Physical appearance

resulting from genotype

phenotype

Colorblindness is an example of this

sex-linked disorder

A capital letter stands for this

dominant trait

The chance that an event will take place

probability

Make your wager

The three principles of heredity

Traits are controlled by alleles, alleles effect is dominant or recessive,

different alleles for a trait move into separate sex

cells during meiosis