ista forest tree and shrub seed committee 2008 - 2009 · forest tree and shrub seed committee 2008...

INTERNATIONAL SEED TESTING ASSOCIATION (ISTA) www.seedtest.org

ISTAISTAISTAISTAForest Tree and Shrub Seed Forest Tree and Shrub Seed

CCCommitteeCommittee20020088 -- 2002009920020088 20020099

ISTA Annual Meeting, ZürichJune 16, 2009,


Chair Zdenka Prochazkova Czech Republic GER A

Vice-chair Fabio Gorian Italy STO A

Members Isolde D. Kossmann Ferraz Brazil

Kari Fiedler United States GER A

Elena Foffova Slovakia A

Peter G. Gosling United Kingdom

Robert P. Karrfalt United States A

Dave Kolotelo Canada TSWG NA

Stefanie Krämer Germany TEZ A

Antonio Medeiros BrazilAntonio Medeiros Brazil

Beti Piotto Italy

Hugh W. Pritchard United Kingdom STO NA

Heidi Røsok Bye Norway NA

Moctar Sacande United Kingdom

Dale Simpson Canada TSWG NA

Victor Vankus United States AOSA A


20082008--20092009A. Rules DevelopmentRules Development

Comparative tetrazolium tests of AbiesComparative tetrazolium tests of AbiesGermination protocol for seeds of Jatropha curcasGermination protocol for palm seeds p p

C. Workshop and Seminar

Trees, Seeds and a Changing ClimateTrees, Seeds and a Changing ClimateOECD Forest Scheme Meeting

20092009--20102010Comparative tests of Abies germinationProficiency testsProficiency testsJatropha curcas – validation study (BSC, PUR, GER, TEZ, MOI)Sample preparation of large seeds (TSW > 200 g) (MOI)

Determination of water activity (MOI)


Comparative tetrazolium tests of Abies

TEZ - important test used for rapid assessment of viability, especially of dormant tree and shrub seeds

ISTA Rules Table 6A, Part IIDifferent methods of seed preparation are given for the seeds of many forest tree and shrub species.

Each laboratory is permitted to choose the most appropriate method for the seed species being tested.pp p p g


Comparative tests of Abies alba

No Pretreatment:t / i ti (h)

Preparation before staining

type/ min. time (h)1 W / 18 Cut transversally at both ends to open embryo cavity

2 W / 182 W / 18Cut longitudinally beside embryo

3 Prepare the dry seeds Cut transversally at both ends to open embryo cavity

Treat TZ imbibed seeds 3 x with low pressure (optional)Treat TZ imbibed seeds 3 x with low pressure (optional)

4 Prepare the dry seeds Cut longitudinally at both ends to open embryo cavity

Treat TZ imbibed seeds 3 x with low pressure (optional)

Substrate Temperature (°C) First count (d) Final count (d) Additional information

TP 20 30 7 28TP 20‐30 7 28 Prechill 21 d at 3‐5 °C


Comparative tests of Abies albaWHYto improve specifications related to alternative methods by

getting more data from accredited / non accreditedgetting more data from accredited / non-accredited laboratories and monitoring results achieved by „different“ methods

HOWh d d f d i i f Abito compare two methods used for determination of Abies

seed viabilityi) seed soaking before preparation („wet“)i) seed soaking before preparation („wet )ii) no seed soaking before preparation / low pressure

treatment („dry“) t d t i i tito determine germination.


Comparative tests of Abies alba

Seeds - ITML06 Laboratorio Analisi Sementi ForestaliSeeds - ITML06, Laboratorio Analisi Sementi Forestali, Peri, Italy

19 labs participated (7 ISTA accredited/ 12 volunteers)

15 t i (AUT CAN CZ DE FI FR HR HU IT LAT15 countries (AUT, CAN, CZ, DE, FI, FR, HR, HU, IT, LAT, LIT, POL, SK, SPA, US)

9 labs no experience with Abies (5 ISTA labs)


Comparative tests of Abies albaNumber of laboratoriesNumber of laboratories

No Pretreatment Accredited Volunteer Total1 / 4 10 141 Wet seeds / cut transversally 4 10 14

2 Wet seeds / cut longitudinally 3 2 5

3 Dry seeds/ cut transversally 2 8 10y y

4 Dry seeds/ cut longitudinally 4 2 5

5 Dry seeds/ cut transversally / low pressure 2 1 3


Comparative tests of Abies albaViabilityViability -- resultsresults

80

60

70

30

40

50

VIA

BILI

TY (%

)

AccreditedVolunteer

10

20

0Wet seeds / cut transversally Wet seeds / cut longitudinally Dry seeds/ cut transversally Dry seeds/ cut longitudinally Dry seeds/ cut transversally / low

pressure


Comparative tests of Abies albaGerminationGermination -- resultsresults

70

50

60

)

30

40

RM

INA

TIO

N (%

)

AccreditedVolunteer

10

20

GER

0Normal Abnormal Fresh Empty + insect


Comparative tests of Abies albaViability + Germination resultsViability + Germination results

80

60

70

%)

40

50

ty /

germ

inat

ion

(%

Wet seeds / cut transversally Wet seeds / cut longitudinally Dry seeds/ cut transversally Dry seeds/ cut longitudinally Dry seeds/ cut transversally / low pressure

10

20

30

viab

ilit

Germination

0

10

Accredited Volunteer


Comparative tests of Abies albaVIABILITYVIABILITY

CommentsStaining

Recommended (optimal) time: 12 / 18 h

In practice: 16 - 24 h

Nearly impossible to evaluate viability without any previous training

Very difficult to properly assess the seed using the methods recommended in the Rules.

Not sufficient penetration to stain the tissue that needed to be assessed.Not sufficient penetration to stain the tissue that needed to be assessed.

By cutting transversely at both ends the tip of the radicle may be damaged, any necrosis at the radicle tip could be removed or be difficult to assess


Comparative tests of Abies albaGERMINATIONGERMINATION

Comments

How to classify seeds with the primary root + hypocotyl together < 4x the length of the seed even after extended test period?length of the seed even after extended test period?

Fresh seeds after extended test period (up to 56 d)


Jatropha curcasBarbados nut or Physic nutBarbados nut or Physic nut

EuphorbiaceaeEuphorbiaceae

Seeds contain 30% oil a high-quality biodieselSeeds contain 30% oil a high-quality biodieselOrigin - Central AmericaPlanted in tropical / subtropical Asia and AfricaPlanted in tropical / subtropical Asia and Africa


Jatropha curcas

WHAT IS KNOWN?WHAT IS KNOWN?PSD not defined yet1000 Seed Weight = 531 g (RBG Kew)1000 Seed Weight 531 g (RBG Kew) 2500 seeds (Working sample) = 1330 gSubmitted sample = 2660 gGerminationThe seeds germinate easy (7-14 d) in organic mix soil with good moisture. Th hi h lit i bl d h i ti t ≥90%The high quality viable seeds have germination rate ≥90%. The (orthodox) seeds stay viable for up to 12 months (air-tight containers,

MC 5-7%) but the germination rate may drop to 80% after 6 months.) g y pViability – Kak, A. et al. Assessment of viability of Jatropha curcas L.

seeds using the tetrazolium test, SST 37 (2009):


Germination protocol for seeds of Jatropha curcasCCharlotte Seal, Suzy Wood, Hugh PritchardS , S y , g

Four replicates of 100 seeds (MC 8.7%) sown onto 1% agar

Incubation at 15, 20, 25, 30 or 35°C (8h light/16 h dark and a light)

Seeds were scored for germination three times a week (the length of the radicle was equal to the length of the seed)

No further germination was observed after 45 days


Germination protocol for seeds of Jatropha curcasCCharlotte Seal, Suzy Wood, Hugh PritchardS , S y , g

ResultsResults

Temperature (°C) Germination (%) ± std MTG* (days) ± std

35 66.50 ± 0.76 6.05 ± 1.0435 66.50± 0.76 6.05± .04

30 61.50 ± 0.65 6.51 ± 1.13

25 61.75 ± 0.59 7.11 ± 1.84

20 39.25 ± 0.73 11.99 ± 5.52

15 0 0


Germination protocol for palm seedsCCharlotte Seal, Suzy Wood, Hugh PritchardS , S y , g

Palm seeds of 14 species mainly purchased from a commercialsource

Seeds sown onto 1% agar in plastic sandwich boxes (20 – 25 seeds),incubation at 30°C, 8h light/16 h dark

Seeds were scored as germinated when the radicle was clearlyg yvisible


Germination protocol for palm seedsCCharlotte Seal, Suzy Wood, Hugh PritchardS , S y , g

Species Germination (%) MTG (days)

Latania loddigesii 44 40g

Iriartea deltoidea 28 56Latania verschaffeltii 24 34Oenocarpus bataua 20 37Oenocarpus bataua 20 37Oenocarpus mapora 48 33Orania sylvicola 40 29

Tahina spectabilis 88 13Basselinia gracilis 32 35Burretiokentia hapala 48 30

Dictyosperma album 25 25Phoenix dactylifera 48 25Pinanga coronata 88 10Pritchardia pacifica 16 72

Rhopaloblaste augusta 64 9


C. Workshop and SeminarTrees, Seeds and a Changing Climate22 – 25 September 200822 25 September 2008

Organised by: Hugh W. Pritchard, Matt Daws, Kate Hardwick (Royal Botanic Gardens Kew)

Attended by: 40 delegates from Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, Finland, Greece, Italy, Poland, RSA, Taiwan, UK

Main sponsors: International Union of Forest Research Organisations (IUFRO), the International Tree Foundation (ITF), the Royal Botanic G d K d th U i it f SGardens Kew and the University of Sussex

International

Tree

Supported by:

Foundation

ISTA, Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI)


Trees Seeds and a Changing ClimateTrees, Seeds and a Changing ClimateProgramme (22 papers and 2 posters)

CLIMATE CHANGE: PREDICTED AND OBSERVED IMPACTS

FOREST FRAGMENTATION AND RESTORATIONFOREST FRAGMENTATION AND RESTORATION

TREE SEED SCIENCE

Guided tours of the Wellcome Trust Millennium BuildingGuided tours of the Wellcome Trust Millennium Building. A chance to look behind the scenes at the science and facilities of the Seed Conservation Department, including the world-leading conservation work of the Millennium Seed Bank Projectthe Millennium Seed Bank Project


OECD Forest Scheme MeetingKigali (Rwanda) October 6 8 2008Kigali (Rwanda) October, 6‐8, 2008Fabio Gorian

Tuesday, 6th

h i l ki ( )Technical Working Groups (TWGs)

Wednesday, 7th and Thursday, 8th

Forest Scheme Annual meetingg


Technical Working Groups (TWG)

1. Development of a relevant and more up‐to‐date database1. Development of a relevant and more up to date database

2. Development of common definitions

3 Adaptation of the OECD forest scheme to the tropical3. Adaptation of the OECD forest scheme to the tropical countries

4. Short rotation plantation for bioenergy and agro‐forestry p gy g yand shrub species

5. Proposal on how to deal with the category “Qualified”


OECD Forest Scheme Annual meeting

1. Presentation and evaluation of the TCOMs decisions

2. Evaluation of countries proposal for accession to the Forest Scheme

3. Update on both statistics and implementation of the 2007 Forest Scheme in members countries


Field trips

Butare: Arboretum of Ruhande and the National Tree Seed Centre (Centrale des Graines Forestières) More than 200 tree species

Nyungwe National ParkThe park is one of the richest ecosystems in the region inThe park is one of the richest ecosystems in the region in terms of biodiversity


Camargo, J. L. C.; I. D. K. Ferraz, M. R. Mesquita, B. S. Almeida, H. Brum. 2008.Propágulos e Plântulas da Amazonia. Volume 1. ISBN 978-85-211-0041-6. Editora INPA, Manaus. 168p.


Activities 2009- 2010

1. Comparative tests of Abies germinationg2. Proficiency tests3. Jatropha curcas – validation study (BSC, PUR, GER, p y ( , , ,

TEZ, MOI)4. Sample preparation of large seeds (TSW > 200 g)

(MOI) 5. Determination of water activity (MOI) ??


Comparative tests of Abies germination

Vic Vankus

Survey of priorities or need of FTS members regarding current Abies germination methods planned.

Results from Abies alba comparative test on TEZ and germination will also be used to assess degree of uniformity in

ftesting between laboratories and can be used for developing comparative germination tests of additional Abies species.

Plan should be finalized and tests started by summer 2009.


Proficiency tests

The preliminary round is going to start in 2009 p y g g

Pinus sylvestris

purity 1000 weight germinationpurity, 1000 weight, germination


Jatropha curcas – validation study (BSC, PUR, GER, TEZ, MOI)

Sample preparation of large seeds (TSW > 200 g) (MOI)

Determination of water activity (MOI)


Measurement of water activity onMeasurement of water activity on forest tree seeds : an efficient tool

f d b k tfor seed bank managementPatrick BALDET (Cemagref, France)Fabienne COLAS (Direction de la recherche forestière MRNFFabienne COLAS (Direction de la recherche forestière, MRNF, Québec)Michèle BETTEZ (Centre de semences forestières de B thi MRNF Q éb )Berthier, MRNF, Québec).

2008 June 14th

ISTA FTS W k h VISTA FTS Workshop Verona


Many thanks to all active FTS membersto ISTA Secretariatto ISTA Secretariat

Thanks for your kind attentionThanks for your kind attention

ista forest tree and shrub seed committee 2008 - 2009 · forest tree and shrub seed committee 2008...

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