Introduction to Drawing( ITD – ARC30103 )

Lim Joe Onn Jaclyn Hwang Jeff Ong Natalie Ki Pang Khai Shuen

Structural Engineering

Drawings

WHAT ARE STRUCTURALENGINEERIN

G DRAWINGS?

Introduction A type of technical drawing that

shows details and information such as…

Definition:

RoofsFoundations Beams

Applies Math and Science concepts to design structures, resulting in stability and sustainability of the structure.

To archive the geometric form of the design. To communicate ideas between designers and

manufacturing personnel. To act as an analysing tool. To stimulate the design. To serve as a completing checker. To support large number of perspective

references.

Importance

Thank You

Steps involved in producing Engineering Drawings

Steps: 1. Architect comes out with building layout.

2. The structural engineer fits the structure to the architecture, and decides on what structural systems to use.

3. A general layout is developed.

-Structural type-Selection of material-Estimation of cost

4. The loads are investigated and calculated.

-Maximum capacity of loads-Specifications and codes

3. Stress Analysis

4. Selection of elements

5. Drawing, Detailing and Specification of Jobs

6. Approval of architect.7. Submit to authorities for approval.

8. Proceed to construction.9. Amendments of construction

drawings.10.As-built drawings drawn.11.Certificate of Completion and

Compliance awarded.

Elements in Engineering Drawings

Lines

ScalesEngineering Drawings are always to scale.

1:1001:501:251:101:5

Most Common Scales:

DimensionsFactors to take into consideration:method and line type that is used for dimensioning.

The linear dimension would be the overall, auxiliary depiction and the second form of dimensioning would be the diameter and radii of the structure.

A mixture of the two would depict the position of ‘The Hole’ in an engineering drawing.

- Shows the builder and others the required size for every parts of the building.

- Unbroken lines.

- 2 mm away from the object being dimensioned.

2-Dimensional (2D)There are multiple types of 2D Drawing Types in Structural Engineering.

- Plan: ‘Top View’, ‘Floor Plan’ & ‘Roof Plan’

- Sections: ‘Cross-Section’ & ‘Longitudinal Section’

- Elevations:‘Front Elevation’, ‘Right Elevation’, ‘Left Elevation’ and ‘Rear Elevation’

3-Dimensional (3D)3-Dimensional engineering drawings are also known as ‘Production Drawings’

The 3-Dimensional (3D) Drawing Types:

- Orthogonal Projections- Pictorial Drawing: Isometric & Oblique- ‘’Working Drawings’’

Projectionof Engineering

Drawings

Orthographic Projection

Orthographic projection drawings are used to describe buildings, structures or objects pictorially.

Showed through first and third angle projection.

Graphical Projection

Graphical Projection drawings have two different types:

1) Perspective projection2) Parallel projection

Types of Projections

AxonometricIsometricDiametricTrimetricOblique

Hatchings for Materials

Usually used in sectional views.

To show the materials of the structure cut by the section plane.

Thank You Thank you.

• B.S. 1192 : Part 1,2,3,4,5 Construction Drawing Practice• Construction Unit (1998), Computer-Aided Design using MicroStation 95, Industrial

Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University.• Dennis Neeley (1996), CAD and the Practise of Architecture, New York, N.Y.: J. Wiley• Earle James H., (1991), Drafting Technology, Addison-Wesley• Elsheikh Ahmed (1995), An Introduction to Drawing for Civil Engineers, McGraw-Hill• Jude D.V., (1983), Civil Engineering Drawing London ; New York : Granada• Muller Edward J (1996). Reading Architectural Working Drawing , Prentice Hall• Pickup F. & Parker M. A. (1970) Engineering Drawing with Worked Example London :

Hutchinson.• Ratensky A. (1983), Drawing and Model making, Whitney Library of Design• Thompson Arthur, (1993). An Introduction to Construction Drawing, London : E.

Arnold.• ‘’ Engineering Drawings – Sixth Edition’’ by A.W Boundy (604.2)• ‘’Introduction to Engineering Drawing – Second Edition’’ by Warren J. Luzadder & Jon

M. Duff ( 604.2)

Guarantee at least 70% referencing from books!

References