Jay F. Nunamaker, Jr. – DirectorElyse Golob – Executive Director

Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border

Thursday, February 26, 2009

Meydenbauer Center (Bellevue, WA)

National Center forBorder Security and

Immigration

Research Lead: University of Arizona

226 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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What is BSI?

DHS Center of Excellence– Bring together leading experts to conduct critical

research in border security and immigration Consortium of 14 universities– Develop innovative technologies and effective

policies to protect the northern and southern borders

Scientific mission– Provide sponsor with scientific knowledge to

meet the changing demands at the borders– Enhance long-term understanding of

immigration dynamics and determinants26 FEB 2009

National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Objectives

Visionary, user-inspired research– Explore novel solutions with rapid transition path

to testing, evaluation and implementation Systems integration (TECH/MGMT/POLICY)– Use multiple disciplines to help define

approaches and speed acceptance Collaborative infrastructure and network-

centric model– “Wiki-like” Internet portal

Leverage existing activities– Infrastructure and grants (~$200 million)

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Overview of Research Areas

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

RA1 – Detection RA2 – Networks RA3 – Fusion

RA4 – Risk RA5 – Population

RA6 – Immigration RA7 – Governance RA8 – Law

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Research Area 1 – DetectionHumans, Vehicles and Decision Support

Mission– Expedite identification of suspicious activity in

rapid screening environments Objectives– Rapidly detect deception and hostile intent– Convey real-time alerts to screening agents– Formulate profiles of activity and identity– Extend biometric measures– Identify high-risk vehicles

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Research Area 1 – DetectionHumans, Vehicles and Decision Support

Equipment provided by the Defense Academy for Credibility Assessment (DACA)

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Research Area 2 – NetworksInteroperability, Reliability and C3

Mission– More effective and vigilant monitoring of northern

and southern borders using networked sensors Objectives

– How do we monitor and communicate along the border? Build self-sustaining sensor networks for ground, water, and

subsurface deployment Improve lifetime, robustness, and fault tolerance of sensor

nets Utilize renewable energy to power sensors Develop advanced imaging of objects obscured by rough

terrain Develop interoperability of C3 activities

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Research Area 2 – NetworksInteroperability, Reliability and C3

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Research Area 3 – FusionTools and Approaches

Mission– Identify immediate border security concerns

through information fusion and data mining Objectives– Fuse cross-jurisdictional security data– Identify patterns in dynamic data generated by

sensors– Create a “Common Operating Picture” from

human and non-human sensors– Dynamically link users with sensors for improved

situational analysis– Reduce sensor false alarms

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Research Area 3 – FusionTools and Approaches

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Research Area 4 – RiskMitigation, Assessment and Alignment

Mission– Quantify, assess, and mitigate border security

risks Objectives– Measure threats and security levels– Simulate and model countermeasures– Inventory and evaluate current technologies– Identify, test and evaluate easily-deployed and

commercially available technologies– Identify technology gaps requiring further

development

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Research Area 4 – RiskMitigation, Assessment and Alignment

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Research Area 5 – PopulationMethods, Metrics and Estimates

Mission– Accurately determine the size and

characteristics of the unauthorized population Objective– Attempt to find answers to the following

questions: How do we improve estimates of the unauthorized

population? What factors influence immigrant migration patterns? How do we improve estimates of visa overstays?

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Research Area 5 – PopulationMethods, Metrics and Estimates

Unauthorized Population Compare current methods & estimates Develop new approaches for more accurate estimation Estimate sub-populations (e.g., skilled vs. non-skilled

workers)

Immigrant Migration Use new data to assess immigrant population flows Perform microeconomic analysis of labor market

assimilation

Visa Overstays Find data to improve current estimates Calculate average visa overstay rates Determine demographics of overstays

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Research Area 6 – ImmigrationEconomics, Policies and Alternatives

Mission– Enhance the understanding of the long- and

short-term economic effects of immigration Objectives– Better explain and predict the effects of current

and future immigration policies, with particular respect to: Workforce demands Economic and social impacts Public institutions

26 FEB 2009

National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Research Area 6 – ImmigrationEconomics, Policies and Alternatives

Workforce Discover the consequences of employer verification

programs Determine the consequences of eliminating

unauthorized immigrants from the workforce

Economic and Social Impacts Investigate the costs and benefits of immigration in

terms of taxes, spending, health care, etc.

Public Institutions Determine the fiscal impacts of illegal immigration on

the criminal justice, education and health care systems Learn how interior enforcement can effectively

supplement border enforcement

26 FEB 2009

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Research Area 7 – GovernanceLaw Enforcement & International Cooperation

Mission– Balance trade and security for cooperative

border management and improve crime control mechanisms

Objectives– Optimize inter-agency coordination– Central American gangs as a proxy for crime &

terrorism– Assess local law enforcement collaborations to

identify, investigate and prosecute criminal aliens

– Balance international trade and border security

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Research Area 8 – LawCivil Liberties and Rights

Mission– Provide timely and sound guidance to prevent

the integration of practices and policies that could be subject to successful challenges in the courts

Objectives– Ensure all tasks and projects will conform to:

Civil rights Civil liberties Human rights protections Laws and treaties of the United States

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Research Area 8 – LawCivil Liberties and Rights

Topics of Interest International trade Cross-border transportation Laws of other countries Customs Family law

Impacted Research Areas Border surveillance & screening technology Exchanges of biometric information Detention Immigration law Customary and conventional international law Law enforcement

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Summary

Provide a balanced research portfolio Engage top researchers Test technology on northern and southern

borders Disseminate research results Interact with end-users and stakeholders Educate next-generation HS experts Encourage minority group participation Serve as a national resource in border

security and immigration policy

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Contact Information

Website– http://www.bsi.arizona.edu

Fact Sheet– http://www.bsi.arizona.edu/BSI-FactSheet.pdf

Directors– Jay Nunamaker jnunamaker@bsi.arizona.edu– Elyse Golob egolob@bsi.arizona.edu

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Credibility Assessment Devices

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

LDV THERMAL BLINK

PUPILLOMETRY

EYE-TRACKING

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Embodied Avatar KioskRapid Deception Assessment Screening

Mission– Rapid, automated deception assessments using

kiosk-based embodied avatars and intelligent agents

Objectives– Identify deception cues in rapid standing

assessments – Intelligent agent-based real-time cue processing

& analysis– Temporal cue pattern identification– Embodied avatar effectiveness optimization– Repeated assessment analysis and baseline

profiling– Effective threat index and deception index

development

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA

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Embodied Avatar KioskRapid Deception Assessment Screening

26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of

Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA