irregular verbs - english mattersem.colorfulmedia.pl/dodatki/irregular_verbs_em61.pdf · irregular...

61/2016

IRREGULARVERBS

DODATEK

Poradnik językowy jest bezpłatnym dodatkiem do English Matters nr 61/2016.Opracowanie: Katarzyna Szpotakowska

Korekta: Graham Crawford

Colorful Media ul. Lednicka 23, 60-413 Poznańtel. 61 833 63 28, [email protected]

Ilustracja na okładce: lamaip

Language Guide poradnik językowy

If you want to speak English, you cannot ask yourself whether you should learn irregular verbs or not, but rather answer the question of how you can learn them. The list of irregular verbs is long. Sometimes it is difficult to remember how each form should be pronounced. It is easy to confuse some of them, for example ‘to lie’ with ‘to lay’. But, let’s be honest, irregular verbs are indispensable. English Matters has decided to be of assistance in this matter. Study our newest guide and engross yourself in irregular verbs.

to learn sth | uczyć się czegoś irregular verb | czasownik nieregularny pronounced | wymawianyto confuse sth with sth | pomylić coś z czymś

let’s be honest | bądźmy szczerzy indispensable | niezbędny, nieodzownyin this matter | w tej kwestiito engross oneself in sth | dać się pochłonąć czemuś, zagłębić się w coś

English Matters 61|2016

10 irregular verbs everyone needs to knowbe bi – was/were wəz / wə(r) – been biːn / bɪncome kʌm – came keɪm – come kʌmdo də / du – did dɪd – done dʌnget ɡet – got ɡɒt – got ɡɒtgive ɡɪv – gave ɡeɪv – given ˈɡɪvngo ɡəʊ – went went – gone ɡɒnhave həv – had həd – had hədmake meɪk – made meɪd – made meɪdsee siː – saw sɔː – seen siːntake teɪk – took tʊk – taken teɪkn

5 irregular verbs that are extremely usefulbuy baɪ – bought bɔːt – bought bɔːtknow nəʊ – knew njuː – known nəʊnmeet miːt – met met – met metpay peɪ – paid peɪd – paid peɪdthink θɪŋk – thought θɔːt – thought θɔːt

Examples:Thomas bought a new convertible.We’ve known each other for ages.I met Peter for the first time in a club.I paid for my new dishwasher in instalments.I never thought that I would be able to kill another person.

Irregular verbs with three identical formsbet – bet – bet betburst – burst – burst bɜːst

convertible | kabriolet dishwasher | zmywarka instalment ɪnˈstɔːlmənt | ratato bet | zakładać się, obstawiać to burst | wybuchać, pękać, wyskakiwać

English Matters 61|2016English Matters 61|2016

3

cast – cast – cast kɑːstcost – cost – cost kɒstcut – cut – cut kʌthit – hit – hit hɪthurt – hurt – hurt hɜːtlet – let – let letput – put – put pʊtquit – quit – quit kwɪtrid – rid – rid rɪdset – set – set setshed – shed – shed ʃedthrust – thrust – thrust θrʌst

Tricky irregular verbsteach tiːtʃ – taught tɔːt – taught tɔːtcost kɒst – cost kɒst – cost kɒstlead liːd – led led – led ledlight laɪt – lit lɪt – lit lɪtlend lend – lent lent – lent lent

Lie vs Laylie laɪ – lay leɪ – lain leɪnto be in a flat positionDuring the terrorist attack, I lay on the floor pretending to be already dead.lay leɪ – laid leɪd – laid leɪd

to cast sb | obsadzać kogoś (w roli)to quit sth | rzucać coś, rezygnować z czegoś to rid sth | eliminować coś, pozbywać się czegoś to shed sth | z/rzucać coś, pozbywać się czegoś, rozrzucać cośto thrust | popychać, naciskać to light sth | oświetlać coś to lend | pożyczać to lie | leżeć flat | płaskifloor | podłogato lay sth | położyć coś, kłaść coś


4

to put something down in a flat positionI laid the wedding dress on the bed and thought that I couldn’t be happier.

Saw vs Sew vs Sowsaw sɔː – sawed sɔː d – sawn sɔːnto cut something by means of a sawHe sawed all the logs.sew səʊ – sewed səʊd – sewn səʊnto create clothes with the use of a needle and threadAll my suits were sewn by a tailor.sow səʊ – sowed səʊd – sown səʊnto plant seedsThe seeds shouldn’t be sown in summer.

Fall vs Feelfall fɔːl – fell fel – fallen ˈfɔːlənMary tripped and fell onto the wet floor.feel fiːl – felt felt – felt feltHave you ever felt lonely?

5 irregular verbs which are difficult to pronouncebring brɪŋ – brought brɔːt – brought brɔːtdraw drɔː – drew druː – drawn drɔːn

to saw sth | piłować coś saw sɔː | piła log | polanoto sew | szyć needle | igłathread | nić tailor | krawiecto sow | siać to plant sth | sadzić cośseed | nasionoto trip | potknąć się to draw sth | rysować coś


5

to wind sth | kręcić, nakręcać coś neighbourhood | sąsiedztwocontest | konkursburst its banks | wystapić z brzegów, wylałaflood flʌd | powódźimpeccable | nienaganny, bez zarzutu, tu: idealny

sing sɪŋ – sang sæŋ – sung sʌŋswim swɪm – swam swæm – swum swʌmwind waɪnd – wound waʊuːnd – wound waʊnd

Examples:I brought you an umbrella. It might be raining in the afternoon.She drew a map of her neighbourhood.During the contest, she sang a song by the Beatles.I’ve never swum in the ocean.The bandage was wound around his head.

5 irregular verbs that can refer to natureblow bləʊ – blew bluː – blown bləʊnburst bɜːst – burst bɜːst – burst bɜːstgrow ɡrəʊ – grew ɡruː – grown ɡrəʊnrise rɑɪz – rose rəʊz – risen ˈrɪz(ə)nshine ʃaɪn – shone ʃɒn – shone ʃɒn

Examples:The wind blew straight into my face.The river burst its banks during the summer flood.The trees had grown a lot since our last visit.The sun rose into the sky.The weather was impeccable. The sun shone high in the sky.

5 irregular verbs that can refer to household activitiesdrink drɪŋk – drank dræŋk – drunk drʌŋkeat iːt – ate et – eaten ˈiːt(ə)nfeed fiːd – fed fed – fed fed


6

to grind | mielić to sweep | zamiatać ingredient | składnikto bleed | krwawićto sting sb | u/kłuć, u/żądlić kogoś several | kilkamoped | jednoślad wasp wɒsp | osato leap | przeskoczyć, skakać

grind ɡraɪnd – ground ɡraʊnd – ground ɡraʊndsweep swiːp – swept swept – swept swept

Examples:I’ve never drunk a shake like this before. What are the ingredients?Mary has just had breakfast.I fed the baby an hour ago. It should still be sleeping for another hour.I love the smell of freshly ground coffee.Take off your shoes, please. I’ve just swept the floor.

5 irregular verbs that can refer to accidentsbreak breɪk – broke brəʊk –broken ˈbrəʊkənbleed bliːd – bled bled – bled bledhit hɪt – hit hɪt – hit hɪtsting stɪŋ – stung stʌŋ – stung stʌŋburn bɜːn – burnt bɜːnt – burnt bɜːnt

Examples:I broke my leg when I was skiing.The wound bled for several more minutes.Betty was hit by a moped while she was crossing the street.The wasp stung her on the foot.The house was completely burnt out. Everything was destroyed.

5 irregular verbs for advanced learnersleap liːp – leapt lept – leapt lept


7

seek siːk – sought sɔːt – sought sɔːtshrink ʃrɪŋk – shrank ʃræŋk – shrunk ʃrʌŋktear teə(r) – tore tɔː(r) – torn tɔːnweep wiːp – wept wept – wept wept

Examples:They leapt out through the bathroom window.First of all, I sought the author’s permission, and then when he agreed we published the poems.The dress shrank after washing it in the washing machine.I tore the pictures into pieces trying at the same time to wipe out all the painful memories.She wept and wept and we couldn’t do anything but be there with her.

to seek | szukać to shrink | s/kurczyć sięto tear | po/drzećto weep | łkaćpermission | pozwolenie, zezwoleniepoem | wierszto wipe out sth | wymazać coś but | tu: oprócz


8

Exercises

Fill in the table with the missing forms of the verbs

hit hit

tear tore

fed fed

sow sown

went gone

grow grew

lay laid

think thought

Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verbs presented in the brackets

I ……………………… and ……………………….(weep) but no one ………………………. (hear) me. I was trapped in the middle of nowhere.I ………….(lay) your glasses on the night table.Mary was …………………(sting) by a hornet.The room was ……………… (light) by a few candles.The wound ……………………(bleed) for another two hours.My 2-year-old son ……………………(draw) a cat for the first time in his life.It literally …………………….. (cost) a fortune. You can’t say now that you don’t like it.My neighbour………… (feed) my dogs when I was away.


9

12

34

56

78

910

1112

1314

1516

1718

1920

2122

2324

2526

2728

2930

31

Fill in

the g

ap

with

the m

issing

fo

rm of

the v

erb:

tear –

tore

– …

……

……

……

Wha

t is th

e dif

feren

ce

betw

een t

he

verb

s ‘to

lay’

and ‘

to lie

’?

List 3

irre

gular

ve

rbs t

hat s

tart

with

the l

etter

‘b’

List 3

irre

gular

ve

rbs t

hat c

an

refer

to na

ture

Build

a se

ntenc

e in

Past

Simp

le wi

th th

e ver

b ‘to

draw

’

List 3

form

s of

the v

erb ‘

to se

w’Fil

l in th

e gap

wi

th th

e miss

ing

form

of th

e ve

rb: b

leed –

…

……

……

……

– b

led

List 5

verb

s with

ide

ntica

l pas

t an

d pre

sent

form

s

Wha

t doe

s the

ve

rb ‘ t

o wee

p’ me

an? W

hat a

re

its th

ree f

orms

?

Wha

t are

the

miss

ing le

tters?

tea

ch –

t……

.ght

– t…

…..g

ht

List th

ree

irreg

ular v

erbs

th

at sta

rt wi

th th

e let

ter ‘c

’

List 3

form

s of

the v

erb ‘

to sti

ng’

List 3

form

s of

the v

erb ‘

to fa

ll’Fil

l in th

e gap

wi

th th

e miss

ing

form

of th

e ver

b: ris

e – ro

se –

……

……

……

.

Build

a se

ntenc

e in

pass

ive vo

ice

with

the v

erb

‘grind

’

Wha

t is th

e dif

feren

ce

betw

een t

he

verb

s ‘to

sew’

an

d ‘to

sow’

?

List 3

irre

gular

ve

rbs t

hat c

an

refer

to ac

ciden

ts

Wha

t is th

e mi

ssing

ve

rb? W

e’ve

k……

……

……

..ea

ch o

ther

for

ages

.

Wha

t are

the

thre

e for

ms of

th

e ver

b ‘to

hit’?

List 3

form

s of

the v

erb ‘

to lig

ht’

Wha

t is th

e mi

ssing

verb

? I’v

e ne

ver

s……

……

……

…

in th

e oc

ean.

List th

ree f

orms

of

the v

erb ‘

to sh

rink’

Build

a se

ntenc

e in

Pres

ent

Perfe

ct wi

th th

e ve

rb ‘to

seek

’

Fill in

the g

ap

with

the m

issing

fo

rm of

the

verb

: bre

ak –

……

……

……

……

–b

roke

n

List th

ree f

orms

of

the v

erb ‘

to ea

t’

Wha

t doe

s the

ve

rb ‘ t

o quit

’ me

an? W

hat a

re

its th

ree f

orms

?

Wha

t are

the

miss

ing le

tters?

blo

w – b

l…w

– bl…

….n

List th

ree f

orms

of

the v

erb ‘

to fe

ed’

Build

a qu

estio

n in

Pres

ent

Perfe

ct wi

th th

e ve

rb ‘to

bring

’?

List 3

irre

gular

ve

rbs w

ith

diffic

ult

pron

uncia

tion

Wha

t are

the

thre

e for

ms

of th

e ver

b ‘to

cost’

?

Irreg

ular

verb

chal

leng

e. C

alen

dar f

or o

ne m

onth

of y

our c

hoice

Colorful

MEDIA


10

Najnowsze wydanie specjalne

ColorfulMEDIA

Sprawdź aktualną promocję na wydania specjalne w naszym sklepie internetowym: kiosk.colorfulmedia.pl

kupisz w salonach EMPIK oraz na KIOSK.COLORFULMEDIA.PL

ISSN

189

6-41

84 IN

DEKS

221

686

NAKŁ

AD: 1

1.00

0

Colorful

MEDIA

engl

ishm

atte

rs.p

l

do odsłuchania

artykuły w formacie

MP3LISTA

SŁÓWEK z magazynu w pliku pdf

WYDANIE

SPECJALNE

ISSN

189

6-41

84 IN

DEKS

221

686

NAKŁ

AD: 1

1.00

0

do odsłuchania

artykuły w formacie

MP3LISTA

SŁÓWEK z magazynu w pliku pdf

WYDANIE

SPECJALNE

11,50 zł (w tym 5% VAT)Cena:11,50 zł (w tym 5% VAT)Cena:

18/2016

TRAVEL SMART


irregular verbs - english mattersem.colorfulmedia.pl/dodatki/irregular_verbs_em61.pdf · irregular...

Documents