is work climate important for rri training
DESCRIPTION
Cross sectional study of perceptions of ethical climate and pressures in different faculties at the University of Split, CroatiaTRANSCRIPT
Mario Malički, Vedran Katavić, Domagoj Marković, Matko Marušić, Ana Marušić
Is work climate important for RRI training? Cross sectional study of perceptions of ethical climate and pressures in different faculties at the University of
Split, Croatia
University of SplitSchool of Medicine
Biomedicine
23% Europeans state to have been directly affected by a medical error personally or in the family
21-93% of registered trials are never published
40-62% of primary outcomes change from registration to publication
4.7% students cheat during medical schools
Science7.8 million scientists (1 ‰ population)
1.478 billion dollars for research
1.7% fabricated or falsified data
30% know someone who fabricated or falsified data
4% of all publications have errata, in 24% of those results or conclusions end up different
23-55% reported own or others authorship misuse
Ethical Climate
the shared perceptions of what is ethically correct behavior and how ethical issues should be handled (Victor and Cullen 1987)
Assumptions:
• individual characteristics are insufficient to explain determinants of individual’s ethical decisions in an organization
• formal and informal socialization enables individuals to perceive the acceptable behavior within an organization, and act according to it
Ethical Climate Questionnaire
based on Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development
Levels ofethical criteria
Levels of ethical analysis
Individual Local Cosmopolitan
Egoism Self - interestOrganizational
interestEfficiency
Benevolence Friendship Team interestStakeholderorientation
PrinciplePersonalmorality
Organizational rules
and procedures
Laws andprofessional codes
Ethical Climate Meta-analysis and review(Martin & Cullen, 2006., Simha & Cullen 2012.)
• All 9 climate types were identified
Significant correlations were found between the type of climate and:
• organizational commitment
• job satisfaction
• psychological well being
• misconduct
Study aim: to assess differences in ethical climate between faculties of a single university
• Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture the Efficiencyresponse rate: 54% (132/246)
• Faculty of Philosophyresponse rate: 46% (73/159)
• School of Medicineresponse rate: 47% (91/192)
Characteristic(n, %)
Engineering (n=132)
Philosophy (n=73)
Medicine(n=91)
Sex
male 94 (73) 15 (20) 35 (40)
female 35 (27) 58 (80) 53 (60)
Age (Md; IQR) 37 (30-49) 38 (32-46) 49 (35-56)
Position
faculty 89 (70) 49 (71) 62 (72)
staff 38 (30) 20 (29) 24 (28)
Years of service 8 (3-20) 5 (4-7) 10 (5-19)
Faculty Council
Yes 26 (20) 23 (30) 28 (31)
No 105 (80) 50 (70) 62 (69)
Main results
Faculty Cronbach’s Climate TypeClimate type
score (Md; CI)
Engineering (n=132)
0.899Laws and
professional codes12.985
(12.3 – 13.7)
Philosophy (n=73)
0.892Laws and
professional codes13.431
(12.4- 14.4)
Medicine(n=91)
0.881
Self – interest
Laws andprofessional codes
13.079 (12.3 – 13.8)
12.011(11.2 – 12.8)
Results (cont.)
Gender differences were observed (P=0.0378, P=0.0103, resp.):
> Self-interest > Laws and codes
Also, years of service correlated with higher perception of self-interest climate type.
School of Medicine – faculty council members perceived higher levels of self-interest type
Faculty of Philosophy perceived lower levels of stakeholder orientation climate type
Conclusion• Gender and years of service are associated with perception of
more egoistic climate types.
• Possible differences between ruling bodies (faculty council) and employee perceptions add to the existing evidence that specific actions of individuals moderate perceptions of ethical climate within an institution.
• When planning RRI educational interventions, it is important to keep in mind the environment in which these interventions are delivered.
Thank You!
Contact details:Department of Research in Biomedicine and HealthUniversity of Split, School of MedicineŠoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatiatel. +385 (0)21 557 – 820fax. +385 (0)21 557 – 820e-mail: [email protected]