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Enterprise Resource Planning And Collaboration Systems

Chapter ten overview

• SECTION 10.1 - ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING– Enterprise Resource Planning– Core and Extended ERP Components– ERP Vendor Overview– ERP Benefits and Risks (Cost)– The Connected Corporation – Integrating SCM, CRM, and ERP– The Future of ERP

• SECTION 10.2 – COLLABORATION SYSTEMS– Teams, Partnerships, and Alliances– Collaboration Systems– Knowledge Management– Knowledge Management Systems– Content Management Systems– Workflow Management Systems– Groupware Systems– Collaboration Trends

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10.1. ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING

• Enterprise resource planning – integrates all departments and functions throughout an organization into a single IT system (or integrated set of IT systems) so that employees can make enterprisewide decisions by viewing enterprisewide information on all business operations

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CORE AND EXTENDED ERP COMPONENTS

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ERP vendor overview

• SAP boasts 20,000 installations and 10 million users worldwide

• ERP solutions are growing because:

– ERP is a logical solution to the mess of incompatible applications that had sprung up in most businesses

– ERP addresses the need for global information sharing and reporting

– ERP is used to avoid the pain and expense of fixing legacy systems

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ERP VENDOR OVERVIEW

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Erp software

• Successful ERP projects share 3 attributes

1. Overall fit

• Off the rack

• Off the rack and tailored to fit

• Custom made

2. Proper business analysis

• Successful companies spend up to 10 percent of the project budget on a business analysis

3. Solid implementation plans

• A plan is needed to monitor the quality, objectives, and timelines

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ERP benefits and risks

• Common ERP benefits

1. Integrate financial information

2. Integrate customer order information

3. Standardize and speed up manufacturing processes

4. Reduce inventory

5. Standardize human resource information

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Erp benefits and risks

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The connected corporation

• SCM, CRM, and ERP are the backbone of e-business

• Integration of these applications is the key to success for many companies

• Integration allows the unlocking of information to make it available to any user, anywhere, anytime

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The connected corporation

• At the heart of all ERP systems is a database, when a user enters or updates information in one module, it is immediately and automatically updated throughout the entire system

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The connected corporation

• ERP systems automate business processes

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The future of erp

• Lines between SCM, CRM, and ERP will continue to blur

– Internet – continue to help organizations integrate data and process across functional departments

– Interface – customizable employee browsers

– Wireless technology – support a mobile workforce

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10.2. COLLABORATION SYSTEMS

• Organizations create and use teams, partnerships, and alliances to:– Undertake new initiatives– Address both minor and major problems– Capitalize on significant opportunities

• Organizations create teams, partnerships, and alliances both internally with employees and externally with other organizations

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Teams, partnerships, and alliances

• Collaboration system – supports the work of teams by facilitating the sharing and flow of information

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Teams, partnerships, and alliances

• Organizations form alliances and partnerships with other organizations based on their core competency– Core competency – an organization’s key strength, a business function

that it does better than any of its competitors– Core competency strategy – organization chooses to focus specifically

on its core competency and forms partnerships with other organizations to handle nonstrategic business processes

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Teams, partnerships, and alliances

• Information technology can make a business partnership easier to establish and manage

– Information partnership – occurs when two or more organizations cooperate by integrating their IT systems, thereby providing customers with the best of what each can offer

• The Internet has dramatically increased the ease and availability for IT-enabled organizational alliances and partnerships

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Collaboration systems

• Collaboration solves specific business tasks such as telecommuting, online meetings, deploying applications, and remote project and sales management

• Collaboration system – an IT-based set of tools that supportsthe work of teams by facilitating the sharing and flow of information

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Collaboration systems

• Two categories of collaboration

1. Unstructured collaboration (information collaboration) - includes document exchange, shared whiteboards, discussion forums, and e-mail

2. Structured collaboration (process collaboration) - involves shared participation in business processes such as workflow in which knowledge is hardcoded as rules

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Collaboration systems

• Collaborative business functions

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Collaboration systems

• Collaboration systems include:

– Knowledge management systems

– Content management systems

– Workflow management systems

– Groupware systems

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Knowledge management

• Knowledge management (KM) – involves capturing, classifying, evaluating, retrieving, and sharing information assets in a way that provides context for effective decisions and actions

• Knowledge management system (KMS) – supports the capturing and use of an organization’s “know-how”

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Explicit and tacit knowledge

• Intellectual and knowledge-based assets fall into two categories

1. Explicit knowledge – consists of anything that can be documented, archived, and codified, often with the help of IT

2. Tacit knowledge - knowledge contained in people’s heads

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Explicit and tacit knowledge

• The following are two best practices for transferring or recreating tacit knowledge

– Shadowing – less experienced staff observe more experienced staff to learn how their more experienced counterparts approach their work

– Joint problem solving – a novice and expert work together on a project

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KM Technologies

• Knowledge management systems include:

– Knowledge repositories (databases)

– Expertise tools

– E-learning applications

– Discussion and chat technologies

– Search and data mining tools

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Content management systems

• Content management system (CMS) – provides tools to manage the creation, storage, editing, and publication of information in a collaborative environment

• CMS marketplace includes:– Document management system (DMS)– Digital asset management system (DAM)– Web content management system (WCM)

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Workflow management systems

• Work activities can be performed in series or in parallel that involves people and automated computer systems

• Workflow – defines all the steps or business rules, from beginning to end, required for a business process

• Workflow management system – facilitates the automation and management of business processes and controls the movement of work through the business process

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Workflow management systems

• Messaging-based workflow system – sends work assignments through an e-mail system

• Database-based workflow system – stores documents in a central location and automatically asks the team members to access the document when it is their turn to edit the document

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WorkFlow Management

Process 1Mottagning

Process 3Kalkylering

Process 4Fakturering

Process 5Varuplock

Process 6Leverans

Internet Excel Fakturerings-program

Lager-system

Tull-system

Process 2Avvisa Wordmall

Ej OK

Ett övervakande system som ser till att ett inkommande ärende passerar vissa personer/processeroch att fördefinierade program automatiskt startas på deras PC

I systemet finns också regler inbyggda

Ger Säkerhet, kontroll och överblick

ÄRENDE

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Groupware systems

• Groupware technologies

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Groupware systems

• Groupware – software that supports team interaction and dynamics including calendaring, scheduling, and videoconferencing