Japans WWII Story 1919-1945

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Japan in WWII

Areas Controlled by Japan during WWII

Several regions in China - 1938 - 1945French Indochina (Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos) - July 15, 1940 - August 29, 1945Hong Kong (UK) - December 12, 1940 - August 15, 1945Thailand- as an 'allied' state although induced - December 8, 1941 - August 15, 1941British New Guinea - December 27, 1941 - September 15, 1945Philippines (USA) - January 2, 1942 - November 27, 1944Guam (USA) - January 6, 1942 - October 24, 1945Dutch East Indies - January 18, 1942 - October 21, 1945Portuguese Timor - February 19, 1942 - September 2, 1945Malaya (UK)- March 27, 1942 - September 6, 1945

Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India) - March 29, 1942 - September 9, 1945Straits Settlements (Singapore) - March 29, 1942 - September 9, 1945Kingdom of Sarawak (UK) - March 29, 1942 - September 9, 1945Brunei (UK) - March 29, 1942 - September 9, 1945North Borneo (UK) - March 29, 1942 - September 9, 1945Nauru - August 26, 1942 - September 13, 1945Imphal (India) - November 4, 1942 - August 15, 1945Wake Island (USA) - December 27, 1942 - January 18, 1944Gilbert and Ellice Islands (UK) - February 22, 1943 - January 22, 1944Christmas island (Australia) - May 5, 1943 - January 25, 1944Attu and Kiska Islands (Alaska) - June 6, 1943 - September 27, 1943

Areas Attacked but Not Conquered

Air raids on Australia: Broome (Western Australia)Darwin (Northern Territory, Australia)Newcastle (New South Wales, Australia)Sydney (New South Wales, Australia)British Columbia (Canada)Kohima and Manipur (India)Colombo and Trincomalee (Sri Lanka)Dornod (Khalkhin Gol, Mongolia)United States Santa Barbara (California)Pearl Harbor (Hawaii)Midway AtollFort Stevens (Oregon)

Japan in the 1920sJoined the League of NationsSigned the 4, 5 and 9 Power Pacts4 Power Pact-US, GB, France and Japan would respect each others possessions in the Pacific5 Power Pact-US, GB, France, Italy and Japan would limit naval size9 Power Pact-US, GB, France, Italy, Japan, Belgium, Netherlands, Portugal and China agree to the Open Door Policy and guarantee Chinese independenceSigned the Kellogg-Briand Pact

Japanese Invasion of Manchuria-1931

Japanese Invasion of Manchuria

The League of Nations condemned the action but could not enforce its authority as it had no military forceThe message sent to aggressive countries was that a major power could get away with using force because Great Britain and France did not want warJapan dropped out of the League of Nations shortly after invasion

China Incident-July 1937

Rape of Nanking-Late 1937-Early 1938A mass killing of Chinese people(up to 300,000)Mass raping of Chinese women and girlsMass looting and arsonSome in Japan have denied that the military killed civilians for no reasonStill causes tension between the two countries todayThere was a war crimes trial after the war to try Japanese soldiers for participationOverall, throughout WWII, Japan killed almost 6,000,000 people--Chinese, Indonesians, Koreans, Filipinos, Indochinese, Western prisoners of war, etc.

Warning: Graphic Content Ahead!

Quarantine Speech-1937

Panay Incident-December 1937

American gunboat attacked on river in China by Japan3 US troops killed, 45 woundedJapan said it was an accident, apologized and paid US $$Worsened US-Japanese relations

Tripartite Pact is signed forming Axis Powers-1940

Axis PowersMain Powers: Germany, Italy JapanOther Powers: Albania, Bulgaria, Finland, Romania, Thailand, Hungary

SovietJapanese Neutrality Pact

The USSR and Japan signed an agreement to not fight one another in April, 1941Japan considered breaking this once Germany(their ally) invaded the USSR in June, 1941, but did notThe USSR broke this treaty when they declared war on Japan in August 9, 1945

The Road to Pearl Harbor

Japanese Leaders

Hideki Tojo

Emperor Hirohito

Admiral Yamamoto

Basics of Pearl Harbor Attack* Date: December 7, 1941-Sunday-7:40 AM and 8:50 AM* Location: Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Territory* War Results: 1.) Japanese major victory 2.) U.S. Declaration of War on Japan 3.) Germany and Italy Declare War on the U.S. (Tripartite Pact) 4.) U.S. Declares War on Germany and Italy* Battle Results: 1.) All eight U.S. Navy battleships were damaged, with four being sunk 2.) Three cruisers, three destroyers, an anti-aircraft ship and one minelayer ship were sank or damaged 3.) 188 U.S. aircraft were destroyed (Pacific Fleet) * Deaths/Casualties: 1.) 2,402 killed 2.) 1,282 wounded

Pearl Harbor-December 7, 1941

Pearl Harbor

USS Arizona Memorial

The names of the Arizonas dead are engraved on this white marble wall at the memorial

Pearl Harbor Propaganda

Remember Pearl Harbor

This was one of the most patriotic songs during World War II It was played at family and religious gatherings throughout the country Song

Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor?After Japan invaded French Indochina in 1940, US stopped trading oil with JapanJapan signed the SovietJapanese Neutrality Pact in April, 1941 guaranteeing that Japan and USSR would not go to warJapan realized they needed US trade to be successful in warOnly way to force US hand was to hit them hard in a surprise attack forcing them out of the warJapan knew that this plan was a huge risk, but thought it was the only way to defeat USPlan backfired. Instead, Japan awoke a sleeping giant.

Backdoor to War ConspiracyDiscuss

December 8, 1941

FDRs War SpeechFDRs War Speech

FDRs War Message

Pearl Harbor was not the only area Japan attacked on December 7Yesterday the Japanese Government also launched an attack against Malaya.Last night Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong. Last night Japanese forces attacked Guam.Last night Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands. Last night the Japanese attacked Wake Island. This morning the Japanese attacked Midway Island.

December 7, 1941-Philippines

Bataan Death March

Bataan Death March-Philippines-1942

Up 10,000 Filipino and 650 American POWs died during march

Doolittles Raid-April, 1942

Battle of Coral Sea-First Turning Point in Pacific

Battle of Midway-June 1942-Major Turning Point in Pacific

Guadalcanal-August,1942-February, 1943

Kamikazes

Battle of Leyte Gulf-Philippines

MacArthurs Return to the Philippines

Iwo Jima-February-March, 1945

6,821 US Deaths at Iwo Jima

Raising Flag on Mt. Suribachi

Battle of Okinawa-April-June, 1945

Summer 1945-Preparing for the Invasion of JapanOperation DownfallPlanned for October 1945Estimated to have over 1 million casualties Estimated to have 267,000 deathsWhy did this never take place?

The Manhattan Project1939-1945

Trinity Test-July 16, 1945

Enola Gay

Paul Tibbits

Hiroshima Bombing

Little Boy

Before

After

The Atomic Shadow

Radiation Sickness

Nagasaki Bombing

Fat Man

Bockscar

Before

After

VJ Day

August 14/15, 1945(Official UK)September 2, 1945(Official for US)When Japan officially signed on USS Missouri

Potsdam Conference-July, 1945On July 26, the United States, Great Britain, and China issued the Potsdam DeclarationAnnounced the terms for Japan's surrender"We will not deviate from them. There are no alternatives.

Potsdam Declaration-July, 1945

Dismantle the current government of Japan(excluding Emperor Hirohito)The Allies(US) will occupy JapanJapan will consist only of the major islands(Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku). It will lose all territory gained in WWII and years leading up to it.Japanese military forces will be disarmed and allowed to return homeThere will be war crimes trials for the atrocities committed by Japan throughout WWII

Potsdam Continued

Democracy will be promoted as well as Freedom of speech, religion, and of thought, as well as respect for fundamental human rights(Universal Declaration of Human Rights-1948)Japan will be allowed to have industry so they can make money to pay for reparations. World trade will also be enabled at some point.Allied(US) occupation of Japan(1945-1952) will end once Japan accomplishes all the above points."We call upon the government of Japan to proclaim now the unconditional surrender of all Japanese armed forces, and to provide proper and adequate assurances of their good faith in such action. The alternative for Japan is prompt and utter destruction. President Harry Truman

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