jeep as 2067 presentation by peter willis

AS 2067 – Substations and High Voltages Installations

DIgSILENT Pacific

Peter Willis Committee Member EL-43Standards Australia

DIgSILENT Pacific PowerFactory Training 1

DIgSILENT Pacific

Melbourne Office

Suite 8 Level 2 · 437 St Kilda Road · Melbourne · Victoria · 3004 · Australia

Koos Theron, Kate Bebejewska, Karen Theron and Brad Henderson

Perth Office

Suite 11 · 189 St Georges Terrace · Perth · Western Australia · 6000 · Australia

Peter Willis, Hai Le, Randy Supangat, John Hall and Suzanne Robertson

AS 2067 – Substations and High Voltages Installations

DISCUSSION•History of AS 2067 and HV sections of The Wiring Rules•Legislative References


•Legislative References•Related Requirements– HV Submissions•The New Standard (5 years in the making...already getting old)•Interpretation & Practical Outcomes

AS2067 - 1984 It wasn’t broken so why change it?

Reports that say that something hasn't happened are always interesting to me, because as we know, there are

It was a matter dealing with known issues and unknown issues.

IEC standards have a way of stating of the obvious exhaustively

always interesting to me, because as we know, there are known knowns; there are things we know we know. We also know there are known unknowns; that is to say we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns - the ones we don't know we don't know.


Role of Standards

• Standards development via Standards Australia is a consensus-based process.

• It takes time, but is the best approach

• Requires participation, continuity, good project management and $$$

• Committees made up of organisations represented by individuals. -P.Willis - Engineers Australia representative (one of two)-funded by DIgSILENT and personally.-funded by DIgSILENT and personally.

• Community consultation rounds are taken very seriously and extensively debated. Most public comments came from organisations already represented.

• Very little comment came out of Western Australia....

Ultimately, it is a case that:

‘End users deserve the standards they get.....’


AS 2067 – A History

History of AS 2067Switchgear Assemblies and Ancillary equipment for alternating voltages above 1kV’

•Last Published 1984•Fell out of step with various reforms of The Wiring Rules


Wiring Rules•Overlapped & contradicted many other standards, particularly in Earthing•Intended to exclude requirements for specific apparatus, but often failed to do so.•Served us well for 25 years, but revision long overdue

AS 2067 – A Mandated Standard in WA

Legaslative References (WA)Electricity (Licensing) Regulations 1991

Part 5 — Regulation of electrical work

[48. Repealed in Gazette 6 Sep 1996 p. 4415.]

49. Electrical work to be carried out in accordance with certain requirements

(1) A person shall carry out electrical work in accordance with the requirements of —


(a) the Australian/New Zealand Wiring Rules as amended from time to time;

(b) the W A Electrical Requirements as amended from time to time,

and the following standards, as published by Standards Australia and amended from time to

time, where those standards are relevant to the electrical work being carried out, namely —

AS 2067: “Switchgear Assemblies and Ancillary Equipment for A/C Voltages above 1Kv”;.........


Legaslative References (WA)Mines Safety and Inspection Regulations 1995

Part 5 — Electricity in mines

5.1. Terms used in this Part

....

electrical work has the same meaning as in the Electricity (Licensing) Regulations 1991;


5.18. High voltage installations

.....

(2) Each responsible person at a mine must ensure that —

.....

(d) any safety equipment required to be provided under the Electricity Regulations 1947

is provided in respect of any high voltage installation at the mine;

(e) any methods of work required to be complied with under the Electricity

Regulations 1947 are complied with in respect of any high voltage installation at the mine;

and....


Legaslative References (WA)WA Electrical Requirements July 2008


WA Electrical Requirements Amendment 1

AS 2067 & The Wiring Rules

Electrical Bulletin No. 41 / Electrical Focus No. 41



Electrical Bulletin No. 45

AS 2067:2008 Substations and high voltage installations exceeding 1kV a.c.

This extensively revised and retitled Australian Standard was published on 12 December 2008.

Appendix K of AS/NZS 3000:2007 Wiring rules, dealing with consumers’ high voltage

installations, is redundant and no longer applies.


The Standard applies to network operator and consumer-owned substations, and consumer-owned

high voltage installations. This Standard is listed with other mandatory standards in Section 12.11

of the WA Electrical Requirements.

The new AS 2067 comes into force on 1 July 2009. Projects in the design or tender stage may be

constructed to the 1984 version of the Standard, provided the network operator, or EnergySafety

as appropriate, has received the Preliminary Notice prior to this date.

Projects must comply with the new Standard if their Preliminary Notice is submitted after 1 July

2009. Project design work about to start should adopt the new Standard.

AS 2067 – 1984

1984 Document- Sections•Ratings of equipment•Design & Construction•Marking & Identification•Control & Indication


•Control & Indication•Auxiliary Systems (Electrical & Air)•Electrical Clearances for Switchgear•Electrical Clearance for Safety•Tests•Appendices –

Design of Earthing Systems, Functional Identification of Small Wiring, Design of Compressed Air Systems, Provision of Safety Clearances & Work Sections, Joining busbars.

AS 2067 – 1984

1984 Version - Sections•Ratings of equipment•Design & Construction•Marking & Identification•Control & Indication•Auxiliary Systems (Electrical & Air)


•Auxiliary Systems (Electrical & Air)•Electrical Clearances for Switchgear•Electrical Clearance for Safety•Tests•Appendices –

Design of earthing systems Jointing busbarsFunctional identification of small wiring Design of compressed air systems Work Sections

AS 2067 – 2008

2008 Version

•Scope–•For an electrical network operator, covers substations but not the distribution systems.•Covers power stations and interconnecting lines & cables


•Covers power stations and interconnecting lines & cables between power stations if on the same site•Consumer and Customer electrical installation, serving factories, commercial facilities, industrial plants, institutional facilities and mine sites.

AS 2067 – 2008

2008 VersionSections–

• Electrical Requirements• Structural Requirements• Climatic & Environmental Conditions• Insulation Co-ordination


• Insulation Co-ordination• High Voltage Equipment• General Requirements• Safety Measures• Protection, Control & Auxiliary Measures• Earthing Systems• Inspection & Testing• Operation & Maintenance• Requirements for Consumer High Voltage Installations

AS 2067 – 2008

2008 VersionSame -Safety clearances-Substation fences

Same but different-Barriers & Obstacles


-Barriers & Obstacles-Egress & access

Significantly changed-Earthing

New-Protection against fire (transformer clearances)-Oil Containment-Protection against arcing faults-Transportable buildings

HV Changes to The Wiring Rules

1 Ohm target resistance to earth – GONE!




New notices of completion make no mention of having to achieve any specific resistance.

So...do we throw our earth resistance meters away?

Absolutely not - they are part of the Touch & Step solution.

The Wiring Rules-2007

7.6 HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS

7.6.1 Scope

The provisions of this Clause 7.6 apply to electrical installations and those portions of electrical installations operating at high voltage.

For protection and earthing purposes, this Clause also applies to all the electrical equipment up to and For protection and earthing purposes, this Clause also applies to all the electrical equipment up to and including any low voltage cables and switchgear associated with high voltage transformers.

This Clause 7.6 does not apply to the following:

(a) Electric discharge illumination systems.

(b) X-ray equipment.

(c) High frequency equipment.

(d) High voltage wiring and electrical equipment enclosed within self-contained electrical equipment and supplied at low voltage where appropriate precautions have been taken to prevent contact with high voltage conductors.


Wiring Rules

7.6.2 Application

7.6.2.1 In Australia

In Australia electrical installations and those portions of electrical installations operating at high voltage shall be installed in accordance with the requirements of Appendix K.

NOTE:

A standard providing requirements for the design and installation of high voltage installations is A standard providing requirements for the design and installation of high voltage installations is currently under development. This Standard will take the form of a revision of AS 2067—1984, which is currently cited in legislation in some States for particular facets of high voltage electrical design and installation.

Following publication of the revised AS 2067, the design and installation of high voltage electrical installations is to be in accordance with the requirements of that Standard.

A transition period (nominally six months) will apply, following publication of the revised AS 2067, for the construction of high voltage installations designed to the requirements of Appendix K of this Standard.


Wiring Rules

7.6.3 Issues relevant to high voltage installations

When designing high voltage electrical installations, consideration must be given to a range of issues that are not normally as significant an issue for installations less that 1 kV.

Such issues include the following:

(a) Insulation levels to withstand highest voltage and/or impulse withstand voltages.

(b) Minimum clearances to live parts taking into account electrode configurations and impulse withstand voltages.

(c) Minimum clearances under special conditions. (c) Minimum clearances under special conditions.

(d) The application of various devices connected to the system.

(e) The methods of installation of equipment, cables and accessories.

(f) General requirements of installations regarding choice of circuit arrangement, documentation, transport routes, lighting, operational safety and labelling.

(g) Special requirements with respect to buildings.

(h) Protection measures with respect to access.

(i) Protection measures with respect to fire.

(j) Provision of earthing such that the system operates under all conditions and ensures safety of human life where there is legitimate access.

(k) Testing.


New Notices


Interpretation – Substation Buildings

Indoor Substation Buildings:

- Must comply to Building Code, but there are still BCA issues.

- Must take into account pressure from any arcing faults

- Exterior surface accessible to public must not be removable

- External windows are ‘unbreakable’

- Aisles must be 750mm minimum and not restricted by permanent mechanisms, such as switchgear trucks in isolated position

- Escape routes much achieve 600mm in the direction of escape, even when removable parts or open doors intrude the path. Ideally such doors close in the direction of escape.

- Maximum length of escape route must comply to Section D of BCA.

- No simple rule to the 1-Door or 2-Door question.


Interpretation – Substation Doors

Indoor Substation Buildings Access Doors:

- Shall be secured to prevent unauthorised access

- Shall open outwards, except where the action of others may block the door (suggest this is approached with great caution)

- Position to not be blocked by parked vehicles

- Must be opened from inside without a key by latch or simple means even - Must be opened from inside without a key by latch or simple means even when locked from the outside

- Panic bars or large levers shall be fitted to all outward opening doors used for egress from rooms contain HV switchgear.

- Minimum 1980mm high and 750mm wide.

- Sliding and rolling doors not permitted as escape doors.


Interpretation – Oil Containment

Protection against leakage of insulating liquid

- The qty of insulating liquid in equipment, the volume of water from rain and fire suppression, proximity to water courses and soil conditions shall be considered in the selection of a containment system

- Emphasis the use of sumps, which is non-typical in WA industry.

- Every indoor and outdoor high voltage installation containing equipment - Every indoor and outdoor high voltage installation containing equipment with more than 500 litres of a liquid dielectric such as transformer insulating oil, shall have provision for containing the total volume of any possible leakage. Leakage can occur due to many reasons including equipment tank rupture, and can cause a fire hazard as well as other environmental hazards. If the liquid dielectric is combustible, then it should be provided with a flame trap and containment tank. A suitable arrangement is depicted in Figures 6.3 to 6.8. These figures are included as examples of what may be provided and do not prevent the use of other containment/separation systems that achieve the overall objective of AS 1940—2004, Appendix H.


Interpretation – SF6 Leakage

SF6 Leakage (Above Ground Substations)

- Cross ventilation is sufficient, but requirements are that ½ of the ventilation required shall be close to ground.

- Mechanical ventilation may be required


Interpretation – Protection

Determining the need for protection

- Utility committee members had strong views on escalating the protection issues.

- “Power system protection is a field of engineering expertise requiring specialised education, training and expertise. This is applicable both with respect to design and field activities. Provision of protection functions within a substation and high voltage installation shall be carried out by competent persons”

- Protection grading studies are required, but the engineering service industry needs to be aware that numerical relays/IED’s are complex and a very hands-on approach is required to get the required outcomes.

Protection & Auxiliary supplies

- Essential and non-essential supplies shall be categorised.

- UPS’s are now recognised as important, but must be redundant with auto-changover.

- 5 Hour minimum storage no longer required.


Interpretation – Earthing

Fundamental Requirements

- Driven by current limit of the human body

- Translates into Touch and Step tolerance

- Essentially is probabilistic in terms of population factors, but not yet factoring co-incident risk.

- There are no target resistances anymore.- There are no target resistances anymore.

Earthing Systems

- Interconnected or Separated

- Interconnected is the favoured approach

Design Flowchart


Interpretation – Inspection & Testing

Verifications that shall be achieved:

- Minimum clearances of live parts, barriers, heights etc

- Functional tests of settings, circuitry and programming

- Inspection of markings, safety signs and safety devices

- Correct fire ratings

- Emergency exists

- Earthing systems

Tests:

- Power-frequency test for switchgear

- Voltage test for cables

Records:

- All required measurements and tests to be kept for life of the asset


Interpretation – Operation and Maintenance

Each Installation shall have :

- Operational manual describing normal, emergency and maintenance procedures, as well as safety instructions for the operation of the HV Installation

- A set of up-to-date drawings and diagrams, to enable operators to provide safe and efficient interventions.safe and efficient interventions.

- Manufacturers O&M manuals and test reports.

- Emergency routes to nearest hospital & emergency phone numbers.


Global Earth


Global Earth (continued)


HV Submissions in WA

HV Installation completed by in house license on their own assets connected to a Network Operator


Network Operator

HV Installation completed by Electrical Contractor on assets connected to Network Operator

jeep as 2067 presentation by peter willis

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