History of Great Britain

II (1603 – 20th century)

James I ( reigned 1603 – 1625 | lived 1566 - 1625) – golden cultural era – William Shakespeare, John

Donne- 5th November 1605 – Gunpowder plot – Robert

Gatesby, Guy Fawkes

Charles I ( r. 1625 – 1649 | lived 1600 - 1649)English Civil War (Parlamentarians vs. Royalists) ->

republic (1649 – 1653) -> protectorate (1653 – 1660) - Oliver Cromwell

Charles II (r. 1660 – 1685 | lived 1630 – 1685)Monarchy restored – The Stuarts back on throne

17th century

James I Charles I Charles II

Guy Fawkes Oliver Cromwell

James II ( r. 1685 – 1688 | lived 1633 – 1701 )- Deserted from England to France after Glorious

Revolution - Glorious Revolution – 1688 – led by William III –

Catholics lost their right to vote MPs

William III ( r. 1689 – 1702 | lived 1650 – 1702 )- Reigned together with his wife Mary II ->

acceptance of Bill of Rights – limits of powers of the Crown, rights of Parliament

Mary II ( r. 1689 – 1694 | lived 1662 – 1694 )- Wife of William III, governed kingdom in his

abscence

Anne (r. 1702 – 1714 | lived 1665 – 1714 ) - England and Scotland united as Great Britain ->

uniform measures, weights and currency – 1st May 1707 – Treaty of the Union

- Last of the Stuarts on the throne

James II William III Mary II

Anne

Great Britain experienced big growth of empireAfter defeat of France in the Americas GB

acquired all France‘s North American colonies – Canada

1770 – Eastern half of Australia claimed by Great Britain

But also lost some of it‘s land1775 – 1783 – American Revolution – USA

founded – independentIndustrial revolution – 1770s – steam engine –

J. WattStarted in GB continued in other western

countriesIncreased standard of living, specialization

18th century

Napoleonic wars – series of conflicts – 1803-1815Invasion into England – stopped by admiral

Nelson – battle of Trafalgar – 21st October 1805

Napoleonic wars ended by defeating Napoleon I in the battle of Waterloo – 18th June 1815 –> Napoleon sent to Saint Helena

Victorian era – 1837 – 1901Long period of time full of peace, prosperity,

national self-confidence and industrial innovations

Period of Queen Victoria‘s reign

19th century

James Watt

Napoleon Bonaparte

Queen Victoria

World War I : 28th July 1914 – 11th November 1918War between two sides: Triple Entente and

Triple AllianceTriple Entente = Russia, France, Great Britain, …Triple Alliance = Germany, Austria-Hungary,

Ottoman empire, …Great Britain mostly fought alongside France

against Germany and Austria-Hungary on the Western front

After USA joining the war beside Triple Entente the Germany was defeated

20th century

World War II: 1st September 1939 – 2nd September 1945Global conflict in which almost all states took part –

the biggest conflict in human historyCasualties – over 60 millionBattles took place on land, in the sea and in the airTwo sides – Allies x Axis

Allies: Soviet Union, USA, UK, France, Czechoslovakia, …Axis: Germany, Japan, Italy, Hungary, …

Final battle of Berlin begun on 16th April 1945 and ended two weeks later when Soviet soldiers got into the centre of Berlin and Adolf Hitler commited suicide

German forces surrendered on 8th May 1945 = the end of WWII in Europe

Japan surrendered on 2nd September 1945 = the end of WWII

Josif Stalin F. D. Roosevelt Winston Churchill

Adolf Hitler Hirohito Benito Mussolini

Thank you for listening and paying attention

Basicaly just wikipeda.orgGoogle.com for pictures

Sources