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IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42 d. ¾ of the delegates had been members of the Confederation Congress e. For the most part all were rich f. 40 % served in war

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Page 1: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

IV. The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787

A. Who attended

1. 55 delegates from 12 states

a. all whiteb. All malec. Average age—42d. ¾ of the delegates had

beenmembers of the Confederation

Congresse. For the most part all were

rich f. 40 % served in war

Page 2: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

B.Major Players

1. George Washington 1732-1799

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gilbert_Stuart_Williamstown_Portrait_of_George_Washington.jpg
Page 3: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

2. George Mason1725-1792

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gmetching.gif
Page 4: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

3. James Madison1751-1836

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:James_Madison.jpg
Page 5: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

4.Edmund Randolph1753-1813

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EdmundRandolph.jpeg
Page 6: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

5. Ben Franklin1706-1790

Page 7: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

6. Gouverneur Morris

1752-1816

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gouverneur_Morris_1753.png
Page 8: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

7. Luther Martin1740-1826

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LutherMartinBig.jpg
Page 9: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

8. William Paterson1745 - 1806

Page 10: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

9. Alexander Hamilton

1755-1804

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Alexander_Hamilton_portrait_by_John_Trumbull_1806.jpg
Page 11: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

10. Roger Sherman

1721-1793

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:RogerShermanPortrait.jpg
Page 12: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

11. Oliver Ellsworth

1745-1807

Page 13: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

12. Charles Pinckney

1757-1824

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Charles_Cotesworth_Pinckney.jpg
Page 14: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

13. John Rutledge

1739-1800

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:John_Rutledge.jpg
Page 15: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

NOT THERE!

Thomas Jefferson John Adams

Page 16: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

V. The Conflict over Representation or in other words, how to make a fair Congress

A.Conflict between Big States and Small States

1. Small states were afraid Big states would control the new Congress. Small states wanted equal representation.

a. The New Jersey Plan—Small states wanted

one house where each state had one vote.

2. Big States thought it unfair that small states had so much power. Big states wanted proportional representation.

a. The Virginia Plan—Big states wanted two houses where representation was determined by population..

Page 17: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

B.The Great Compromise (Connecticut Plan)

1. Congress would have two houses. Bills had to pass both houses to become law

a. The House of Representatives (Lower House)

i. Elected by the people

ii. Based on proportional representation

iii. The House of Representatives had sole authority to start tax or spending laws.

Page 18: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

b. The Senate (Upper House)

i. Appointed by the states (then)

ii. Equal representation—two senators for each state

iii. The Senate would confirm all judges and ambassadors and

approve treaties

Page 19: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

VI Passing the Constitution

A. State Conventions

1. Madison’s Plan:

a. Each State had to approve the Constitution by calling a state wide

convention. Madison believed that this would allow the most people to vote on the Constitution. The State

legislatures would not vote on the Constitution

b. 9 out of 13 states had to approve the Constitution before it became

law.

Page 20: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

B. Anti-Federalists vs. Federalists 1787 – 1788

1. Republican Government only works in small communities. Our Nation is too big for it to work.

1. It will work because our leaders have Civic Virtue

2. National Government would

have too much power 2. That Power is necessary. It is controlled by Separation of powers and Checks and balances.

3. The Necessary and Proper Clause and the General Welfare Clause are too broad.

3. Congress has to have this power. It is controlled by Checks and balances

4. There is too much power in the Presidency. It could become a monarchy

4. No it won’t. The presidents power is controlled by checks and balances, impeachment, and civic virtue.

5. There is no Bill of Rights 5. If you list rights, people will think that you only have those rights.

Anti-Federalists Federalists

Page 21: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

VII.Political parties

A. The Framers’ Opinion

1. They believed Political parties or factions were dangerous.

2. Madison believed the Constitution could control Political Parties

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.churchillcounty.org/clerktrs/images/donkeyelephant.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.churchillcounty.org/clerktrs/politicalpty.htm&usg=__dyMeoVAF_CAL3SLcWreAx2FNTaI=&h=251&w=354&sz=10&hl=en&start=1&um=1&tbnid=M7qaWdwQlcbhNM:&tbnh=86&tbnw=121&prev=/images?q%3Dpolitical%2Bparties%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive%26rls%3Dcom.microsoft:en-us:IE-SearchBox%26rlz%3D1I7DMUS_en%26sa%3DN%26um%3D1
http://www.autodogmatic.com/art/21906repubocratssmall.jpg
Page 22: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

B. The Birth of Political parties.

Hamilton (Treasury) Jefferson (State)

http://www.columbia.edu/cu/alumni/Magazine/images/Fall2002/Hamilton.jpg
Page 23: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

1. Wanted a strong National Government

1.Wanted a weak National Government

2. Wanted Industry 2. Wanted farming

3. Wanted to interpret the Constitution loosely

3. Wanted to interpret the Constitution strictly

4. Read the “necessary and Proper” clause to allow for a National Bank

4. Read the “Necessary and Proper “clause to NOT allow a National Bank

5. Supported England 5. Supported France

Hamilton Jefferson

Page 24: IV.The Constitutional Convention May 25, 1787 to Sept. 17, 1787 A. Who attended 1. 55 delegates from 12 states a. all white b. All male c. Average age—42

Hamilton Federalists Hamiltonians

Jefferson Democrat -Republicans Jeffersonians


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