J. Brau June 8, 2006

Fermilab Users MeetingILC Related Talks

Congressional PerspectiveJudy Biggert, US Congress

News from the NSF       Jon Kotcher, NSF

ILC/T2KHiro Aihara, Tokyo

Public Lecture: Rising Above the Gathering StormNorman Augustine

EPP 2010        Harold Shapiro, Princeton University

News from the DOE      Robin Staffin, DOE

Superconducting Module Test Facility for the ILC        Tim Koeth, Rutgers University

Director's Report      Pier Oddone, FNAL

Judy Biggert, US Congress• Proud of ACI

– States firmly “Basic Research” IS part of ACI

• “Discovery Sells Itself”– “by answering how the universe came to be you make

a great contribution”

• Sometime in the next several years Congress will have to decide on ILC– Need to invest now in R&D to inform that decision

• In answering question – unfamiliar with EPP2010– Referred to LHC user fees

Hiro Aihara

Hiro Aihara

J. Kotcher Fermilab User’s Meeting, 31 May – 1 June 2006

International Linear Collider

• NSF support of ILC in FY05 ~ $0.75M in FY05 – University research in detector and

accelerator development ($0.25M)• University support is partnership with DOE

– Support of GDE personnel & activities ($0.5M)

• Support for each was doubled in FY06, total $1.5M

• Physics Division is in process of understanding the most effective means of utilizing NSF strengths to support ILC

HEP2006

Dr. Robin Staffin

DOE/SC/HEPJune 1, 2006

@FNAL

ILC

Fermilab’s New National Role

Informal Personal ObservationsInformal Personal Observations

(Not approved by the NAS or the NRC!)

Harold T. ShapiroPrinceton University

May 2006

Particle Physics and the “ACI”Particle Physics and the “ACI”

• The current debate over the ACI initiative is a debate over who gets the money, although it is disguised as a debate over which activities most easily and quickly promote economic growth.

• Competitiveness is not won in a day, but in a generation. Understanding this may be the key to additional support for the physical sciences

Nature of the Scientific OpportunitiesNature of the Scientific Opportunities(For the ‘uninitiated’ does Particle Physics (For the ‘uninitiated’ does Particle Physics

still matter?)still matter?)• As a committee of skeptics, outsiders, and insiders, how exciting were the

scientific opportunities in particle physics?

• The committee concluded that particle physics continues to be a critical component of the physical sciences

– Intellectual vitality and connectedness to many other fields– Inspiration to and attractor for young people– One of the drivers of technological frontiers

• The committee also concluded that the scientific agenda is especially exciting at the present time

– Indeed, we are perhaps entering the most exciting era of particle physics in at least a generation

• In addition, particle physics is at a pivotal moment– Answers to long-standing questions are now within our technological reach– Convergence of separate lines of inquiries has special significance

• New tools such as the LHC and proposed ILC are poised to address these mysteries and make profound discoveries

Status of the U.S. ProgramStatus of the U.S. Program

• Historical distinction• Stagnating level of support for past 10 years• Intellectual center of gravity moving abroad• Major experiments are coming to the end of their scientifically

useful lives

There is no clear follow-on plan in place Significant risk of losing substantial (intellectual and financial)

resources

However, there is a “silver lining”– As facilities close or change focus, resources are becoming

available within the program to support and launch new initiatives

International Linear ColliderInternational Linear Collider

• Scientific role– LHC will map out the territory, but a precision tool will be necessary for a

comprehensive understanding

• Cost and schedule– Global scientific consensus has led to a world-wide planning activity (the

Global Design Effort)– Key objective is determination of a credible design, cost, and schedule.

However the committee proceeded under the assumption that the cost was ‘like’ the LHC and would require an international partnership.

• Relative timing– ILC would only become tenable after cost and initial LHC results complete

the grounds for decision-making.

• Opportunity for the United States– Preliminary investment of risk capital is needed– A successful U.S. bid-to-host requires taking initiative now.

Ordered PrioritiesOrdered Priorities1. Exploit the opportunities offered by the LHC

2. Plan and initiate a comprehensive program to participate in the global effort to complete the necessary R&D to design and plan an international linear collider

3. Do what is necessary to mount an internationally compelling bid to build the international linear collider on U.S. soil

4. Seize the opportunities at the intersection of particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology by coordinating and expanding domestic efforts

5. Pursue an internationally coordinated, staged program in the physics of neutrinos and proton decay

6. Pursue precision probes of physics beyond the Standard Model using available resources as a guide to overall level of effort while maintaining diversity

What the Report Means for the What the Report Means for the National LaboratoriesNational Laboratories

• Science program of the national laboratories is evolving– Fermilab will become the only laboratory primarily devoted to particle

physics and this ‘fact’ will have implications for its scientific agenda

– Can a competitive, globally relevant national program be sustained if the major new initiative is an accelerator-based neutrino program at Fermilab?

– The committee thought very hard about this possibility but could not see a long-term leadership role for the U.S. in this scenario

– Thus, the committee recommends that the U.S. lead an international effort to consider how best to coordinate a long-term global effort with long-baseline neutrino experiments

• Fermilab will play a key role in mobilizing and working with the country’s best talent and resources in implementing a national vision that has strategic importance in the global context

• Fermilab is a strong contender to have the ILC sited nearby

Take-Home Message (2)Take-Home Message (2)• Particle physics in the U.S. is at a crossroads

– Scientific discoveries are just within reach whose impact is likely to transform and even transcend particle physics

– U.S. facilities are being closed or converted to other uses and federal investments have stagnated

– Intellectual center of gravity is moving overseas with the construction of new facilities in Europe and Japan

Without clear, decisive action in the next few years, the U.S. program will deteriorate

The United States should continue to support a competitive program in this key scientific field

The committee outlined a strategy that has the best chance to put the United States at the forefront of the field with a program of distinction and importance

Take Home Message (3)Take Home Message (3)

• Our Vision: That particle physicists, both here and abroad, and their students will be able to pursue which ever aspect of the field that they find intellectually exciting.

• To achieve this vision and be accountable for the responsible use of public resources requires that investments in new experimental facilities be “internationally optimized” and open to all scientists on an equitable basis. {Strategic Principle 2}

Fermilab and the EPP2010Fermilab and the EPP2010

Users Meeting 6/1/06

Pier Oddone

How do we line up?How do we line up?

At the energy Frontier

Tevatron: essential to show success now – it is how the field gets measured – not really addressed by EPP2010

LHC: unprecedented opportunity and expected revolution! Will have to be successful before we can ask for the ILC

ILC: our main goal - the machine will be needed soon to explore the terascale

While ILC is the first priority for a new facility wherever it is built, we want to host the machine at FNAL

ILC StrategyILC Strategy

Deliver on the present program: more than $3B in the next four years (a must).

Make the LHC a success (a must).

Make early decision with the agency that ILC path will be supported (RDR).

Be ready by the end of the decade with site specific

design/cost/international arrangements, completed component R&D, industrialization plans.

CoveredAbove

Third element: Support for RDRThird element: Support for RDR

Secretary Bodman: How much …….?

The RDR is now key element: it determines whether DOE leadership states intent to bid-to-host and makes necessary investment.

What do we want with the RDR?What do we want with the RDR?

Cost will not be precise: no known time scale, no real engineering design, no detailed site design; R&D not finished; no industrialization; done outside DOE costing rules ……

So what good is it?

Hopefully it allows the DOE to decide we really want to do this and to make the large investment necessary in the next few years to do real design and industrialization.

We hope it will allow DOE to initiate international discussions on process for a bid-to-host

Fourth element: ready for decision by Fourth element: ready for decision by the end of the decadethe end of the decade

After the RDR, will need site specific designs

Agreement on a site? How many? 0,1,2,3…. All regions will contribute to generic elements of the design but individual regions to their site-specific designs

Decision at the end of the decade will be based on success of R&D, full site specific design, credible cost estimate.

No engineering test facility (2-3% of ILC) will be possible outside the project – if we want an early start of the ILC

Getting ready for decisionGetting ready for decision

Fermilab ILC R&D activities following GDE:

ILC Machine Design Development of SCRF technology & infrastructure Conventional Facility & Site Studies for a US ILC site Industrialization & Cost Reduction ILC Physics, Detector Design, and Detector R&D

Support activities of and build partnerships with laboratories and universities

Support GDE and transition to follow-on organization

How do we line up ?How do we line up ?

Neutrino program: for us higher priority because we provide the accelerator facilities:

Present neutrino program: most powerful through 2010: MINOS, MiniBoone; SciBooNE; MINERVA

Near term program: proposed NOvA program, complementary to T2K; does this qualify as a “phased” approach and part of a coherent international effort as recommended by EPP2010? Can we get the support above the ILC R&D?

What next in neutrinos?What next in neutrinos?

Understanding the Neutrino matrix:

What is sin22

What is the Mass Hierarchy What is the CP violation parameter

Fermilab is in the best position to make vital contributions to answer these questions with complementary program to T2K facility in Japan

Neutrinos and EPP2010Neutrinos and EPP2010

Carry out a “phased neutrino program…. internationally” NOvA as first step?

Nothing to negotiate now other than giving up on the domestic program. Loss to world’s program.

Decision largely up to the US since the Japanese will not consider coming here to do the neutrino program in the initial phases

The elephant in the room is the ILC – EPP2010’s clear hope is that we can help the Japanese in exchange for their help on the ILC. This is a fine approach, but is the timing right?

The key question is for P5: is the complementary reach of NOvA a compelling physics program.

P5 and neutrinosP5 and neutrinos

P5 has two scenarios: 1) out year scenarios given by DOE to Congress: FY07=+7%;

FY08=+1.5%; FY09=+3.0% and 10% increases per year for the next administration

2) 7% increases per year (approximately 3.5% real growth)

In the first scenario: no room to do anything except continue ILC R&D unless we shut down facilities almost immediately.

The second scenario is very tight but allows for initiatives to get started and supported to conclusion when we shut down facilities after FY08 and FY09.

Summary of Main IssuesSummary of Main Issues

Transition Tevatron LHC program: how to complete the Tevatron program successfully

Neutrino program: solve tritium issue, cost of NOvA and how (and if) it fits in the US roadmap

ILC: need to ramp up the effort – not possible with present out-year budget plans (HEP part of ACI?) until closure of facilities. Situation might be much better.

Many reasons to be optimisticMany reasons to be optimistic

Extraordinary level of support for the field

Extraordinary level of support for an ambitious next stage: the ILC

The laboratory is aligned with EPP2010.