jc aqa adds 006 b21 2 prs plantcells
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Specialised cells
Cells may be specialised to carry out a particular function
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Palisade cells
• Large surface area.• Many tightly packed
chloroplasts.
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Root hair cells
• Thin membrane.• Large surface area.
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Guard cells
• Half-circle shape.• Found in pairs.
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Xylem cells
• Hollow.• Form long tubes.• Walls contain lignin.
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Epidermal cells
• Closely fitting.• Thin waxy layer.
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B2 1 Cells
Animal cells – structure and function
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Fat cells
• Have little normal cytoplasm.
• Have few mitochondria.
• Can expand up to 1000x.
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Neurones
• Long and thin.• Form connections
with other neurones.• Can carry electrical
impulses in one direction.
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Red blood cells
• Large surface area.• Small diameter.• No nucleus.• Contain haemoglobin.
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Muscle cells
• Elongated.• Contain many
mitochondria.• Can contract.
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Sperm cells
• Large nucleus.• Contain digestive
enzymes.• Many mitochondria.• Have long tail.
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Gland cells
• Large cells.• Lie next to blood
capillaries.• Able to manufacture
and secrete chemicals.
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Egg cells
• Large in diameter.• Contain stored food.• Large nucleus.
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