Developing Yellow Rust Resistant Winter Wheat Germplasm

Mesut Keser, A. Morgounov, B. Akın, Z. Mert,

F. Ozdemir, K. Nazari

28 April 2014

Izmir, Turkey

6006500

4000350

3900800

IWWIP 1986 IWWIP: Turkey and CIMMYT established

joint winter wheat breeding program for the region based in Anatolian Plateau of Turkey.

1990 IWWIP: Turkey/CIMMYT/ICARDA

ICARDA Highland Wheat Breeding Program joined IWWIP to establish a well integrated international breeding framework.

Edirne

Adapazari

Ankara

KonyaAdana

Eskisehir

Erzurum

Diyarbakir

SWWW

Research Institutes in Turkey contributing to the

IWWIP-TCI

Aleppo

Izmir

Samsun

Biotic Stresses in the Region

Country Biot1 Biot2 Biot3

Armenia Comm bunt Loose Sm Sr

Azerbaijan Yr Lr Comm bunt

Iran Yr Lr S Pest

Georgia Weed Cer Leaf Beet Comm bunt

S.Kazakhstan Yr Septoria Smut

Kyrgystan Yr Septoria Sunn Pest

Tajikistan Yr Sr-Lr Leaf Beetle

Turkey Yr Sr-Lr Spest-RR

Uzbekistan Lr Yr PM-Spest

Edirne LR

Adapazari LR

Ankara YR, SR

Konya YRAdana YR, LR

Eskisehir YR

Erzurum YR

Diyarbakir YR

YR

LR

Wheat rust diseases in Turkey

Aleppo YR

Izmir YR, SR

Samsun SR, LR

Kastamonu SR

SR

IWWIP disease priority

Disease Artificial inoculation starts

Yellow Rust F2

Leaf Rust F2

Soil Born Pathogens

Nematodes F3

Root rots F3

Common bunt F6

Stem rust F6

Septoria -

Tan spot -

Powdery mildew -

Yr Haymana vs TH Aleppo

PYT 1573 (including Checks)

Locations Ankara, Turkey and TH, Syria

YR evaluation under artificial inoculation

TH vs Haymana

Haymana Tel Hadya

Altitude 950 m 400 m

Min Temp 0C -15 -20 - 4 -6

Max Temp 0C 33-34 40-42

Precip. mm 350 340

First Yr Simp Mid May Mid April

Tel Hadya vs Haymana (%)

26,2

44,2

20,4

28,724,7

17,8

14

7,8

14,7

1,4

0

10

20

30

40

50

%

R MR MS S VS

TH

HYM

YR Scores of Checks (18 reps)

0

20

40

60

80

100

47

32 TH

Hym

Material

163 winter and spring bread wheat

cultivars/lines

A set of tester varieties (1-20), USA

differantial set

*B. Akın, in collaboration with Dr. Xianming Chen

Resistance Genes at WFW material*

Evaluated at / by

1- Seedling stage

2- Adult stage

3- Molecular markers

The frequency of different resistant types and resistance genes

in WFW germplasm

Type of resistance

Resistance genes

All germplasm studied

Number of entries %

Adult Plant Resistance (APR) only 44 27

Including Yr18 16 19

Major genes only 11 6

Major genes and APR 107 67

Including: unknown major gene + Yr18 40 24

Yr1 + unknown APR gene/s 5 3

Yr17 + unknown APR gene/s 3 2

Yr17+Yr18 1 0.6

Yr9 + unknown APR gene/s 4 2

Yr9 + Yr18 8 5

Yr5 or Yr10 or Yr15 0 0

Total 162 100

Yield gain in leaf rust resistant and susceptible winter wheat varieties due to fungicide application*

Genotypes 24 (6 R, 6 MR, 6 MS, 6 S

Reps 6 (3 protected/3 non-protected

Place Sakarya, Turkey

Inoculation Natural

Year 2012, 2013

* A. Morgounov

Results

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

2 6 18 3 13 20 5 15 14 10 4 17 25 22 21 24 1 19 12 9 16 7 8 11

% Y

ield

pro

tecte

d/c

on

tro

l

2012

R MR SMS

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

6 20 2 3 13 18 15 14 5 17 10 4 21 25 22 24 19 1 11 9 7 12 8 16

% Y

ield

pro

tecte

d/c

on

tro

l

2013

Conclusions How can we capture this trait in the breeding

program?

Combination of treated and disease exposed generations?

Resistance is highly needed but can be combined with response?

18

Number of Entries Tested for Yellow Rust Screening(1995-2013)

967

2.467

5.077

7.167

5.881

7.1926.776

7.8697.255

6.2956.743

6.117 5.974

4.641

6.295

8.960

12.50012.57211.813

0

2.000

4.000

6.000

8.000

10.000

12.000

14.000

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009*

2010

*

2011*

2012

*

2013

*

*Kastamonu included

* * * *

Percent of Resistant Entries for Yellow Rust in IWWIP Nurseries(1995-2011) (CI 20%)

9

2018

59

45

62

46

32

60

41

64

57

72 73

68

75

0

20

40

60

80

100

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

?*

*2007 Evaluated only PYT Nur.

International Nurseries2011-12

Nursery # of

Entry

Rep # of

Sets

# of Country

19FAWWON-SA 150 1 70 35

19FAWWON-Ir 150 1 80 40

14IWWYT-SA 30 2 30 15-20

15IWWYT-Ir 40 2 30 15-20

3rdSRRN 100 1 50 30

LRRN 50 20 10

YrRN 50 20 10

SPestRN 11 10 6

WFW varieties originated from IWWIP and released in the region

y = 0.218x - 436.6R² = 0.990

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Are

a. m

ln h

a

Years

Area under IWWIP originated varietiesCountry Varieties

released

Afghanistan 5

Armenia 4

Azerbaijan 2

Georgia 4

Iran 6

Kazakhstan 2

Kyrgyzstan 6

Tajikistan 3

Turkey 27

Turkmenistan 1

Uzbekistan 1

Utilization of IWWIP germplasm in

Europe and USA primarily as parents

WFW varieties originated from IWWIP and released in the region since 2010

Country Release

d

Variety Name Institution Cross Cross ID Selection history

Afghanistan

2013

Bamiyan-013

ARIA-MAIL

VORONA/KAUZ/4/URES/BBL//KAUZ/3/BC

N TCI971315 -0SE-0YC-0YE-…

Azerbaijan 2010 Tale-38 Azeri Res. Inst. of Farming SPN/NAC//ATTILA

CMSW92W

M00217S -0SE-0YC-1YE-0YC

Azerbaijan 2014 Gizil Bugda Azeri Res. Inst. of Farming SAULESKU41/SADOVO1 TCI950295 -3AP-0AP-0E-1YE-0YE-1YM-0YM

Georgia 2010 Lomtagora-09 Lomtagora Seed Farm SHARK/F4105W2.1 CIT925169 -0SE-0YC-6YC-0YC

Georgia 2010

Lomtagora-

123 Lomtagora Seed Farm FRTL/NEMURA

CMSW93W

M0073 -0AP-0YC-*-1YE-1YC-0YC

Georgia 2012 Sauli 9 Georgian Agrarian University SAULЕSКU#44/ТR810222

CMSW94W

M00586S -03Y-0B-0SE-3YE-0YC-2YM-0YM

Iran 2010 Zare

Seed and Plant Improvement

Institute

130L1.11//F35.70/MO73/4/YMH/TOB//MCD

/3/LIRACIT925080

-0SE-0YC-7YC-0YC-1YC-0YC-3YC-

0YC

Iran 2011 Rijaw

Dryland Agricultural

Research Institute

PATO/CAL/3/7C//BB/CNO/5/CAL//CNO/SN

64/4/CNO//BAD/CHR/3/KL../6/SABALANTCI-97-312 0AP-0MAR-0MAR-1MAR-0MAR

Iran 2013 Tak-Ab

Dryland Agricultural

Research Institute MANNING/SDV1//DOGU88 CIT90038 -0YC-0YC-0YC-12YC-0YC

Iran 2014 Baran

Dryland Agricultural

Research Institute PTZ NISKA/UT1556-170//UNKNOWN TCI97AP -037-0AP-0MA- 1MA-0MA

Kazakhstan 2011 Konditerskaya Red Fall Experimental StationNEELY/SPN//SPN/3/SPN//63.189.66.7/BEZ

WWN86012

9-2H-0YC-3YC-0YC

Kyrghyzstan 2011 Petr MIS Cooperative Farm SDY/ALD/3/NAI60/HN7//BUC/4/ALUCAN

CMSW90M7

8 20H-0P-1YC-0YC-4YC-0YC

Turkey 2011 AY YILDIZ

East Anatolia Agric. Res.

Inst., Erzurum

NGDA146/4/YMH/TOB//MCD/3/LIRA/5/F13

0L1.12CIT935224

-0SE-0YC-3YE-0YC-3YM-0YM

Turkey 2012 ERAYBEY

Bahri Dagdas International

Agric. Res. Institute, Konya F10S-1/CHISHOLM TCI97AP012 -0AP-0AP-0YE-6YE-0YE-1YE-0YE

Acknowledgements

Turkey

CIMMYT

ICARDA

IWWIP Cooperators

Thank you

Where to go next