iv. disasters
TRANSCRIPT
DISASTER VS HAZARD EVENT: EARTHQUAKES
San Francisco (1989): 63 victims
Haiti (2010): 250,000 victims
DISASTER VS HAZARD EVENT: TSUNAMI
Japan (2011): 1,800 victims
California (2011): 1 victim
Hurricane Ivan, Caribbean-USA (2010) (cat.5): 100 victims
Cyclone Nargis, Burma (2008) (cat.4): 150,000 victims
DISASTER VS HAZARD EVENT: TROPICAL CYCLONES
Texas (2010): 0 people hungry
Ethiopia (2003): 20M people hungry
DISASTER VS HAZARD EVENT: DROUGHT
Three-Mile Island, USA (1979): no victims
Bhopal, India (1984): 3,000-8,000 victims
DISASTER VS HAZARD EVENT: INDUSTRIAL LEAK
SCALES USED TO MEASURE A HAZARD EVENT
Suggest other factors which can be used to measure the intensity of a disaster
NATURAL
Tôhoku, Japan (2011): M=9.0 during 6 min. (16,000 victims)List likely features for each phase:
1. PRECONDITIONS• Phase 1: everyday life (decades prior)• Phase 2: incubation period (months prior)
2. DISASTER EVENT• Phase 3: triggering of event (seconds)• Phase 4: Impact (minutes)• Phase 5: Secondary damages (hours/days)• Phase 6: Outside emergency aid (days, weeks)
3. RECOVERY/RECONSTRUCTION• Phase 7: cleanup/relief camps (weeks, months)• Phase 8: reconstruction/restoration (years)
HUMAN-INDUCED:
List causes and consequences of the benzene river pollution in China (2005) which affected 4 million people in Northern China and Eastern Russia (region of Harbin, Manchuria)See p.224-225
CAUSE AND IMPACT OF A DISASTER RESULTING FROM A NATURAL OR HUMAN-INDUCED HAZARD
DISASTERS CHANGES OVER SPACE/TIME