islamic 3rd module part 3

7/31/2019 ISLAMIC 3rd Module Part 3

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ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE IN

INDIA

PROVINCIAL STYLE


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CHARMINAR

PROVINCIAL STYLE IN DECCAN


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Charminar, Hyderabad

Monumental structureerected in 1591, as a formof triumphal archway.

The square plan measures100 ft side.

The minars at each cornerare each 180ft in height.

Ground storey consists offour spreading archways,one in each side and each

of 36 ft span.


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Over the groundstorey rises a series ofdiminishing storiesbeginning with a

substantial arcadedtriforium and a smallerarcade and abalustrade above.

The minarets soarskywards by 24metres from the roof ofCharminar.


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Each minaret has fourstoreys, each lookinglike a delicately carvedring around the minaret.

There is certainaesthetic excellence inthe conception of thisgrand archway

It has strength withoutbeing aggressive

This structure isbelieved to be theleading example of the

style.


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TOMBS OF GOLCONDA

PROVINCIAL STYLE IN DECCAN


7/34 Tomb of Sultan Quli Qutb ul Mulk


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Tomb of Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah

Ruler II of Qutb Shahi Dynasty


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Tomb of Subhan Quli Qutb Shah

Ruler III of Qutb Shahi Dynasty


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Tomb of Ibrahim Quli Qutb Shah

Ruler IV of Qutb Shahi Dynasty


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Tomb of Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah

Ruler V of Qutb Shahi Dynasty and Founder of Hyderabad City


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Tomb of Muhammad Qutb Shah

Ruler VI of Qutb Shahi Dynasty


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Tomb of Hayath Bakshi Begum

Daughter of Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah


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SEVEN ROYAL TOMBS OF GOLCONDA

All these Qutb Shahi tombs are of much the same type of

design, which is based on the Bahmani tombs at Bidar, butwith the addition of many architectural and decorativeelements chiefly of a florid order.

Much of the ornament is in stucco of a meretricious kind.

Some of the tombs are in two stories the lower portion being

extended by means of an arcaded verandah and certaineffectiveness is obtained by cornices projected on brackets.


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SEVEN ROYAL TOMBS OF GOLCONDA

In the interior, owing to the size and especially the

increased height of the dome it was found necessary

to cover over the mortuary chamber at a suitableheight with a curved ceiling, leaving the interior of

the dome above as a great unused void, a structural

system not exactly of double doming.


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Major features are;

Richly moulded fanciful pinnacles

Flimsy battlements

Full-blown bulbous shaped dome

Cornices projected on brackets

Covered mortuary chamber

Arcaded verandah in case of stories.


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JAMI MASJID

PROVINCIAL STYLE IN BIJAPUR


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Jami Masjid, Bijapur

Plan forms a rectangle of 450ft by

225ft

The courtyard is a square of 155ft is

contained on 3 sides by a range of

arches, seven on each side

The interior of the sanctuary isimpressive, large hall of 208 ft by

107 ft divided into five aisles

The nave is square of 76ft diameter

and contained within it 12 arches, 3

on each side.

These arches intersect at the top to

form an octagonal cornice for the

support of the base of the dome.


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GOLGUMBAZ

PROVINCIAL STYLE IN BIJAPUR


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GolGumbaz, Bijapur

Gol Gumbaz, literally means the round dome, isthe tomb of Mohammed Adil Shah (1627-56 AD),the 7th ruler of this dynasty.

Gol Gumbaz is one of the biggest singlechamber structures in the world.

It was build over a floor area of 1700 sq m with aheight of 51 m and diameter of 37 m

The central dome of Gol Gumbaz does not reston any pillar and is second to the dome of StPeters Basilica, Rome in size.


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GolGumbaz, Bijapur

The unique feature ofthe tomb is itsacoustic quality. Asound echoes 11times over and can beheard at a distance 37km.

The mausoleum ispart of a biggercomplex that includesa mosque, a

dharamshala (inn) andother buildin s.


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GolGumbaz, Bijapur


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GolGumbaz, Bijapur

the tomb is a plain square block with towers on eachcorner.

The tomb is built of dark gray basalt and decorated

plasterwork. The walls are 3 m thick and 30.5 m in height. The measurement from the interior is 41m on each

side.

Each exterior face of the structure displays threegreat blind arches. The central arch is wider than theothers and is dressed with wooden panels with smallrectangular entrance and three rows of archedwindows punched through.


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GolGumbaz, Bijapur

The south door is the mainentrance to the tomb.

A bijli patthar (meteorite) issuspended by a chain from thecornice.

It is said to have fallen during

Muhammad Adil's reign and isbelieved to guard the tombfrom lighting.

The cornice and parapet of thebuilding is the most distinctcharacteristic of the faade.

The cornice rests on highly

carved stone corbels thatproject to about 3 m from thewall. The cornice supports theparapet, which has a row ofarched openings and leaf-shaped walls.


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GolGumbaz, Bijapur

The mausoleum is topped by amonumental dome. The base ofthe dome is carved with elegantpetals that cover the drum. Thediameter of the dome fromoutside is almost 44 m andattains the height of 27.4 m

from a circular platform. The total height of the dome

from ground level up to the topfrom outside is 60 m.

Width of square side =height ofthe building=100ft

The dome rests on the systemof pendentive, which is asystem of intersecting arches.


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GolGumbaz, Bijapur

The eight high pointed archesbisect in the interior of the cubeat regular intervals. The highcircular platform with anopening of 29.5 m in diameterrests on their point.

The interior of the domeconverges with the edge of thecircle by about 4 m so that partof the weight falls on theintersecting arches that bearand neutralize any otherexterior forces.


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GolGumbaz, Bijapur

The dome is built of horizontalrows of brick with a flatsection at its crest. It iscemented with lime andacquires a thickness of 3.5 m.

There are six openings at itsbase.

The corner towers areinharmonious with the rest ofthe mausoleum. They aredivided into seven floors witha projecting cornice and a rowof arched openings markingeach level. The towers give the

look of Chinese pagoda ratherthan the minarets.

Each tower is crowned by ahemispheric dome with a ringof carved leaves around itsbase.


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GolGumbaz, Bijapur

The cenotaphs of theMohammad Adil, his twowives, his mistress Rambha,his daughter and grandsonare in the center of the tomb.The primary cenotaph is made

of wooden canopy. The realgraves are in the basement,which can be accessed by astaircase below the entranceon the west.

A very strong circular

foundation was discovered inthe basement that resembledthe circular opening of thedome above. But thisfoundation supports only aplatform and a light woodenpavilion.


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GolGumbaz, Bijapur

The gallery around the base ofthe dome of the mausoleumpossesses an interesting featurethat it hangs out about 3.54 m.and is accessed through thewinding staircase in the four

towers. It is known as the whispering

gallery because the soundreflections from the dome allowthe slightest of whisper to beheard even when standingacross the dome from eachother.

islamic 3rd module part 3

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