it can improve the productivity of travel and tourism operation

Information Technology Can Improve The Productivity Of Travel And Trousim

Operations

Project Submitted By

RESEARCH PROJECT

Abdullah Zaheer Baig

ContentsSummary:...................................................................................................................................5

CHAPTER # 1................................................................................................................................6

Introduction:..................................................................................................................................6

Introduction to Tourism:..............................................................................................................6

Introduction to Information technology:......................................................................................6

(IT) can improve the productivity of Travel and Tourism operations.........................................6

Aims and Objectives:...................................................................................................................6

CHAPTER # 2................................................................................................................................7

Research Background:..................................................................................................................7

Travel and Tourism Operation.................................................................................................7

Explain:........................................................................................................................................7

History:.........................................................................................................................................8

Factorization:...............................................................................................................................9

Information Technology:...........................................................................................................9

Explain:........................................................................................................................................9

History:.......................................................................................................................................10

Factorization:.............................................................................................................................11

Hypothesis:...............................................................................................................................13

CHAPTER # 3..............................................................................................................................14

Research Design:..........................................................................................................................14

Sample Target Population:.........................................................................................................14

Sample Size:...............................................................................................................................14

Sampling Technique:.................................................................................................................14

Data Collection Methodology:...................................................................................................14

Demographic factors:.................................................................................................................14

Sample Questionnaire:...............................................................................................................14

CHAPTER # 4..............................................................................................................................17

Operationalization:......................................................................................................................17

CHAPTER # 5..............................................................................................................................20

Data Analysis:..............................................................................................................................20

Gender:.......................................................................................................................................20

2

Age Group:.................................................................................................................................21

CHAPTER # 6..............................................................................................................................27

Conclusion:...................................................................................................................................27

Chapter # 7...................................................................................................................................28

Recommendation:......................................................................................................................28

Limitation:..................................................................................................................................28

3

Summary:

This chapter included the summary, findings, results, conclusions and recommendation. The topic of the research study was “Information technology can improve the productivity of travel and tourism operation”.

In this research questionnaire has been developed to collect data for the research study. The sample of the study was based on fifty-nine respondents. In first chapter introduction, aims and objectives were stated. In second chapter researcher explain independent variable (travel and tourism) and dependent variable (information technology), their history and factors. In chapter 3, researchers describe the methodology used and demographic factors to collect the data. In chapter 4, researchers show the collection of data. In chapter 5, the data has been analyzed after data has analyzed researchers show them in tables and graphs. In chapter 6, researchers gave conclusion recommendation and limitations of this research study.

4

CHAPTER # 1

Introduction:

Introduction to Tourism:Tourism is the act of travel for predominantly recreational or leisure purposes, and also refers to the provision of services in support of this act. According to the World Tourism Organization, tourists are people who "travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment.

Introduction to Information technology:

Transfer of information through technology is called information technology.(IT) is the application of computers and telecommunications equipment to store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate data,

(IT) can improve the productivity of Travel and Tourism operations

Travel technology includes many processes such as dynamic packaging which provide useful new options for consumers. Today the tour guide can be a GPS tour guide, and the Guide Book could be an Audio Guide, Pod guide or I-Tours, such as City audio guide. The Biometric passport may also be included as travel technology in the broad sense.

Aims and Objectives:

Our aim is to make tourism more comfortable for tourists. We are introducing dynamic packaging soon in Pakistan. We are going to promote tourism industry in Pakistan. Our government made an organization regarding to this industry recently, this will help tourism industry to grow. Our objective is to make this industry more reliable and profitable.

5

CHAPTER # 2

Research Background:

Travel and Tourism Operation

Explain:

Early travel was essentially to seek food and water. Travel was also held for trade. Later on romans shape the modern travel.

Tourism is one of the world's fastest growing industries. Tourism provides many benefits and helps to generate community support and involvement. It also creates opportunities for employment in the service sector of the economy, associated with tourism.

The word tourism is derived from the French word ‘Turisme’, means to tour and travel. Tourism is basically traveling to another destination for the purpose of leisure or business. According to “World Travel and Tourism Organization” tourists are people who travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment.

Tourism is a service-based industry combination of tangible and intangible components. The tangible elements include transport, foods and beverages and tours while the intangible elements involve adventure, ecotourism, education, culture and relaxation. Tourism is of many types:

Medical tourism

Business tourism

Education Tourism etc.

There are many beautiful spots in Pakistan. There are hill stations and many historical buildings. In Pakistan there is everything a tourist dream of such as old mountains, historical places and spots of unique beauty. Other facilities and services are also provided to tourists such as hotels, transportation, guidance and information.In Pakistan tourism goes to its peak in 1970s when the country received unprecedented amounts of foreign tourists. The main destinations of these tourists were the Khyber Pass, Peshawar, Karachi, Lahore, Swat and Rawalpindi. The government of Pakistan has made an organization to give facility to the tourists called PTDC Pakistan Tourism Development Corporation; this corporation is providing tourist information, facilitation and publications to tourists through 18 tourist information centers within the country

6

located in Lahore, Peshawar, Islamabad, Quetta and many other cities. The main objective of PTDC is to build information centers for tourists to attract international and domestic tourists, to produce publicity and promotional material, to develop interest of community in travel and tourism.

Tourism and its development in Pakistan has many advantages, first Pakistan is a developing country and needs foreign exchange for planning and developing projects. Promotion of tourism can help in this matter. Secondly tourism expands the hotel industry in the country, due to which many people will get employment and our country will increase national incomes. Lastly tourists are the non-official ambassadors of a country. They help to bring two or more countries together. The development of tourism means the development of good relation between two or more countries. The tourism industry has brought the entire world closer, now it has become a global village.

History:

Since the very beginning people have been traveling all over the world. Men like Columbus, marcopolo, ibn-e-batuta and sa’adi are well known for their wander thirst. Some went to the world in search of knowledge some for pleasure, with the passage of time traveling was transformed into tourism and now tourism has developed into an industry.Thomas cook was the founder and father of tourism. He travel 22 km with 570 members in a train in 1841. He organized first inclusive tour to Paris in 1855.

In Pakistan tourism was started when the Pakistan came in existence dated 14 th august 1947. Thanks to its diverse cultures, beautiful landscape, and interesting attractions, Pakistan draws more people than ever. In 2007, the Prime Minister launched the “Visit Pakistan” marketing campaign to promote the country’s unique cultural heritage. In 2009, The World Economic Forum’s Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report ranked Pakistan as one of the top 25% tourist destinations for its World Heritage Sites.

The most visited places in Pakistan are

Murree

Gilgit valley

Sawat valley

Kashmir

Muzaffarabad

Nellum valley

And many other places like Mohenjo-daro are visited by the tourists during 1980 to 2007.

7

In 1966, 77842 tourists visited our country and our country earned 11 lac rupees as foreign exchange. These numbers has increased much more now. Annual tourist arrivals averaged 442,136 for the period 1985-89 but fell to 284,779 in 1990 because of uncertainties generated from the Persian Gulf War. The number of tourist arrivals rose to 415,529 in 1991. Pakistan earned 16 billion rupees (approximately $200 million US) from 800,000 visitors in 2007. Less than 400,000 tourists came in 2008, bringing in only 8 billion rupees.

Factorization:

There are some factors that influence the travel and tourism operation. These are as followUnfavorable Political Conditions:Pakistan has been one of the favorite places for tourists but now the situation has been completely changed. The reason is its unfavorable political conditions. People think that it is an unsafe place after the assassination of popular political figures like Benazir Bhutto and Salman Taseer.

Changing Weather:Global warming and pollution has caused to change the climate and weather conditions of Pakistan. The northern areas and snowy mountains have started losing their beauty. So tourists are now attracted towards places having good weather and proper tourism facilities.

Lack of Proper Infrastructure:Infrastructure in Pakistan is a great cause of the failure of profitable tourism industry. There are no proper roads, railway tracks and other transportation services. So tourists find it difficult to visit different places in Pakistan.

Terrorism:Pakistan has become an unsafe place due to ever-increasing terrorist attacks. This is another major factor that is not only damaging the repute of Pakistan in the world but also causing its tourism industry to decline. Terrorism affects tourism as people are not coming from the rest of the world.

Some more factors are also present which are as follow:Natural disastersCost of travel and the recessionsWarning Health

8

Information Technology:

Explain:

Transfer of information through technology is stands for "Information Technology," and is pronounced "I.T." It refers to anything related to computing technology, such as networking, hardware, software, the Internet, or the people that work with these technologies. Many companies now have IT departments for managing the computers, networks, and other technical areas of their businesses. Since we live in the "Technology age," information technology has become a part of our everyday lives.Technology is become an important part of our lives, as we see around us, we are actually surrounded with technology. For example, we use telephone to contact with our love ones, we use fax machines to send hard copy from one place to other place, now-a-day's digital watches are available with different functions, invention of internet has its own place in the world of technology and computer technology is a big example of information technology.There are four generations of computer technology. The first was the era of vacuum tubes and punch cards like the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer). Rotating magnetic drums were used for internal storage. The second generation replaced vacuum tubes with transistors, punch cards were replaced with magnetic tape, and rotating magnetic drums were replaced by magnetic cores for internal storage. The third generation replaced transistors with integrated circuits, magnetic tape was used throughout all computers, and magnetic core turned into metal oxide semiconductors. The fourth and latest generation brought in CPUs (central processing units) control circuits all on a single chip. The personal computer was developed (Apple II). The graphical user interface (GUI) was developed.There are some variables of information technology that help tourism in a better way, those are dynamic packages, virtual tourism, tour guide and many more applications are available. IT has revolutionized the travel and tourism industry. The tourism industry have widely adopted information technology to reduce costs and enhance the operation efficiency and most important to improve service quality and customer experience. Most of the hotels and restaurant use technology to enhance their operation. Information technology gives positive impact on travel and tourism operation.

History:

If we talk about the history of information technology then a giant calculator is the first invention. The first use of computerized accounting system was in 1954. With the time new technologies were introduced. For example, the revolution in information technology was the invention of the computer. During the period of 1954-1960 there are very few people who know to operate the computer.Information technology is too old because primitive people also communicate with each other through technology. There are 4 main ages that divide up the history of information technology:1)Pre-Mechanical2)Mechanical

9

3)Electromechanical4)Electronic

1. Pre-Mechanical: This is the earliest stage of IT. This era Begins from 3000 B.C and ends at 1450 A.D. People communicate with each oth

2. er by simply drawing/carving in the rocks. Then advancement came and people started writing in wet clay. Also during this period the first numbering system were introduced. Around 100 A.D the first 1-9 system was created by people of India. And yes now that numbers were created, people wanted stuff to do with them so they created calculators.

2) Mechanical: The mechanical age can be defined as the time between 1450 and 1840. A lot of new technologies are developed in this era. Technologies like the slide rule (an analog computer used for multiplying and dividing) were invented. Blaise Pascal invented the Pascaline which was a very popular mechanical computer. Charles Babbage developed the difference engines. If you look at the size of the machines invented in this time compared to the power behind them it absolutely confuse to understand why anybody would want to use them, but to those people living in that time all of the inventions were huge.

3) Electromechanical: This era is defined as the age between 1840-1940. These were the beginnings of the telecommunication age. Telegraph was intentioned in the early 1800s and the telephone was created by Graham Bell in 1876. The first radio developed by Marconi in 1894.The first computer was created by the students of Harvard University around 1940.This computer was 8ft high,50ft long, 2ft wide, and weighed 5 tons.

4) Electronic: This is the time period from 1940 to onwards. First High speed computer-digital "ENIAC" was also created in this period. This computer was designed to be used by the U.S. Army. This is the Fourth Generations of computer technology. Time by time new generation replaced its big instruments to small instruments. Different computer languages were also created like BASIC, COBAL & PASCAL etc. The last (fourth) generation developed a CPU (Central Processing Unit).

Factorization:

There are different factors that facilitate and effect information technology. These are as follow: Human factor: Individuals plays an important role in technology adoption process. A technology is not successful if its user does not accept it. Lack of user acceptance is one of the important factors in the success of new technology.

Social factor: Society is the one of the great barrier in the adoption of any technology. We live in the age of great technology changes are held, and then it is the basic need of society to accept the technology and adopt it.

Organizational structure factor: An organization's structure is considered an important factor in technology adoption. An appropriate structure is necessary for adoption of technology. More

10

over the interaction and cooperation among members of an organization is also necessary for success of any new technology.

Governmental factor: The role of government in the implementation of a technology is very important. Government policies about taxes, other rules and regulation with regards to a particular technology play an important role in adoption and rejection of any technology.

Economic factor: The economic issue also has a great effect on the use of a technology. In middle income countries like Pakistan, the funds are not sufficient to buy expensive technology. These countries mostly rely on the donation of technologies.

The factors that may facilitate or effect the adoption of new technology are needed to be scanned before the implementing any new technology. IT highly influenced by a complex and dynamic interaction of these social, political, economic and organizational factors. There are some applications of information technology

Internet

Tour guide

Virtual Tourism

Dynamic Packages

11

Hypothesis:

H-1

Online booking facilitates the tourists for reservation.

H-2

Dynamic Packages allow tourists to develop their own journey plan.

H-3

Internet plays an important role in promoting tourists places.

H-4

Virtual tourism helps tourists to gain information about the place in form of videos or audios.

H-5

Tour guide provide tourists to visit various places without any physical guide help.

12

CHAPTER # 3

Research Design:

Sample Target Population:This sampling was collected from different sources such as employees of hotels, restaurants, travel agencies and tourists.

Sample Size:59 respondents, with 5% supposed error.

Sampling Technique:Researchers used simple random sampling technique to collect data.

Data Collection Methodology:Surveys techniques are used and questionnaire are floated and collected in Lahore from different restaurants, hotels and travel agencies.

Demographic factors:Gender: male=1 female=2

Age: 15-25=1 26-35=2 36-45=3 46 & above=4

Experience: 1-5 years=1 6-10 years=2 11-above years=3

Sample Questionnaire:Tick the number regarding to these options

1= strongly disagree 2=disagree 3=neutral 4=agree 5=strongly agree

Online booking:

1. Can a hotel run without online reservation? 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

2. Do you think online booking supports booking process?1, 2, 3,

4, 5

13

3. Do you think it is worthy to advertise your property through online booking? 1, 2, 3,

4, 5

4. Online reservation is a confidential source to send information about reservation? 1, 2, 3,

4, 5

5. Online reservation is a cheap and easy way to reserve an accommodation? 1, 2, 3,

4, 5

Dynamic Packages:

1. Do you think most of the tourists use dynamic packages for their journey?1, 2, 3,

4, 5

2. With dynamic packaging technology, travelers can build customized trips?1, 2, 3,

4, 5

3. Dynamically packaged holidays are cheaper than traditional package holidays? 1, 2, 3,

4, 5

4. Dynamic packaging allows more flexibility for the holidaymaker to put together their own unique holiday? 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Internet:

1. Do you think internet is the major source of getting information about a tourist place? 1, 2, 3,

4, 5

2. Social media has become a crucial tool for tourism marketers?1, 2, 3,

4, 5

3. Websites are the easiest way to find where we want to be & what we want? 1, 2, 3,

4, 5

14

4. Blogs and Webpages are the best way to know about the guest experience? 1, 2, 3,

4, 5

5. In most cases, tourist research for the place before booking an accommodation? 1, 2, 3,

4, 5

Virtual Tourism:

1. Is virtual tourism give information for the tourists about the destination? 1, 2, 3,

4, 5

2. Do you think virtual tourism has an affective impact on today’s tourism? 1, 2, 3,

4, 5

3. Video tour is supposed to be more beneficial than image tour in tourism? 1, 2, 3,

4, 5

4. Is magazine a good source of virtual tourism? 1, 2, 3,

4, 5

5. Arial photography is not thought to be good tour?1, 2, 3,

4, 5

Tour Guide:

1. Do you think that modern technology has changed the way of tourism? 1, 2, 3,

4, 5

2. Tour guide can play an important role in promoting travel? 1, 2, 3,

4, 5

3. A professional tour guide is necessary in one’s tour? 1, 2, 3,

4, 5

15

4. Is tour guide useful? Then it should be at every tourist place? 1, 2, 3,

4, 5

5. Audio tour guide is more effective than human tour guide? 1, 2, 3,

4, 5

16

Title: Information Technology Can Improve The Productivity Of Travel And Tourism Operation

R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 R15 R16 R17Online bookingOnline reservation 1 3 1 3 5 4 5 1 2 2 1 4 3 3 1 1 5Supports booking 4 4 5 2 4 3 4 5 4 4 5 4 4 5 2 2 1Property Advertise 5 4 4 2 3 4 3 4 3 4 5 4 5 1 4 3 5Confidential source 5 1 5 4 2 2 2 5 4 3 5 4 1 5 4 4 5Cheap way 4 2 5 4 4 2 1 5 4 4 5 4 5 3 5 5 2Dynamic packagesUseable 2 5 4 3 3 4 2 3 3 3 5 2 2 4 2 1 4Customized Trips 2 2 4 3 3 4 3 4 4 3 5 5 5 2 5 2 4Traditional holidays 3 4 3 4 4 4 4 2 3 3 5 2 3 5 5 1 3Package flexibility 4 4 3 4 4 5 3 4 3 3 5 4 1 3 5 5 3InternetSource of info 5 5 5 3 5 5 3 3 4 4 5 1 1 1 4 1 5Crucial Tool 4 4 5 3 5 3 2 4 3 3 5 5 5 5 4 2 5Decision Helper 4 4 5 2 3 4 4 2 5 4 5 3 5 5 4 4 5Guests experiences 3 4 3 4 2 3 3 5 4 3 5 4 3 2 4 3 5Search of Place 1 4 3 4 4 4 5 3 5 3 5 5 3 3 5 2 3Virtual tourismInfo of Destination 4 4 4 2 4 4 5 1 3 4 3 4 1 5 3 3 2Impact on tourism 4 4 4 4 3 3 5 2 4 3 3 1 5 3 4 3 5Benefits 3 2 4 5 2 4 3 3 3 4 5 3 3 3 3 1 1Advertising source 4 2 5 3 3 4 2 4 4 4 3 5 4 5 5 4 1Panoramic view 4 4 1 4 3 2 2 5 3 3 1 4 3 4 3 4 3Tour guideModren technology 4 4 5 4 2 5 4 5 4 5 5 1 2 2 2 1 5Promotion of travel 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 4 4 5 5 5 2 3 3 2 5Professional Guide 3 1 3 4 4 4 4 3 5 3 4 3 5 3 5 4 3Useful 4 2 3 3 3 4 4 2 4 3 4 4 5 5 5 3 3Audio guide 3 1 4 2 2 1 5 1 2 3 1 5 1 3 3 3 4Gender 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Age 2 2 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 1 3Experience 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2

CHAPTER # 4

Operationalization:


R18 R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28 R29 R30 R31 R32 R33 R34 R35 R36 R37 R38

3 1 1 2 2 3 4 1 4 4 2 1 2 2 2 4 2 4 1 3 25 5 5 5 3 4 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 2 45 5 5 5 2 4 5 5 4 5 4 1 5 5 5 4 2 4 4 2 44 4 5 4 1 4 4 5 4 5 3 3 4 4 5 3 3 5 4 2 45 4 5 4 2 5 2 3 4 5 3 2 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 2 4

4 5 5 5 2 3 4 3 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 45 5 5 4 2 4 3 4 5 3 4 5 4 4 5 4 4 5 4 4 14 1 5 5 2 5 3 2 5 2 3 3 4 5 5 5 4 5 4 3 44 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 5 5 5 5 3 5 3 3 2

5 5 5 4 2 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 43 5 4 4 2 3 5 5 4 4 3 3 4 5 5 4 4 5 4 5 35 5 5 4 2 4 5 5 5 4 4 5 4 5 5 2 5 5 3 3 44 5 5 4 2 3 5 4 2 5 2 5 4 5 5 5 3 5 4 4 45 5 5 4 2 4 4 4 3 3 4 3 5 5 5 4 3 5 3 3 4

5 3 5 4 1 5 4 5 4 4 3 5 5 4 5 4 3 5 5 5 35 3 5 5 2 5 4 5 4 3 3 4 4 4 5 4 4 5 5 5 35 4 5 4 3 5 3 5 4 4 4 3 4 4 5 5 5 5 4 4 34 4 5 4 4 5 4 4 4 3 3 5 3 3 3 3 4 5 4 4 43 3 1 4 5 5 3 1 4 4 4 4 3 3 2 3 3 1 3 3 4

5 5 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 4 4 43 5 5 4 4 3 5 4 5 3 4 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 44 5 5 4 3 4 5 5 5 3 5 5 4 4 5 4 4 5 4 4 45 4 3 4 2 3 4 4 4 2 4 5 4 4 5 3 4 5 4 4 43 3 3 4 1 5 3 4 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 4 4 3

1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 22 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 3 1 3 4 4 3 22 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 3 3 3 3 2

18


R39

R40

R41

R42

R43

R44

R45

R46

R47

R48

R49

R50

R51

R52

R53

R54

R55

R56

R57

R58

R59

3 5 5 1 4 1 4 2 4 4 3 3 5 3 1 4 2 4 2 5 22 4 4 4 4 5 5 1 1 3 2 2 4 3 4 4 5 5 3 4 24 1 3 3 4 4 3 3 5 4 2 4 3 3 4 4 2 5 1 3 32 1 2 3 5 5 3 2 1 2 2 2 2 4 4 3 5 5 2 2 44 2 5 4 5 5 2 4 2 3 2 4 5 2 5 2 5 5 2 1 5

4 1 3 4 3 3 3 4 3 5 4 4 3 2 4 2 5 4 3 1 34 5 4 4 2 4 3 4 4 5 4 4 4 2 4 2 5 5 2 2 54 2 5 3 3 2 3 4 4 5 3 4 5 2 5 4 4 3 2 3 34 2 5 3 3 4 3 4 5 5 3 4 5 2 4 4 5 3 2 5 5

5 1 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 2 5 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 1 3 41 2 2 4 4 4 5 5 5 3 5 1 2 3 5 4 4 3 1 3 55 2 5 4 5 5 5 4 5 4 3 5 5 4 5 4 5 4 4 3 44 1 5 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 2 2 5 5 4 4 3 55 1 5 3 5 4 5 3 4 4 3 5 5 5 5 4 4 5 4 3 4

4 1 3 3 4 4 5 3 3 4 5 4 3 4 4 5 3 3 4 2 44 2 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 4 5 3 2 32 1 4 3 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 2 4 4 3 4 5 5 2 2 54 2 4 2 4 4 3 4 2 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 5 4 3 2 44 5 4 3 4 3 2 4 3 4 3 4 4 4 4 2 3 3 4 2 3

4 1 4 4 4 5 5 3 4 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 3 4 14 3 4 4 5 5 4 4 3 2 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 5 2 4 25 1 4 4 5 4 3 2 2 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 5 3 4 4 34 1 4 3 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 5 4 4 4 4 42 5 1 2 4 2 1 4 2 5 4 2 1 2 1 2 4 3 4 4 52 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 23 1 2 3 3 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 1 1 1 2 3 1 11 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 2 2 3 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 3 1 1

19

CHAPTER # 5

Data Analysis:

Gender:

20

Male 44Female 15

In this research data was collected from 44 male respondents and 15 female respondents.

In this research 77% respondents are male,

And 23% respondents are female.

31%

42%

24%3%

Age Group

1825142

Age Group:

21

Age Group Persons15-25 18

26-35 2536-45 1446& Above 2

1. In this research 16 respondents belongs to age group 15-252. In this research 25 respondents belongs to age group 26-353. In this research 16 respondents belongs to age group 36-454. In this research 16 respondents belongs to age group 46 &

Above

31%

42%

24%3%

Age Group

1825142

22

Mean Median ModeOnline Reservation 3 3 1Supports Booking 4 4 5Property Advertise 4 4 4Confidential Source 3 4 4Cheap Way 4 4 5Useable 4 4 4Customized Trips 4 4 4Traditional Holidays 4 4 3Package Flexibility 4 4 4Source Of Info 4 5 5Crucial Tool 4 4 5Decision Helper 4 4 5Guests Experiences 4 4 4Search Of Place 4 4 5Info Of Destination 4 4 4Impact On Tourism 4 4 4Benefits 4 4 4Advertising Source 4 4 4Panoramic View 3 3 4Modern Technology 4 4 5Promotion Of Travel 4 4 4Professional Guide 4 4 4Useful 4 4 4Audio Guide 3 2 2

Mean % Median% Mode%Online Booking 72% 76% 76%Dynamic packages 80% 80% 75%Internet 80% 84% 96%

Virtual tourism 76% 76% 80%Tour guide 76% 72% 0%

Online Booking Dynamic pakages Internet Virtual tourism Tour guide66%

68%

70%

72%

74%

76%

78%

80%

Mean %

Online Rese

rvation

Supports Bookin

g

Property Adve

rtise

Confidential Source

Cheap Way

Useable

Customize

d Trips

Traditional Holid

ays

Package Flexib

ility

Source O

f Info

Crucial T

ool

Decision Helper

Guests Exp

erience

s

Search O

f Place

Info Of D

estination

Impact

On Tourism

Benefits

Adverti

sing Source

Panoramic View

Modern Technology

Promotion Of T

ravel

Professional G

uideUse

ful

Audio Guide

0

1

2

3

4

5

3

4 4

3

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

3

4 4 4 4

3

Mean

24


66%

68%

70%

72%

74%

76%

78%

80%

82%

84%

76%

80%

84%

76%

72%

Median%

Online Rese

rvation

Supports Bookin

g

Property Adve

rtise

Confidential Source

Cheap Way

Useable

Customize

d Trips

Traditional Holid

ays

Package Flexib

ility

Source O

f Info

Crucial T

ool

Decision Helper

Guests Exp

erience

s

Search O

f Place

Info Of D

estination

Impact

On Tourism

Benefits

Adverti

sing Source

Panoramic View

Modern Technology

Promotion Of T

ravel

Professional G

uideUse

ful

Audio Guide

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

3

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

5

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

3

4 4 4 4

2

Median

25


10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

76% 75%

96%

80%76%

Mode%

Online Rese

rvation

Supports Bookin

g

Property Adve

rtise

Confidential Source

Cheap Way

Useable

Customize

d Trips

Traditional Holid

ays

Package Flexib

ility

Source O

f Info

Crucial T

ool

Decision Helper

Guests Exp

erience

s

Search O

f Place

Info Of D

estination

Impact

On Tourism

Benefits

Adverti

sing Source

Panoramic View

Modern Technology

Promotion Of T

ravel

Professional G

uideUse

ful

Audio Guide

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

1

5

4 4

5

4 4

3

4

5 5 5

4

5

4 4 4 4 4

5

4 4 4

2

Mode

Online Booking:

According to respondents a hotel may be or may not be run with online reservations. But online reservation supports booking process. In this research advertise a property through online reservation. Yes it is true Online reservation is a confidential source to send information about reservation online reservation is the cheapest way for reservation.

Dynamic packages:

According to respondents most dynamic packages are used by tourists for their vacations. By the use of dynamic packaging technology tourists can fulfill their needs and requirements. Respondents are agreeing that dynamic packages are cheaper than traditional packages. Dynamic packages allow flexibility to holidaymaker to plan their unique holiday.

Internet:

According to respondents internet is the best way of information for the tourist place. Social media is the basic crucial tool for the tourist marketers. Websites are the decision helper for the tourist to decide that where they want to be. Guest can share their experiences through blogs and webpages. Tourist research the place on internet before booking an accommodation.

Virtual Tourism:

According to respondent virtual tourism is the better source of information for the tourist about the destination. Virtual tourism has a positive impact on today’s tourism. Video tour is much better rather than image tour. Advertising is the best source of virtual tourism. Panoramic photography is not thought to be a good tour.

Tour guide:

According to respondents modern technology has change the way of tourism. Tour guide is the important branch of promotion of travel. Professional guide is necessary in every kind of tour. Respondents are agreeing that tour guide is must be at every tour place. Audio guide is not effective than human guide.

26

CHAPTER # 6

Conclusion:

It has been stated this study is conducted to find out the role of information technology in the productivity of travel and tourism operation. In this research it is proved that online booking is useful for reservations, it is also proved that dynamic packages are used for planning the vacations of tourists, internet promote tourist places, virtual tourism give information about the places in the form of videos and audios, and tour guide provide information and history of the places.

In this research it is concluded that the travel and tourism has strong relationship with information technology.

The collected data showed that the respondents want to be aware with all the technologies which help them in their vacations.

27

Chapter # 7

Recommendation:In this researchers concluded that the information technology can improve the productivity of travel and tourism operation by searching on different technologies. The research model concluded that the online reservation, dynamic packages, internet, virtual tourism and tour guide can play an important role in improving the productivity of travel and tourism operation.

As the recommendation for future research is, how these technologies can introduce in Pakistan and what are their requirements. The conducted research shows that the use of advance technologies can improve the productivity. A hotel can enjoy more occupancy rate and guest attraction due to these technologies.

Limitation:There are two major limitations

Finance: Due to low financial status it was not possible to make this research on high scale.

Time: Limitation of time is the major problem; the time granted to researcher for the completion of this research is 3 months that is indeed for this type ofresearch.

28