j. corera iberdrola distribution...

fenix 1

fenix‘… a step towards the future of

electricity networks’

fenix‘… a step towards the future of

electricity networks’

Virtual power Plant Concept in Electrical Networks

J. Corera

Iberdrola Distribution

…on behalf of

fenix 22nd Conference on Integration of Renewable andDistributed Energy Resources

Introduction to the VPP


VPP – FENIX solution to DER integration

• Overall aim: Integrate DER cost effectively in the operation and development of electricity networks– Integration: solving system (network) problems with

DER

• FENIX approach : Virtual Power Plant (VPP) as key delivery mechanism for integration of DER and demand response


VPP – analogy with conventional transmission system operation • Large generation is integrated in transmission network

operation and development– At transmission level power plants are the main source of system

control (balance between supply & demand)

– Operators control transmission network flows by modulating outputs of generators

• In the future there will be a large number of small generators connected to the distribution network– DER (and demand response) to provide control of distribution and

transmission networks

– This integration will enhance the value of DER


TSO network constraint (congestion) management

=

Overload


VPP concept for network control

400 kV

VPP

(G&L)

LG L

G

G

G

400kV

132kV

33kV 11kV

400 kV

P, QP, Q

=

Characteristics:(1) Output (2) Reserve(3) Dynamic response (4) Cost characteristics

11 kV/0.4 kV

LV area 1 LV area 2

TVPP area 1 TVPP area 2


VPP – source of control

• VPP as a source of control of T & D Networks

• VPP to be used by DSOs/TSOs to support system operation

– Frequency control (TSO)

– Voltage control (TSO and DSO)

– Flow control (TSO and DSO)

– Stability enhancement (TSO)

– Security and reliability enhancement (TSO and DSO)


Example: Alcora substation (20kV)

Cotasafeeder

GRIDSUPPLYPOINT

20 MW

15 MW

0.5 MW 0.5 MW2 MW

2.2 MW

2.1 MW

9.1 MW

13 MW

2 MW

COTASA

10 MW

INCOAZUL

1 MW

ATOMISA

2 MW

TILESA

0.3 MW

0.5 MW 0.5 MW1 MW2 MW

5 MW6 MW


Cotasa feeder and generation data

0.5 MW 0.5 MW2 MW

2.2 MW2 MW

COTASA

10 MW

INCOAZUL

1 MW

ATOMISA

2 MW

TILESA

0.3 MW

0.5 MW 0.5 MW1 MW2 MW

REST OF THE

NETWORK

Pset Pmin Pmax Qmin Qmax Offers Bids*scheduled (MW) (MW) (MVAr) (MVAr) *Inc *Dec

(MW) (MW) (MW) (MVAr) (MVAr) (€/MWh) (€/MWh)1 COTASA 10 2 15.7 -12 12 60 102 INCOAZUL 0.96 0 1 -0.5 0.5 50 103 TILESA 0.29 0.25 0.3 0 0 40 104 ATOMISA 2 1 8 -4 4 30 10

Total: 13.25 3.25 25 -16.5 16.5

Index DG name


PQ diagram of Cotasa VPP

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

PG VPP (MW)

Rea

ctiv

e C

apab

ility

(MV

Ar)


Re-dispatch cost function of VPP

-150

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

0 5 10 15 20 25

PG VPP (MW)

R (C

ost)


Project FENIX


• FENIX is an European collaborative project, partly funded by the European Commision within the 6th Framework Programme for Research

• It was launched in October 2005 and its duration is 4 years

• 20 partners are involved

• The total budget is 14,7 MEuro

FENIX Project coordinates


FENIX partners

•2 TSO

•3 DSO

•4 Manufacturers

•3 ICT specialists

•7 R&D centers &

Universities

•1 Business

consultant


FENIX Challenges

• Identify potential present (and future) contribution of DER to networks that can be performed at advantageous cost (see Fenix at poster session).

• Identify network needs and the way to satisfy them using DER

• Revise regulations, incentive mechanisms and contractual relationships between the different participants (DER, aggregators, network operators and markets), to enhance DER contribution to the network with a fair economic return

• Investigate aggregation (VPP) so the limited size of DER and their non-deterministic behaviour limitations can be overcome

• Develop the ICT architecture to make it work:– At DER level: FENIX box– At VPP level: DEMS systems– At system operators: revision of EMS and DMS tools


Challenges in characterising VPP

• VPP is a complex “generating” plant

– Diversity of technology and locations–electricity led, heat led CHP, weather condition driven output

– Characteristics of demand (process, amount of storage, load recovery patterns)

– Inter-temporal dependencies

• Uncertainty

– VPP output, reserve capabilities and dynamic response characteristics (wide range of time horizons to be considered – from seconds, minutes to hours)

– Role and value of ICT to facilitate VPP and reduce uncertainty (data management and forecasting tools)


Fenix players

Households CHP

Wind farmsIndustrial & commercial

FENIX software

Energy MarketsDistribution

System Operators

Transmission System Operator

Aggregators


Fenix agent functionality and architecture


VPP Functionality: Market and System Management participation (UK pilot context)


VPP Functionality & Interaction

• Fenix Box & VPP

– Optimise position of local of DER and demand, transmit data on DER position and operating parameters, costs etc.

• CVPP (Commercial Virtual Power Plant)

– Aggregates output from Fenix Box/VPP (before market closure)

– Facilitates access to wholesale electricity markets– Reduces imbalance risk

• TVPP (Technical Virtual Power Plant)

– Aggregates output and BOAs from Fenix Box/VPP (at market closure and during system balancing)

– Facilitates access to transmission system balancing congestion management markets

– Manages local constraints on distribution system – Facilitates access to scheduled ancillary services markets


Scalability: from few to million units

Meter

Fenix Box Type 1

Level 2Aggregation(10 to 100 units per level 1 aggregator)

Level 1Metering(10 to 500 units perlevel 2 aggregator)

Fenix Box Type 2

G(Few MW)

L(100kW)

Level 3Aggregation(100 to 5000 units)

Service to Market Stakeholders

Internet

Level 4DEMS – EMS - DMS

Fenix Box Type 3

L(100kW)

G(100kW)

Local Plant

ControlSmart Meter

Smart Meter

DG Controller

VPP Concentrator


Fenix deployments:pilot in Spain


Alava DSO – 30/13,2kV simplified networkAlava DSO – 30/13,2kV simplified network

ELGUEAELGUEA

GAMARRAGAMARRAALIALI

ALSASUAALSASUA

JUNDIZJUNDIZ

PUENTELARRAPUENTELARRA

GGGG

DER (CHP) MW

Transformer 220/30 kV - TSO-DSO Boundary

DER (Wind farms) MW

Capacitors MVAR

14,4 x 2 Mvar

14,4 x 2 Mvar 14,4 Mvar

5,4 x 4 Mvar

Capacitors – 96,6 Mvar

GG

GG

GG

GG

GG

GUASCOR

HOSPITAL

GOJAIN MICHELIN

12 MW

2,0 MW

2,7 MW

TXAGORRITXU0,5 MW

47 MW

GG

GG

GGENVIROIL

HOLZLAN

SEARSA

2,0 MW

1,0 MW

2,7 MW

Transformation 30/13,2 kV

GG Small Hydro units MW

Several DER 5 MW

13,2 kV

GG ELGUEA30 MW

GGBADAIA

50 MW

GGURKILLA

32 MW

GG

GG

GG

GG

GG

GG

DER – 168 MVA Installed capacity


TSOTSO

Southern Scenario

DSODSO

GG

G

G

G

G

GGGG GG

Conventional generatorsConventional generators

InterconnectionsInterconnections

loadsloads

G DER goingto the market

DER goingto the market

G

FenixFenixMarketMarket

The goal is to manage DER to provide as much services asthe conventional generators do

Active powerTertiary reserveReactive powerAncillary services

Active powerTertiary reserveReactive powerAncillary services


Providing global services (TSO level)1- Selling large amount of active power in the day ahead market

2- Tertiary reserve, balancing market

Providing local services (DSO level)3- Selling reactive power capacity (PO7.4) (4.3.6.)

4- Help maintaining voltages in lines

Providing local services in emergency situations (to be simulated)5- Use active power generation to avoid load shedding (PO 6.1), help keeping

supply in local constrains, ….

In every use case DSO and TSO should validate feasibility in the proposed solutions: n-1, quality of service (±7% voltage) and overloads

What will be demonstrated?


Fenix deployments:pilot in UK


Woking Network

Woking Primary 33/11kV 24MVACivic Offices 0.11MW CHP (gas)

Town Centre CHP 1.8MW CHP (gas)

Horsell Primary 33/11kV 16MVABrockhill Sheltered Housing 30kW PV export

Old Woking Primary 33/11kV 12MVABT, Telephone Exchange 0.8MW diesel gen.

Priors Croft Nos 1-32 22kW CHP (gas)

Woking Pool in the Park 20kW PV panel

0.2MW fuel cell

0.95MW CHP (gas)


Woking

Old Woking

Horsell


Glass Moor Wind Farm

• 8 x 2MW wind turbines

• Metering at the interface and at Peterborough Grid 132/33kV

• The operator has little awareness of his operation

FB

Fenix Concentrator

Peterborough Grid 132/33kV


Deployment over the Northern Scenario

PV Cell

L2L1

G3

VPP Concentrator 1 & 2

Fenix Box

VPP Concentrator 3 (Existing CHP SCADA)

Fenland Glass Moor Windpark(8 Re-Power MM2 2MW each – total 16MW)

EDF Energy

DEMSSCADA

G1G1G1G1

Woking CHP Portfolio (total 4MW)

Woking Swimming Pool & Imperial College Labs

Woking Council & EDF Energie Nouvelle

Internet Wind generation

DEMS Application Server

Hor

sell

SS

G2

G1 Wok

ing

SS

Old Woking SS

33KV

11KV

VPP Concentrator Box 4

Load under Demand Response

Load under Demand Side Management

Web Access


Conclusions


Conclusions

• If we want DER to effectively replace central, conventional generation, they have to contribute to system needs

• Fenix is a first step, however a lot of changes have to take place:– Regulatory frameworks have to promote DER

contribution– DER Technology was not developed with this aim,

however, and provided the limitations imposed by the nature of DER, efficient support to the system is possible (example Voltage control)

– International awareness is required

• Aggregation will be required to handle large DER penetration

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