jaen’s house, xviii century - lth...“choqueyapu” (aymara’s word), as i mentioned before,...

1

JAEN’S House, XVIII Century Maintenance Program &Plan

H. Zulema Montaño Tamayo Archietct, [email protected], [email protected] Society of Historic Studies and Cutural Heritage, Association of Architects of La Paz/ La Paz, BOLIVIA.

Figure 1: Main façade of Jaen’s House, platelet of the street and the house. Photo HZMT

Abstract The present paper pretends to introduce to the training a maintenance Program & Plan for the Jaen’s House wich is going to work for the next five years at least. The paper will give an overview of the current situation of the building (structural and aesthetic damages) as a building which belongs to “Colegio Departamental de Arquitectos de La Paz” (Society of architect of La Paz) located in the middle of the historic center of La Paz – BOLIVIA, actually, in the most ancient neighborhood of the city. The Maintenance Program & Plan will give the appropriated answers and the main route to reach the re–use of the building and its sustenibility on the time. Detalied urban, historic and architectural analysis of the building and of the patrimonial site will be introduced in this paper to be the basis for the maintenance Program & Plan.

Introduction Figure 2: Draw of Jaen street by Arch. Emilo Villanueva, Figure 3: Current photo of the street

Armando Mroginski Jr.

Jaen’s House is a good example of Hispanic Colonial Architecture own of any spanish city in its beginnings in Latin America, dated on the lastest decades of the XVIII Century (before 1800 – 1929). Placed in the area where the city (La Paz) started as a town at the XVI century, its borders are between Catacora, Sucre, Jaen, Pichincha, and Indaburo streets. The neighborhood in the past, until nowadays, was the “Traditional Spanish City” with the traditional Spanish “damero” (orthogonal squares and blocks), characteristic well appreciated in all cities influenced by spanish conquers. Its old name was “Caja de agua”, “Water’s box” because as it was the highest neighborhood around the city use to provide water to the hole spanish city . Also

H. Zulema Montaño Tamayo

Jaen street (a part of our study case) had another name “Cabra–cancha”street. When the city had been built it was divided naturally by a river named “Choqueyapu River”. That situation was appropriate to divide the conquered indigenous from the Spanish conquers then the city was divided in two parts: • Indigenous city • Spanish city The case study (Jaen’s house) is located near from the middle of the Spanish city. Therefore, the neighborhood is unique in its gender because the architecture appreciated is “colonial” specifically “baroque Mestizo”; a mixture of the Spanish baroque and indigenous techniques used, at the beginning, by Spanish builder and later on by indigenous who’s worked on, but is necessary to point out that we can also find other architectonic styles as “Neoclassic” and “Republican” proper of later periods. The Jaen’s house is a typical colonial building dated of XVIII century, its inner typology is as all building of the beginnings of the XVI, XVII and XVIII centuries, in the middle of the house we can appreciate a symbolic courtyard and the whole rooms surrounding it. It is necessary to mention that the house is a representative civil construction and is a indissoluble part of the whole patrimonial site “Caja de Agua” neighborhood.

Figure 4: Aerial view of the neighborhood “Caja de agua” “Water box”, from google earth

Immediate influence area ofJaen's House

Old neighborhood named "Caja de Agua""Box of water"

Lot of jaen's House

Alto

de

la A

lianz

a st

reet

Pich

inch

a st

reet

Armentia street

Riosinho Park

Indaburo street

Jaen’s House Maintenance Program and Plan

We could not get historical references about Jaen’s House in its first time (before 1800 – 1929) because almost all the examples of civil-housing architecture were destroyed XVI, XVII century (virreynal period), but as some neighbors tell probably it could belong to some people related with Don Pedro Domingo Murillo who was a commander of the first rebellion in whole Latin America wich gives freedom to the population of La Paz, 16th july 1809, that information later on will be corroborated by historical documentation. The owner of the house before to belong to “Society of architect of La Paz” was the Touchard family, two brothers were in charge of the house until they sold it to the “Society of architect of La Paz”. For a long time the house was not used properly by the institution (CDALP) and some people tried to sale the house because they thought the house was not giving any incomings to the institution and its maintenance it was very expensive. In addition, “Jaen’s house” is located inside the area of the circuit of museums belonging to the Municipality of La Paz. Now I am proposing throughout the Maintenance Program & Plan to give a good solution for “Jaen’s House” with a sustainable project linked with its urban circumstance in the surroundings and the city. The CDALP has an important architectonic material that should be exhibited in The Museum of the city (Jaen’s House) and also should be a basic reason to recover “it”; as a patrimonial goods that is living again in a modern city.

Background

Geographical Situation La Paz is one of the most important cities in Bolivia and as administrative capital currently all govermental dependences function in the city; situated over 3658 m. level of sea and 1,049.800 inhabitants (2004). It is located in the northwest part of the country. Figure 5: Landmark of La Paz city.

Since its beginning the city was structurated by a river named “Choqueyapu” (aymara’s word), as i mentioned before, which divided naturally the city in two part, in the past, indigenous and spanish cities, nowadays the city does not show any physical division because over the river was built one of the main avenues on the city “Mariscal Santa Cruz Avenue”. This avenue cross the city over the river from the north to the south and defines itself an important axis. The city grew up according this axis and its shape is lengthened, of course there were as well, important settlement on the east and west of the city.


Figure 6: Satellite view of La Paz city.

Natural and physical Aspects La Paz presents an inusual and motley topography its streets show slopes over 45º in some cases. Land is consolidated, however, many underground rivers flow into the ground (356). The general landmark has many plateaus in between, the main central valley from the city rises to the plateau where “El Alto” city is located. In additon, it is important to mention, the ancient spanish city is placed in the centum part of the valley and currently this part of the city and a part of the indigenous city conform the C.U.C. “Casco Urbano Central” “Historical Centrum of the city”. Figure 7: View from the valley to plateaus west hillside.

Figure 8: Panoramic view of the central valley.

Climate The climate of la Paz is andean with an increase of rainfall in the summer (decembre – february) and an average annual temperature of 18º degrees Celsius, temperature is influenced by altitude, in winter temperature can be (3º-15º) and in summer 23º 1, the hostest month is november and the coldest june. The average annual rainfall is 428.30 mm. and humidity annual rate is 46%. Predominat wind blow from southeast to northeast and it speed average is 5 knots. The study case is placed on the equatorial zone with a big ultraviolet radiation it average annual is 345.07 megawatts/m2.2

Historical Aspects La Paz city was founded in 1548 by Don Alonso de Mendoza for order of commendator La Gasca to commemorate the peace reached, after the hosts of Gonzalo Pizarro were defeated by the troops of the king of Spain. It was founded with the name of “Nuestra señora de La Paz”, the name for the valley before the spanish foundation was “Chuquiabo Marka” (aymara’s word). The main reason for the foundation of the spanish city was to be the mandatory route “Orcosuyo” between Lima and Potosí and to controle the traffic of mineral and vegetable product through the territory.

1 CUADROS Alvaro, La Paz Pag 31, 2002 2 www.ine.gov.bo/cgv-bin/piwdie1xx.exe/tipo


Surroundings An overview can us introduce to the C.U.C. “Casco Urbano Central” “Historical Centrum of the city” as the surrounding area of the case study. C.U.C. has a multiplicity of architectonic styles, sometimes the patrimonial buildings were not considerated before to project many high and modern building that is the reason why we can see buildings that do not respect heights and do not pretende to integrate the context. The extension of the C.U.C. is 111 ha. It stable population is 95.000 innhabitants, currently there are different uses and the main are: comercial activity, finnacial activity, cultural activity, educational activity and housing.

Figure 9: Extension of the C.U.C., green line shows it perimeter inside red circle

Intervention site, Jaen’s house, cadastral codification 15-8.

Values assigned by normative to the site “Casco Urbano Central” is divided in three cathegories of preservation: • A. Value of monumental preservation • B. Value of architectonic preservation • C. Value of integration


The cathegory of Jaen’s House assigned by normative is “A”, Value of monumental preservation, which is described in the next paragraph: Patrimonial sites and buildings with a testimonial value for the city, intervention allowed are restorations stablised by Venice’s Charter, Quito’s Charter documents supported by UNESCO. Intervention has to recover the original shape , including modification made from time to time. The intervention has to verify completely possible values identified including the superimposed elements if they show any significance, this interventions only can allow conservation process and reuses, in any circumtance the building can be demolish parcial or totally except elements without any significance.

Historical aspects of Jaen’s street The old name of Jaen’s street was “Cabra–cancha” (aymara’s word) “goat’s corral”, it morphological aspect and structure has not changed since its beginning in the colonial time, until nowadays, Jaen’s street conserves itself as a narrow street. It current name has been given in honor to Apolinar Jaen a revolutionary man who born in Oruro (1776). Apolinar Jaen together with Don Pedro Domingo Murillo participates on the revolution of 1809 and after to be captured by spanish militia, he was murdered on 29th january 1810 by the capital punishment (fork). After some researchs and interviews with expertises we could conclude that the house and the house beside the other ones belonged to Apolinar Jaen. All houses on Jaen’s street have wide walls (80 cm. thickness) made with mud brick “adobe”. Almost all houses were tenement houses, many families lived in there; also sewer system was to much lack and provisional at that time. Jaen’s street in the past was the mandatory route to people (prisioners), who would be executed in the “Caja de Agua”, this is the reason why many histories about ghosts started to be told by neighbors, and until now people hears that kind of histories and mites. Figure 10: Overview of Jaen’s street preserves

It original configuration.

Description and situation of the site Jaen’s house is framed into a very typical context as it was previously metioned. It is unique because we still can breath the past and the essence of city flowing by the street and the surroundings. The building has an important social and historical signification given by the historical circumtances which printed its peculiar style. In the year 1980 “Society of architect of La Paz” bought the building from family Touchard, with the intention to reuse it as its patrimonial headquarter. The first tasks were made by arch. Cristina Damm for 3 months and after at 1981 the first intervention and restoration was commanded by arch. Jaime Ledezma, who made a binder with documentation of the


building to begin properly the restoration, after it he got a permission to remove an arcade, XVIII century, from an old and demolished building belonging to the Controllership. The whole arcade was disposed as a puzzle and rebuilt part by part. Enrique Mamani was the bricklayer who worked there, many pieces of the arcade were replaced by its advanced status of exfoliation. The first restoration contemplated the arrangement of: • Roofs • Façades • Plasters • Inner and exterior floors • Facilities The restoration worked on the consolidation of the building and stabilization of the monument following the approaches of the charter of Venice. The second intervention not well called “restoration” was done on 2004 by arch. Walter Espinoza, who did not have the criteria to be in charge of a well-done intervention’s work, the legacy of that intervention is an over-measured steel’s structure which such a covering arise over the central courtyard by a really aggressive way keeping off the beauty of the building, the restoration contemplated the arrangement of: • Roofs • Inner walls • Inner and exterior floors Figure 11, 12: Additional steel’s structure and change of interior floor The Building has two-storey, asymmetric façade shows three open balconies and a wrought iron rail. The main Entrance is simple made with stone located over Jaen’s street. Its style is typical of colonial period: • Central courtyard • Rooms around the courtyard • Wide walls • Balconies • Galeries with stone’s arcades The constructive system is traditional of the age, ceiling made with wooden beams knotted with leader’s rope, the inner floor of the first-storey was stone-floor regrettably was removed on the second intervention. Stairway is of stone and walls are of mug brick. The carpentry is of pine’s wood and covered with oil’s painting. The architectonic description points out: building with two-storey splited by a “plata–banda”, the main opening shows a reduced arc and it preserves original stone’s columns, higher storey has three opening with balconies and ceiling has clay’s tiles, the inner vestibule has a arched roof and a reduced arc.


Figure 13: Location plann, light blue blocks of private and public owners.

Features of the building Jaen’s house has some very important features such as: Traditional materials, techniques of earliest construction, colors and textures, colonial typology. Some other aspects are going to be described

through the next matrix: Table 1: description of the building.

ITEM CURRENT FEATURES

Function Civil building, private owner, any significant current function

Size Typology Approximate 870.00 m2, traditional Spanish interior courtyard

Material Roof: clay’s tile; walls: “adobe’s” bricks; floor: stone, wood; interior

walls, plaster.

Status General Good; in some part leaking in roofs, infiltrations in walls,

humidity. And particularly need of a well done intervention in the

sanitary and electrical system and removal of the steel’s structure.

Aim Program of maintenance (new reuse for the building) “Museum of

the city”

SPORTING FIELDMUSEUM

COSTUMBRISTA

ALTO

DE

LA A

LIAN

ZA S

TREE

T

JAEN'S S

TREET

PICH

INCH

A ST

REET

INGAVI STREET

INDABURO STREET

ARMENTIA STREET

JAEN'S HOUSE

BORDERING BLOCKS

BORDERING BLOCKS

15-8CADASTRAL CODE

LOCATION PLANN


Its basic value related with historical-social-authenticity as it represents a period indeed important for the construction of the city (La Paz) and with the identity of the population that is widely multi-cultural. Furthermore, the house has a high historic value, “per se”, why it is inscribed as a part of the history of the city and its civil and social development and into the memory of the people; been the cradle of the “first” revolution, in whole Latin America, which found out the independence of the citizen of La Paz.

Figure 14: First floor plan of the building, Colonial typology. Figure 15: Second floor plan of the building, Colonial typology.

Courtyard

Innergalery

RoomRoom

Room Room

hallBathr

K.Depo

Room

-0.25

4,33

14,2

4,491,861,671,155,03

16,37

6,621,690,712,491,193,67

28,6

5

13,7

8

14,4

5

3,67

1,3 1,17

3,6

4,21

-0.574

3,73

FIRST STOREY

JAEN'S HOUSECurrent situation Esc. 1:200

Service

RoomService

0.68

Room Room RoomVes

tibul

e

Obs.: Steel's structurewas not drawn because it looks aggressiveand does not permit to see the details of the house

CB'

C'B

A'A

2.61.83

1.151.95

2.41.04

1.872.5

2.41.15

22.5

2.22

2.22

2.22

1.21

2

2.2

1.85

1.85

2.2

1 .8

1.6 7

1.6 3

2.23

1.19

1.18

1.0 4

1.22

0 .88

0.78

0.76

1.25

0 .9

0.7

0 .7

B 3

2

1

B

8,78

9,69

9,31

0,68

1

2

3

-0.61

-0.97

S S

S

12

1

S

7

123456

1,52

3,19

-1.35-1.204

-0.574

-0.125

+0.15

-0.28 +/-0.00

+0.15

+0.05 +0.10

+/-0.00

+1.22

+/-0.00

1,14

2,1 1

3,85

2,3

2,37

3,54

2,77

4,13

4,16

3,35

3,843,

73

1,51

4,0 3

2,693,52

3,82

2,54

3,69

0,83

0,4 0,4

3,46

8,58

4,28

3,23

1,99

3,38

4,31

3,1

9,382,87

4,46

SECOND STOREY

8,2

1,3 6

7,88

B' C

B C'

A'A

0,96

1.90.7

1.90.7

1.80.7

1.680.88

1.90.7

1.950.78

1.950.8

2.41.222.4

1.22

2.41.24

2.41.24

2.41.24

2.331.26

2.331.3

2.331.24

B

18

17

16

15

14

13

12

11

10

9

8

B

17

16

15

14

13

12

11

10

9

8

6 5 47

3 2 1

+2.76

+2.65

+2.96

+2.96

+3.16

+3.21

+3.16

+1.22

1,76

2 ,82

1 ,1

1,59

4,49

1,37

14,4

2

10, 5

3

3,25

5,11

2,0 1

7,82

9,28

4,65

3 ,86

0,942,89

1,69

2,7

4,5

1,3 2

3,53

0,920,620,40,620,97

4,27

221

,68

3,36

1,61

8,6 8

13,03

4,23

14,21

2,55 1,74 1,82 1,79 1,8 1,74 2,76


Innergalery

Courtyard

Conferences room

Conferences room

Terrace

K.

Off

ice

Conferences room


+3.16

+/-0.00

+1.22

2,99

2,96

SECTION A-A'

SECTION C-C'

+3.21

+0.10

2,75

2,95

-0.28

+3.16

2,76

2,52

+/-0.00

+2.96

-0.125

+2.76

-0.574

-1.204

1,68

2,69

4,85

3,1

3,03

2,82

2,82


Jaen's street



Figure 16, 17: Sections and frontal façade of the building, Colonial typology.

Figure 18: Frontal façade, details: three balconies, simple main entrance, streetlights, wrought

iron rails, clay’s tiles.

Legal Protection 1.- CPE Capitulo II Art 137 “Los bienes del patrimonio de la Nación constituyen propiedad pública, inviolable, siendo deber de todo habitante del territorio nacional respetarla y protegerla”. “The goods and heritage of the Nation are a public property, being a duty for every inhabitant of the national territory to respect and to protect it” That is the most important article into the Constitution that mention as a duty to respect and to protect the heritage. Jaen’s house has been declarated as a monumental heritage by: • “Preservation of the historical centrum of La Paz” (Binder, Arch.

Teresa Gisbert de Mesa) • “La Paz, Historical Centrum” (Binder, Arch. Gustavo Medeiros

Anaya) Both documentation were requested by The Municipalty of La Paz, the first ones on the government of the Major Monica Medina de Palenque and the second ones on the government of the Major Mario Mercado vaca Guzmán. Jaen’s house has an strict cataloguing “A”, which does not allow any drastic intervention or modification on the building. Even that disposition is very clear, the building has been object of bad done interventions not regulated by any public dependence. That situation can show us the lack situation of the herigate and its preservation in the country. Pitilly, even many professionals has been working on the project of the “General Bolivian Heritage Law”, until now we do not have the Main law such a fundamental tool to protect the heritage. Other legislations to

8,34

2,83

3,01

2,55

1,23

9,62

2,53

2,65

1,95

-0.28

+0.10 +/-0.00

+3.16+3.21

+1.22

+2.96

+2.76

-0.125

-0.574

-1.204

2,95

2,75

2,82

2,82

3,1

3,03

1,85

1,63 2,

23 2,69

FRONTAL FAÇADE

SECTION B-B'


Jaen's street


8,34

2,83

3,01

2,55

1,23

9,62

2,53

2,65

1,95

FRONTAL FAÇADE


mention are: D.S. (Supreme Ordinance) No. 05918 6/11/1961, Decreto Ley (Ordinance law) Nº 15900 31/10/1978.3

REGISTRATION AND CATALOGUING’S CARD OF THE BUILDING

LOCALIZATION Code Distrit Manzano Lot N° of card:

Zone: Central 01500080005 15 8 5 2348*

Street: Apolinar Jaen VALUATION DATE OF CONSTRUCTION

N° : 765 (A) Monumental Heritage XVIII century NAME OF THE BUILDING PLANNER PROPERTY (S) “Jaen’s House” “casa del

arquitecto” unknown Society of archtects of

La Paz. AREA BUILT SURFACE OF LOT 866.34 M2 433.17 M2

Original use: Current use: OCUPATION SURFACE OF FAÇADE

Housing Uninhabited Private Property 87.40 m2 aprox LOCATION PLAN STRUCTURE Nº OF FLOORS

Structural walls 2

STYLE STATE

Colonial well PHOTOGRAFY OF THE BUILDING

SURROUNDING

BASIC SERVICES Water, Sewer system,

Electric Power, Main Façade telephone.

HISTORY Building dated of XVIII century, architectonic style is Colonial

Located in one of the most ancient neighborhoods of La Paz. OBSERVATIONS

Change of current function, technical jeans and equipment for the: “Museum of the city” SOURCE: GMLP, Municipality of La Paz COMPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: H. Zulema Montaño Tamayo, * Means the number of card elaborated by V.M.D.C.

Table 2: Registration and cataloguing’s card of the building, h.z.m.t. The Object as such; function, size, materials, status The building currently has an inappropriate function, a particularly beautiful house is used as a warehouse, its size is mentioned on the table above, two storey house 866.34 m2. Its materials are roof: clay’s tile; walls: “adobe’s” mud bricks; floor: flagstone, wood; interior walls: plaster over mud brick water painting; carpentry of windows and doors: pine-oregon. Its status general is good; in some part leaking in roofs, infiltrations in walls, humidity. And particularly need of a well done intervention in the sanitary and electrical system and

3 “Leyes y Normas de Protección del patrimonio Cultural Boliviano, Honorable Cámra de Diputados,

Comité de Cultura; La Paz, Bolivia; 2000.

SPORTING FIELDMUSEUM

COSTUMBR ISTA

ALTO

DE

LA A

LIAN

ZA S

TREE

T

JAEN'S S

TREET

PICH

INCH

A ST

REET

INGAVI STREET

INDABURO STREET

ARMENTIA STREET

JAEN'S HOUSE

BORDERING BLOCKS

BORDERING BLOCKS

15-8CADASTRAL CODE

LOCATION PLANN


removal of the steel’s structure, giving another solution for the interior roof less aggressive for the inner. As i said before, the building endured a hostile “restoration” in 2004, no maintenance routine has ever been applied to the building in any time. From my point of view the main aim to give sustenibility to the building, beyond to face a phase of restoration of particular elements, is to re–use the building as a Museum we could note the vocation of the patrimonial site and that new function is totally compatible with its surrounding. Figure 19: Detail of damages observed into the building: Steel’s structure covering the

courtyard, infiltrations on walls, humidity, leakings, wear away of external floor.

Analysis As it was mentioned on –Throsby (2006,p.43)–4: Aesthetic, spiritual, social, historical, symbolic and authenticity are those values observed on the building; Aesthetic value because its typology (central courtyard, rooms around the courtyard, roofs with slopes toward the central courtyard, inner galeries, a main courtyard –social activities– linked with one or two courtyards more –service activities–) represents an important period on the contruction of housing, not only in Bolivia but in The Hispanic America as well; Spiritual value is represented by the character expresed for the patrimonial site as a part of the tradition and beliefs of the ancient city, until know ones can hear legends and histories relatives with an appearance of virgin Marie and Jesus–Crist walking on the streets; Social–Historical values are the main values observed on the patrimonial site and on the Jaen’s House being them the beginning of the liberated city (Revolution of 16th july 1809), where we are living on; Symbolic–Authenticity value are expresed by the site because it was not modified since the old times and it is preserves its initial urban structure, this aspect is important to mention because it is unique in its gender, it is not possivel to find out another one like Jaen’s street around the city. Synthesizing the analysis of the problem lead us to conclude with: damages and deterioration processes observed are caused by lack of maintenance and an inappropriate function of the building. Understanding of the characteristics of the building will help to correctly plan how to use the building on its new function. AIM EXPECTED: Program of maintenance (new reuse for the building) “Museum of the city”.

Proposal According to: (SANDBERG , D.: Practical Binder)

4 Managing built heritage; The role of cultural significance, D. Worthing & S. Bond, Blackwell publ.

2008.


The Maintenance program is done to help the Owner to take care of hers/his historically valuable building/-s in a correct way in between more costly restoration activities. A correct use and understanding of the Maintenance program will ensure a proper preservation of the specified values of the building. It shall be done and revised by a professional architect or antiquarian, inside or outside the heritage authorities, in cooperation with the owner.5 The present documentation will introduce two parts according the maintance program proposed: The first part will expose Specific works of restoration, through the one that, it pretended to accomplish improvements in comfort and safety, into the building, and the second part will expose a brief project to change of current function, technical and equipment for the building as a museum. Objetives of maintenance 1. The challenge of: an intervention into the historical buildings has

being considered, as well, as an important part of a possivel master plan of development of the city, that plan must give, of course, economical development into the surrounding population and also for the whole city.

2. The creation of a sustantainable prototype of a maintenance plan to be reply into any patrimonial site, even if the site is not monumental or is not listed, as a posibility to protect the heritage.

Specific works of restoration As it was mentioned several times the building shows a good status at the moment, however, that situation could change if any task is faced in the future, and we know that any process of degradation has a quick cycle, so the specific works of restoration proposed are: routine of preventive maintenance. 1. Roofs Infiltrations damage many constructive elements (plasters,

ceilings, paintings, carpentry, etc.), therefore we have to: • Verify the roof to ensure the strudtural status of the roof. • The intervention will, if it is necessary, restore elements respecting

constructive system and original shapes. • It is proper to use some waterproofing materials to protect wooden

parts and tiles; timber damaged by attack of termites must be attended as well.

• It is important to leave areas of circulation on the roof for future repairs it is also important to clarify tiles are (colonial type).

2. Plaster The aim is to reestablish plasters by repairing and sealing cracks. All material removed besides cracks must be retired and cleaned, new mortar has to be used into the crack applying adherent material. We have to be careful moisturing whole surface to work on.

5 Sandberg D., Practical Binder, page 3.


3. Carpentry The first activity is to clean and remove the unproper painting, it is important to removed aged painting by chemical or mechanic methods continuing with polished, primed and painting again.

4. Walls After to stop the moisture on the roofs we have to remove shelled paintings, coming up to wash with soap and plastic brushes, then over the dry surface will be painted with proper painting and on the rooms where it is necessary (exhibition rooms) walls will be cover by mobile panels, specially where there are windows or doors.

5. Balconies and grills To guarantee them it is necessary a frecuent maintenance, verifing specially drainages. Lacquers and paintings have to be controled on wooden and metallics elements; glasses have to be checked as well to avoid infiltrations.

6. Removal of the metallic structure into the courtyard This is important issue to face on, the current structure is aggressive and over dimensioned a solution proposed is to replace it by another structure placed on the carrying walls (mug–brick wall) around the courtyard, that structure will be bear by a reinforced channel–beam, for the area that should be covered is enought a light pyramidal structure with a glazing covering.

7. Electrical System The system has to be modernized as much as we can: redistribution of circuit breakers, switches redistribution, infrastructure for telephony, internet and security system, installation of external lighting has to be considered. After intervention ‘As-built’ drawings could be an important reference for the Maintenance Program.

8. Water supply system/ plumbing The system has to be modernized by replacement as well.

9. Fire fighting system has to be implemented to guarantee the security into the building.

10. Aditional Elements Even though the preservation procedure do not allow intervention which could threat the building there are elements clearly identified as newer than the original building, e.g. service areas: bathrooms, pantries, division walls, etc. All those areas will be removed if is necessary to improve the building on its new function. Also the office on the second floor will be demolish.

11. New elements are being considerated to implement into the new function, those are the following:

• Lighten cabinets into the second floor, where will be showed models to scale of the city, representative buildings or some constructive technique.

• Mobile panels implemented to cover some windows and doors to improve the surface for exhibition.


• Heating system bye natural gas will be considered to install in the interior.

• Lighting system for exhibitons will replace the existing. • Mobile panels to cover eventually the ceiling for conferences or

concerts to provide a proper acoustic into the rooms. 12. Manual for cleaning routine The restoration works has to include

the elaboration of a manual where all the architectural elements will be listed, including the procedures of their maintenance and it will be implemented during the new function of the building and its own manual of functions.

In addition, it is good to mention; any restoration work has to be corroborated by laboratory reports (stratigraphic studies) to provide of scientific character to the work. Project to change the current function to “Museum of the city” Figure 20: View of perspective of the inner courtyard.

Museum of the city is an information center working throught the storing, systematizing, processing and diffusion of its graphic and documental material. Museum has a social character providing to its visitors a source for investigation and knowledge. Objetives of the museum Figure 21: View of perspective of the inner courtyard. • To offer a new museum to the tourist activity in the city. • To exhibit the whole graphic and documental material to show the

development of the city. • To complement the educational system, linking the schools with

the museum as a part of the educational process. • To be an institution aware and involved with the memory of the

city and its inhabitants. • To create and improve the complementary–services around the

building site (coffee shop, store and souvenirs), as a way to get financial resourses for the museum.

Specialization’s areas of the museum • Permanent exhibition • Itinerant exhibition, workshops • Services, restroom • Info before Columbus architecture • Info colonial architecture • Info republican architecture • Info modernism’s architecture • Photography • Esculture • Models to scale of the city • Constructive techniques • Specialized Library on heritage Architectural program (general) • Video room • Reading room


• Storage room • Library • Museum’s administrador • Floor’s office • Hall • Public restrooms • Personal restrooms • Permanent exhibition room • Itinerary exhibition room • Conferences room • Meetings room Pedagogic support program Pedagogic program is leaded to different public, nevertheless will focus on school students to who the museum will complement their education. The prototype pedagogic program will be named “Creative hands”, children will reproduce all that they learned at the museum by drawings, handycrafts, or tridimensional models which will be delivered to the museum and after the same ones will be exhibited. Thematics chosen can be: parks, churchs, historical buildings, market places, typical, historical streets, etc. The purpose is to create a good civic behavior among children and to teach respect toward their neighborhood and city, developing their sense of belonging. Figure 22: View of perspective of the frontal façade. Types of pedagogic support program The pedagogic program will be split on various sub–programs: Children: didactics games by: Wooden cubes, bricks, tiles, tools to scale, clay to modelings, paintings. Teenagers: representation and comparison of different types of constructive techniques, workshops on plaster and paintings, workshop of photography. Adults: videos, discussions, basic seminars on restoration and history of the architecture. Old people: symbolic stories about the city and its customs, a possible name could be “the afternoon paceña”. Briefly this is the general project for the museum, obviously it is not possible to incorporate the integrity of the project, however some tasks will be listed to follow up: The conceptual project need to be supported by an architectonic detailed design which has to be done, above were described all spaces needed by the museum, following the method required by the public bureau which is in charge to approve the patrimonial projects. Laboratory studies are needed as well to determinate the new paintings, plasters and all materials will be proposed by the architect. Special elements for the museum have to be considerated, as sizes, shapes and materials: cabinets, urns, pedestals, etc. The architectonic design will be done on three months with its specifications and details then with all documentation will begin the


construction with t a specific plan of procedure wich will finish on six months, taking care to start those works after to finish the season of rains (march–november), as it was mentioned the project must establish a binder for future Maintenance tasks. Schedule and instruction for maintenance (tentative) Maintenance tasks will be faced periodically programmed with intervals of: monthly, twice a month, quarterly, biannually, annually, every two years and every five years. Weekly: Floors, frames, glasses, inner walls, bathrooms and ceilings will be cleaned deaply and properly with specific products. Monthly: It is important to determinate a schedule of inspections on roofs to ensure that any infiltration is happening by broken tiles or cracks in mortar; the roof glaze will be inspectionated as well, specially its plastic linkings (caring will be more at the rainy season). Walls will be checked to identify humidity and its solution should be as soon as possible. Twice a month: Pipes of bathrooms, kitchen and sanitary cameras will be checked and cleaned with proper chemical products. Inspection must be performed to detect the presence of termites into the wood, any damage verified in the timber should be corrected by the replacement of timber, or treatment of the attacked parts with chemical products. Lighting system for exhibition places will be verified considering that its function has to be permanent and efficient, electric pipes are important to verify as well. Quarterly: Planks and beams of ceilings should be verified in order to detect structural problems or humidity. Damaged parts must be replaced by others with the same features (types, dimensions, etc.). Dry parts must receive treatment for hydrating with linseed oil. Biannually: The external walls must be inspected to detect cracks in the plaster, then cracks must be immediately filled with lime, and painted with pigmented lime wash in the colour of the wall. Wooden floors must be protected withn enamel. Hinges, doorknobs should be inspected and lubricated. Every two years: The wooden parts of the building roofing must be painted with synthetic enamel painting. Every five years: Doors, windows and frames will receive synthetic enamel painting. Older layers have to be chemically or mechanically removed to avoid the growing thickness of the painted layers. The internal and external walls will be painted in the existing colours. Doors, windows, wooden beams of ceilings and floors, as well as stairs, rails and grills over windows and doors must be covered during the painting then it will procedure to paint all those elements item by item. Every five years will be evaluated the possibility to removal and change of electrical, water supply and sanitary system. Following it will be described a chronological table with activities and periods of interventions.


Figure 23 View of perspective into the exhibiton’s room

Method The method consider several stepsin order to: • Conceptual project, 2 months. • Laboratory studies 15 days. • Architectural design, considering grades of structural,

constructive intervention on the historical building and elaboration of the maintenance binder, 3 months.

• Constructive procedure, 6 months. • Maintenance program will be applicable after the end of the

changing of functions and restoration works. Finally to sum up each phase has to be faced hiring an suitable professional team by a public bid following the administrative procedures of the institution CDALP.

Results/Current Status of the Work The present proposal of maintenance Program and Plan for Jaen’s House is curently preparing to be delivered to SEHPC and CDALP, then colleagues of the institution will determinate if the CDALP is able to develop it and to consider the budget for the implementation on the next administrative period (2009–2011).

Discussion & Conclusions On my particular point of view the maintenance Program and Plan for Jaen’s House could to be a “prototype” of a powerful and systematic tool to permanently face the recurrent problem that in La Paz city we use to have and deal with; there were many problem specially to get information about the building because arquives of properties and historical information are not clear. Anyway, books and lectures made possible to understand widely the comprehension and the real dimension of the architectural heritage as an endless source of social, economical and cultural possibilities to achieve development in our countries.

References WORTHING, D.; BOND, S. “Managing Built Heritage; The Role of Cultural Significance”, 2008. GISBERT, Teresa. “Project & Studies for the preservation of Historical Centrum of La Paz”, 1995. MEDEIROS, Gustavo; CLARK, Evelyn; GISBERT, Teresa; OPORTO, Raul; BEDREGAL, Ramiro. “La Paz Historical Centrum”, 1977.


CUADROS, Alvaro. “La Paz”, 2002. GISBERT, Teresa; DE MESA, José; “Monuments of Bolivia”, 2001. HONORABLE CAMARA DE DIPUTADOS; “Laws & Norms for Protection of the Bolivian Heritage”, 2000. CUADROS, Alvaro; VERA, Maria Eugenia; “Reglamentos del Centro Urbano”, 1980. VISCARRA, Humberto; “las Calles de La Paz”, 1965. MACIAS, Marco Antonio; “Historia y Teoria de la Restauración”, 2003. SANDSBERG, Dick; “Maintenance Program, Binder”, 2007. SOTOMAYOR, Karyn; “Restauración de la Casa de la calle Genaro Sanjinez Nº 451, Monografia”, 2007. SOTOMAYOR, Ismael; “Añejerias Paceñas”; segunda edición, 1987. GOBIERNO MUNICIPAL DE LA PAZ; “USPA, Manual de Uso de Suelos y Patrones de Asentamientos”, 2007.


Appendix 1 Proposal for Jaen’s House, re–use “Museum of the City”

Figure 24: First floors of The Museum of the city, proposal for re–use.

Figure 25: Main Façade ans Section B-B’ of The Museum of the city, proposal for re–use.

Figure 26: Second floor of The Museum of the city, proposal for re–use.

-0.25

ItineraryExhibitions

WarehouseLibrary'soffice

Library

Administrationoffice

Boleteriasouvenirsstore

0.68

VideoRoom

InternetRoom

Ves

tibul

e

Bath.Bath.

Serviceroom

Bath.2.

21.

22

depo

Service area

4,21

-0.574

FIRST FLOOR

CB'

C'B

A'A

2.61.83

1.151.95

2.41.04

1.872.5

2.41.15

22.5

2.22

2.22

2.22

1.21

2

2 .2

1.19

1.18

1.04

1.2 2

8 ,78

9,69

9,31

-0.61

-0.97

S S

S

12

1

S

7

123456

1,52

3,19

-1.35-1.204

-0.125

+0.15

-0.28 +/-0.00

+0.15

+0.05 +0.10

+/-0.00

+1.22

+/-0.00

3,54

3,73

1,51

4,03

2,69

3,82

2,54

3,69

0,83

0,4 0,4

3,46

8,58

4,2 8

3,23

1,99

3,38

4,31

3,1

4,33

14,2

4,491,861,671,155,03

16,37

6,621,690,712,491,193,67

28,6

5

13,7

8

14, 4

5

Jaen's street

New roof for inner courtyard

FRONTAL FAÇADE

SECTION B-B'

-0.28

+0.10 +/-0.00

+3.16+3.21

+1.22

+2.96

+2.76

-0.125

-0.574

-1.204

2,95

2,75

2,82

2,82

3,1

3,03

1,63 2,

23 2,69

8,34

2,83

3,01

2,55

1,23

9,62

2,53

2,65

1,95

Permanentexhibitions

Itineraryexhibitions

Conferences room

Scale modelsof the city

Mee

tings

roo

m

Permanentexhibitions

Vestibule

Vestibule

Off

ice

13,7

8

4,67

7,74

8,2

1,36

7,88

B' C

B C'

A'A

0,96

1.90.7

1.90.7

1.950.78

1.950.8

2.41.222.4

1.22

2.41.24

2.41.24

2.41.24

2.331.26

2.331.3

2.331.24

B

18

17

16

15

14

13

12

11

10

9

8

B

17

16

15

14

13

12

11

10

9

8

6 5 47

3 2 1

+2.76

+2.65

+2.96

+2.96

+3.16

+3.21

+3.16

+1.22

1,76

2,8 2

1,1

1,59

14,4

2

5,11

2,01

7,82

3,86

0,942,89

1,69

2,7

4,5

1,3 2

3,53

0,920,620,40,620,97

4,27

221

,68

3,36

1,61

8,68

13,03

4,23

14,21

2,55 1,74 1,82 1,79 1,8 1,74 2,76

9,382,87

4,46

SECOND FLOOR


Figure 27: Section C-C’ of The Museum of the city, proposal for re–use.

Jaen's street

2,8

7,08

New roof for inner courtyard

SECTION C-C'

+3.21

+0.10

2,75

2,95

-0.28

+3.16

2,76

2,52

+/-0.00

+2.96

-0.125

+2.76

-0.574

-1.204

1,68

2,69

3,03

2,82

2,82

jaen’s house, xviii century - lth...“choqueyapu” (aymara’s word), as i mentioned before,...

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