Jai JinendraJai JinendraJanuary 2013January 2013

What is a Mantra ?What is a Mantra ?

मनन�त्� त्रा�यतित् इतित् म�त्रामनन�त्� त्रा�यतित् इतित् म�त्राThat which protects through That which protects through

contemplationcontemplation

Spiritual words or vibrations that instill one-pointed Spiritual words or vibrations that instill one-pointed concentration concentration

Mantras are interpreted to be effective as sound Mantras are interpreted to be effective as sound vibrationvibration

Chanting is the process of repeating a mantra. Chanting is the process of repeating a mantra. It brings qualitative transformation.It brings qualitative transformation.

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Asthänaga YogaAsthänaga Yoga Jain PerspectiveJain Perspective

YogaYoga

•ManaMana

•VachanVachan

•KäyäKäyä YogaYoga

•भक्ति�भक्ति� BhaktiBhakti

•ज्ञा�नज्ञा�न JnänJnän

•ति�य�ति�य� KriyäKriyä

DevotionDevotion DevoteeDevotee BhaktaBhakta

AspirationAspiration AspirantAspirant SädhakSädhak

Yoga System of thought and practiceYoga System of thought and practice

Patanjali's Yoga Sutra 3Patanjali's Yoga Sutra 3rdrd or 4 or 4thth BC BC

Haribhadra Ächärya Haribhadra Ächärya 77thth A.D. A.D.

Hemachandra Ächärya 12Hemachandra Ächärya 12thth A.D. A.D.

Yoga Yoga

A science that helps man A science that helps man communicate with his body, mind, and soul. communicate with his body, mind, and soul.

What is Yoga?What is Yoga?

य�गः� क्ति�त्तवृ�त्तित्ततिनरो�धः� य�गः� क्ति�त्तवृ�त्तित्ततिनरो�धः� Control of Chitta Vritti (thought process) to Control of Chitta Vritti (thought process) to attain the highest unionattain the highest union

What is Yoga?What is Yoga?

म�क्षे�ण य�जन�त्� य�गः� म�क्षे�ण य�जन�त्� य�गः� What cWhat connects the soul to liberation is onnects the soul to liberation is yoga yoga

YogaYoga

Union of Ätmä with ParmätamäUnion of Ätmä with Parmätamä

DrasthiDrasthi

Vision, Inspirational renderingsVision, Inspirational renderings

Faith with convection, Decision Faith with convection, Decision and to know and comprehend and to know and comprehend

the the truthtruth

What is Yoga?What is Yoga?

Body - nerves, nerves - mind, mind - Body - nerves, nerves - mind, mind - intellect, intellect -consciousness. intellect, intellect -consciousness.

The term ‘Yoga' stands for 'union'. The term ‘Yoga' stands for 'union'.

A yogi's ultimate aim is to be able to attain A yogi's ultimate aim is to be able to attain this 'union' with Eternal Self. this 'union' with Eternal Self.

Bahiratma—Antaratama—ParamatmaBahiratma—Antaratama—Paramatma

The seat of action is the body The seat of action is the body

The seat of emotions is the mindThe seat of emotions is the mind

The seat of intellect is the headThe seat of intellect is the head

Yoga lays the foundation for purity in Yoga lays the foundation for purity in actions, emotions, and intellectactions, emotions, and intellect

DefilementDefilement

AversionAversionAttachmentAttachmentIllusionIllusionSkepticismSkepticismAfflictionAfflictionAgitationAgitationPerplexityPerplexityStupefiedStupefied

The degree of attentiveness The degree of attentiveness

• • त्तिक्षेत्तिक्षेપ્તપ્ત KshiptaKshipta DisturbedDisturbed

• • म�ढ म�ढ Mudha Mudha StupefiedStupefied

• • तिवृत्तिक्षेतिवृत्तिक्षेપ્તપ્ત Vikshipta Vikshipta DistractedDistracted

• • एका�ग्र एका�ग्र Ekägra Ekägra Concentrated Concentrated

• • तिनरुध्धः तिनरुध्धः Niruddha Niruddha Absolutely Absolutely balanced state balanced state

of mind.of mind.

अष्टां��गः य�गः

यमतिनयमआसनप्रा�ण�य�मप्रात्य�हा�रोधः�रोण�ध्य�नसम�धिधः

Asthänaga Yoga Eight Steps Asthänaga Yoga Eight Steps

Yama, NiyamaYama, Niyama Morality Morality

Äsana, Pränäyama Äsana, Pränäyama Physical disciplinePhysical discipline

Pratyähära, Dhäranä Pratyähära, Dhäranä Mental alertnessMental alertness

Dhyäna, Samädhi Dhyäna, Samädhi Spiritual awakeningSpiritual awakening

YAMAYAMA (Social discipline, morality ) (Social discipline, morality )

Five Five VrataVrata व्रतव्रत• • Ahimsa (non-violence)Ahimsa (non-violence)

• • Satya (truthfulness)Satya (truthfulness)

• • Asteya (non-stealing) Asteya (non-stealing)

• • Brahmacharya (celibacy) Brahmacharya (celibacy)

• • Aparigraha (non-covetousness) Aparigraha (non-covetousness)

इच्छा�इच्छा� DesireDesire

प्रवृ�त्तिप्रवृ�त्ति ActivityActivity

स्थि�रत�स्थि�रत� StabilityStability

त्ति�स्थि��त्ति�स्थि�� AttainmentAttainment

NiyamaNiyama (Individual Discipline) (Individual Discipline)Three Merit or Supporting Vows (Guna-Vratas)Four Disciplinary Vows (Shikshä Vratas)

प्रत्या�खा�न प्रत्या�खा�न pratyäkyänapratyäkyäna

Shaucha - PurityShaucha - Purity

WaterWater Body Body

TruthfulnessTruthfulness MindMindTrue knowledge True knowledge IntellectIntellectKnowledge / AusterityKnowledge / Austerity SoulSoul

SantoshSantosh Contentment Bliss, Contentment Bliss, HappinessHappinessTapa Tapa Austerity, Controlling DesiresAusterity, Controlling DesiresSwädhyäy Swädhyäy Study of scriptures/self Study of scriptures/self Ishvar PranidhänaIshvar Pranidhäna Meditation on the Divine Meditation on the Divine

Shaucha Shaucha Purity of ThoughtsPurity of Thoughts

SantoshSantosh Bliss, HappinessBliss, HappinessTapa Tapa Controlling DesiresControlling DesiresSwädhyäy Swädhyäy Self realizationSelf realizationIshvar PranidhänaIshvar Pranidhäna Meditation on the Divine Meditation on the Divine

Pachakkhän and VrataPachakkhän and Vrata

Spiritual ---To prevent influx of new Karmas. Spiritual ---To prevent influx of new Karmas. Observance of the vows is self-control Observance of the vows is self-control and stoppage of the evil propensities of and stoppage of the evil propensities of the mindthe mind

Social ----- To desist from violence or theft is Social ----- To desist from violence or theft is to preserve peace and harmony, and to preserve peace and harmony, and safety in societysafety in society

Benefits of Practicing Yama and Benefits of Practicing Yama and Niyama Niyama

Managing our energy in an integrative Managing our energy in an integrative manner manner

Complementing our outer life to our inner Complementing our outer life to our inner development development

Balancing our inner growth with outer Balancing our inner growth with outer restraint restraint

Helping to 'connect' with the Divine. Helping to 'connect' with the Divine.

Äsana Äsana (posture) brings physical as well as (posture) brings physical as well as mental health. mental health.

Yogäsana A posture in harmony with Yogäsana A posture in harmony with one's inner consciousness one's inner consciousness

Physiological benefits Physiological benefits

Harmonizes our vitality and mental energy Harmonizes our vitality and mental energy

Develops strong mind leading to Develops strong mind leading to equanimityequanimity

Äsana basically performs five functions:Äsana basically performs five functions:

ConativeConative

CognitiveCognitive

MentalMental

Intellectual Intellectual

SpiritualSpiritual

Äsana creates a flow of positive energy Äsana creates a flow of positive energy improving concentration within ourselves improving concentration within ourselves

PränäyamaPränäyama - Control of breathing - Control of breathing

Dravy and Bhäv Prän Dravy and Bhäv Prän

-Controls the life force -Controls the life force

-Calms the mind and the sense -Calms the mind and the sense organs organs

-Balances our nervous system and -Balances our nervous system and encourages creative thinking encourages creative thinking

पू�रोकापू�रोकाInhalationInhalation Controlled inspirationControlled inspiration IntrospectionIntrospection

रो��कारो��काExhalation Exhalation Slow controlled expiration Slow controlled expiration Getting rid of extovertednessGetting rid of extovertedness

का/� भकाका/� भकाRetentionRetention Storing retained breathe Storing retained breathe Staying in equanimityStaying in equanimity

Method of Yoga MeditationMethod of Yoga Meditation Sit in a comfortable posture with an erect spine, preferably in a Sit in a comfortable posture with an erect spine, preferably in a specific yoga posture such as the Padmäsan or the Lotus posture.specific yoga posture such as the Padmäsan or the Lotus posture.

Energize the breath through Pränäyama.Energize the breath through Pränäyama.

Hold a visualization of peaceful colors, geometric designs (Yantra), Hold a visualization of peaceful colors, geometric designs (Yantra), natural images or that of a deity or guru for a few minutes to clear natural images or that of a deity or guru for a few minutes to clear the sensory field and focus the mind internally. the sensory field and focus the mind internally.

Repeat an affirmation or prayer to increase positive thought power.Repeat an affirmation or prayer to increase positive thought power.

Repeat a mantra such as 'OM' at least 108 times before the Repeat a mantra such as 'OM' at least 108 times before the meditation to still the mind. meditation to still the mind.

Silently observe the mind and let it empty itself out.Silently observe the mind and let it empty itself out.

Depending on one's natural temperament, it would help to try and Depending on one's natural temperament, it would help to try and establish contact with either God or a Higher Consciousness establish contact with either God or a Higher Consciousness through the natural movement of one's heart. through the natural movement of one's heart.

PratyähäraPratyähära – Prati Ähär – Prati Ähär

Controlling the sensesControlling the senses

Withdrawal of the sense organs from external objects. Withdrawal of the sense organs from external objects.

The senses for increased attention rather than distraction

DhäranäDhäranä -Complete absorption of the -Complete absorption of the mind on a single point or taskmind on a single point or task

-Develops and extends -Develops and extends our our power of concentration power of concentration

BähyaBähya Idol, Image,Idol, Image,

ÄbhyantarÄbhyantar Various Chakra Points Various Chakra Points in Bodyin Body

DhyänaDhyäna The state of meditationThe state of meditation

Concentration of thought on a single Concentration of thought on a single objectobject

Intense contemplation of the nature of the Intense contemplation of the nature of the object of meditation.object of meditation.

Suspension of thought process Suspension of thought process

Perfect stillness of all organs of body and Perfect stillness of all organs of body and mind is the highest meditation mind is the highest meditation

Phases of mind concentrationPhases of mind concentration

WorryWorry ChintäChintä

Contemplation Contemplation BhävanäBhävanä

DhyänaDhyäna AnuprekshäAnuprekshä

Ways to overcome obstaclesWays to overcome obstacles

Adverse situationAdverse situation EquanimityEquanimity

Favorable situationFavorable situation Acquire Punya Acquire Punya KarmasKarmas

Mind nourishment Mind nourishment Samyag Darshan, Samyag Darshan, Jnän,ChäritraJnän,Chäritra

Non-virtuous Meditation

Sorrowful (Ärta Dhyäna) meditation

Wrathful (Raudra Dhyäna) meditation

Virtuous Meditation

Righteous (Dharma Dhyäna) meditation

Spiritual (Shukla Dhyäna) meditation

SamädhiSamädhi or total absorption or total absorption

Merging consciousness with the object of Merging consciousness with the object of meditation. meditation.

The ultimate ‘Yoga' or connection between The ultimate ‘Yoga' or connection between the individual and the universal Soul! the individual and the universal Soul!

Oneness of Dhyätä, Dhyäna and Dhyeya Oneness of Dhyätä, Dhyäna and Dhyeya

Purpose of YogaPurpose of Yoga

Peace of mind, calmness, and a sense of well Peace of mind, calmness, and a sense of well being. being. Better relationships, better health, and a better Better relationships, better health, and a better life. life. Personal, philosophical, and spiritual insights. Personal, philosophical, and spiritual insights. The direct experience of your eternal center of The direct experience of your eternal center of being.being.Meditation gives you something that nothing Meditation gives you something that nothing else can.else can.It introduces you to yourself on all levels It introduces you to yourself on all levels

Yogic Samkalpa (oath) For MeditationYogic Samkalpa (oath) For Meditation • • Bhakti Yoga or Devotional SamkalpaBhakti Yoga or Devotional Samkalpa::

OM! I will perform the following yogic practices as OM! I will perform the following yogic practices as an an offering to the Divine Beloved. May all the divine offering to the Divine Beloved. May all the divine

powers bless me in this endeavor!"powers bless me in this endeavor!"• • Jnäna Yoga or Knowledge Samkalpa:Jnäna Yoga or Knowledge Samkalpa:

"OM! I will perform the following meditations to "OM! I will perform the following meditations to gain gain knowledge of God and the higher Self. May God knowledge of God and the higher Self. May God

and the great teachers aid me in this effort!"and the great teachers aid me in this effort!"• • Karma Yoga or Service SamkalpaKarma Yoga or Service Samkalpa::

"OM! I will perform the following actions as a "OM! I will perform the following actions as a service to God and to living beings in order to help service to God and to living beings in order to help alleviate suffering!"alleviate suffering!"

Performance with DetachmentPerformance with DetachmentPerformance with DetachmentPerformance with Detachment

A detached performer identifies A detached performer identifies with ‘accomplishment’ and not with ‘accomplishment’ and not

with what is accomplished.with what is accomplished.

A detached performer identifies A detached performer identifies with ‘accomplishment’ and not with ‘accomplishment’ and not

with what is accomplished.with what is accomplished.

The best vitamin to be a happy The best vitamin to be a happy person is B1. person is B1.

Think about disagreeable situations for a Think about disagreeable situations for a weekweek

How did you act or react? How did you act or react?

Did you get frustrated or angry with your Did you get frustrated or angry with your self or somebody? self or somebody?

Did you blame somebody? Did you blame somebody?

How did you show your frustration?How did you show your frustration?

Step 1Step 1

Take notes dailyTake notes daily

Then observe all situations next dayThen observe all situations next day

Step 2Step 2

Before you act or react to undesirable Before you act or react to undesirable situations, recite 3 Namaskär mantrasituations, recite 3 Namaskär mantra

Step 3Step 3

Before you blame some body look at Before you blame some body look at your self and find whether you could your self and find whether you could have done something to prevent.have done something to prevent.

Step 4Step 4

Before showing your frustration to Before showing your frustration to any any body take few deep breathe and body take few deep breathe and recite recite 7 Namaskär7 Namaskär

Step 5Step 5

Think about all favorable situations in Think about all favorable situations in life. Contemplate on how did you get life. Contemplate on how did you get into that situation. Think about karma into that situation. Think about karma theory and start acquiring positive theory and start acquiring positive

balance with wholesome activitiesbalance with wholesome activities

Contemplation (Anuprekshä, Bhävanä )Contemplation (Anuprekshä, Bhävanä )

I will not subject myself to anger.I will not subject myself to anger.

Anger is not my inherent nature. Anger is not my inherent nature.

Forgiveness is my quality.Forgiveness is my quality.

Always aim at complete harmony of Always aim at complete harmony of thought and word and deed. Always aim at thought and word and deed. Always aim at purifying your thoughts and everything will purifying your thoughts and everything will be well. be well.