italy, 500 bc. first king of rome- romulus romulus is the mythic founder of rome dies in 714 bc...
TRANSCRIPT
First King of Rome- Romulus
• Romulus is the mythic founder of Rome
• Dies in 714 BC• Period of interregnum
Second King of Rome- Numa Pompilius
• Rules 714-673 BC• Sabine• Known for piety, wisdom• Made peace with neighbors• temple of Janus• Calendar reforms• Religious reforms
Third King of Rome- Tullus Hostilius
• Rules 673-641• Military focus• Makes war with Alba Longa• Built Curia Hostilia
Fourth King of Rome- Ancus Marcius
• Rules 641-616 BC• Grandson of Numa• Restored religious observances• Separated religious/military
obligations for kings• Built port of Ostia
Fifth King of Rome- Lucius Tarquinius Priscus
• Rules 616-579 BC• Wealthy Etruscan who moved to
Rome• Married Tanaquil• Campaigns for the throne as
Ancus is dying• Doubles number of senators• Created Circus Maximus
Lucius Tarquinius Priscus cont.
• Adopts Servius Tullius as a son because of miraculous sign
• The sons of Ancus make an assassination attempt
• Sevius takes command as a temporary king
• Sons of Ancus flee• Tarquinius Priscus dies
Sixth King of Rome- Servius Tullius
• Rules 578-535• Born a slave, adopted by Tarquinius
Priscus• Reforms class structure based off how
much armor/weapons a man could afford
• Poor relieved of military burden• Allotted more political power to
wealthy
Servius Tullius cont.
• Tarquinius Priscus had 2 legitimate sons: Tarquin (older) and Arnus (younger)
• Servius Tullius had 2 daughters: Tullia (older) and Tullia (younger)
• Tarquin marries Tullia the Older• Arnus marries Tullia the Younger• Tullia the Younger and Tarquin
conspire, kill their spouses, marry each other, kill Servius Tullius
Seventh King of Rome- Tarquinius Superbus
• Rules 534-509• Killed the supporters of Servius
Tullius• Forced-labor building projects:
–Temple of Jupiter–Cloaca Maxima
• Engages in more wars
The Fall of the Kingdom and Birth of the Republic
• Son of Tarquinius Superbus, Sextus, and Collatinus get into argument over whose wife is better
• Sextus’ wife was at a party, Collatinus’ wife, Lucretia, was at home working
• Sextus rapes Lucretia• Lucretia calls together her
husband, father, and brother, then commits suicide
• People of Rome rise against the Tarquins