ISAM 5337 ISAM 5337 Website Project Website Project

College Tutoring Resource Center College Tutoring Resource Center

Website - Analysis, Architecture & Website - Analysis, Architecture & DesignDesign

Alan KorullaAlan Korulla

Brian SaiBrian Sai

Research Paper (Source)Research Paper (Source)

eLearn Magazine Volume 2005, Issue 8 (August 2005), Page 2 Tutorial: The basics of e-learning: an excerpt from Handbook of Human Factors in Web Design Lisa Neal, Diane Miller

Introduction (Analysis)Introduction (Analysis)

Distant Education provides a richer Distant Education provides a richer and more engaging educational and more engaging educational experience than a confined experience than a confined classroom.classroom.

It requires creativity and innovation It requires creativity and innovation Design and development of Internet-Design and development of Internet-

delivered materials, delivered materials, Use of delivery technologies, mainly Use of delivery technologies, mainly

because materials may have to stand because materials may have to stand alone.alone.

Definition of Distance Definition of Distance EducationEducation

Defined as:Defined as: education that takes place independent of education that takes place independent of

location, and location, and maymay be independent of time in be independent of time in contrast to education delivered solely in the contrast to education delivered solely in the classroom at a specific time.classroom at a specific time.

Other terms used: Computer based Other terms used: Computer based learning, online learning, Web-based learning, online learning, Web-based learning, and e-learning.learning, and e-learning.

Comparison to Traditional Comparison to Traditional EducationEducation

Lack of Physical Proximity.Lack of Physical Proximity. Reduced Team Building CapabilitiesReduced Team Building Capabilities Form of Delivery.Form of Delivery. Student Supervision.Student Supervision. More generalized approach as the More generalized approach as the

material is for a vast variety of people.material is for a vast variety of people.

Prospects of Distance Prospects of Distance EducationEducation

Predictions involve the slow demise of Predictions involve the slow demise of the classroom.the classroom.

However, it does not remove or However, it does not remove or eliminate the need for the classroom. eliminate the need for the classroom. (E-commerce/Stores, (E-commerce/Stores, Email/Telephones, IT/Paper).Email/Telephones, IT/Paper).

Popularity of Distance Popularity of Distance EducationEducation

Factors leading to popularity:Factors leading to popularity:

Cost:Cost: reduced expenses (transportation, reduced expenses (transportation, institutional) institutional)

Time Saving / Reduced Learner Fatigue:Time Saving / Reduced Learner Fatigue: e-learning provides greater flexibility to take a class e-learning provides greater flexibility to take a class

at optimal times for the learner based on at optimal times for the learner based on preferences or schedule constraints.preferences or schedule constraints.

Increased Accessibility:Increased Accessibility: provide more learning provide more learning opportunities to diverse students independent of opportunities to diverse students independent of location.location.

Increased access to experts:Increased access to experts: easy to offer a easy to offer a guest lecturer to a course / no travel needed.guest lecturer to a course / no travel needed.

Types of E-LearningTypes of E-Learning

Asynchronous e-LearningAsynchronous e-Learning includes any situation where learning is includes any situation where learning is

done independent of location done independent of location andand time. time.

Synchronous e-LearningSynchronous e-Learning involves real-time interaction and involves real-time interaction and

independent of location.independent of location.

Asynchronous Web-based Asynchronous Web-based TrainingTraining

Advantages:Advantages: online materials can be updated and also online materials can be updated and also

distributed more easily.distributed more easily. no time constraints. no time constraints. Wide variety of information available on the Wide variety of information available on the

internet during the learning process. internet during the learning process.

Disadvantages:Disadvantages: Interaction, need for Internet access, cost in Interaction, need for Internet access, cost in

development.development.

Technologies for Delivering Technologies for Delivering Asynchronous CoursesAsynchronous Courses

E-mail:E-mail: Act as a speedier version of the traditional correspondence Act as a speedier version of the traditional correspondence

course. Typically, used for teacher-student communication course. Typically, used for teacher-student communication and student-student exchange (group work).and student-student exchange (group work).

Discussion Forums:Discussion Forums: Provide a channel for discussion on specific course topics as Provide a channel for discussion on specific course topics as

well as informal exchanges carried out asynchronously over well as informal exchanges carried out asynchronously over time. time.

Responses can be grouped by the use of threaded Responses can be grouped by the use of threaded discussion forums. Extremely effective, increased discussion forums. Extremely effective, increased participation and learning is enhanced through discussions.participation and learning is enhanced through discussions.

Access to wide variety of Learning resources Access to wide variety of Learning resources including digital libraries.including digital libraries.

Synchronous Web-based Synchronous Web-based TrainingTraining

Advantage:Advantage: Real-time interaction, powerful methods of Real-time interaction, powerful methods of

delivery. delivery. Disadvantages:Disadvantages:

Higher over head costs mainly due to need Higher over head costs mainly due to need for more hardware and communication for more hardware and communication capabilities. Availability of this technology to capabilities. Availability of this technology to the wide variety of the students involved.the wide variety of the students involved.

May not be as structured like Asynchronous.May not be as structured like Asynchronous.

Technologies for Delivering Technologies for Delivering Synchronous CoursesSynchronous Courses

Audio conferencing:Audio conferencing: Uses the telephone or voice over Internet Uses the telephone or voice over Internet

protocol (VoIP).protocol (VoIP). Whiteboard:Whiteboard:

An electronic version of a dry-erase board.An electronic version of a dry-erase board. Instant Messaging (IM) and Text Instant Messaging (IM) and Text

ChatChat Virtual Worlds:Virtual Worlds: (demonstrations) (demonstrations) VideoconferencingVideoconferencing

Steps in Building an E-Learning Steps in Building an E-Learning Platform Platform

PlanningPlanning Design, Develop, and StructureDesign, Develop, and Structure Instructional DesignInstructional Design Usability PrinciplesUsability Principles Selection of MediaSelection of Media Testing and GradingTesting and Grading EvaluationEvaluation

PlanningPlanning

Amount of interaction Amount of interaction between instructor and student and also between instructor and student and also

between students.between students. Course delivery: Course delivery:

synchronous, asynchronous, self-paced, synchronous, asynchronous, self-paced, or a blended solution.or a blended solution.

Course style and components: Course style and components: lectures, discussion, and online materials lectures, discussion, and online materials

including projects, simulations, and tests.including projects, simulations, and tests.

Design, Develop, and Design, Develop, and Structure Online CoursesStructure Online Courses

Most instructional development Most instructional development evolves by trial and error.evolves by trial and error.

Focus should be onFocus should be on learninglearning not not technology.technology.

Distance education is almost always Distance education is almost always developed by teams.developed by teams.

Teacher may be developer and other Teacher may be developer and other people are involved in the delivery people are involved in the delivery process.process.

Types of People InvolvedTypes of People Involved Project managerProject manager

oversee planning, schedules, and purchasing.oversee planning, schedules, and purchasing. Subject matter expert Subject matter expert

determines and validates content.determines and validates content. Instructional designer Instructional designer

ensures that learning takes place.ensures that learning takes place. Graphic designer Graphic designer

uses authoring programs to implement uses authoring programs to implement instructional designer's ideas.instructional designer's ideas.

Programmer Programmer enters course content and builds interactive enters course content and builds interactive

exercises.exercises. Quality assurance specialistQuality assurance specialist

tests and evaluates.tests and evaluates.

Types of People InvolvedTypes of People Involved

Interface designer Interface designer determines look and feel to fit student needs.determines look and feel to fit student needs.

Multimedia developer Multimedia developer incorporates audio, video, and animation.incorporates audio, video, and animation.

Writer or editor Writer or editor creates text and verifies grammar and style.creates text and verifies grammar and style.

Web master Web master handles technical support and maintains handles technical support and maintains

hardware and network connections.hardware and network connections. Librarian Librarian

provides resources.provides resources.

Usability PrinciplesUsability Principles

Elements of usability: Easy to learn Elements of usability: Easy to learn and remember, reliable, user and remember, reliable, user satisfaction. satisfaction. ReadabilityReadability Ease of Navigation.Ease of Navigation. Progress Indicators & Feedback.Progress Indicators & Feedback. Frequent and meaningful student- Frequent and meaningful student-

instructor and student-student instructor and student-student interaction to facilitate a sense of course interaction to facilitate a sense of course community community

Testing and GradingTesting and Grading

Online Grading Tools can perform Online Grading Tools can perform calculations and help in the analysis of calculations and help in the analysis of performance and can also be exported performance and can also be exported to other applications.to other applications.

They can be automated but can also They can be automated but can also remain flexible.remain flexible.

Testing of participation can be done by Testing of participation can be done by evaluating the discussion forum logs.evaluating the discussion forum logs.

EvaluationEvaluation1.1. Use of technologyUse of technology - student familiarity, - student familiarity,

problems, positive aspects, attitude toward problems, positive aspects, attitude toward technology, usefulness, skills learnt.technology, usefulness, skills learnt.

2.2. Class formatsClass formats - effectiveness of - effectiveness of lecture/presentations, discussion, Q&A; quality lecture/presentations, discussion, Q&A; quality of questions or problems raised.of questions or problems raised.

3.3. Course contentCourse content - relevancy, adequate body of - relevancy, adequate body of knowledge, organization, pointers to supporting knowledge, organization, pointers to supporting resources.resources.

4.4. Assignments Assignments - usefulness, degree of difficulty - usefulness, degree of difficulty & time required, timeliness of feedback.& time required, timeliness of feedback.

5.5. Tests - Tests - frequency, relevancy, sufficient review, frequency, relevancy, sufficient review, difficulty, feedback difficulty, feedback

EvaluationEvaluation6.6. Support servicesSupport services - library, resources, - library, resources,

instructor responses.instructor responses.

7.7. Student attitudeStudent attitude - attendance, - attendance, assignments submission, participation.assignments submission, participation.

8.8. InstructorInstructor - contribution as a discussion - contribution as a discussion leader, effectiveness, organization, leader, effectiveness, organization, preparation, enthusiasm, openness to preparation, enthusiasm, openness to student views, feedback frequency.student views, feedback frequency.

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