jaa phdesa/narast meeting, beijing, 23-25sep03 1 overview of jaa safety strategy initiative narast...
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JAAJAA
PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 1
Overview ofJAA Safety Strategy Initiative
NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25 Sep 2003
P.H. (Dick) de Saint-Aulaire JSSI CoordinatorJAA Regulation Division
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 2
CONTENTS
• JAA overall objective• JSSI framework• JSSI update on results• Conclusion• Perspective
List of Abbreviations
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 3
JAA OVERALL OBJECTIVE
The Joint Aviation Authorities aim at continuous improvement of their effective safety system leading to further reduction of the annual number of accidents and fatalities irrespective of the growth of air traffic
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 4
JSSI FRAMEWORK
PURPOSESupport the JAA’s aim for safety by providing a focused Safety Agenda (Regulations, Research, training aids...) with deliverables
SCOPEConcentrate on Large Transport Aeroplanes operated in Commercial Air Transportation
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 5
JSSI FRAMEWORK
KEY ELEMENTS
• Partnership with Authorities and Interested Parties
• Cooperation with other organisations
• Public Perception: open communication
• Implementation
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 6
JSSI FRAMEWORK ORGANIZATION
CAST RS Steering Committee
Runway Safety WG
FAA JAA EUROCONTROL
JSSI Steering Group
Design Related WG
Occupant Safety & Survivability WG
Runway Safety Task Force
Occurrence Data Analysis Specs WG
Future Aviation Safety Team
Action Plan TeamCFIT, ALA, LOC
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 7
JSSI FRAMEWORK JAA CONSULTATION PROCESS
JSSI working groups
JSSI Steering Group
Implementation Action Plans through member states’ NAA
JAA Sectorial Teams
Operations
CertificationMaintenance
LicensingRegulations
JAA Committee
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 8
JSSI FRAMEWORK
APPROACH
Two complementary approaches are being used to develop the JSSI focused agenda:
• Historic approach, FAA/CAST leading
• Predictive approach, JAA/JSSI leading
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 9
JSSI FRAMEWORK
HISTORIC APPROACH
• Identify focus areas
• Prioritise focus areas: fatalities
• Analyse representative accidents sample set to recommend interventions
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 10
JSSI FRAMEWORK – HISTORIC APPROACH
FOCUS AREAS• Controlled Flight Into Terrain*)• Approach and Landing*)• Loss of Control*)• Design related• Weather*)• Occupant Safety and Survivability• Runway Safety*)
*) common with CAST
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 11
JSSI FRAMEWORK
PREDICTIVE APPROACH• Why?
– Future may not be a direct extrapolation of the past: changes.– Many accidents are related to situations not envisaged by the
assumptions made when designing
• Focused Methodology– From Changes to Hazards (inherent and due to interactions)
to Interventions.
• Future Aviation Safety Team (FAST)
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 12
JSSI update CFIT/ALA/LoC
• CFIT 8 Action Plans agreed• ALA 5 Action Plans agreed (mostly Ops related)• LoC 5 Action Plans agreed
1 Action Plan on hold
4 Action Plans drafted
(more design related, particularly Avionics)
All APs are based on those from CAST and adapted to European needs/context
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 13
JSSI update CFIT Action Plans
AGREED
• TAWS implementation• ATC CFIT training• Precision-like approach implementation• Flight Crew training in CFIT prevention• Crew Resources Management training• Standard Operating Procedures• Minimum Safe Altitude Warning• Flight Data Monitoring
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 14
JSSI update ALA Action Plans
AGREED
• Flight Crew Training• Flight Deck Equipment Upgrade/ Installation• Maintenance Procedures• Aircraft Design• Approach and Landing Safety Culture
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 15
JSSI update CFIT/ALA
Schedule revised• TAWS actions basically done, ICAO CFIT Training
Tool on JAA website• status check Aug 2002: less covered than expected• consequences discussed. Action Plans were:
– re-prioritised at JSSI APT meeting, Nov 02– re-planned in close cooperation with Ops Division– finalized and approved by JSSI StG, May 03– presented for approval in OST meeting, May03,
aiming for JAAC approval end 2003
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 16
JSSI update LoC Action Plans
DRAFTED• Advance Maneuver• HF & Automation• SOP• Operational procedures
ON HOLD• Risk management
AGREED• Flight Envelope Protection• Vertical Situation Displays• Auto-flight• Icing• Displays & Alerting systems
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 17
JSSI update LoC Action Plans
SCHEDULE• Advance Maneuver, HF & Automation, SOP,
Operational proceduresto be agreed with the OST before adoption by JAAC
• Risk managementon hold pending discussions with FAA on CPS
• Flight envelope protection, Vertical Situation Displays, Auto-flight*), Icing*), Displays & Alerting systems*)should be adopted by the JAAC at its Oct03 meeting
*) rely on harmonization work: JAA NPA on Icing and Auto-flight prepared
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 18
JSSI update DESIGN RELATED
LITTLE ACTION/PROGRESS
Final report delivered Jan 2002, including:– One Terms of Reference for Harmonisation :
• Tyre/wheel burst– One proposal to further investigate
• Certification/ Maintenance Interface– One proposal to further investigate the concept of
“Deep Treatment of Anomalies/Precursors” *)
*) Follow-up within the Occurrence Data Analysis Specification working group
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 19
JSSI update ODAS
Occurrence Data Analysis SpecsJSSI StG established ODAS working group
– Produce data users’ functional specifications document for ECCAIRS
– six tasks including initial specifications definition (e.g. Precursor Detection, Deep Treatment, Safety Performance Indicators)
– Authorities and Interested Parties participating including FAA, Boeing and Airbus
– Final report November 2003.
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 20
JSSI update WEATHER
• Participating in CAST Joint Safety Analysis Team: start originally planned Sep02, put on hold pending conclusion of other team examining areas of risks not covered yet
• Result: re-named Risk Reduction Team, start Jan03 • JSSI representative Airbus is only European
participating (Dutch Nat’l Aerospace Lab withdrew)• Icing is one important element
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 21
JSSI update OSS
LITTLE ACTION/PROGRESS
Final report includes:– recommendation on Unruly passenger– recommendation on improving Quality of Cargo handling– 4 detailed recommendations on Crew training/drills,
Cabin Crew/Passenger communication, Effectiveness of seat belts, Seat/floor attachment
– ToR for Harmonisation: Holistic approach to evacuation – 3 Research proposals :
On-board load and balance system, Smoking in toilets, Framework for data exchange
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 22
JSSI update OSS
• Draft report issued Sep 02
• Detailed recommendations presented to OST Sep 02, no adverse comments received so far
• Issue Final report initially planned Jan03, postponed, currently being re-planned
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 23
JSSI update RUNWAY SAFETY
Joint Task Force of JAA, EUROCONTROL,
ICAO-Europe and GASR:– Established 2001– Published Safety letter– Gathered data
• Anonymous Questionnaires to pilots and ATCOs• Interviews: selected airports and airlines• Data Banks from States and Service Providers
– Start selecting areas needing improvement
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 24
JSSI update RUNWAY SAFETY
RS Task Force findings for Europe:
– Runway Incursion every 3 or 4 days– Near-collision due to RI every 2 or 3 months
RUNWAY INCURSION IS A MAJOR ISSUE
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 25
JSSI update RUNWAY SAFETY
RS TASK FORCE FOLLOW-UP ACTION
• Drafted strategic plan• Proposed areas for improvement• Made initial recommendations:
– Awareness RS general– Data Collection & Analysis– Communications (RT phraseology, Language proficiency)– Procedures (ATC, Pilots, Drivers)– Visual Aids, Signs & Markings (ICAO Annex 14)– Situational Awareness– Maps & Charts
• Held RS Workshop, EUROCONTROL, Brussels, Sep02
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 26
JSSI update RUNWAY SAFETY
Conclusion of RS Workshop 9-10 Sep 2002
Start key remedial actions• Set up RS programme at aerodrome level• Pursue European co-operation• Further develop TF/Workshop recommendations• Stop Task Force, set up Working Group with
Steering Committee to monitor/steer implementation
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 27
JSSI update RUNWAY SAFETY
RS Working Group• Established Sep 2002• Drafted Terms of References of WG and StC• Proposed StC membership: directors level JAA, GASR,
EUROCONTROL, ICAO, IATA, ACI, IFATCA, IFALPA, a.o.
• Selected Runway Incursions as first priority• Drafted recommendations, developed into an
Action Plan, issued Apr 2003:
European Action Plan forthe Prevention of Runway Incursions
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 28
JSSI update RUNWAY SAFETY
European Action Plan forthe Prevention of Runway Incursions
• Reviewed by RS Steering Committee in Feb 2003, submitted to associated bodies for endorsement
• Endorsed:- Fully by EUROCONTROL- With caveat by GASR- Technically by JAA, awaiting JAAC formalization
• On EUROCONTROL websitewww.eurocontrol.int/safety/runwayincursion.htm
• Printed hardcopies since May 2003
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 29
JSSI update Future Aviation Safety Team
• PHASE I, Oct 1999 - Sep 2000– Methodology established– 157 AoC affecting the Aviation System identified
• PHASE II, Sep 2000 - Jul 2001– Top 20 Areas of Change selected using AHP method
– Focus top 2 : Flight Deck Automation
New concepts for Airspace Management
• PHASE III, Oct 2001 - Jan 2003
– Focused Analysis of FDA
Outputs: Safety considerations for future FDA
Validation of FAST
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 30
JSSI update FAST
Crew reliance on Flight Deck Automation
• 6 topics analysed, selected from top 23 by voting, looking at current or future hazards:
– Situational Awareness Displays– FMS– CRM– Navigation Using Terrain Recognition– Fully Automated Flight– CNS/ATM free flight
• 34 interactions selected out of 157 by voting
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 31
JSSI update FAST
REPORT ON PHASE III Final draft presented at JSSI StG meeting, Jan03 Final version presented in JSSI StG meeting May03
aiming for its approval in 23Sep03 meeting Including:
- vision of future automation
- list of principal automation hazards
- recommendations & follow-up
- future work
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 32
JSSI CONCLUSION
• Structured activity to define focused safety agenda• Full coordination with CAST, Eurocontrol, ICAO, FSF• JSSI in JAA Business Plan• Resources are scarce, necessitating prioritisation of
JSSI outputs• Progress 2003
– OST better involved– ALAR/CFITR planning & priority repaired– FAST report timely available for EASA– Runway Safety initiative gained momentum– ODAS WG on track, result available before start ECCAIRS– Started drafting JSSI inventory for EASA, available end
2003
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 33
JSSI PERSPECTIVE
• Future Work Programme being developed• No formal guarantee EASA adopting JSSI, so far;
agreed to continue until further notice.• EASA, starting 28 Sep 2003, expected to be ready
for discussion not earlier than end 2003• By then much JSSI output available as supporting
evidence of necessity to continue Safety Strategy Initiative under EASA
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 34
JSSI AbbreviationsCAST Commercial Aviation Safety TeamFAST Future Aviation Safety TeamAHP Analytical Hierarchy ProcessFSF Flight Safety Foundation CPS Commercial Airplane Certification Process Study
AoC Area of Change (in the Aviation System)APT Action Plan TeamGASR Group of Airport Safety RegulatorsNPA Notice of Proposed AmendmentEAPPRI European Action Plan for the Prevention of
Runway IncursionsECCAIRS European Coordination Centre for Accident & Incident Reporting System
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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Beijing, 23-25Sep03 35
JSSI AbbreviationsJAAC JAA CommitteeOST Operations Sectorial Team (JAA)FMS Flight Management SystemToR Terms of Reference (= Charter)ATC Air Traffic ControlATCO Air Traffic ControllerCNS/ATM Communications, Navigation,
Surveillance/ Air Traffic ManagementODAS Occurrence Data Reporting SpecificationLoC Loss of ControlALA Approach and LandingCFIT Controlled Flight Into TerrainOSS Occupant Safety & Survivability