1.Thomas Jefferson Memorial Honoring Our 3rd US PresidentFounder of Republicanism in America

2. Jefferson Pre-Presidency Born April 13, 1743 at Shadwell Plantation in Albemarle County Virginia to Peter Jefferson of Welsh ancestry and Jane Randolph, a descendent from kings of Scotland and England Spent boyhood at Tuckahoe Plantation (1745-1752) working farm established by prominent influential Randolph family Educated in 1-room schoolhouse by private tutor William Douglas, a Scottish minister avid learner of Greek, French and Latin from age 9 read/wrote music and played violin by age 14 Left fatherless at age 14 became landowner, slave owner and head of family (1757) Earned B.A. degree at College of William & Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia at age 19 (1762) 3. Jefferson Pre-PresidencyMost Enlightened Man of the 18th Century Studied law under George Wythe, distinguished jurist and prominent law professor admitted to Virginia Bar (1767) At age 25, elected to Virginia House of Burgesses the 1st assembly of elected representatives of English colonists in North America (1769) Served as Virginia delegate to Continental Congress in Philadelphia (1775) Authored Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom creating doctrine of separation of church and state (1777) became US law in 1786 Primary author of Declaration of Independence drafted alongside John Adams and Benjamin Franklin approved by Continental Congress on July 4, 1776 4. Jefferson Pre-Presidency Served as wartime Governor of Virginia (1779-1781) duringAmerican Revolution Became US Ambassador to France succeeding Benjamin Franklin stationed in Paris to negotiate commercial treaties (1785) Appointed US 1st Secretary of State under President Washington(1790-1793) resigned due to sympathy for French Revolution(1789-1799), a decade of social and political upheaval by thepeople of France learning of democracy in America resulted incollapse of monarchy, aristocracy and religious authority As runner-up in 1st contested presidential election (defeated by 3votes), became US 2nd Vice-president (1797-1801) under PresidentJohn Adams While VP, wrote A Manual of Parliamentary Procedure to keeporder in Senate (1797) Became 3rd president of American Philosophical Society foundedby Benjamin Franklin (1797) 5. Jefferson The President Apostle of Democracy As member of Democrat-Republican party, elected 3rd USpresident defeating John Adams and serving 2 terms (1801-1809) his 1st term election known as Revolution of 1800 whenRepublicans swept elections nationwide, marking 1st peacefultransfer of power from one party to another in American history Established US Military Academy at West Point, NY throughMilitary Peace Establishment Act (1802) underscoringimportance of useful sciences in educating corps of engineers toprotect a young nation from enemy forces Purchased 828,000-sq-mile Louisiana Territory from FrenchEmperor Napoleon Bonaparte for $15 million (roughly 4 centsan acre) effectively doubling size of US known as LouisianaPurchase (1803) Sent Lewis & Clark Expedition (1804-1806) to explore newwest 6. Jefferson The President Oversaw Embargo Act (1807) forbidding all foreigncommerce to persuade Britain to revise its maritimepolicies by applying economic pressure at hisrequest, Congress passes Enforcement Actincreasing authority to intercept and seize cargoessuspected to be in violation of embargo Non-Intercourse Act (1809) replaced Embargo Act legalized trade with all nations except Britain andFrance authorized re-opening trade with either orboth if their maritime policies and American claimsto neutral shipping rights were recognized Laws resulted in great US economic distress induced Britain to begin military operations againstUS eventually leading to War of 1812 Left Washington DC for beloved estate Monticello never to return, or to leave Virginia (1809) 7. President: Fast Facts Throughout his lifetime, fiercely supported virtues ofRepublicanism democracy, states rights and limited Federalgovernment 1st president inaugurated in new capital city of Washington DC took office at age 57 Sold personal 6,000+ volume library to Congress for $24,000 topay down debts collection begins Library of Congress, (1815),and is now the worlds largest library Founded University of Virginia (1819) fulfilling aspirations for both free and universal education and agrarian democracy in new Republic specifically free of church influences university opens as 1st centered around a library rather than a church (1825) Died at Monticello on July 4, 1826 (on 50th anniversary ofDeclaration of Independence signing and same day as rivalstatesman John Adams) buried in hillside family cemeterybeside his wife 8. Jefferson: Private Life Known as horticulturist, statesman, architect, archaeologist,inventor Invented clocks, dumbwaiter, polygraph machine, Venetian blinds,moldboard for a plow and achromatic telescope Mutual love of music cemented romance with Martha WaylesSkelton fond of Chamber and Baroque for strings and keyboard Italian Arcangelo Corelli known to be favorite composer 10-year marriage (1772) produced 6 children only 2 survived toadulthood remained widower after Marthas death (1782) Established residence at Monticello plantationestate on inherited land in Charlottesville, Virginia Sally Hemings, Jeffersons mixed-race fair-skin slaveinherited from his wife served as ladys maid to his daughters in2000, DNA tests and in-depth genealogy studies conducted by TheMonticello Foundation, The National Geographical Society and TheThomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation concluded Jeffersonfathered Hemings 6 children born between 1795-1808 9. Jefferson The MemorialTribute to Philosopher & Statesman Located in West Potomac Park on shore of Tidal Basin of Potomac River south of White House in Washington DC Neoclassical Palladian-style architecture composed of circular marble steps, a portico, a circular colonnade of ionic order columns and a 129-ft high shallow dome modeled after Pantheon of Rome designed by architect John Russell Pope trained in tradition of Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris Built by Philadelphia contractor John McShain (1939-1943) 19-ft tall bronze statue of Jefferson by sculptor Rudulph Evans casted by Roman Bronze Company of NY delayed installation (1947) due to shortage of bronze during World War II 10. Jefferson The Memorial Interior walls engraved with passages from Jeffersons writings:We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, among these are life, liberty, andthe pursuit of happiness, that to secure these rightsgovernments are instituted among men. We solemnly publish and declare, that these colonies are and of right ought to be free and independent states. And for the support of this declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of divine providence, we mutually pledge our lives, our fortunes, andour sacred honour.Southwest interior wall ~ Declaration of Independence (1776) Triangular pediment relief above entrance created by sculptor Adolph A. Weinman depicts 5 members of Declaration of Independence Drafting Committee Surrounded by cherry blossom trees given to US by Tokyo (1912) 11. Memorial: Fast Facts Thomas Jefferson Memorial Commission was established to plan,design and construct memorial (1934) 108 years after his death Architectural style reflects Jeffersons documented tastes seen atMonticello and Rotunda at University of Virginia critics view itsimperial grandeur at odds with American democratic spirit Architect Pope dies without seeing completion of his vision (1937) partners Daniel P Higgins and Otto R. Eggers take over project Cornerstone laid by President Franklin D. Roosevelt (1939) Dedicated by President Roosevelt on April 13, 1943 200thanniversary of Jeffersons birthday Site of annual ceremonies including Easter Sunrise Services andCherry Blossom Festival Ranks 4th on list of Americas FavoriteArchitecture by American Institute of Architects(2007) Final cost to build = $3,192,312 12. Other Honors & Tributes Jefferson National Expansion Memorial ("Gateway Arch") in SaintLouis, Missouri Statue sculpted by Moses Ezekial University of Virginia (1910) Depicted in stone at Mount Rushmore National Memorial, SouthDakota Portrait featured on US $2 bill and 5 nickel Portrait appears 14 times on US Postage stamps (1856-1993)including 1st commemorative issue to ever honor US President (1904) Memorial appears at least 6 times Thomas Jefferson University & Hospital, Philadelphia Washington & Jefferson College Washington, Pennsylvania Thomas Jefferson School of Law San Diego, California Thomas Jefferson Library, University of Missouri-St Louis Mount Jefferson Cascade Range, Oregon Jefferson, Maine Jefferson, New Hampshire Jefferson City,Missouri THOMAS.gov In the spirit of Thomas Jefferson, legislativeinformation from the Library of Congress 13. ReferencesJefferson Pre-Presidency - Content & Images Timeline - http://www.shmoop.com/thomas-jefferson/timeline.htmlBoyhood Tuckahoe Plantation - Thomas Jefferson Schoolworkhelper.com, St. Rosemary Educational Institution -http://www.tuckahoeplantation.com/Tuckahoe_Plantation/History.html, http://schoolworkhelper.net/2011/05/thomas-jefferson-biography-presidency/http://www.virginia.org/Listings/HistoricSites/TuckahoePlantationboyhoodhomeofThoma West Point - http://www.monticello.org/site/research-and-collections/united-states-sJefferson/ military-academy-west-pointThomas Jefferson, Famous People - http://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/thomas-Sally Hemings, Black History Month -jefferson-72.phphttp://zmblackhistorymonth2011.blogspot.com/2011/02/feb-4-sally-hemings-mother-Thomas Jefferson A Boys Life - http://www.awesomestories.com/biographies/thomas- to.htmljefferson/a-boys-life Photos:Jefferson Childhood - http://www.shmoop.com/thomas-jefferson/childhood.html Statue of Thomas Jefferson - Rotunda - University of Virginia - www.virginia.eduJefferson the Violinist http://lewis-clark.org/content/content-article.asp?ArticleID=1241 Statue of Thomas Jefferson at the University of Virginia at Wise - Thomas Jefferson, Wikipedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jeffersonhttp://www.aboutfamouspeople.com/article5003.htmlThomas Jefferson USHistory.org -Jefferson statue, Washington, D.C. Library of Congress -http://www.ushistory.org/declaration/signers/jefferson.htmhttp://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2011630749/Thomas Jefferson Declaration Committee, National Park Service Statue at Monticello - http://www2.monticello.org/featured/9statue.htmlhttp://www.nps.gov/thje/historyculture/the-declaration-committee.htmMonticello Thomas Jeffersons home in Charlottesville, VirginiaJefferson Whitehouse.gov -http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2011633053/http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/thomasjefferson Timeline - University of Virginia Rotunda - http://www.virginia.edu/rotunda/http://www.shmoop.com/thomas-jefferson/timeline.htmlMonticello http://www.monticello.org/site/jefferson Jefferson, The Memorial Content & ImagesPhotos: Jefferson Memorial, National Park Service, http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/wash/dc73.htmShadwell -Waymarking.com -Jefferson Memorial About.com -http://www.waymarking.com/gallery/image.aspx?f=1&guid=86b63133-5ca1-4830-9f14-http://dc.about.com/od/monuments/p/JeffersonMem.htmf02f425ae47eJefferson Memorial, Tour of DC - http://www.tourofdc.org/monuments/jefferson-Tuckahoe Plantation - memorial/http://www.tuckahoeplantation.com/Tuckahoe_Plantation/History.htmlJohn Russell Pope, Wikipedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Russell_PopeCollege of William and Mary http://americangardenhistory.blogspot.com/2009/11/yards-Photos: Jefferson Memorial - http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/highsm.12557/ ,in-early-american-landscape.htmlhttp://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2010630278/Writing the Declaration of Independence 1776- Wikipedia -http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Writing_the_Declaration_of_Independence_1776_cph.3g Other Honors & Tributes Content09904.jpg List of Jefferson Tributes -Declaration of Independence - http://research.history.org/pf/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_places_named_for_Thomas_Jefferson--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Audio: Arcangelo Corelli - Concerto Grosso Op. 6 No. 4 - 1. Adagio Allegro, AdventChamber Orchestra - Wikipedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcangelo_CorelliJefferson, The President ContentThomas Jefferson, Wikipedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_JeffersonThomas Jefferson, Famous People - http://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/thomas-jefferson-72.phpJefferson Whitehouse.gov -http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/thomasjeffersonContent and images on this site are believed to be posted within rights according to the U.S. Copyright Fair Use Act (title 17, U.S. Code.), are readily available in various places on Internet and believed to be in public domain. Compiled by Susan Senning, San Mateo CA 2012