islam today: key terms islam: the name of the religion followed by muslims. means peace and...
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Islam Today: Key terms• Islam: The name of the
religion followed by Muslims. Means Peace and submission to God
• Muslim: The people who follow the religion of Islam
• Allah: The Arabic word for God
• Arabic: The language the Qur’an is written in.
• Mosque: Islamic Holy building• Ummah: The community or
family of Muslims world wide.• Makkah: Holy city
Beliefs about:Allah: Muslims believe in only one God. He is neither male nor female. Allah is a force, so cannot be drawn.Prophets: Messengers from God. Muslims believe that Moses from Judaism, and Jesus from Christianity were very important people and were sent by God.Muhammad (PBUH): The last and most important prophet in Islam. Sent by God to bring the Qur’an to the world (Peace Be Upon Him is a sign of respect)
Pillar Meaning How it affects the community
Shahadah Declaration of Faith in Allah
All same religion. Believing the same thing. All promise belief in Allah. All say there is no other God. Makes them become one: same thoughts and feelings about Allah
Salah Praying five times a day
All pray at the same time and often can be in the same place.
Sawm Fasting in the month of Ramadan. No eating, drinking or smoking, during daylight
Makes them selfless. Makes them remember parts of the community without food. Everyone knows what it feels like to be hungry. May encourage people to give more to the rest of the community. Party at the end to share with others.
Zakah Charity. Give a part of their earnings to the poor. (2.5% of spare income)
Makes the poor people feel valued and part of the community. It Keeps people alive and generally helps the poor in the community.
Hajj Pilgrimage to Makkah. This is a special religious journey.
All have the SAME status as Allah's servants. They all wear same white clothes. Can't tell who's rich or poor
Holy Book
Allah
last final
Muhammad (PBUH)
praying cave
wash hands
Highest shelf
Qur’an respect
The Qur’an
How it is treated:• 1) Wash • 2) Highest shelf in the
room• 3) On a stand• 4) wrapped upWith respect
Why:• 1) Keep it clean, symbol of
being clean inside and being without sin
• 2) Allah and his words are the most important. Symbol of nothing being higher than God
• 3) So that it doesn't get dirty
• 4) Keep it clean and protect the words of God
Word of Allah
Interpreting the Qur’anTeaching from the Qur’an Possible meaning Way to follow it
"And tell the believing women to draw their headcovers over their chests and not to display their adornment” Surah 24
Don't show any beautiful part of your body to men
• Wear a headscarf. • Wear a burqa and
have whole body and face covered .
• Dress in modest ways that don't show certain parts of the body.
"You may eat and drink until the white thread of light becomes distinguishable from the dark thread of night at dawn. Then you shall fast until sunset" Surah 2:187
When the sun goes down, then Muslims can eat
Sawm: fast in the month of Ramadan. No eating in daylight hours
"Righteous are those who give money �cheerfully, to the relatives, the orphans, the needy, the traveling alien and the beggars. Surah 2:177
Good people give money to poor people, and they don't care whether they come from other countries
Zakah: Give part of earnings to poor people (2.5% of spare income)
Jewish response to the Holocaust
The Old Testament shows Abraham making a covenant (deal/promise/contract) with God:
Abraham is the father/founder of Judaism. The covenant was a deal made between Abraham and God. God promised Abraham many descendants, a land (Israel) and to always look after the Jews.
Jewish response to the Holocaust: Key words/ideas
Anti-Semitism Hatred of JewsGhetto Poor parts of the city where the Jews were
forced to liveScapegoat Being blamed for something that was
nothing to do with youPropaganda Media used to spread hateful liesFinal Solution The plan to murder all the Jews in EuropeShabbat Jewish Holy Day. A day of rest. No working
from sundown Friday to sundown Saturday.Synagogue Jewish Holy Building
Kosher Rules Food rules: Dairy and meat could not be mixed in a meal, only certain animals, killed in certain ways, could be eaten.
Jewish Mother She had the role of passing on her religion to her children. She would clean the house for Shabbat, and would prepare the Shabbat meal according to Kosher Rules
Religious Clothing Prayer Robes (Talits) and skull caps (kippahs) are special clothing worn in the synagogue and Jews are usually buried in their religious clothing
Death Rituals When a Jew dies, they are usually washed and buried in their religious clothing within 24 hours. A special ceremony is often part of the washing.
Anti-Semitism and propaganda• Before WW2 Hitler introduced a series of laws which
encouraged people to stop associating with the Jews, and made life unpleasant for them. These laws included:– Jews being unable to go into public parks– It being against the law for a Jew to be in a relationship with a non-
Jew– Jews couldn’t own land, property or money
These were the Nuremberg Laws. There had been anti-Semitism for years: from the days of Christianity when some Jewish people were blamed for the death of Jesus, to more recent events.• After WW1 the Germans used the Jews as a scapegoat and
blamed them for the country being poor and for losing WW1Propaganda: The Nazis published posters full of lies that made the Germans turn on the Jews
Shabbat A holy day of rest. From Friday sunset to Saturday sunset.
She passes on the religion to the children. She prepares the house for Shabbat. She welcomes in Shabbat.
Jewish mother
These are strict food laws.Kosher rules The Jews were starving so would have to eat
what they were given. The Nazis would not have bothered with following the rules.
She would be shot for passing on her religion. There were many people in one household so she wouldn't be able to organise Shabbat celebrations. She's have nothing to prepare the Shabbat meal with.
The Jews would have been forced to work for the Nazis so couldn't rest. They would have no synagogue to go to.
Death Dead bodies should be washed,dressed, put in a coffin and buried within 24 hours.
Religious clothing
Jewish men wear a Kippah (Skull cap) i8t is worn as a sign of respect for God. In the synagogue many Jewish men wear a tallit, a prayer robe.
Religious clothing would be taken from them. They would be killed immediately for wearing anything religious.
They wouldn’t be able to wash the bodies because there was no running water. Clothes would be taken from the dead bodies, they wouldn’t be able to have a funeral or bury the body within 24 hours.
Keeping faith and losing faith
Reasons to keep faith• Keeping religion was a
way of resisting (fighting back) the Nazis
• It keeps me strong to have something to believe in
• It wasn’t God doing this to us, it was people
• The Nazis wanted to get rid of all Jews, if we stop believing then it means the Nazis have won
Reasons to lose faith• We haven’t abandoned God,
He has abandoned us• Survival is more important
than religion; we needed to focus on that
• It was too risky; if we were found carrying out any Jewish rituals we would be shot
• We weren’t in an environment where we could carry out our duties and didn’t have any of the equipment necessary to carry out our Jewish duties (SEE JEWISH FAMILY LIFE)
The exam formata) Is always a question about a key word e.g. What is Shabbat ?
(so learn key words)b) Is always about your opinion e.g. Do you think religion
promotes peace? Give two reasons for your answer (so give evidence for your view)
c) Is always an explain question e.g. Explain why a lot of Jews gave up their faith in the concentration (you always need lots of examples/ teachings and be able to explain what these mean)
d) Always requires you to give your point of view on a statement and then the opposite point of view e.g. “Fasting during Ramadan is a good idea ”
i) Do you agree? Give reasons for your answerii) Gove reasons why other people would disagree with you (Make sure you give evidence for your opinion, and not just explain what your opinion is)