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है”ह”ह

IS 12161 (1987): Test code for animal carts [FAD 21: FarmImplements and Machinery]

Or 3

IS : 12161 ~ 1987

Indian StandardTEST CODE.FOR ANIMAL CARTS

UDe 629°112°31: 620°1

@ Copyright 1988

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDSMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002

Apnol 1988

IS c 12161 • 1987

Indian StandardTEST CODE FOR ANIMAL CARTS

Farm Transport Equipment Sectional Committee, AFI)C~ GO

Chairman

11K K. N. NAO

R,prt'Jfnli"ISukhadia University J Udaipur

Phoolson Agricultural Indultries ( Reid ). BarautPhoolson Agro Private Limited" Baraut

( Conti.,d ... /HI,- 2 )

National Agricultural Co-operative MarketingF..deration of India Limited, Ncw Delhi

Transport Authority. Delhi Administration, DelhiHubli Auto Works, HubliCentral Road Reasvarch Institute (CSIR). New

!)elhi

Punjab Tractor. Limited, Ropar

DR N. ]t~N~ILAL ( AlttrtUJl' )DlllKCTOR

SHRI S. D. CJlopn.\Suur K. B. DANIDB M. P. DHIR

M,m6erJSHRIBHVPENURA

SURI V. A. PATIL

SHRI R. TIWARI ( Alt,rtUJI, )SHRI GUB8HABAN SINQIl Rn-IAL

SIIRI S. S. GREWAL ( All"MI, )SUBI SUJJBA8H SHARIf"SUIt.t VINul> en "Nil Stt·\RM"

C...ntral Farm Machinery Training & TestingInstitute (Ministry of Agriculture It RuralDevelopment) J Budni

S)4~NI01\ TKS'I' ENUINJC~B ( Al',rtUJI, )SIIKI M. GIIOtUIAJ, Dunlop India Limited.. Calcutta

Sam V. K. LU'IJl1tA (Al1"IIIII')PRur O. K. GOVINDARAJANSHUI R. KUlt~I.\NAJKULU

Indian Institute of Management. BangaloreA. P. State Agro Industries Development

Corporation Limited, H yderabadSUItI tJJlAKTAVAMTLAM (AII,rnal, I )Stun T. SARVE8WARA RAO (All,,,",,, II)

SHKI S. NARAYAJltA PRASAD Swastik Manufacturers Limited, llydcrabadSHRI H. C. DAMODAR ( Alt"ntJI, )

DB T. P. O.rUA Central Institute of Agricultural EnlineeriDI( leAR), Bhopal

SHBI S. D. DgaHPANDIC (AII,rnI.JI,)SDRI R. N. PAT1L Ministry of Agriculture &. Rural Development,

( Departm~nt of Agriculture &. Cooperatio~ )New Delhi '

Northern Region Farm Machinery Training &.Testing Institute (Ministry of Agriculture& Rural Development ), Hillar

C C.',1figh' 1988BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

Thi. publication i. protected under the Indian Co/!",i,hI Ad (XIV of 1957) andreproduction in whole or in part by any means except with writteu perm.ion of thepubliJber IhaU[ be deemed to be an inrrilllenu~Dt of copyright under the Rid Act.

IS I 12161 • 1987 ,"( COlll;IIWdfrom IfI" 1)

Small-ScaleIndustries) ,

(Roads Wing),

Commis.ioner( Ministry of

Maharashtra A,ro-Indultriel DevelopmentCorporation Limited, Bombay

Director General, BIS (Ex.Dfficio M""lJer)

SBBIJ. K. DUQAD (Alt,,""',)S8BI L. N. WAQB

SBBI G. VI8HW.AN.ATHAN

M""b,,1 R,p"",.';n,SBRJ VIRB1fDRA KUMAB SHARMA Vijay Induatriel, Shamli8aal G. C. SINGHAL Mabindra Owen Limited, Pune

SUR! D. E. STRAOltY ( AII,rna', )SDI H. M. SOM Development

IndustriesNew Delhi

Ministry of Surface TransportNew Delhi

SsaIT.PURNANANDAM,Director ( Agri It Food)

Stc,ltarySHBI R. N. SHARMA

Joint Director ( Agri It Food), BIS

2

AMENDMENT NO. 1 MAY 2002TO

IS 12161: 1987 TEST CODE FOR ANIMALCARTS( Page 4, clause 2.3 ) - Substitute the following for the existing:

'2.3 Wheel Skid - Wheel skid shall be defined from the following formula:

100(NI - N2)Wheel skid, percent =

Nlwhere

Nl =numberof revolutions of wheel for a givendistance at no load.and

N2 = numberof revolutions of wheel for a given distance underload,'

( Page 4. clause 2.4) - Delete.

( Page 4, clause4.1 ) - Substitute the following for the existing:

'4.1 Laboratory and Track Tests - Followingtests shall beconducted in thelaboratory and on the track, as the case maybe.'

( Page 6, clause 4.1.3.5) -- Substitutethe followingfor the existing:

'4.1.3.5 For measurements of pull, a direct reading/recording type hydraulicdynamometer or strain-gauge dynamometer may be inserted in the pull line ofthe cart. Use of telescopic yoke bar for fittiDg the dynamometerduring the testshould be preferred. The dynamometer shall have an accuracy of 1 percent,Min.'

( Page 6, clause 4.1.3.6) - Delete.

( Page 6, clause 4.1.3.7, line 1 ) - Substitute 'skid' for 'slip'.

(Page 6, clause 4.1..J.7.line 4) - Delete the word 'drive' .

( Page 6, clause 4.1.3.8. sentence 2 ) - Substitute the following for theexistingsentence:

'Loading of the cart shall bedone in steps of 0.1 tonne ranging from 2S percentof designed capacity. '

( Page 6. clause 4.1.3.10, Note )- Delete.

Amend No.1 to IS 12161 : 1987

( Page 7. clause4.2.1(a)1- Substitute the following for the existing text.

'a) Stability of cart (on level and slopeof 6 to 8 percent);'

( Page 10, Appendix B, column heading 9) - Substitute 'Rclauve Humuluy, 'h •

for 'Pressure, kPa'.

( Page 10, Appendix B, columiI heading 10 ) - Delete and renumbersubsequent column.

(FAD59 )

Reprography Unit. 81S. New Dclhr. India

2

IS : 12161 • 1987

Indian StandardTEST CODE FOR ANIMAL CARTS

o. F 0 I~ E W 0 R D

0.1 This Indian Standard was adopted lry the Bureau of IndianSt anda rrls on :~ 1 .July 1987, after the dra ft finalized by the FarmTrnnsport Equipment Sectional Cornmit t ee had been approved by ther\g-ricultnral and Food Product s Division Cou ncil ,

0.2 The ani mal cart is still the major means of transporting' goodsbetween village to village and between village and town. It alsoserves as passenger transport in rural areas. These carts are availablein various designs and shapes to suit specific requirements of terrainand topography of' the area as well as according- to the size of theanimals. A need was felt to prepare a t est code to evaluate animalcarts on a uniform basis,

0.3 In reporting the result of a test or analysis made in accordancewith this standard, if the final value, observed or calculated, is to berounded off, it shall he done in accordance with IS : 2-1960*.

1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard provides ~uidt~1ines for evaluat ion of the performanceof animal carts.

2. TERMINOLOGY

2.0 For the purpose of this standard, following- definitions shall apply.

2.1 Unladen Mass of Cart - 'I'ho mass of empty c.irt without anyload, operator and animal.

2.2 Laden Mass of Cart - The mass of cart with loaded materialincluding 75 kg for the mass of the operator but without the mass ofanimals.

-Rule. for rounding off numerical value'S ("vised).

3

IS : 12161 • 1987

2.3 Wheel Slippage - Wheel slippage shall be defined from thefollowing formula:

Wht'ellllip, percent = 100 ( N L -:- N!I) _s«where

N, = number of revolutions of the driving wheels for agiven distance under load, and

.lvo = number of revolutions of the driving wheels for t hesame distance at no load.

2.4 Maximum Sustained Pull- The pull where limiting factor ofwheel slippage of 15 percent in case of pneumatic wheels and 7 percentin case of wooden/steel wheels or pulling limitation of recommendedanimals is achieved.

3. SELECTION OF SAMPLE FOR TESTS

3.1 The animal cart shall be selected at random from the seriesproduction by the representative of the testing station with the consentof the manufacturer. It would be the responsibility of the manu­facturer to ascertain that the cart selected for testing is complete in allrespects and necessary adjustments have been carried out in thepresence of the representative of the testing authority.

3.2 Specification and Other Literature - The manufacturer shallsupply all literature, operation manual and a detailed drawing. Themanufacturer shall also supply a specification sheet duly filled as perproforma given in Appendix A. Any other information required forconducting the test should also be supplied by the manufacturer.

4. TESTS

4.1 Laboratory and Track Tests - Following tests shall beconducted in the laboratory as well as on the track.

4.1.1 Checking of Specifications - The specifications supplied by themanufacturer (see 3.2 ) shall be checked and reported.

4.1.2 Chemical composition' of material of wheel axle shall bechecked and reported.

4.1.3 Drawbar Test

4.1.3.1 Testtrack - The drawbar test shall be conducted on bitumen,macadam or off-the-road-Iand terrain of 500 metres length run, The

4-

IS : 12161 - 1987

track should be level avoiding gradients. The degree of surfaceunevenness in the test track in a 3 m stretch should not exceed 8 mmfor bituminous surface, 12 mm for macadam surface and 25 rom foroff-the-road-land terrain surface, The t yp« of te-t track shall bestated in the report.

4.1.3.2 Following details of animals used in conducting the testshall be reported (sec also Fig. 1 ).

a) Number,

b} Breed,

c) Whether zebu or non-zebu,

d) Whether fitted with shoe,

e) Height ( em ),

f) Length ( em ),

g) Paunch girth ( em ),

h) Chest girth ( em ),

j) Body depth ( em ), and

k) Mass (kK ).

BOOVOf Pl t1

rHEARt I CHE5' G,Rt H

PAUN(H GIRl ..: . LENGtH----r-r-~~~-:=:!l~::::--.....:::::==--__ eROSS

HEIGHl

FlO. 1 TYPICAL DRAWING OP ANIMAL INDICATINGVARIOUS DIMENSIONS·

IS : 12161 • 1987

4.1.3.3 The optimum height of hitching of yoke shall be selected bythe testing authority in consultation with the manufacturer andreported.

4.1.3.4 Horizontal component of the line of pull (draft) shall becalculated hy measuring- the ang-le which the line of pull makes withthe horizontal, with the help of following formula:

]) = p cos 6

D = draft (kN ),

P = pull ( kN ), and

9 = angle between the line of pull and the hot izont al.

4.1.3.5 For measurement of pull, a dir-ect reading- type spi ing- orhydraulic dynamometer or strain-g-aug-e indicator Inay hf' inserted inthe pull line of the cart 0 Use of telescopic yoke ba r for fi t t inp; thedynamometer during test would he preferred.

4.1.3.6 In case of pneumatic wheeled carts, t he height of treadbars shall be not less than 65 percent of the bars of the tyre when new 0

The measurement of height of tread bars shall he made at the centralline of the tyres, the cart standing on a firm level surface,

4.1.3.7 The measurement of pull, speed a nd sliP shall he ~t ar te donly after the operational conditions are stabilized, Reporting shallbe made with reference to speed, mass of cart and its mass distriburion,type of track, height of yoke, wheel size and inflation pressure of d. ivewheels ( in case of pneumatic wheels).

4.1.3.8 Measurement of pull, speed and slip shall be made for theunladen cart and then for the laden cart on the track specifiedin 4.1.3.1. Loading of cart shall he done in steps of 0·5 tonnes rangingfrom 25 percent of designed capacity up to wheel slip of 15 percent 10,"pneumatic wheel, of w heel slip of 7 percent for wooden/steel wheels, orlimitation of pulling capacity of animals used, whichever occurs first.

4.1.3.9 The test for each load shall be repeated 5 times.

4.1.3.10 Test report shall include presentation of following curves:

a) I ..aden mass of cart as a function of pull,

h) Forward speed as a function of pull, and

c) Whepl slip as a function of pull.

NOTE - Maximurn sustained pu 11 at maximum laden mall of cart shall bereported,

(i

IS : 12161 • 1987

4.1.3.11 Measurement during drawbar test shall he recorded in adata sheet as per proforma given in Appendix B.

4.2 Haulage Test - At least 3 tests, each of minimum 3 hoursduration shall he conducted by hauling recommended pay load onearthen and tar macadam track having short gradient up to 6 percent.Test may be conducted with at least two different types of loadingmaterial:

a) Solid material, such as sand or grain filled bags; and

b) Bulky material, such as grain and fodder crop or straw/bhusa,etc.

4.2.1 Besides measurement of average speed for haulage, obser­vations shall be recorded on following parameters:

a) Stability of cart ( on level and slope );

h) Turning ability;

c) Comfort to pulling animals;

d) Comfort to operator; and

e) Safety provision in case of overturning, etc.

APPENDIX A

( Clause 3.2 )

DATA SHEET FOR ANIMAL CARTS

1. Gelleral

a) Name

b) Type ( two wheeled/four wheeled)

c) Make

d) Model

e) Serial number

f) Name and address of manufacturer

7

IS : 12161 • 1987

2. Type aDd Number orAnimal to be Used

3. Loading Capacity

a) In mass, kg

b) In volume, rnB

4. Badlu. orTurning Circle

5. Radius orTurning Space

6. Details orComponents

6.1 wu« Equipment

a) Wheel

i) Type (wooden or wooden with steel ring on top ormetallic or pneumatic or any other)

ii) Number and size ( face width and diameter)

iii) Material details

iv) Number and type of spokes, if applicable

v) Method of fitting to axle

vi) Recommended tyre pressure, kPa, if applicable

b) Bearing

i) Number and type

ii) Location

iii) Method and frequency of lubrication

c) Axle

i) Type

ii) Number and size

iii) Material of construction

d) Brake

i) Type~

ii) Constructional details

iii) Method of operation

8

IS : 121'1 • 1987

e) Track Width, mm

6.2 Frame and Platform

a) Material and details of construction and size of chassis

b) Material and details of construction and size of loadingplatform

c) Material and details of construction and size of side support

6.3 roke-Bar

a) Type and material of construction

h) Size and details of construction

c) Number of holes for attachment wit h yoke

d) Diameter of hole and hole to hole distance

6.4 roke

a) Type and material of construction

b) Size and details of construction

c) Provision of fixing to the neck of animal

7. Safety Feature. Incorporated in the Cart

8. Dlmeasloa8

a) Overall length; em

b) Overall width, em

c) Overall height, em

9. Unladen Mas.

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BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

Headquarlers:

Manak Bhavan. 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, NEW DELHI t10002

Telephones: 331 01 31. 33113 75 Telegrams: Manaksanslha

( Common to all offices)

Regional Off1ces:

Central : Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg,NEW DELHI 110002

-Eastern : 1/14 C.I.T. Schema VII t.1, V.J.P. Road, Manlktola,CALCUTTA 70J054

Northern : SeQ 445 446, Sector 35..C,CHAND1GARH 160036

Southern: C.I.T. Campus, MADRAS 600113

tWestern : Manakalaya. [9 MI DC, Marol. Andhorl (East),BOMBAY 400093

T,lephone

{331 01 31331 13 75

362499

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{

41244241 25 1941 29 16

6 32 9295

Brar,ch Offlces:

'Push;lak', Nurmohamed Shaikh Mdrg, Khanpur, AHMADABAD 380001

Poenya Industrial Area 1st Stage, Dangalore..Tumkur Road,BANGALORE 560058

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Inspection Offices (With Sale Point):

Pusnpanlelt, First Floor. 205-A Was' High Court Road, Shankar NagarSquare, NAGPUR 440010

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-Salos office In Calcutta Is at 5 Chowringhee Approach, P.O.Prlncep Street. Calcutta 700072

fSales Office In Bombay Is at Novelty Chambers. GrantRoad,Bombay 400007

{2634826349

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66716

63627

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{21 687621 8292

62305

76837

2 51 71

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Printed at Ar~•• Prl.I, HI. D.lhl.lndl."