ist royal email english course-model.10485516

8/12/2019 Ist Royal Email English Course-Model.10485516

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Royal Email English Course

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Through Tamil

FIRST ROYAL EMAIL ENGLISH

COURSE

1The first Week Course contains the following lessons.

Lesson No. Contents Page No

1 Authors introduction 2

2 The meaning of Grammar 3

3 English Letters Classification 3

4 Some Words often used in our daily life 4

5 Sentence and Kinds of Sentence 47


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Authors Introduction

I am I.N.Bhava. I hail from Kadayanallur town, Tirunelveli District, Tamil Nadu,

India

During my schooling days, I was encouraged by my respectful teachers to learn English

in a right way. The method what they taught me in learning English has driven me to get

somewhat teaching skill.

I have taught English Grammar to so many students in my Tutorial College.

I am fully confident that my teaching method and materials will make students

understand English grammar properly and hence they can speak and write Englishwithout a mistake.

This kind of thinking has induced me teach our students community through Free EmailEnglish Course. Now this course has been designed to teach only to Tamil CommunityStudents.

Here I have an ambition and desire that at first, my educational service should reach thestudents and if they are benefited through this course, they can render their help by way

of sending subscriptions as they like. Your Subscriptions in any form will be forwarded

to a good cause of free Education to the poor and needy people irrespective of caste,colour and creed.

The simple and humble service in teaching through this email course is

dedicated to my beloved teachers , my parents and my dear and near who

do always help me help others who are needy.

The First Email English Grammar Course will teach you the meaning Grammar, theclassification of letters in English and Some Important words used in our daily life. This

is the first step to develop our knowledge in English in a right way.

All the students are required to keep this study material in a binder so that it will be

useful in future for your ready reference.

Please feel free to contact me at any time by email or by mobile 0097150-4676635

Ismail N.Bhava


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GRAMMAR

What is Grammar?

,yf;fzk; vd;why; vd;d?

Grammar is nothing but the rules and regulations framed for speaking and

writing in any language without a mistake.

,yf;fzk; vd;gJ ve;j xU nkhopapYk; jtW ,y;yhky; NgRtjw;fhfTk;

vOJtjw;fhfTk; cUthf;fg;gl;l rl;l jpl;lq;fisj;jtpu NtW

xd;Wkpy;iy.

LETTERS

vOj;Jf;fs;There are twenty six letters in English. Out of these 26 letters, five letters

namely A,E,I,O,U are called Vowels. The remaining 21 letters are called

Consonants.

Mq;fpyj;jpy;26 vOj;Jf;fs; cs;sd. me;j 26 vOj;Jf;fspy; 5

vOj;Jf;fs; mjhtJ A,E,I,O,U capH vOj;Jf;fs; vd;W

miof;fg;gLfpd;wd.kPjKs;s 21 vOj;Jf;fs; nka;vOj;Jf;fs; vd;W

miof;fg;gLfpd;wd.


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SOME IMPORTANT WORDSRpy Kf;fpa thHj;ijfs;

We have to know some important words used often in the Sentence.

Knowing meaning and usage of the word in the sentence will help us to

use these words in sentences in future .

thf;fpaj;jpy mbf;fb gad;glf;$ba rpy Kf;fpa thHj;ijfis ehk;mwpe;Jnfhs;s Ntz;bapUf;fpwJ.thf;fpaj;jpYs;s me;j thHj;ijapd;gad;ghL mHj;jk; ,tw;iwj; njhpe;J nfhs;tJ tUq;fhyj;jpy;thf;fpaj;jpy; ,e;j thHj;ijfisg; gad;gLj;j ekf;F cjtpahf,Uf;Fk;.


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1. To ---f;FExample:

To me vdf;F

To School gs;spf;$lj;Jf;F

To my father vd; mg;ghTf;F

To go to school gs;spf;F Nghtjw;F

To go to school with your son cd; kfDld; gs;spf;F Nghtjw;F

To drive a car xU fhiu Xl;Ltjw;F

To see a picture xU glj;ijg; ghh;g;gjw;F

To meet my friend in Madras nrd;idapy; vd; ez;gid re;jpg;gjw;F

To take a book xUGj;jfj;ij vLg;gjw;F

To go to shop to buy a book xU Gj;jfj;ij thq;f filf;Fg; Nghtjw;F

To speak with him MtDld; NgRtjw;F

Note: Please note that always After To, if any verb comes, only

present verb will come. There are some exceptions which will be studied

in later stage.

NkNy cs;s vLj;Jf;fhl;LfspypUe;J To vd;w thHj;ijf;F mLj;JtUk; tpidr;nrhy; epfo;fhy tpidr;nrhy;yhfj;jhd; ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;.Rpy tpjptpyf;Ffis gpd; tUk; ghlq;fspy; fhzyhk;.


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2. In - ,y;Example:

In Dubai Jghapy;

In Madras nrd;idapy;

In New york epa+ahHf;fpy;

In my school vd;gs;spf;$lj;jpy;

In me vd;dplj;jpy;

In him mtdplj;jpy;

In my father vd; mg;ghtplj;jpy;

In my family vd;FLk;gj;jpy;

In writing vOJtjpy;

In speaking truth cz;ik NgRtjpy;

In writing a letter to my friend vd; ez;gDf;F xU fbjk; vOJtjpy;

In seeing a picture xU glk; ghHg;gjpy;

In buying good things ey;y nghUl;fis thq;Ftjpy;

In having written a letter xU fbjk; vOjpapUe;jjpy;

In having seen a picture xU glk; ghHj;jpUe;jjpy;

In having taken a book xU Gj;jfk; vLj;jpUe;jjpy;

In having discussed the matter ,e;j tp\aj;ij tpthjk; nra;J ,Ue;jjpy;


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Note: Please note that if any verb comes after In, it should be a

present participle. In the above examples, please note that after In

having , the Past participle of a verb has come. So always after In

having if any verb comes, it should be a past participle.

In vdw thHj;ijf;F mLj;J tUk; tpidr;nrhy vgNghJk; epfo;fhytpidnar;rkhfj;jhd; ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;. NkNyAs;s (v-fh) fspy; Inhaving vdw thHj;ijf;F mLj;J fle;j fhy tidnar;rqfNste;Js;sd.vdNt ,jpypUe;J Invd;w thHj;ijf;F mLj;J epfo;fhytpidnar;rKk;> In having vdw thHj;ijf;F mLj;J fle;jfhytpidnar;rKk; tuNtz;Lk; vd;gijAk; ftdj;jpy; nfhs;sTk;.

3.For - MfExample:

For me vdf;fhf

For you cdf;fhf

For him mtDf;fhf

For her mtSf;fhf

For it mjw;fhf

For them mtHfSf;fhf

For seeing ghHg;gjw;fhf


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For writing a letter xU fbjk; vOJtjw;fhf

For meeting my friend vd;Dila ez;gidr; re;jpg;gjw;fhf

For sending money to my father vd;Dila mg;ghTf;Fg; gzk; mDg;Gtjw;fhf

For having written a letter xU fbjk; vOjpapUe;jjw;fhf

For having told truth cz;ik nrhy;ypapUe;jjw;fhf

For having beaten him mtid mbj;jpUe;jjw;fhf

For having killed a snake xUghk;igf; nfhd;wpUe;jjw;fhf

For having sold this house mtDilatPl;iltpw;wpUe;jjw;fhf

Note: Please note that if any verb comes after For, it should be a

present participle. In the above examples, please note that after For

having , the Past participle of a verb has come. So always after For


For vd;w thHj;ijf;F mLj;J tUk; tpidr;nrhy; epfo;fhytpidnar;rkhfj;jhd; ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;. NkNy fz;l (v.fh) fspy Forhaving vd;w thHj;ijf;F mLj;J fle;jfhy tpidnar;rk;te;Js;sijf; fhzyhk;. vdNt vg;NghJk; For vd;w thHj;ijf;FmLj;J epfo;fhy tpidnar;rKk; For having vd;w thHj;ijf;FmLj;J fle;jfhy tpidnar;rKk; tuNtz;Lk; vd;gij ePq;fs;ftdj;jpy; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;


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4. From - ,UeJExample:

From me vd;dplkpUe;J

From my father vd;Dila mg;ghtplkpUe;J

From our country ek;Kila ehl;bypUe;J

From their money mtHfSila gzj;jpypUe;J

From the forestfhl;bypUe;J

From writing a story xU fij vOJtjpypUe;J

From seeing a picture xU glk; ghHg;gjpypUe;J

From learning good books ey;y Gj;jfq;fisg; gbg;gjpypUe;J

From understanding this point ,e;j tp\aj;ijg;Ghpe;J nfhs;tjpy ;,Ue;J

From having known this ,ij mwpe;jpUe;jjpypUe;J

From having seen a good man xUey;ykdpjidg; ghHj;J ,Ue;jjpy,Ue;J

From having studied your lessons cd; ghlq;fisg; gbj;jpUe;jjpypUe;J

From having cut this relationship ,e;j cwit Kwpj;jpUe;jypypUe;J

From having gone to school gs;spf;Fg; NghapUe;jjpypUe;J

From having taught this lesson ,e;jg ghlj;ijf; w;gpj;jpUe;jypypUe;J


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Note: Please note that if any verb comes after From, it should be a

present participle. In the above examples, please note that after From

having , the Past participle of a verb has come. So always after From


"From" vdw thHj;ijf;F mLj;J tUk; tpidr;nrhy; epfo;fhytpidnar;rkhfj;jhd; ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;. NkNy cs;s v-fh fspy "Fromhaving" vd;w thHj;ijf;F mLj;J fle;j fhy tpidnar;rk;te;Js;sijf;fhzyhk;. vdNt vg;NghJk; From having vdwthHj;ijf;F mLj;J tUk; tidr;nrhy vgNghJk; fle;jfhynganur;rkhfj;jhd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.

5. With - My;- cld; - XLExample:

With your help cd; cjtpahy;,cd; cjtpAld ,;cd; cjtpNahL,

With me vd;Dld; (My; XL)

With you cd;NdhL (My; cld;)

With my father vd; mg;ghTld; (My; XL)

With money Gzj;jhy; (cld; XL)

With her friend mtSila ez;gNdhL

With pen Ngdhthy;


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6. Without -

Example

Without money gzkpy;yhky;

Without hard work fbd ciog;gpy;yhky;

With no work Ntiyapy;yhky;

Without seeing ghHf;fhky;

Without writing a letter xU fbjk; vOjpf;nfhz;buhky;

Without earning money gzk; rk;ghjpf;fhky;

Without studying books Gj;jfq;fs; gbf;fhky;

Without having written a story xU fij vOjpapUe;jpUf;fhky;

Without having understood you cd;idg; Gupe;J ,Ue;J ,Uf;fhky;;

Without having met my friend Vd;Dila ez;gidr; re;jpj;J ,Ue;jpUf;fhky;

Without having done any work ve;j NtiyAk; nra;jpUe;jpUf;fhky;

Note: Please note that if any verb comes after Without , it should be a

present participle. In the above examples, please note that after

Without having , the Past participle of a verb has come. So always

after Without having if any verb comes, it should be a past participle.


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"Without" vdw thHj;ijf;F mLj;J tUk; tidr;nrhy epfo;fhytpidnar;rkhfj;jhd; ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;. NkNy cs;s v-fh tpy; Withouthaving vd;w thHj;ijf;F mLj;J fle;jfhy tpidnar;rk;te;Js;sijf; fhzyhk;. vdNt vg;NghJk; "Without having" vdwthHj;ijf;F mLj;J tUk; tpidr;nrhy; fle;jfhytpidnar;rkhfj;jhd; ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;.

7.On - Nky; mjd;Ngupy;Example

On this table ,e;j Nkir Nky;

On the wall me;jr; Rthpd; Nky;

On me vd; Nky;

On this instruction ,e;j epge;jidapd; Nghpy;

On seeing this film ,e;jg; glj;ijg; ghHg;gjd;Nghpy;

On writing this letter ,e;jf; fbjj;ij vOjpapUe;jjd; Nghpy;

On having studied this matter ,e;j tp\aj;ijg; gbj;jpUe;jjd; Nghpy;


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On having met him in time chpaNeuj;jpy; mtidr; re;jpj;jpUe;jjd;Nghpy;

On having obeyed to his words mtDila thHj;ijfSf;Ff fPo;g;gbe;jpUe;jjd Nghpy;

On having visited many places gy ,lq;fisr; Rw;wpg; ghHj;jpUe;jjd; Nghpy;

On having gone to America mnkhpf;fhTf;Fg; NghapUe;jjd; Nghpy;

On having understood this point ,e;j tp\aj;ijg; Ghpe;J nfhz;bUe;jjd; Nghpy;

On having sold this house ,e;j tPl;il tpw;wpUe;jjd; Nghpy;

Note: Please note that if any verb comes after On, it should be a

present participle. In the above examples, please note that after On

having , the Past participle of a verb has come. So always after Onhaving if any verb comes, it should be a past participle.

"On" vd;w thHj;ijf;F mLj;J tUk; tpidr;nrhy; epfo;fhytpidnar;rkhfj;jhd; ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;. NkNy cs;s v-fh tpy; Onhaving vd;w thHj;ijf;F mLj;J fle;jfhy tpidnar;rk;te;Js;sijf; fhzyhk;. vdNt vgNghJk; "On having" vd;wthHj;ijf;F mLj;J tUk; tpidr;nrhy; fle;jfhytpidnar;rkhfj;jhd; ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;.


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8. On account ofBecause of

Due to

By virtue of

By dint of

Thanks to

Owing to

In consequence of

In the light of

fhuzkhf

Example:

a.He has passed the examination because of his hard work

mtDila fbd ciog;gpd; fhuzkhf mtd; NjHtpy; ntw;wp ngw;whd;.

b.He did not go to school due to his illness.

mtDila Nehapd; fhuzkhf mtd; gs;spf;Fr; nry;ytpy;iy.

c.By virtue of his hard efforts, he has achieved a good position in his life.

mtDila fbd Kaw;rpapdhy; mtd; mtDila tho;tpy; ey;y epiyia

mile;jpUf;fpwhd;.

d.On account of his having passed in First Class, he has got a good job.mtd; Kjy;tFg;gpy; NjwpapUe;jjpdhy; mtd; ey;y Ntiyia ngw;W ,Uf;fpwhd;.


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e.Thanks to the development of science, we have got so many things in our

daily life.

mwptpaypd; tsHr;rpapd; fhuzkhf ehk; ekJ jpdrhp tho;tpy;

mNef(tp\aq;fis) nghUl;fisg; ngw;Ws;Nshk;.

f.Owing to his illness, he did not go to school.

mtdJ Nehapd; fhuzkhf mtd; gs;spf;Fg; Nghftpy;iy.

g.In consequence of his failures in life, he learnt a lot of experiences.

tho;tpy; mtdJ Njhy;tpfspd; tpisthf (fhuzkhf) Vuhskhd

mDgtq;fis mtd; gbj;jhd;.

h.By virtue of his powers, the President ruled the country under control.

mtdJ mjpfhuq;fs; fhuzkhf me;j [dhjpgjp ,e;j ehl;il

fl;Lg;ghl;by; Mz;lhH. (Ml;rp nra;jhH).

9.According to:- mjwfzqfExample;

According to the instructions given by the Employer, the workers are doing

their work.

Kjyhspahy; nfhLf;fg;gl;l epge;jidfSf;fpzq;f me;jj; njhopyhspfs;mtHfsJ Ntiyiar; nra;Jnfhz;L ,Uf;fpwhHfs;.


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10.As per:-gb (mjd;gb)Example:

As per the list attached herewith, the supplier will send the goods

,j;Jld; ,izf;fg;gl;l gl;baypd;gb me;j tpw;gidahsH me;jg;

nghUl;fis mDg;GthH.

11.With immediate effect:- cldbahfExample;

The fraudulent employee has been removed from service with immediate

effect.

me;jj; jtwpa (jtW nra;j) Ntiyahs; cldbahfg; gzpapypUe;J

ePf;fg;gl;L ,Uf;fpwhH.

12.In force: mKypy;Example:

The rules and regulations are in force since 1947.

1947 ypUe;J ,e;jr; rl;l jpl;lq;fs; mKypy; ,Uf;fpd;wd.


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13.

Though

Although

Even though --------------

-

,Ue;jNghjpYk;

,Ue;jNghjpYk;$l

Example:

Though he was lazy, he was very brilliant.

mtd; Nrhk;Ngwpahf ,Ue;jNghjpYk; mtd; jpwikAs;stdhf ,Ue;jhd;.

Even though he is very rich, he is a very hard worker.

mtd; gzf;fhudhf ,Uf;fpwNghjpYk;$l mtd; kpff; fbdkhf

ciog;ghspahf ,Uf;fpwhd;.

14. In the Place of

In lieu of

In stead of

gjpyhf

Example

a. Please take this book instead of that box.


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me;j ngl;bf;Fg; gjpyhf ,e;jg; Gj;jfj;ij jaTnra;J vL

(vLj;Jf;nfhs;).

b.Mr.Kumar has been appointed as manager in the place of Mr.Ram.

jpU uhKTf;Fg; gjpyhf Nkyhsuhf jpU FkhH epakpf;fg;gl;L ,Uf;fpwhH.

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15. In the event ofIn case of ,Uggd

Example:

a.In the event of your passing the examination, you will get the job.

eP (cd;Dila) NjHtpy; gh]hfpapUg;gpd; eP me;j Ntiyiag;

ngWtha;..

b.In case of his going to school, he will study well.

mtd; (mtDila) gs;spf;Fg; NghapUg;gpd; mtd; ed;whfg; gbg;ghd;.

16.As far as I am concerned vdidg; nghWj;j tiuapy;Example:

a.As far as I am concerned, I have done my work perfectly.

vd;idg; nghWj;jtiuapy; ehd; vd;Dila Ntiyia KOikahfr;

nra;jpUf;fpNwd;.


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b.As far as he is concerned, he is very good in all the ways.

mtidg; nghWj;jtiuapy; vy;yhtpjq;fspYk; mtd; ey;ytdhf

,Uf;fpwhd;..

c.As far as you are concerned, you can get the prize.

cd;idg; nghWj;jtiuapy; eP me;jg; gupirg; ngwKbAk;.

17. So far: ,JtiuExample:

I have not completed my work so far.

ehd; ,Jtiu vdJ Ntiyia Kbj;J ,Uf;fpwjpy;iy..

18.Till now:- ,g;NghJ tiu

Example

Till now, he has not finished his work.

,g;NghJtiu mtd; mtdJ Ntiyia Kbj;J ,Uf;fpwjpy;iy.

19.When -nghOJ vgNghJ

Example

a.When did you come to my house ?

eP vg;NghJ vd;Dila tPl;Lf;F te;jha;?


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b.When you came to my house, I was doing my home work.

eP vd;Dila tPl;Lf;F te;jNghJ ehd; vdJ tPl;L Ntiyiar; nra;J

nfhz;bUe;Njd;.

20.After gpwFExamples:

a.I am not after money.

ehd; gzj;jpw;Fg; gpd;dhy; ,y;iy (,Uf;fpwjpy;iy).

b.I came here after you had left the office.

eP mYtyfj;ij tpl;L te;jpUe;j gpwF ehd; ,q;Nf te;Njd;.

c.After seeing my brother, I returned home by bus.

vdJ rNfhjuidg; ghHj;j gpwF NgUe;jpy; ehd; tPl;Lf;Fj; jpUk;gpNdd;.

21.Before: Kd;dhy;

You should reach office before 10 A.M

fhiy 10 kzpf;F Kd;ghf ePmYtyfj;ij mila Ntz;Lk;.

You had completed your office work before you went (left for) home.

eP tPl;Lf;Fg; Nghtjw;F (Nghd)Kd;ghf eP cd;Dila mYtyf

Ntiyia Kbj;jpUe;jha;.

Before seeing you, I had met him on my way to house.

cd;idg; ghHg;gjw;F Kd;ghf tPl;Lf;Fg; NghFk; topapy; ehd; mtidr;

re;jpj;jpUe;Njd;.


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22.In front of :Kd;dhb Kd;dhy; Kd;

The coconut tree is in front of my house.

me;jj; njd;id kuk; vd;Dila tPl;bw;F Kd; ,Uf;fpwJ.

23.Below: fPNoA student should not secure marks below 35 out of 100.

100f;F35 f;Ff; fPNo xU khztd;kjpg;ngz;fs; vLf;fNtz;lhk;($lhJ).

24.Above: NkNy

A student should obtain marks above 35 out of 100 to pass in the

examination.

xU khztd; NjHtpy; ntw;wp ngWtjw;F 100 f;F 35-f;F NkNy

kjpg;ngz;fs; vLf;fNtz;Lk;..

25.With Reference to: Fwpg;gpl;L Fwpj;J

Example

With reference to your letter dated 25th March 2003, I do hereby bring to

your kind attention the following points.


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khHr; 23 2003 Njjpapl;l cq;fSila fbjk; Fwpg;gpl;L (Fwpj;J)

fPo;f;fz;l fUj;Jf;fis cq;fsJ md;G ftdj;jpw;F ehd; ,jd;%yk;

nfhz;LtUfpNwd;..

26. On the go:- kpfTk; RWRWg;ghf

Example

My mother is always on the go in kitchen.

Rikayiwapy; vdJ mk;kh vg;NghJk; RWRWg;ghf ,Uf;fpwhs;.

27. As regards

In regard to

With regard to

Regarding

rk;te;jkhfrk;ge;jggLj;jp Fwj;J

Example

a.Regarding the advertisement in the Hindu news paper for the post of

Manager, I apply for the same.

NkyhsH Ntiyf;fhf ,e;J ehspjopy; cs;s tpsk;guk; rk;ge;jkhf ehd;

mjw;fhf kDr; nra;fpNwd;.

28. As soon as: clNdNa

Example


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As soon as the police arrived the spot, the thief escaped from the house.

NghyP]; me;j ,lj;jpw;F te;j clNdNa me;jj; jpUld; me;j

tPl;bypUe;J jg;gptpl;lhd;.

29. No sooner than clNdNa

Example

No sooner did the police arrive the spot than the thief escaped from the

house.

NghyP]; me;j ,lj;jpw;F te;j clNdNa me;jj; jpUld; me;j

tPl;bypUe;J jg;gptpl;lhd;.

30. If ,Ue;jhy

Example:

If you work hard, You will pass in the examination.

eP fbdkhf Ntiy nra;jhy; eP NjHtpy; ntw;wp ngWtha;.

31. Unless: ,Ue;jhnyhopa ,y;yhtpl;lhy;;Example

Unless you work hard, you will not pass in the examination.


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eP fbdkhf cioj;jhnyhopa (ciof;fhtpl;lhy;) eP NjHtpy; ntw;wp ngw

khl;lha;.

32. Despite

In spite of

Notwithstanding,Ug;gpDk;

Example

a.Despite his having failed in the SSLC examination, he has come up in life.

mtd; (mtdJ) v];. v]; vy; ]p apy; Njhy;tpaile;jpUg;gpDk; mtd;

tho;tpy; Kd;Ndwp ,Uf;fpwhd;.

b.In spite of his working hard, he could not get good marks in the

examination.

mtDila fbd ciog;G ,Ug;gpDk; mtd; NjHtpy; ey;y

kjpg;ngz;fisg; ngw Kbe;jjpy;iy.

c.Notwithstanding the warning by the management to remove the workers

from service, the workers continued their strike.

gzpapypUe;J njhopyhsHfis ePf;Ftjw;F epHthfj;jpdhy; vr;rhpf;if

,Ug;gpDk; me;jj; njhopyhsHfs; mtHfsJ Ntiy epWj;jj;ijj;

njhlHe;jhHfs;.


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33.Now that:- ,Ue;jgbahy; ,,Ue;jhyExample

Now that he had passed the Higher Secondary Examination with good

marks, he applied for the Higher studies in Medicine.

ey;y kjpg;ngz;fSld; mtd; me;j i`aH nrfz;lhp NjHtpy;

ntw;wpngw;W ,Ue;jgbahy; (,Ue;jjhy;) kUj;Jtj;jpy; Nky;gbg;gpw;fhf

kDr;nra;jhd;.

34.As :- ,Ue;jjhy;

Example

As he had gone to Gulf Countries for a good position, he earned a lot of

money.

ey;y epiyf;fhf (Ntiyf;F) tisFlh ehl;bw;F mtd; NghapUe;jjhy; mtd;

Vuhskhd gzj;ijr; rk;ghjpj;jhd;.

35. As long as:- ,Uf;Fk;tiu

Example


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As long as he was alive, he lived for poor people and nation.

mtd; capNuhL ,Ue;jtiu mtd; Vio kf;fSf;fhfTk; ehl;bw;fhfTk;

tho;e;jhd;.

36.As a general rule / In general :- nghJthf

Example

As a general rule, We should respect the rules and regulations of a country

where we live in.

nghJthf ehk; tho;fpd;w ehl;bd; rl;l jpl;lq;fis ehk; kjpf;f

Ntz;Lk;.

37.With the help of / By means of :- cjtahy; %ykhfExample

Our thoughts are generally expressed by means of words.

thHj;ijfspd; cjtpahy; (%ykhf) ekJ vz;zq;fs; nghJthf

ntspg;gLj;jg; gLfpd;wd.

38.By all means:- vy;yhtjj;jpYk;/ epr;rakhf/ ve;jtpjj;jpYk;/cWjpahf

Example

By all means you will succeed in the examination.

epr;rakhf (ve;jtpjj;jpYk;) eP NjHtpy; ntw;wp ngWtha;.

39. a man of means: rich man - gzf;fhud;


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Example

Mr.Ramanathan is a man of means.

jpU uhkehjd; xU gzf;fhud;;.

40.Beyond Measure:- Very big -kpf mjpfkhf - mstplKbahj

Example:

Her joy was beyond measure.

mtsJ kfpo;r;rp mstplKbahj msTf;F ,Ue;jJ.

41.Nevertheless: ,UggDk

Example

He did not study well nevertheless he hopes he can win first rank.

mtd; ed;whfg; gbf;ftpy;iy ,Ug;gpDk; mtd; Kjy; Nuq;f; ngw

KbAnkd;D mtd; ek;Gfpwhd;.

42. By mistake: jtWjyhfExample

By mistake, he forgot to take his umbrella during the rainy season.

jtWjyhf mtH kiof; fhyj;jpy; jdJ Filia vLg;gjw;F

kwe;Jtpl;lhH.


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43. On behalf of : rhHghfExample

He took this problem to the management on behalf of workers.

njhopyhspfspd; rhHghf epHthfj;jpw;F ,e;jg; gpur;ridia mtd;

vLj;Jr; nrd;whd;.

44. In accordance with: mjd;gb ,zq;f

Example

In accordance with your instruction, they have done their work without fail.

cq;fsJ epge;jidf;fpzq;f jtwhky; mtHfs; jq;fsJ Ntiyiar;

nra;jpUf;fpwhHfs;.

45.In order to: f;F fhuzj;jpw;F

Example

He reached the Railway station in order to send off his friend in time.

mtdJ ez;gid chpa Neuj;jpy; mDg;gpitg;gjw;F(mDg;gpitf;Fk;

fhuzj;jpw;F) mtd; uapy; epiyaj;ij mile;jhd;.


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46. In course of : fhyg;Nghffy;Example

In course of time, he realized his mistakes.

fhyg;Nghf;fpy; mtd; mtdJ jtWfis czHe;jhd;.

47.Agreeably to: xj;jpzq;fp

Example

Agreeably to the terms of settlement, we have paid the money in time.

jPHtpd; epge;jidfSf;F xj;jpzq;fp ehq;fs; chpa Neuj;jpy; me;jg;

gzj;ijr; nrYj;jpapUf;fpNwhk;.

48.In favour of: rhjfkhfExample

The money has been sent by our company in favour of M/s.Lotus Co.Ltd.

Nyhl;l]; fk;ngdp ypkpll; ngaupy; (rhjfkhf) vq;fsJ fk;ngdpahy;

,e;jg; gzk; mDg;gp itf;fg;gl;L ,Uf;fpwJ.

49.Provided that: epge;jidapd; Nghpy;Example


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We will do the work provided that the employer should pay the salary in

advance.

Kjyhsp rk;gsj;ij Kjypy; (Kd;dhbahf) nrYj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;w

epge;jidapd; Nghpy; ehq;fs; ,e;j Ntiyiar; nra;Nthk;.

50. On the ground that:

Example

He was punished by the court on the ground that he was found guilty.

Fw;wthsp vd mtd; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;lhd; vd;w mbg;gilapd; Nghpy;

mtd; ePjp kd;wj;jhy; jz;bf;fg;gl;lhd;.

51. About to: jWthay;

Example

He was about to leave this company.

mtd; ,e;jf; fk;ngdpia tpl;Lr; nry;Yk; jWthapypUe;jhd;.

52.

As if

As though ,Ug;gijg;Nghy;

Example


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a.He talks with others as if he were rich.

mtd; gzf;fhudhf ,Uf;fpwijg; Nghy; kw;wtHfsplk; NgRfpwhd;

b.The office boy behaves in the manner as though he were a manager of this

manager.

me;j mYtyfg; igad; fk;ngdpapd; Nkyhsiug; Nghy; elf;fpwhd;

53.

On the verge of

On the brink of

tpspk;gpy;

jSk;gp

Example

The country is on the verge of disaster.

,e;j ehL moptpd; tpspg;gpy; cs;sJ (,Uf;fpwJ).

She is now on the brink of shedding tears.

mts; fz;zPHj;Jspfisr; rpe;Jk; tpspk;gpy; (epiyapy;) cs;shs;

(,Uf;fpwhs;).

54. On ones own accord: jd;dp\;lg;gbExample

He has resigned his post on his own accord due to some personal problems.

Rpy nrhe;jg; gpur;ridfspd; fhuzkhf jhdhfNt (mtdJ nrhe;j

,\;lg;gbNa) mtd; jdJ Ntiyia uh[pdhkh nra;jhd;.


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55. Far and near: vy;yh ,lq;fs; (vy;yh jpirfs;)Example

People came from far and near to see this building.

kf;fs; ,e;jf; fl;blj;ijg; ghHg;gjw;F vy;yh ,lq;fspypUe;Jk; te;jhHfs;.

56. In time : ruahd Neuj;jpy

Example

We went to theatre in time to see this film.

,e;jg; glj;ijg; ghHg;gjw;Fr; rupahd Neuj;jpy; jpNal;lUf;F ehq;fs;

nrd;Nwhk;.

57. In vain : tPzhfExample

He tried in vain to get first rank.

Kjy; Nuq;f;ifg; ngWtjw;F tPzhf Kaw;rp nra;jhd;..

58. In a moment: kpfkpff; FWfpa fhyj;jpy; xU fzj;jpy;

Example


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In a moment, there was an utter silence when he entered the house.

mtd; tPl;bw;Fs; Eioe;jNghJ mq;Nf xUfzj;jpy; xU KOikahd

mikjpahdJ..

59. Ins and outs: KOikahd ttuqfs;

Example

He knows the ins and outs of this subject.

mtd; ,e;jg; ghlj;jpd; KOikahd tpguq;fis mwpfpwhd;.

60. In the nick of the time: kpfr; rupahd Neuj;jpy; filrp Neuj;jpy;Example

He disclosed all the facts in the nick of the time.

kpfr;rupahd (filrp) Neuj;jpy; mtd; vy;yh cz;ikfisAk;

ntspapl;lhd; (ntspg;gLj;jpdhd;).

61. Little by little: rpwpJ rpwpjhfExample

Little by little he earned a lot of money.

rpwpJ rpwpjhf mtd; Vuhskhd gzj;ijr; rk;ghjpj;jhd;.

62. On the whole: nkhj;jj;jpy;


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Example

On the whole he has done a very good business.

Nkhj;jj;jpy; mtd; xU ey;y njhopiyr; nra;jpUf;fpwhd;.

63.To and Fro: Kd;Dk; gpd;Dk;Example

He walked to and fro on the platform.

gpdhl;ghuj;jpy; mtdl Kd;Dk; gpd;Dk; (mq;Fkpq;Fk;) ele;jhd;.

64. One by one : xt;nthdwhfExample

Please read these sentences one by one.

jaTnra;J ,e;j thf;fpaq;fis xt;nthd;whf thrp.

65. All of a sudden: jpBnudWExample

All of a sudden the police came to the house and arrested the two persons.

jpBnud;W NghyP]; me;j tPl;bw;F te;J ,uz;L egHgis ifJ nra;jJ..

66.At the most: mjpfg;gl;rk; (kpff; $ba gl;rk;)

Example


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At the most I can help the poor man by giving Rs.100/=

&gha; 100 nfhLg;gjpd; %yk; mjpfg;gl;rk; ehd; me;j Vio kdpjDf;F

cjtp nra;a KbAk;.

67.At any rate or At any cost : ve;j tpjj;jpYk;, vg;gbggl;lhfpYk;

Example

I can pass the examination with good marks at any cost.

vg;gbg;gl;lhfpYk; ey;y kjpg;ngz;fSld; ehd; NjHtpy; ntw;wp ngw

KbAk;.

68.At once: cldbahfExample

You should do the work at once.

eP me;j Ntiyia cldbahfr; nra;a Ntz;Lk;.

69. At a stretch xNuabahf xNu %r;rpy;Example

At a stretch you cannot finish all the pending jobs.

vy;yh epYitapYs;s Ntiyfis ePxNuabahf (epWj;jhky;) nra;a

KbahJ.

70. At last filrpayExample

He confessed his mistakes at last.


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mtd; filrpapy; mtdJ jtWfis xj;Jf; nfhz;lhd;.

71.As well as: kl;LkyyhJ (NkYk;)Example

Raman is a doctor as well as a very good business man.

uhkd; xU lhf;lH kl;Lky;yhJ xU kpfr; rpwe;j tpahghupahfTk;

,Uf;fpwhd;.

72. At the top of: cauj;jpy;Example

He is at the top of name and fame.

mtd; ngUk;Gfopd; cr;rpapy; ,Uf;fpwhd;.

73.By the way of: %ykhfExample

I told him this matter by way of joke.ehd; mtDf;F ,e;j tp\aj;ij eifr;Ritahfr; nrhd;Ndd;.

74.Day by day: xtnthU ehSk;Example

The Prices are increasing higher day after day.

tpiythrpfs; xt;nthU ehSk; caHe;J nfhz;NlapUf;fpd;wd.

75.For a while: nfhQ;r Neuk;Example

He took some rest for a while after doing a hard work.


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xU fbd Ntiy nra;jgpwF mtd; nfhQ;rNeuk; nfhQ;rk; Xa;T

vLj;jhd;.

76. From head to foot: jiy Kjy; fhy; tiuExample

He looked at the stranger from head to foot.

mtd; me;j me;epaiuj; jiy Kjy; ghjk; tiu cw;W Nehf;fpdhd;.

77.For want of: ,y;yhikahy (,y;yhik vdw fhuzj;jhy;)Example

For want of money, he could not continue his studies further.

Gzkpy;yhikapd; fhuzj;jhy; mtd; mtdJ gbg;ig NkYk; njhly

Kbe;jjpy;iy.

78.For the sake of: fhuzj;jpw;fhf (f;fhf)Example

He died fighting for the sake of his country.

mtdJ ehl;bw;fhfr; rz;ilapl;L(f;nfhz;Nl) ,we;jhd;.

79.For the purpose of: fhuzj;jpw;fhfExample

He went to Dubai for purpose of earning a lot of money in a short period.


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Fiwe;j fhyj;jpy; Vuhskhd gzj;ijr; rk;ghjpf;Fk; fhuzj;jpw;fhf

mtd; Jgha; nrd;whd;.

80. In a short span of time: FWfpa fhy ,ilntspay;Example

He cannot finish the work in a short span of time.

FWfpa fhy ,ilntspapy; mtd; me;j Ntiyia Kbf;f KbahJ.

81.From far and wide: vy;yh ,lq;fspypUe;Jk;Example

People came from far and wide to see the beautiful building.

me;j mofpa fl;llj;ij ghHf;f vy;yh ,lq;fspypUe;Jk; kf;fs; te;jhHfs;.

82.At ,y; msty;Example

At first -- Kjypy;

At 8 Oclock ---vl;L kzp mstpy;

At Mela Kadayanallur -- Nkyf;fila ey;Yhhpy;

Note: We have to use the Word At to denote for Time and Small Places.

Neuj;ij- rpwpa ,lq;fisf; Fwpg;gjw;F ehk; " At" vd;s thHj;ijiag;

gad; gLj;j Ntz;Lk;.


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83. Of: cila gw;wp ,dExample

Leg of the chair -- me;j ehw;fhypapd; (cila) fhy;

Capital of Tamil Nadu --jkpo;ehl;bd;(cila) jiyefH

Of his life --mtdJ tho;f;ifiag; gw;wp

At the end of the Meeting --$l;lj;jpd; (cila) ,Wjpapy;

Novels of Shakespeare ---N\f;];gpahpd; ehty;fs;

84.But for: ,y;yhky; ,Ue;jpUe;jhy;Example

But for her help, he could not have studied well.mtSila cjtp ,y;yhky; ,Ue;jpUe;jhy; mtd; ed;whfg; gbj;jpUf;f

KbahJ.

85. Once upon a time xU fhyj;jpy;Example

Once upon a time in a forest, there lived a beautiful lady named Latha.

Yjh vd;w ngaUs;s xU mofhd ngz; xU fhyjpjpy; xU fhl;by;

(mq;Nf) tho;e;jhs;.


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86.By force of circumstance: o;epiyapd; fhuzkhfExample

By force of circumstance, I could not go to England, leaving my family

members.

vdJ FLk;g egHfis tpl;Ltpl;Lr; #o;epiyapd; fhuzkhf ehd;

,q;fpyhe;jpw;Fr; nry;y Kbe;jjpy;iy.

87.At large -Free -- ntspapy;-- Rje;jpukhfExample

The escaped prisoner is still at large.

me;jj; jg;gpNahba rpiwf;ifjp ,d;Dk; ntspapy; Rje;jpukhf ,Uf;fpwhd;.

88.By and large --nghJthfExample

By and large I like her conduct and characters.

nghJthf ehd; mtdJ elj;ijAk; Fzhjpraq;fisAk; tpUk;GfpNwd;.

89.As a last resort / in the last resort: - filrpg; GfyplkhfExample

As a last resort, he decided to sell his house to settle his debts.


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mtdJ fld;fis jPHg;gjw;F mtdJ tPl;il tpw;f filrpahf (filrpg;

Gfyplkhf) mtd; jPHkhdpj;jhd;.

90. Out of Question: impossible -- KbahjJExample

His efforts to go to Dubai are now out of question.

Jgha;f;Fg; Nghtjw;fhd mtdJ Kaw;rpfs; ,g;Nghijf;F Kbahjjhf

,Uf;fpd;wd.

91.On the way to : NghFk; topay;Example

I met my friend on the way to Calcutta.

fy;fj;jh NghFk; topapy; vdJ ez;gid ehd; re;jpj;Njd;.

92.In the middle of: eLtpy; (kj;jpapy;)Example

The employees were standing in the middle of the road and demanding their

rights.

Me;jj; njhopyhspfs; Nuhl;bd; kj;jpapy; epd;Wnfhz;L mtHfsJ

chpikfis chpikAld; Nfl;Lf;nfhz;L ,Ue;jhHfs;.

93.Off and on: mt;tgNghJ (tl;L tpl;L)Example

It rained off and on.


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Kio mt;tg;NghJ nga;jJ.

94.At the eleventh hour: filrp Neuj;jpy;Example

He was studying his lessons at the eleventh hour.

mtd; filrp Neuj;jpy; mtdJ ghlq;fisg; gbj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhd;.

95. Past time nghOJNghf;FExample

Reading novels is his past time.

ehty;fs; gbg;gJ mtdJ nghOJNghf;fhf ,Uf;fpwJ.

96.On the other hand: khwhf

Example

He had not helped me even though I was in need of money in my rainy time

but on the other hand I am helping him at his rainy days.

vdJ f\;l fhyj;jpy; ehd; gzk; NjitAs;stdhf ,Ue;jNghjpYk;$l

mtd; vdf;F cjtp nra;jpUe;jjpy;iy. Mdhy; khwhf ehd; mtdJ

f\;l ehl;fspy; cjtp nra;J nfhz;L ,Uf;fpNwd;.


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97.Once in a blue moon: mG+Htkhf

Example

He comes to house to visit my parents once in a blue moon.

mG+Htkhf mtd; vdJ ngw;NwhHfisg; ghHitapl vdJ tPl;bw;F

tUfpwhd;.

98.In Cold blood: ,uf;fk;--fUizapy;yhky; --nfh^ukhfExample

Sometimes one of friends behaves with others in cold blood.

Rpy Neuq;fspy; vdJ ez;gHfspy; xUtd; kw;wtHfsplk; nfh^ukhf

fUizapy;yhky; elf;fpwhd; (ele;J nfhs;fpwhd;).

99.In the event that: ,Ug;gpd;Example

In the event that you do not pay the money in right time, your credit facility

will be stopped without any notice.

Rhpahd Neuj;jpy; me;jg; gzj;ijr; nrYj;jhtpby; (nrYj;jhkypUg;gpd;)

cq;fsJ fld; nrsfhpak; ve;jtpj mwpFiuAkpy;yhky; epWj;jg;gLk;.


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100.Off: Cancelled/ delayed ---- ujJ nraaggl;LExample

The proposed meeting is off.

me;jj; jPHkhdpf;fg;gl;l $l;lk; uj;Jr; nra;ag;gl;bUf;fpwJ.

101. Pros and cons. rhjf ghjfq;fs; -- ed;ik jPikfs;Example

You have to consider the pros and cons before taking any decision in any

problems.

ve;jnthU gpur;ridapYk; xU KbT vLg;gjw;F Kd;ghf ePq;fs; mjd;

rhjf ghjfq;fisf; ftdj;jpw;F vLf;f Ntz;bapUf;fpwJ (Ntz;Lk;).

102.As usual: tof;fk;Nghy;Example

He is late to office as usual.

mtd; tof;fk; Nghy; MgPRf;Fj; jhkjkhfp ,Uf;fpwhd;.

103. Through and through: KOikahf

Example

He is an honest person through and through.


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mtd; KOikahf xU NeHikahd kdpjdhf ,Uf;fpwhd;.

104. Through: topahfExample

I saw the person walking in the street through the window.

[d;dy; topahf njUtpy; ele;J nfhz;bUe;j me;j egiug; ghHj;Njd;.

105. Whereas: khwhf (mNj rkaj;jpy;)Example

Some people like fatty meat whereas others hate it.

rpy kf;fs; nfhOg;Gs;s ,iwr;rpia tpUk;Gfpd;wdH khwhf mNj

rkaj;jpy; kw;wtHfs; mij ntWf;fpwhHfs;.

106. To the extent of: - mej msTfFExample

He has come to the extent of criticizing me in the presence of others.

kw;wtHfspd; Kd;dpiyapy; vd;id tpkHrdk; nra;AksTf;F mtd;

te;jpUf;fpwhd;.

107. At the outset Kjypy; Muk;gj;jpy;Example

At the outset, he thanked you very much for your help.

Kjypy; mtd; cd;Dila cjtpf;fhf kpfTk; ed;wp $wpdhd;.


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108. As of : from -- ,Ue;JExample

As of today, you have been appointed as a Manager of this company.

,d;iwapypUe;J ePq;fs;,e;jf; fk;ngdpapd; Nkyhsuhf epakpf;fg;gl;L ,Uf;fpwPHfs;.

109. In the presence of: Kd;dpiyapy;Example

I want to say some thing about my history in the presence of you.

cq;fsJ Kd;dpiyapy; vdJ tuyhw;iwg; gw;wp rpytw;iw ehd; nrhy;y

tpUk;GfpNwd;.

110. As a consequence of: tpisthfExample

As a consequence of the recent budget, the prices have gone up at all levels.

jw;Nghija gl;n[l;bd; tpisthf vy;yh epiyfspYk; tpiythrpfs;

caHe;J ,Uf;fpd;wd.

These are some important words which we use in our sentences in our daily life.

At first you have to join and complete the preliminary course which will take you join intermediate

course.


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SENTENCEthf;fpak;

What is a sentence ?

thf;fpak; vd;why; vd;d?

A sentence is a group of words which gives a complete sense.

xU KOikahd mHj;jj;ijf; nfhLf;fpd;w thHj;ijfspd; njhFg;Ng

thf;fpakhFk;;.

Example:

1.Raman went to school.

uhkd; gs;spf;Fr; nrd;whd;..

2.Raman did not eat a mango.

uhkd; xU khk;goj;ijr; rhg;gpltpy;iy.

3.Do they read news papers?.

mtHfs; nra;jpj; jhs;fis thrpf;fpwhHfsh?

4.Where did they buy a book?

mtHfs; vq;Nf xU Gj;jfj;ij thq;fpdhHfs;?

5.Go to school and study.

gs;spf;Fr; nrd;W gb.


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6.Do not talk in the class room.

tFg;giwapy; NgrhNj.

7.Please help me to lift the box.

,e;jg; ngl;bia caHj;j (Jhf;f) vdf;F cjtp nra;.

8.What a picture !

vd;dnjhU glk; !

9.What a cruel king he is !vd;dnthU nfh^ukhd murdhf mtd; ,Uf;fpwhd;!

10.How beautifully she danced!

vt;tsT mofhf mts; Mbdhs;!

The above each and every sentence has a group of words. At the same

time, each sentence gives a complete sense.

NkNy cs;s xt;nthU thf;fpaKk; thHj;ijfspd; njhFjpiag;

ngw;Ws;sd. mNj rkaj;jpy; xt;nthU thf;fpaKk; xU KOikahd

mHj;jj;ijf; nfhLf;fpwJ.


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Kinds of Sentence

thf;fpaj;jpd; tiffs;There are four kinds of sentence. These are as follows.

thf;fpak; ehd;F tifg;gLk;. mitfs; tUkhW:

1.Assertive Sentence ----- nra;jp thf;fpak;

2.Interrogative Sentence ---Nfs;tp thf;fpak;

3.Imperative Sentence --- fl;lis thf;fpak;

4.Exclamatory Sentence.Mr;rhpa thf;fpak; (tpag;G thf;fpak;)

1.Assertive Sentence: nra;jp thf;fpak;A Sentence which gives an affirmative or a negative sense is called an

Assertive Sentence.

xU cld;ghlhd my;yJ xU vjpHkiwahd fUj;ijf; nfhLf;fpd;w xU

thf;fpak;nra;jp thf;fpak; vdmiof;fg;gLfpwJ.

Example.

1.Raman eats an apple.

uhkd; xU Mg;gpisr; rhg;gpLfpwhd;.


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2.Kamala has gone to Madras.

fkyh nrd;idf;Fr; nrd;wpUf;fpwhs;.

3.Rahim had seen a picture.

u`Pk; xU glj;ijg; ghHj;jpUe;jhd;.

4.The teacher teaches grammar.

me;j MrphpaH ,yf;fzj;ijf; fw;gpf;fpwhH.

5.Gopal does not write a letter.

Nfhghy; xU fbjj;ij vOJfpwjpy;iy.

6.Rahul will not fight with his brother.

uhFy; mtDila rNfhjuDld; rz;ilaplkhl;lhd;.

7.Rahim has not gone to Singapore.

u`Pk; rpq;fg;G+H NghapUf;fpwjpy;iy.

8.I do not want to harm others.

kw;wtHfis Jd;GWj;Jtjw;F ehd; tpUk;Gfpwjpy;iy.

Please note that the above sentences are giving affirmative and negative

senses.

NkNy cs;s thf;fpaq;fs; cld;ghlhd vjpHkiwahd mHj;jqfisf;nfhLj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wd vdgij jaTnraJ ftdf;fTk;.


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An assertive sentence is divided into two types namely 1. Affirmative

Sentence and 2. Negative Sentence.

xU nra;jp thf;fpak; ,uz;lhfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpwJ. mjhtJ

1. cld;ghl;L thf;fpak; 2. vjpHkiw thf;fpak;

1.Affirmative Sentence: cld;ghl;L thf;fpak;A Sentence which gives an affirmative sense is called an Affirmative

Sentence.xU cld;ghlhd mHj;jj;ijf; nfhLf;fpd;w xU thf;fpak; cld;ghl;L

thf;fpak; vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ.

Example.

1.Raman eats an apple.

uhkd; xU Mg;gpisr; rhg;gpLfpwhd;.

2.Kamala has gone to Madras.

Fkyh nrd;idf;Fg; NghapUf;fpwhs;.

3.Rahim had seen a picture.

u`Pk; xU glj;ijg; ghHj;jpUe;jhd;.

4.The teacher teaches grammar.

me;j MrphpaH ,yf;fzk; fw;gpf;fpwhH.


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2.Negative Sentence - vjpHkiw thf;fpak;A sentence which gives a negative sense is called a negative sentence

xU vjpHkiwahd fUj;ijf; nfhLf;fpd;w xU thf;fpak; vjpHkiw

thf;fpak; vd;wiof;fg;gLfpwJ.

Example

1.Gopal does not write a letter.

Nfhghy; xU fbjj;ij vOJfpwjpy;iy.

2.Rahul will not fight with his brother.

uhFy; mtDila rNfhjuDld; rz;ilapl khl;lhd;.

3.Rahim has not gone to Singapore.u`Pk; rpq;fg;G+Uf;Fr; nrd;wpUf;fpwjpy;iy.

4.I do not want to harm others.

kw;wtHfisj; Jd;GWj;j ehd; tpUk;Gfpwjpy;iy.


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2.Interrogative Sentence Nfs;tp thf;fpak;A sentence which gives a sense of asking or questioning is called an

Interrogative sentence.

Nfs;tp Nfl;fg;gLfpd;w mHj;jj;ijj; jUfpd;w xU thf;fpak; xU Nfs;tp

thf;fpak; vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ.

Example

1.What do you want ?

eP vd;d tpUk;Gfpwha;?

2.Where did you go yesterday?

New;W eP vq;Nf Nghdha;?

3.How are You ?

eP vg;gb ,Uf;fpwha;?

4. How old are you ?

eP vj;jid tajhf ,Uf;fpwha;? cdf;F vj;jid taJ?

5.Who are you?

eP ahuhf ,Uf;fpwha;? (ePahH?).


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6. What is your father?

cd;Dila mg;gh vd;dthf ,Uf;fpwhH?cd; mg;gh vd;d nra;fpwhH?

7. Have you finished your work?eP cdJ Ntiyia Kbj;J ,Uf;fpwhah?

8.Will you meet me in Madras ?

nrd;idapy; ePvd;idr; re;jpg;ghah?

9. Are you happy in doing this work ?.

,e;j Ntiyiar; nra;tjpy; ePre;Njh\khf ,Uf;fpwhah?

10. Will you help me ?

eP vdf;F cjtp nra;thah?

11. Did you study these subjects?

,e;jg; ghlq;fis eP gbj;jhah?

12. May I come in ?

ehd; cs;Ns tuyhkh?


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An Interrogative sentence is divided into two types

namely 1.Specific Type and Yes or No Type

xU Nfs;tp thf;fpak; ,uz;lhfg; gphpf;fg;gLfpwJ. mjhtJ

1.KOikahd gjpiyj; jUk; Nfs;tp thf;fpak;

2.Mk; my;yJ ,y;iy vd;w gjpiyj; jUk; Nfs;tp thf;fpak;.

.

1. Interrogative Sentence under Specific Type

KOikahd gjpiyj; jUk ; Nfs;tp thf;fpak;

An interrogative sentence which gives a specific or full answer type is called

An Interrogative sentence under Specific Type

KOikahd gjpiyj; jUfpd;w xU Nfs;tp thf;fpak; xU KO gjpypd; fPo;

cs;s Nfs;tp thf;fpak; vd miof;fg; gLfpwJ.

Examples

1. What do you want?

eP vd;d tpUk;Gfpwha;?

2.Where did you go yesterday?

eP New;W vq;F nrd;wha;?

3.How are You ?

eP vt;thW ,Uf;fpwha;?


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4. How old are you ?

cdf;F vj;jid taJ? (ePvj;jid taJs;stdhf ,Uf;fpwha;?)

5.Who are you?eP ahH? ( eP ahuhf ,Uf;fpwha;?)

6. What is your father?

cdJ mg;;gh vd;dthf ,Uf;fpwhH?

2. Interrogative Sentence under Yes or No Type

Mk; my;yJ ,y;iy vd;w gjpiyj; jUk; Nfs;tpthf;fpak;

An interrogative sentence which gives a Yes or No answer type is called An

Interrogative sentence under Yes or No Type

Mk; my;yJ ,y;iy vd;w gjpiyj; jUk; xU Nfs;tp thf;fpak; Mk;

my;yJ ,y;iy vd;gjpd;fPo; cs;s Nfs;tp thf;fpak; vd miof;fg;

gLfpwJ.

Examples:

1. Have you finished your work?

eP cd;Dila Ntiyia Kbj;jpUf;fpwhah?

2.Will you meet me in Madras ?

eP vd;idr; nrd;idapy; re;jpg;ghah?


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3. Are you happy in doing this work ?.

,e;j Ntiyiar; nra;tjpy; ePkfpo;r;rp milfpwhah?

4. Will you help me ?eP vdf;F cjtp nra;thah?

5. Did you study these subjects?

,e;jg; ghlq;fisg; gbj;Jtpl;lhah?

6. May I come in ?

ehd; cs;Ns tuyhkh?

3. Imperative Sentence fl;lis thf;fpak;A sentence which expresses a command or an entreaty is called an

imperative sentence.

xU fl;lis my;yJ Ntz;LNfhis ntspg;gLj;Jfpw xU thf;fpak;

fl;lis thf;fpak; vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ..

Examples

1.Do what I say.

ehd; nrhy;tijr; nra;.


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2.Do not go to Madras.

nrd;idf;Fg; NghfhNj.

3.Obey my instructions.

vd;Dila epge;jidfSf;Ff; fl;Lg;gL.

4.Go to shop and buy a book.

filf;Fg; Ngha; xU Gj;jfk; thq;F.

5.Go to shop to buy a book.

xU Gj;jfk; thq;Ftjw;Ff; filf;Fg; Ngh.

6.Please follow my ways.

jaTnra;J vd;Dila topfisg; gpd;gw;W.

7.Please advise him so that he can correct himself.

mtd; jd;idj;jhNd jpUj;jpf;nfhs;s KbAnkd;gjw;fhf jaTnra;J

mtDf;F mwpTiu nrhy;..

8.Please treat him in a good manner.

mtid ey;yKiwapy; ftdp.

9.Please hear my advice and then do your work.

jaTnra;J vd;Dila mwpTiufisf; Nfl;L gpwF cd;Dila

Ntiyiar; nra;.

10. Please try to understand our situation.

jaTnra;J ek;Kila epiyiag; Ghpe;Jnfhs;s Kaw;rp nra;.


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4. Exclamatory Sentence Mr;rupa tpag;G)thf;fpak;

A sentence which expresses the feeling of mind such as joys and sorrows is

called an exclamatory sentence.

mfpo;r;rp Jf;fk; Nghd;w kdjpd; czHr;rpia ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;w xUthf;fpak; tpag;G thf;fpak; vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ..

Example

1.What a picture it is !

vd;d xU glk;!

2.What a sad news !

vd;d xU tUj;jkhd nra;jp!

3. Hurrah ! we have won the match.

`_u;Nu! ehk; me;jg; Nghl;bapy; n[apj;Jtpl;Nlhk;.

4.Alas ! the leader was dead.

flTNs! me;jj; jiytH ,we;J tpl;lhH.


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5.How beautifully she dances !

vd;d mofhf mts; ehl;bakhLfpwhs;!

Note : We can learn more about sentence when we are going to study

Direct and Indirect Speech.

thf;fpaq;fisg;gw;wp ,d;Dk; mjpfkhf ehk; NeH$w;W kw;Wk; maw;$w;W

gw;wpg; gbf;Fk;NghJ njupe;J nfhs;sKbAk;.

Note: Please send your comments how you have felt on going

through this first Email English Grammar Course.

This we have given here is only model lessons.

Dont delay in joining this preliminary course which is the basis for all other courses (Intermediate and

Advanced Course)

We are not directly teaching courses of Intermediate and Advanced level. Because all courses are inter

related.

You had better join the course one by one so that you can understand English in a right way.

We wish you learn English without mistake.

Regards

Ismail N.Bhava


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ist royal email english course-model.10485516

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