japan joe meis dylan hoffman phil fischer. early japanese government japan is a parliamentary...
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JapanJoe MeisDylan HoffmanPhil Fischer
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Early Japanese GovernmentJapan is a parliamentary democracyJapanese state was founded by
Emperor Jimmu in 660 B.C. First political system had an emperor who ruled by divine right.Japan did not open to any significant Western contacts until 1853.
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Early Japanese GovernmentUnited States occupied
Japan for seven years after their defeat in World War II.
During this time social, political, and economic reforms took place.
Japan is now the leading democracy and economic power in the non-Western world.
Tokyo
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The ConstitutionAdopted in 1947.Rejects the earlier
scheme of government.
Today, emperor has no power to govern.
Declares the basic freedoms. (Like the USA’s Bill of Rights.)
Japan has only a “self-defense” military force established in 1954.
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The National DietJapan’s parliamentHouse of Councillors- upper
houseHouse of Representatives- lower
houseLike Britain, lower house has
more power
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House of CouncillorsHas prestige
but little power
Serve an advisory role.
Provide a forum for the country’s leaders to discuss issues of concern.
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House of RepresentativesCan make or break prime minister.Lower house has power to make treaties,
raise funds, and appropriate money.Both houses pass billsLower house can override a negative vote in
upper house by passing two-thirds majority.480 seats in lower house
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Consensus PoliticsJapanese society places great
emphasis on avoiding confrontation.
Concensus: Broad agreement on public questions.
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Executive FunctionsHouse of
Representatives chooses prime minister.
Prime minister appoints members of the cabinet.
Dissolution: The power of the Prime Minister to dissolve the House of Representatives.
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The BureaucracyTechnocrats: experts in
administrative affairs.Jobs are highly prized by
Japanese.It plays a key role in Japan’s
economy.
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Political PartiesDominated by one party: the
Liberal Democrats.Started in 1955 and was merged
from several parties.
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The CourtsIndependent and patterned on
American model.Have the power of judicial review.Rarely strikes down acts of the
Diet.
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Regional and Local GovernmentPrefectures: The 47
political subdivisions into which Japan is divided.
Each district has an elected governor.
Prefectures control high schools.
Municipalities elect mayors and deal with local issues.