Japan and Korea

Kelly Senour

Block 3

Core 1: Motives and Methods

MotivesMethods

Core 2: Impact and Outcomes

Gaining Independence Impact and The

Country Today

Motives

Economic

Goods in Korea Sold goods from Korea to people of Japan

Militarily and PoliticalSpread their military Threatened Korea and struck at

Pusan

IdeologicalArrogance Announcement to Korea saying

their monarch was stronger

Methods

• Treaty of Kangwha• Open up Korea to Japanese trade• First step towards control over Korea

• Japan-Korea Treaty of 1876• Forced open 3 Korean port to Japanese trade

• 170,000 Japanese settlers in Korea by 1910• Wanted agricultural land

• Meiji Restoration• The Meiji Constitution (PRIMARY SOURCE)• Japanese Treaty of Korean Annexation• August 22, 1910• Tied to Japan rule until WWII Click this picture

Japanese Treaty of Korean Annexation

Taewongun

• Taewongun- Ruled Korea between 1864 and 1873• Meaning “Prince of Great Court”• Goal: strengthen his monarchy & keep westerners out of

Korea

• Japanese launched naval incident with Korea (resulted in Treaty of Kangwha)

Japan just about to invade Korea

Chinese Qing dynasty came to

help restore Korean order

Taewongun abducted from

ChineseTonghak

Seeked help from China, which led to Sino-Japanese

War

Tonghak- guerillas ready to fight Korean government

Meiji Restoration

• Turning point in 19th century Japan• Tokugawa Shogunate ruled Japan• Maintained countries isolationism

• Alliance of Samurai and Satsuma defeated forces of Shogun

• Meiji became Emperor• Japanese society more western• Promoted imperialism

• Victories in Sino-Japanese war and Russo-Japanese war• Successful modernization of Meiji period

Samurai and Satsuma

Meiji

Meiji Constitution Preamble(Primary Source)

Preamble [or Edict) (Joyu)

Having, by virtue of the glories of Our Ancestors, ascended the throne of a lineal succession unbroken for ages eternal; desiring to promote the welfare of, and to give development to the moral and intellectual faculties of Our beloved subjects, the very same that have been favored with the benevolent care and affectionate vigilance of Our Ancestors; and hoping to maintain the prosperity of the State, in concert with Our people and with their support, We hereby promulgate, in pursuance of Our Imperial Rescript of the 12th day of the 10th month of the 14th year of Meiji, a fundamental law of the State, to exhibit the principles, by which We are guided in Our conduct, and to point out to what Our descendants and Our subjects and their descendants are forever to conform.

The right of sovereignty of the State, We have inherited from Our Ancestors, and We shall bequeath them to Our descendants. Neither We nor they shall in the future fail to wield them, in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution hereby granted.

We now declare to respect and protect the security of the rights and of the property of Our people, and to secure to them the complete enjoyment of the same, within the extent of the provisions of the present Constitution and of the law.

The Imperial Diet shall first be convoked for the 23rd year of Meiji and the time of its opening shall be the date, when the present Constitution comes into force.

When in the future it may become necessary to amend any of the provisions of the present Constitution, We or Our successors shall assume the initiative right, and submit a project for the same to the Imperial Diet. The Imperial Diet shall pass its vote upon it, according to the conditions imposed by the present Constitution, and in no otherwise shall Our descendants or Our subjects be permitted to attempt any alteration thereof.

Our Ministers of State, on Our behalf, shall be held responsible for the carrying out of the present Constitution, and Our present and future subjects shall forever assume the duty of allegiance to the present Constitution.

The Imperial Diet shall first be convoked for the 23rd year of Meiji and the time of its opening shall be the date, when the present Constitution comes into force.

Japan is taking over countries like Korea and Manchuria, in which Korea is giving in to their imperialist power.

The dates next to each country show what years Japan took over each of these certain countries.

This section of the preamble

states that Japan, due to

the government lead by Meiji, will now be a

strong imperialist

country.

Gaining Independence

• Gwangju Student Independence Movement• Against the Japanese rule of Korea• Second most important Korean movement under

Japan rule• Refused to sing national anthem of Japan

• March 1st Movement of 1919• Most important movement of Korea under Japan

rule• Leaders sent copy of their thoughts to Governor

General

• Anti-Japanese rallies• World War II

The March 1st Movement Monument

Click this picture

“We herewith proclaim the independence of Korea and the liberty of the Korean people. This we proclaim to all the nations of the world in witness of human equality. This we proclaim to our descendents so that they may enjoy in perpetuity their inherent right to nationhood.

Inasmuch as this proclamation originates from our five-thousand-year history, inasmuch as it springs from the loyalty of twenty million people, inasmuch as it affirms our yearning for the advancement of everlasting liberty, inasmuch as it expresses our desire to take part in the global reform rooted in human conscience, it is the solemn will of heaven, the great tide of our age, and a just act necessary for the co-existence of all humankind. Therefore, no power in this world can obstruct or suppress it!”

WWII

• Japan part of axis alliance• Germany, Italy, and Japan

• Invaded Indochina on July 26, 1941• FDR cut off all trade• Japan set off attack on Pearl Harbor-

December 7, 1941

• War in Europe ended, but Japan remained undefeated• Harry Truman thought of dropping atomic

bomb

• Japan surrendered on August 14• Empire destroyed and nation humiliated

• The ruins of Japan led to freedom of Korea

Click this picture

VIDEO

This video shows actual footage from the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, Japan. It also shows what the city looked like after the bomb, in which it was in ruins. Also, thousands of people were ill due to radiation. All of these problems added up led to the “collapse” of the Japan Empire, which meant the freedom of Korea.

http://www.criticalpast.com/video/65675071635_atom-bomb_ruins_casualties_school-children_delegates-in-hall_scientists

Hiroshima

Nagasaki

North Korea Today

• Korea separated in 1945• After surrender and withdraw of Japanese

troops• Soviets controlled the North and made it

communist • Under leadership of Kim II Sung

• Governing body is the Korean Worker’s Party• Kim II Sung son took power (Kim Jong-il)

• Telephone communication virtually impossible• Activities and conversations closely monitored• State owns and opens industry• Not yet self-sufficient in food production

• Supreme leader of North Korea today: Kim Jong-un

North Korea does have some connection to imperialism, but mostly under the influence of communism. As you can see in the pie graph of “North Korean Children”, more children are living malnourished rather than nourished. This shows that the leader does not care about the people as much as he cares about keeping a communist country. Kim Jong-un is very much similar to Mao in that they do not care about the health standards of their citizens.

This graph of “North Korean Refugees in South Korea” also shows evidence of a communist government. Many North Koreans, especially between 2004 and 2010, escaped to South Korea to avoid the cruel government and no freedom government. In fact, a high of about 3000 North Koreans escaped to South Korea in 2009.

Conclusion…(Core 1)

• Japan monarch stronger than Korea

• Spread their militaryMotives

• Japan-Korea Treaty of 1876

• Meiji RestorationMethods

• March 1st movement • WWII atomic bomb on

Japan ended rule on Korea

Gaining Independence

• Leader: Kim Jong-un• Telephone

communication impossible and monitored

Impact and North Korea

Today

Conclusion…(Core 2)

Bibliography

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