iran and islam civilization dynamics 501-1000

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///nj »B“T]A ”nAjA ”B·flB«pBw :'\fiQ yhM ˚ 484 /4˙7 | ,1360 ,‹Ao·U ,nB{ o] •“]oU ,²–iA ›MA »z‰o k“eA ›M k“d« /22 /89˙102 | ,”nq…{ /23 /166˙173 | ,²–iA ›MA /24 »˙ „L˙vd§A> ,»ƒ˙ ‹B“…ƒ˙w jAj :fl ,‹B˙eAo] ‹B{qQ S…§B jn–« nj KvTd« ‰B »ƒ »wnoM ”AoM /25 /22˙43 | ,1987 ,jAkM ,<Jo§Akfi „§Bd§A K§A /10 | ,»v…L : fl ,RB‰C ›‰A ¶nBMnj /26 »˙ ›˙‰pA–˙“§A ¥…‰B“§A u…‰B“§A> ,–d« »ƒ ›…ve : fl ,KvTd« ‰B pA yhM ›‰A S…“A ¶nBMnj /27 ”B‡T{–˙fl ›‰oU'·˙« –d˙« ;69˙88 | ,<»Mo˙§A VAoT§A /SwA ²jnC jo£ ' nBfi ‡fi…«p ›‰A nj An »«wA ‹Bin–« ‹Akfi“zflAj K…˙i oM–˙MA »ƒ˙ ›Mk“˙eA ;122 | ,9 Z ,1995 ,Ro…˙M ,o…YA ›MA : fl ‡fi…«p ›‰A nj /28 NBa ,”pAo…{ w–‰ ›M »ƒ ›M '…AoMA ;252 | ,2 Z ,BU »M ,Ro…M , ,”jAkM /119 | ,1 Z ,BU »M ,Ro…M ,u…“§A ¥…ƒi bBT˙§AkL˙ NB˙a ,»Lw »B§AkL ›M »ƒ ›M JB–§AkL o~fl »MA :fl ,‡ƒ“] pA /29 k“d˙« ›M»ƒ˙ ›Mk“˙eA ›˙‰k§AJB·˙{ ;379 | ,1 Z ,1992 ,²q…˙] ,»eBfi˙ k“d˙« j–“d˙« –ƒ˙d§Ak“d« ,1972 ,›˙j jBMCnk…e ,‹Bik…“§AkL k“d« NBa ,(»flv o\e›MA) ;174 | ,14 Z ,BU»˙M ,Ro…˙M ,»{o˙ o…X˙ ›M o“ ›M ¥…B“wA Ak§A–MA ;91 | ,5 Z ,150 | ,1 Z ,1978 ,Ro…M ,·‰–fl /jB NBa ,K…i »ƒ ›M ›ve ›Mk“eA tBL§A–MA /220 | ,2 Z NBa ,”kfizƒ »ƒ ›Mk“eA ;339 | ,1 Z ,k“d« ›M»ƒ ›Mk“eA /30 /408 | ,11 Z ,1987 ,™z«j ,¥‰– »ƒ w–‰ oTj /247 | ,2 Z ,”jAkM K…i /31 n–˙§AkL˙ NB˙a ,”nB~˙flA ‹B…« ›M o] ›Mk“d« ›M &AkL /32 /118 | ,3 Z ,1993 ,Ro…M ,»{–ƒM ›…ve ™d§AkL /182 | ,3 Z ,BU»M ,Ro…M ,»z«j ”o k“eA ›M »d§AkL /33 /136 | ,5 Z ,1987 ,‹jnA ,›…ve c§B NBa ,»flB·A ›‰k§AjB“ /34 /314 | ,13 Z , ,»{o o…X ›MA /35 /63˙64 | ,1348 ,‹Ao·U ,nB{ o] NBa , ,»w– ƒ“§A¤Bfl ‡]A–i /36 /307˙310 | ,S Bw /37 /49˙52 | ,»«Ao ;310˙311 | , /38 | ,1986 ,²oB ,k‰p–MA »~« ¤B·w /39 /72˙77 /113˙124 | /40 /315˙317 | ,S Bw ;55˙130 | : fl ,o~« nj ‡Lve ¶nBMnj oTz…M »wnoM ”AoM /41 /86 | ,2 Z ,BU»M ,Ro…M ,»UoL] ›ve ›M ‹B“eo§AkL /42 /315-137 | ,S Bw /43 /317˙320 | : fl ,»flB“X nj ‡Lve pA »ƒ xnAq£ ”AoM /44

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  1. 1. ///nj BT]A nAjA BBpBw :Q yhM 484,jo{C,iA -MA zo keA -M kd /22 nA /89102 | , Q,nq{ /23 z /47 | ,1360 ,AoU ,nB{ o] ]oU/166173 | , Q,iA -MA /24z/2243 | ,1987 ,jAkM ,JAk KdA d BwAn , , Bw jAj : ,BeAo] B{qQ SB jn nj KvTd B wnoM AoM /25/10 | , Q,vL : ,RBC -A nBMnj /26 zBT{ -oU d ;6988 | ,J A kKd A v A BwAn , ,d -ve : ,KvTd B pA yhM -A SA nBMnj /27Ki oMMA -MkeA ;122 | ,9 Z ,1995 ,RoM ,gBTA B,oYA -MA : p -A nj /28 n A /SwA jnC jo nB p -A nj An wA Bin AkzAjNBa ,BAR,pAo{ w -M -M AoMA ;252 | ,2 Z ,BU M ,RoM ,jAk n ,jAkMBL MgBUbBTAkL NBa , A B A R ,Lw BAkL -M -M JBAkL o~ MA : ,] pA /29 oL z BL /119 | ,1 Z ,BU M ,RoM ,uA i,1972 ,-j jBMCnke ,BikAkL kd NBa ,BXAA Bnnk,(v oe-MA) B B A A Akd -M -MkeA -kAJB{ ;379 | ,1 Z ,1992 ,q] ,eB kd jd dAkd;174 | ,14 Z ,BUM ,RoM ,AAkA,{o oX -M o -M BwA AkAMA ;91 | ,5 ZB L,150 | ,1 Z ,1978 ,RoM , jB NBa ,R J ,Ki -M -ve -MkeA tBLAMAB A BTNBa ,Bz A L B z Ac ,kz -MkeA ;339 | ,1 Z ,zQ,kd -M -MkeA /30 /220 | ,2 Z/247 | ,2 Z , Q,jAkM Ki /31z /408 | ,11 Z ,1987 ,zj , w oTjnAkL NBa ,B j Yk A R,nB~A B -M o] -Mkd -M &AkL /32 nA A BL BM d BL/182| ,3 Z ,BUM ,RoM ,K nBLi K AR {,zj o keA -M dAkL /33 l A m Anm /118 | ,3 Z ,1993 ,RoM ,{M -ve dAkL/136 | ,5 Z ,1987 ,jnA ,-ve cB NBa , AA,BA -kAjB /34 Bz oL /314 | ,13 Z , Q,{o oX -MA /35 z /6364 | ,1348 ,AoU ,nB{ o] NBa ,(BTw w Aow,w AB ]Ai /36B ) /307310 | , Q,S Bw /37z/4952 | , Q,Ao ;310311 | , /38zB| ,1986 ,oB , Ao~AAcA w A Lv A,kpMA ~ Bw /39 B A Mo T Ao~ d/113124 | , /40B/7277/315317 | , Q,S Bw ;55130 | , : ,o~ nj Lve nBMnj oTzM wnoM AoM /41 z B/86 | ,2 Z ,BUM ,RoM ,nBLi A ] TA B gBU ,UoL] -ve -M BeoAkL /42 Ao nBY AK n/315-137 | , Q,S Bw /43z /317320 | , : ,BX nj Lve pA xnAq AoM /44 B
  2. 2. 485 Lve :w ~| ,6 Z ,1968 ,RoM ,tBL BveA NBa,KoAu ~ KAc ,BvU o -MkeA /45 k A /321 | , Q,S Bw /46z /168/320323 | , : /47 B,(Bn Fz)oAJ Aj LmAv A,BLA w : ,p -A nj xnAq AoM /48 UBU M o M L dpoAo) , l , wA nBA Aj: ,nBYC -A nBMnj B C AoM /49 nqM o/7993 | 2859 | ,1971 ,oqA /329330 | , Q,S Bw : ,p -A nj /50 z /(xow oAkL) , l ;(oaZBe,o gnBU ,-qw jA : ,JBT -A ]oU NBa ,i gv jkU nBMnj {nAq AoM /51 M B{nB /331334 | , Q,S Bw /52z /670 | ,1 Z ,1381 ,AoU / p | ,o k , Q,nq{ : ,nBYC -A nBMnj /53z/156 | ,17 Z , 1411 ,RoM , z U n A,Ao nqMBC : ,p -A nj /54 A B~ A m/331334 | , Q,S Bw : ,nBYC -A BAo] kMvU nBMnj {nAq AoM /55 zKTd Av A BwAnj, ,d -ve : ,JBT -A nBMnj /56v L d Rjn nj jkT KT pA AkpC KB] xnAq (135 184 |) B -A ;163165 | ,JAko /SwA jo Swo An BC pA o ~ -oU jnC Lve
  3. 3. wA kU nj ooTv B ,Bi ,{B ,nB /1 pBMK{i ,AijoQ ,qU /2 w /3 o Co -d R BM RBB kQ /4
  4. 4. wA kU nj ooTv B ,Bi ,{B ,nB /1 BAoA /knAj oiFU kU C pA noM o BM B{C nj B] AA SwA kMBp nj , j -A pA o kjM k{ B{C o BM wA n pA yQ Bkw ,BnAnj ,gnBU nj AoA o nqM nj -Tvh /kT{Aj Bwkka o BTw ,wA n-Tvh BA 1 /SwA T{Aj AjA cv j pA yQ 430 BU 536 Bw pA SwA zBhnj BC BBPw pA ATwj kTiAkA B] o nBYC oM An ji B B ,Bv BMoozQ uAqM nj oj Twj jo KeB~U vU nj An BwBw B{jBQ k{Bn fB ,oznBTiA nj An nkwA o{ kwn o~ M 18 Bw M kjnnj An Bw Aod joBo q C pA uQ Ba ,2SB U o{ nj oTzM Jo o ,B C BU /So/SB KwB BB] BMo B nj kzinj wA Bpow oj nj nkC ,wA SwA LoU k{ C B] xoTv K] B q wA jo M o~d snj An B njAoM oMAoM wA /SwA TB ne C nj B] oB pAVAo BM An J AA ,T nj /jo A ,kjM T jAs o pA ,kAki BzQBM An o BYAo C ,RnB BM SiBw ji M ,kT{Aj U nj oRnBL wA o ,xn -A T nj jo L wA B] BkpB RBT n () B o BUn pA BMBUpBM BM Ao vAqM ThC { pA jM /AoA BTw pA w jBC BM Mo i ,jL BoQ Aka ,o o pA ,wA pA yQ BTvMo o{ 3/SB An BTp C ,o BU w kw pA ,BkM ,S{Aj An o BTp xomQ SiBw B{C o oB oj BM An BC BBv RBeT C BU jM Jo o -oTzM jow
  5. 5. wA kU nj o :z{ yhM 490 BB BBzTwoQ BBv BAoA BiB oM B B BznjBa C BU k{ K]BBw Az{ o -np BAp Bzinj Bo C BM Bno ,KLw - M /kjz kj TBM BzoMA k{ nB k B]B k{{BM ,wA Bo op jni kQ BM nw o~ B AoA AoT4/j{ kB wA o poA k{ kL B{ Bkv SiBw ,k{ohv eA nj ,o A kw BBQ pA Bv BAoBopA yQ Anj BBM pA oU{BM oU nqM nBYC BU kk{ kjo pBC An {BM BiBS { nBpn yBz nj wA BnB -Tvh oTzM /knC j]M wAn o~ AoA AnBjBTwA ,BC BkpBw Aop ;SwA jAj Swj pA An ji AAA pA BA /koM nB M BBM C -TiBw nj An ji B{ kAT{Aj RjB ,kAjMM n kC j] M wA o nj }hz - Tw TnTn kM M o j kw So ,kT{Aj kkU M pB BBM pA An Bs C oqB ,jnAm B /SiBw L wA o Sw oM An tnAk ,k]Bv :kwn n M k BM w { S nj wA nB,C jkT BjonB -M pA SwA wA A Lm BM H kv /oLT BM B oMB96 BU 87 BBw -M 5/SwA C ] RjBL jonB pA oUA-Tvh nB{ nj ,k{ TiBw (n BAki Aki) oTQr BzTwoQ B] oM nBpn uAqM |Bi xn M Az{ nBAp pA k{Q BnAj ;SwA wA BBM,(|)kd Roe nBpn M BTvMo Bkv -Tvh z BQ oM BM -A bo /S{Aj S{Aj w AnBM jBM pA o] AoM C w jM {Tv Bjkd jM C -Tvh Bkv BM C RBU BU /k{ Thn ,jAj zU Be An C oj w,k ,AoA AoT zj B] kv nj BA ,UCSp kT{Aj MAod BC ,k kL d /kjM k{ B] BM -oUBLp -T{AjBQoM AoM v ,o~AoA /k{ kM nB M BzTwoQ C B{ nj n - B]oM k{ kv Be -n oo w BM C BnAj -BQ BzhM /kB{Q nAjTw BQow An Be pA SB yAnC ,jM TomQ y SL oB pA ,BLp BAp BM oUBM BzhM,JAoA B nj TLA /Sz koM ,jM nAjnioM Bi BBi BiB { B
  6. 6. 491 oTv B ,Bi ,{B ,nBBM MB pA oA An pA BU wA {B KLw - M /S{Ak j] {B SwnqM kv nj M BLp BAp Ao SvAU A{B /kMB -U SvAU 6/S{Aj nAo vAqM pBwo oYFU SdU ,kMB An zj SwA (105125 : e) AkL -M Bz fB ,wA k pBC oj BM BdnA jq nj Apw w pA Bi BMBM nj k{ kAi (BTvp Aow) kBM {M /jM To B nj An C (kCoM JC B]) BM k{ T{AoAoM/k{BM jo nB oAMoi SiBw nj ,kjM pACoQ BiB BBM -T{Aj M ,BAoAA BiB oTz ] (BwC kL ) Ao M ,BnA BBM -A eAopA ,ABvA AnB] pA oj ioM nAkBM Bo{ j] 7/jo AkU An SzM ,jMAoA o oYFU pA nB{C ABz ,kC nB{ M BwBw k BManBQ nBq Bso A s pA MBUpBM C nj B] i wk bo Ba /SwA {BM fB C njBM S{Aj AMBo BA ;k{ Ao 131 Bw qp oYAoM fB -A k yhM /SwA wAnj i jM a nBU ,MBo nB nj /k{ So jM TB Sp w n nB kAoA xo M C bo jM TB yAnC BAp -oUBLp BM C jAj nBM CM B MC ,Bw Bn M o{ C w Tinj BM oAj y C oM SvB 8/kjM jnCoM BwBw vAqM AnB] y { M A oTvBipA BwBL jBTAoM BA Si ,oAMoi fB MBo So pA uQ Bw j~ -A AoM kjoM jAkM M zj pA An hAnAj ,kjM nAjnioM BAoA BLTzQ/joM An {BM ShTBQ { kATM jAkM BU kjo nB Bw nBa Rk nj onB nAq100,nB~e C nj jM To B nj nB~e An o{ qo /k{ TiBw AoAj { M jAkM-TiBw nj BAoA /kjo T{AoAoM AoA BBzB{ BiB ` Bi kL qLw BiB,(1)joT kp /kT{Aj k y C BLp YBYA JBLwA jnC Ao o{ -Ajo An nBMnj BnqM i ,kj BLp An k{oAnB k jAkM ,BnB{ BjBTwo B Bpow AkzAj BsQyAj kCAo BB] An i fB o BMnB{ nj Aop ,kjM TB Swj UBAoTiA M i nBMnj nj BLB B /kATvAjBAoA RBAoTiA pA ,ZB [o{ MC o{ SBw BnB{ M i BAk( )Lnf i1 e trd
  7. 7. wA kU nj o :z{ yhM 492BzhM BB ,nBpn C jAkM nj 9/k{ kj ,SwA kB d p jMRB~ BB Bnj zi BAoB{ pA B /k{ TB B] k{TiB{B{> BAn -A pA Sz SwjMSwj q MoU o zkA ,k{ B]MB]nj AoA Ako zkA pA zj nj nw BBMooe ShC nj Ba SowM onj ZB AnB k nB M ,kjoM nB M jAkM AnB k Beo kTo BoM - -A vU nj BwBw BB{ BiB zj jAkM jM KLw AkM -A SvB BBPwA A jApi BU /An jAkM ,Lo AnBhM kT{Aj ji za yQ An C AoA-M B -M BeoAkL joM nj M B] ,wBL i n~ ,bBw U j pA SvAUM BBPwA nj Ao]BoQ kp Bw [Q pA uQ Sho BoA M jM AkL -M Bz pA wo Bk a oA ,Lo jAkM C oM jM oj KLw q -A /kwn AoBo,Lo ,BzThTBQ BU kk{ BBPwA BBv Se nj /kpn SMBn BM ,kjM njBU k{ K] zaza - /k oMAoM jAkM BM o yAj ,{ ,RoY o pA kwoM S k ZA M (o nBa kw) w BeoAkL Si k Lo/knC n BAkM w o pA wA Ako AjoB] AoAjwwA o BLp B pA xjkT BTw kM BnB BM Lo B] kv j BeoAkL k{ BM A BeoAkL k nj kv -A /SwA wA B] BBPwA njTz kM Bv M poA C BM kv -A /kjqA C oM BzhM Ak o n~ j e -oo BTw 10/kMoa xAdv Sq oM xAwA SwAk p BA ,SwAkv w M jL kM B`C ,jM k{ jnC n BBTiBw pA kv -A BM oM B B j kjBTA o -A M wA AnB uQ /jnAj B An C kwn n jM A M] AA nj kv JAod /kAqM BTw kM oM BU kpBvM nj ji |Bi BLp BM ,JAod -zQ B BB /kzinj C AoA BAp/kjM jqA kv BLp oM jni o S{AoAoM iB Bw jqw Rk M Lo nBa nj w BeoAkLBi k wA o pnBM B pA (936.324) k{ kAi nAk k{ So C pA BzhM BA ,T{Am Ao M n aoA SwA ukA nj ATw 4313 -T{Aj BM nj ,kT{Aj pBM eo AoqAk BiB /j{
  8. 8. 493 oTv B ,Bi ,{B ,nB{ M B jL jop jpAj M o qLw oo o BnA ,-ooKnM Bo B~ BBM ,n -oo t ,wMC Bnj ,BkoQ RBAeC Bo jM JBw pA oQ e fB nBU oM kAT{ wA AnBB 11/kjMkC kkQ TBe kBzA fB nAj nj oM BMBU BUoQ kjp i Bo M AnAoM fB Ako Swj M o C 12/kC nj Soe M nBU nAkQ B{B nj TLA jnAj pBwv ZAn pA SBe ,jM k{ TiBw nA /SwA kC SwjM Bo AnB] Bz BM BBwsM ,o~ BB /kC nB{M wA o U BB pA oj oBTwAnC u Co Bk kT{Aj BQoM ABhMBT BC nj ,jM BC -oUoAU ,o~TvAqo B` ,S{Aj nAo jn nB oM o~ -zQ ShTBQ ,Bv o{ TLA /S{Ajw M k oAnB An ow oM nB nj oB BA ,jM o~ B BnpBM {BM BiB pAnj Sz BM kM nBM ,k{ TiBw k{ShTBQ AoM fow Bnj/jM oUBLp oj pA o S{Aj nBU jpAj B i fB ,B C pA /S{AjBjoQ AnAj xo An fB AA -oiC ,jM jo kj BC pA ,BjBL ovioBBoU q] poA ,fB C pA 13/SwA jo BnB{ Bz BM nqM nA qLw uA AnAjpBM AonB{ C nj k{ k BTwn nBMnj kp pA vB C oM ,w /SwA kB B] oM oj qa ,kAk{ TiAjoQ j BkpABv nj BAoa nApBM B pA jo jB kM o~ wA o pA -hwB] pn C T o B{A kTwjAj U qAo pA jBAw /kB BUBpA k{k BLp Bo ,k pA k{ TiBw BjnB Twj BB{ BL] /jM wAo BC nj Anp SwQ pA k{ Tij Bz ]B Bo AnB] ,nM w BBw pA oYFT kBM C BMBzMwB B{ pB -Bw Bp /k{jBTwA qU Bz pA oTzM BjAkM RBU -A BM ;k{BM k{ TiBw nB k jAkM ,oB Bv nj /kjAj c]oU An BjC AnB] Beo BBv BA ,kjo nAjJB kw Bz{ ,Bzinj jop ` ,B{ qLw Az{ Bo BU BLTwj BanBQ ,jM kC xi BwA Aj za M zj -v kM BAkThAoM An ovioB Roe q C BLp Bpj BT ooe nAjZ BvA14/jM
  9. 9. wA kU nj o :z{ yhM 494BwC pA w BoU BM BAow kB kB] BB Rnk ,Bp nm njM n ,kkwn -v M 464 Bw M kkC uAqM jAkM AoA An pA ,qoo~U An tkASM kkAn -v pA An Bo~ ,Bw Bw C nj /S{Am ApwA BTe o M {nA nBMj o~U k~ M BL BU k{ WBM -A kjo15/k{ B{C -p oz o o BT{ pA nBvM BM BjoL -A nj kpBTMpAooM ~Akv B{ yhM nj ,A i ,Ao -M AkL 69 Bw Mjo oMAoM ()v nAq Bv kL BM (oh~AL) jM TiBw {BM kL ,ohBM ,C pAo kL BM C x Sz nAj /kA Roe M An ]B BL BTw An C AoQ S{Aj nAo tk oh kv iAj nj /jM k{ kB{Q Ap-TiBw nj C pA ,kjM k{ kL C BLp T{ BL /jM ToAo -np BTwow BMBTj tkASM L BAoBo ,C oM qA /kTo BA BQnA BBv pA nBvM BM BBv BiB Lw M Bo~ nj kp M SowM ,nw AoA dv,kTzpBM ji Bpow M BL pA ATwj kTo i yUBqU BLp Bw JB nBvM zoMA BanBQ ,o C pA kjoM ji BM An wA o pA B,x Le BMC -np BBw -oM BpwnhM BwB B MBTCBQnA AoT Ako yhMBA Sz opAow Jo BBv BiB ,BAqi M16/k{T{m nw nB dv Bnz tkASM oM BL AoBo pA Bw j614 Bw nj kzhM BBQ BC oUoM M kwn An pA ,MA -kAb ,jo nB] jMoL /k{ jqA ~Akv o RBqU oM ,A nBpn M /SiBw jApC An tkASM kL -np y{Q k{ TiBw kv nj oj MAod kjnC Ke nB ,nkw Ja pA 17/Sz kkUpA /jnAj s BB] AoA AoA ,SwA B nj wA o pA -hw T , -A BMyhM kjo ozQ Jo w M TnTn qo BwC BoU ,kM M o nBa kwBv kjnCnj o~UM An -v nw -oA-M pA BzhM AoA pA w,k{ pBC B B o j kw pBC BU Bp C pA ,oU BAkBi Se /kk{ o k AoA ,w BoU k nj sM ,Bw k~z{ Anj -A nj /SB AjA
  10. 10. 495 oTv B ,Bi ,{B ,nB -oA-M AoA nj w Sj zU Se nj /jM wA B] nj oCo18/k{ o BTB M BAoA nBMj SzpBM nj pB o BwCo nBa kw AA nj AoA AnB Swj M A BM -Tvh ,nB njoj -TiBw zow ,jM AnBhM nj BBw BwA B{ BAnC BM ,k{ TiBw nAo C n oM kL k{ TiBw xnBa ,BM -A nj /So nAo {BM BBAnCC ZnBi iAj bw oM B BnBA jBA AoM oUBUao jBTwA BM o]C pA ,Soki B Bp B B` jBA Te BkMJB BMB AA {Ae -TiBw /k{ jBTwA kL kB { nBa kv xjB{j wA BTiBw pA oj o oiC BU 390 Bw jke pAB jo jM BM ,{BM BAnC B M pA jM RnBL C ,SB ZAn wnkv oh B o BM nBTw { M ]oM a B ka B xnBaHMBw) kL nj o{ tMB BAnC BM kB ,jM jBw oTzM pBC nj BBM -A 19/k{nj M T BAnC j kB ,SB -qU BC ]nBi B BkM ; 397 Bw nj (BopA uPw ,SwA TB Sp ThQ BM BC kM -q MAU pA Bo i eB nj w M q BA jq nj AoM oQ M kB ,k{ jBTwA BBM -A nj oM_ k{ TiBw BBAnC ,o Tz kw pBC M T j o BvM kqBMnAq kB ,jnAj U BnU nj M oTzM k{ o {B ~ Bz M -qBU BBAnC BM /SwA k{ BM 832 Bw M RAo jq nj nB~A &AkL ]AipA jnA AnBQ nj BA ,k{ TiBw Tv jo Rn M o BwC nj Bw BpBTwnBM Te B wnk B kv BM BM nw o~ BMA nj nB nj ] oM o x nB k pA nw o~ nj Bn BBAnC nB nj /SB UWe pA ,AnBSp AnB wA B] B] _ nj BA ;k{ jBTwA -qU AoM w20/kkwo AoA Ako BQ M n bo pA jBTwA nj ,MBB nBTMAB] nj Tw BM pBwkv { B pA Svh Bv BAoA ,pBwkv njw BTw -zB] An o]C BBQ S{m ka BA ;kjo oQ jM Jo{ , -A BM /k{ TvM o]C BM kjo AkMA An B nAjt BB kTiBwBBi nB{C Bs pA ,An B AA pA jBTwA BM AoA pBwkv |Bi
  11. 11. wA kU nj o :z{ yhM 496/k{ ,jM BwBw k BiB nB nj nz o{ eA nj sM AoA oU~ BBi S{Aj nMn AA j B AoA jBw BBi AjpA An AA SwA L uQ /k{ TiBw C Be o nBa nj AA nBa oUBAAoM o Q kw j pA ,wn tnAk BM M C pA ,kv M AoA Bi HTLv AA ywoQ -A M o gnBU AozsQ /kMB An ,k{ TiBw BLB,k{ AkQ a ,kC nB{ M kv d -oUtk ,(JAod) BipB ]BwBw nj nj AoA BkzUC { nj An C tBwA ATM kB{ /kAjAj B BhwBQM BC pA ioM ,o A kw A Mn nj AoA M wA jn pA uQ ,jo ]Sv]21/k{ kL BBv yB BB],jM k{ o S B BzA pA yQ BUk pA ,An BA ,AoA BwfB pA aoA ;SwB]oMBQ BA w B] kv BM p /kjAj nAo ji ShTBQM kv B BA B] kv /Sv oLi C MB nqM Ak vw C BB{ k{BM nAjgnBU kv -Tvh kBM ,kB B] oM p k{ TiBw nAp nj 530 Bw-oTM M w nB SMB Rnk /SwA k{ jBTwA AA nBa nB pA ,C njnj /SwA B] Bkv -oU nqM pA ,jo U BA B] kv nj {pA C gnBU SwA Ak AoA nB pA Bw 800 pA yM ,C qBT B BTiBw SvMB B nBa nBQ Be AnAj BA kv /jo oMnj An k BU jpB kw nz op ,AB Bo M 473 Bw nj /jM kv w nBa nj AA BM nqMn oM A M B oTvBi o]C pA nqM nBvM kL ,Bz wnAKA oTC nB TwjoMp pA k{ TiBw kL AoQ nj Bw M xnBa dwoMAoM nj BLp kL ,AZBU ;AB Kn ,C pA uQ Bw Sz /jnAj SBe BLT BM SwA oUBLp oUnATwA oUa A pA jqA AB kL /SwA TB yAnC BLp BnBo]C u BoM_An C kTvAU Aop ;S{Aj wBwA y BBM M kzhMSp nj o]C ,w nj njA A Be - nj BA B] kv /knCnj { o M joa k{AoU BMo]C BM nk BnB pBwB ,o]C BM kLz oUTB BU eo /SwA o]C BM kLz pASp {B BM An C iAj -T kjAj y o]C pA An B {Ae nj - nj /jM
  12. 12. 497 oTv B ,Bi ,{B ,nBM TwAnC qCn pA Bi ,BkL op M] B{ BBUA 22/kkzhM,SwBnAj cw oM Bzinj -n B{B pA z{Q BLp BoM_ Tv]oM BeooM Tz ,kv BM bo -A 23/kC JBve M w o~ nB nBB{AoA k]Bv BU -TiBw nj kM M Bw k pA ,nAjkL BipB BA M AA nBaB { j oM { { kM nB j pA jM RnBL BdA yAnC BU /Sn nB M /BipB ] AA kw pA jM BC RBqU ,kzhM |Bi SMAm] BBM -A M o Bd pA `C TLAM BdA qU kB uPw k{ pBC BM ]nBi nAk] oM Bo]C nBS] BM o nBa k{ kM k{ nBo]C BTv B nj A nBM cw oM x Be oAq a BLB nj qU BkeA RnM koM BM A kM BM An ji kQBM BLUnA nB - Bd pA CM ;k{ BM ]nBi TwQ yhMSp kCnj/k{BM T{Aj C nj kMAhTwAnBo]C pA Be Bz B B k{ AkT o Q kw oiAA pA oM_A { BM jnC j] M 24BwA B x B jo nAoU An qUnj AoA l koC nBSp { nj oUTBBU eo BA /S{Ak kQ BMs o Rn M nA kwn n M 494 Bw Ae pA SwA w nj B B{ Bn M AoM MB B{B pA a RB koM kB BM BAoA k{ kAi o {B jM Bi Bz jnC Swj M AoM ok M BC kBLvaBn BkM BA ,jM jkd jn] Apo Bn M pBC nj o {B /SwAjke nj ,AoA -n B{B /k{ jqA C oM jnp AnA ,Bw ,kw ,AowCo pA UBC wA { M TM BM k{ TiBw n B{B nj o z{ oo~U joM nB M C nj ,Bv BB{jBQ BiB B k]Bv AoM ,SB Sp oBnA M Bi { BLp ,kjo{ o An BTinj Te BjC AnB]25/kk{ eAo Tv]oM Bn BM K B nBTw { M oTzM B{B -A /jnCw pA o Q kw pA o BwC BoU Se aoA ,S kBM Se njM TvMA B` BC nB o BA ,k{ Tv Sn oM Ao BwAoi BwB] kv o nj zn ,Bw Bi pAnj uo oM_ /jM AoA nB o
  13. 13. wA kU nj o :z{ yhM 498 An q ioM BC B nj kTn o BwC M AoA Ako S{Aj BA-kA fB BAo nj Aop ,kAjM B{B AnB{B BC B nj {M kk{BM nBTw { M AoA { M MB B{B pA anBQ ka aBnj Ao nj w /SwA k{ TB AnBnAw o~U-Bw o -TiBw /jL o~d BC nB{B k]Bv BM M w o~ oTiB{ AoA nj Bp -oU- pA oBw /kC JBve M nj C o pA oj yhM BLpBBBw Bp nj nMBz kow nj sM BwAoi nj Svh oBw o /jM k{ n nj o T kw BU Bw Anj nj ,C B -oUpBT BA ,k{ B{z{Q AnAj B oj Bn JC M -q BAk Bp ,BwB 26/kC kkQ B{B Sp n S BM BC pA ioM /kA] C pA n MC Apo Bw JB pA 27/SBB_ ,k{ TiBw wA AoA o gnBU BU nj Ae BvA BoQpA -A BM /jM B{ Beo -A BM joMnB o M ;jL oQ B ukU o MoM 28/SwA {AoUoQ o pA B kwn B M BoQ , w k AoATe kj Bz ,o T kw AoA nB ,Aow pA kpA oQ kB B]Bn joMnB /SwA jM Apo Bzinj JB BM -Bw Bv -TiBwnBM B nB{ uB M Mo qn nBvM Bz kATM BU jAj An BA -A ko M AAo,wjo B{ BA BM BLp nBvM -Bw wB nj , AoM /kAnoPM An Bw BB pApA kpA kBz oT{ oU oM An ji pAa TiAjoQ nB{ M oT{ SzQ oM n AoM pA uQ /SwA jo -a AoM jpkM A x M An C -vQ BQ BU SwA TwAi AoM oUn Beo ,noQ S{nj BnB y B] M Ako , TwAa o M AoT k{ AkQ o -A nj UBU -kM kkkvQ An oUjozM,BU -A /kjAj Bz BU ,k{ TiBw MC kw Bn M , C Bnj joM Ap M n An AoA |Bi oBw o ,o jpB BU Tz Bkw B nj sM29/jAj nAo -a nj nBi nj oBw qCn eAo oYFU opRB SMnp BanBQ zoMA n ,Bw oM qA w o~ AoA AkopA Sn nB M nBq nj AAoM o u ,o z{ kw AA pA /kjo nB q q
  14. 14. 499 oTv B ,Bi ,{B ,nB BwAoi nj q u B{A o joJnp joJo ,o T kw pBC B SB xoTv AoA Jo w M BC pA k{ AkT RAo sM y o -A { BC ,kjo nAT Jo w M An AnzQ AoT ]BAoA Bw k nj /kjoM o~ B{ ,Ao , M ji BM An C nj BnBoM o~ C pA o u ,[oM n oM BLp BnB k BA ,jL Aka n nB30/SwA kB B]-A BM BA ,jnAm BdA M n kA kA AoA nj Twj Bo , oa k njnj Bj -` ;SwA kC Swj M nBq pA BnBB{ nU nj pA BeJq S o Tz kw oiAA nj /SwA oM ,C Lz AA sM ,TiBw BLp nBvM q BAk BU nj sM So n -oA-M nj jo 31/k{M i Bhv -TwAnC C k{ pBC oj BLp o o AoA nj B B nj AnB -oU- /So n kA kA jM BMoj uB BLp (BnUB) BnBBU 475 BBw -M SwA BpnkA pA n~ i hv M T ,SwA Swj nj-A {B gnBU nj AoA oM TwA /SwA k{ U Bo nj 483o BSw BTA :S{Aj AoA {B AoM T j Se /jM -pow noQo nAmBM oj ,k{ AonB AoM pBU BA L AoA M a32/jnC kkQ An Tw BnB BhMBT nj Ako o nB Swoe ,Bv{i Swj nj /k{BM wA nk nj vCo - BLj kBM v{i kCnj wk B{A k`Q nj Bd pA omQBA A RnM Mo{ j v{i B{ AA B nj kjM AoA kqoM Bv{i pA nBvMoLi o z{ kw pA /jM BAoA BnC pA ,Tv Tv{ Tv ,C ki Ahv nj /SwA jM oAj {B i U Bwnk jAkM i nBMnj nj nAjoow {qQ pA o~U ,k{BM k{ ]oU B A pA kBM ,jA JBT pAnj i Bhv KmU jon~ o /j{ kj ,SwA ow Z nAj -TiBwSow M SB ZAn wA B] nj ,kT{Aj RnB q eAo nj BLUB SwjM pBCBw nj , eR BBTwAj /Sn nB M eR kB ,jo BMBT nj o BBo o BB o
  15. 15. wA kU nj o :z{ yhM 500nj AoA nj nBJBT BBhA SBe BM /k{ n~ kM Bw k jke ,k{ T{ 493xnBw M q wjo B{ k T ioM /So n hnBU BpB anAo qoLU Ao nj HUk n~ Bhv kU BBnB /kk{ n~ vpBM BC33/kT{AjKT BnB nj qa o pA yQ wA o nj a o l , e pA uQ _Q BoMA pA jM RnBL ,k{ To A -a nj nBi o pA oB /k{ nB{C ipA MCo ,ABvA AnB] ,jnio Bv BTinj ,{ oh B ,nAjJBU 34/a np bw B] C a nBSp o BU ow B AoA M ji BM o T kw pBC nj BSw -A -TBAn WBM ,o BwC M AoA Ako -TiBwnAT BM TwAiB ,kk{BU 640 Bw M jM BM -Tvh wnk /kkjo -pow C M o/SB Sp BwAoi pA Tho ko Swj M o nB{B BM yBnAj bw jo AkQ ZAn C SB An wA B pA oj nBvM M q AoA nB{B/jo -qU An ]nBi BB owBUow M ,BAA kL a ,BM A BkeA ji AoM zB] SowM ,jM qoQ SepoQ ,o {B o -A TLA~ BnBA Bz B - -A AjBTwA ,kM M o jpB kw AA pA ;SBThQ wT RnAoe BM Bn nj BM Bzdw B Bn B{B n oM Ano BdA pA ABz ,kL oT q [n aoA { -A TLA /kjo kU ,k{ kjM qn RB C ] yMBU kB ,n ka B{B -A Aop ;jM q pBw{B 35/Sn nB M nBo nj k{ ThQ n nj n BM C M An s -A ,C nj BTe U jkU wA B] BAo] nBQnj ,kC Ao o A RBL] C BzhM pA nj ,VjAe oMBM ,Bo jM kzhM/Sz Be C SozQ JBLwA oj zhMAnB] Ako pA toLM Bw o~ nj ,AoA M Bze BM BpAn Ako AkhTwA L nM jM nAjnioM { pA A ji kp /jo SBek{ o~ B Bi Anj oB pA oU nqM nBvM ,toLM ShTBQ ,oB /jo JBABBQ An BC q Be pA Tho BTho Ako sM ,jM
  16. 16. 501 oTv B ,Bi ,{B ,nBC jM k{ kz BB fB joAjo oM MA -kAb Bo M nBM /kTB -AnB nj kM APU n oM toLM Bo M rj nj /SiBw d Bv M An BBTwAj pA ioM B kQ /jM Tn nB M q] BTwBM AoA Bw kjM TiBw nBM CnBA B] ,j{ kj o T kw oB {BM BiB nj `C BM K n { Aq k{ To o Tz T kw o~ pA JBT C BBvA pA ioM nAkPM C AoM pA BnAo Ao M kB{ nw o~ nB k nBq o /jnAm BM ,SwAAn nApBM Tz T Bkw oB nj jM nk C BeoM ;jM kwn BnA M TwAnC BAjnhM w U L pA nBq AA nApBM C nj /k BTA AnBq |Biy C oM SwA kB B]oM oM AwB Anj C pA /k{ T{Am xo M onBpn - nj 36/SwA k{ k jnA nB{ uB ,oT{ ,BkpA ,nBv AjooTv zj Ke nj kkoi kkkvQ BL An BzBnBB{ Aoz{MC qLw fow jnp Bn M AoM JB JC BM An ji Az{ Bo kjMAd ,k{ TwAnC JB JC M k C M Mo nM U y /kTwAnCpBwk] o /kA] Be nj Bo~ C nj BTeA kj Bz An joL pAAn BoA B{ o~ Ako ,BMBT k] Boa n oM wk B{ nj wABhv -A iAj pA i jM Bp nj Swnj -A kz ji wM37/jM jAj ,jM nAjnioM oTzM BBdA pA gv i M An yB] TvMoM Sin ijo JBM o~ nj -kAb Az BQ oM k]Bv j tnAk BTiBw bosM ,AoA nB nj zn ji ;jM k{ kU nw nj w nB n pA ,jMTz kw) -ve Bw nj M T oB nqM wnk /S{Aj ,BA k]Bv tnAkBe w nBa nj /SwA uo BnB_ AnAj C w jnAj kM BpAnj (onBa nj ,B tnj kp |~h UnjU BBUA /SwA k{ TiBw w BAA/jM wA Bo pA |Bi Ak o pA Ak] yhMB] owAow pA o BzkA ,jM k{ jq nBi Ako U d o~ aU jo AoA nj X /jnC Ao BLp nBvM BkkQ kC jo BC nj wAa oBwA }Th nB] t ;j{ kj pAoQ Be nj t pA z -nM , ,BjrA ,t Bz BM An ji SMnp zoMA BanBQ Ba SwA
  17. 17. wA kU nj o :z{ yhM 502 BjrA y kAkA ,kjBTwo o~ B AoBo o M jAj onj jo ]U kBM TLA /jnC kkQ An ApBU wA o ShCnj Mo BLT BM pA BB An tU nj BoMA ,t ,BjrA kB nBvM x wA pA yQ njBpow Jo oz B o BkQ - /kjo T AoA M kTo BaAoA nj BBhA k o M oA BU SwA k{ KLw , AoBo op nBQjBA K] a ,SwA kk ji M An BzA pA oUoAo B] jo MBnj ,oM38/kk{ wA o nj ApBU RBeB M An qoLU ji ShTBQ ,( 694 703 : e) BhA -T ,Bi ApBBM o{ qoLU J] nj ,jM k{ Bv Hwn A /SiBw kL wA o yAj-kAk{n ,xop /SiBw fB BTwnBM BhMBT j Bwnk BC nj joMn B M A qoLU o{ KB] nj ,jM Bp BTho pA ,Ak &A BBi ,B{B , BLB AoM jkT BBi o BBM oM Tz ,k{nBo{ qoLU w M n AoA -oA-M Ako BU k{ K] jo BM ApBwnUBpoA jo FU An 40gA B] A ji 39/kjB ,Bw Ao a ,C AoA n TA JBTo~U nj /SwA Swj nj y k nj k{ TiAjoQ A Bo~U BM C pA BzhMpA ooM BM SwA TvAU xB ,kj Bz a BLwA oM nAw An AnAw ,Cj] BnB -oU- pA /kz o~U M An AnB] bw RBq] ,T Bn A ABw nj JBT C kATiBw zThM -MA d BJBT AoM SwA Bo~U ,AoAq JBT -A BnB B nj /k{ -kU Ao nj BhA - Bo M 689,k{ nAjoMhv qoLU nj 720 Bw M ,wjo B{ u hv Bo~U B pAM poA BB{ -A /kj AU AnB{C wA AoA {B nj An a o oYFUBTw C BnB nj /SwA T{Aj nB 120 jke A nj ,SwA nz JBT uB pA 41/kAk{ ThC nj nBi BTw BM pA yQ oA-M AoA o |Bi ,_Qnj_Q BoMA pAoQ Be nj BkoQ /SwA nBkwA pB] zU wAo oiA42/SwA Soe Be nj A{ w M AoA {B kj Bz SwA a {BTiBw pAo{ nj 742 Bw M oUa B{ AoM Bo~U nj kM Bw ka BAB A AkBi Bo op nBpn C pAo{ tnB Aop ,j{ kj oT a o l ,k{ /jM qoLU BBhA Se pA Tv
  18. 18. 503 oTv B ,Bi ,{B ,nBAoBw SomQ oYFU a oBw o pA nUB {B kB AoA oBwnj /kjo y BdAoQ jApC Beo ,kj AjA An w { B C B] MsM -a pA jB ,MC o B ,BBhA o~ AoA Bw n B{B B] nj Bjo AoQ Bo k`Qnj BoMA ,jM nBpn C (-Q =) BMBi B] oTzM Bn /SwA a pBwBw o l pA Bz -A kC za M,nAj B{B nj sM SwA MC AnA ,Apo ,oTvBi ,Bw B{ n/kB BMoj BLp nBvMM SwA BA B] kv BLp nBvM JAod BBhA k nB_ B pA Beo BM JAod -A ;k{ TiBw ,( 71636) ApB -zB] njAoM ,TBA Bo,nB o BnBB{ pA C AoA Co BUnBL wA { M wk B{BAnC , BhA k BLp nAjkL BBTiBw /SwA nj -A ,nB_ sMB ,SwA C pA j ( 720 :BM Bw) tU nj Aq BAnC Bw nj TBA /SwA BBhA k TozQ nB,BhA o~ BjAp nj k bn -A jBA nj wA AoA BTho xUuQ /k{BQ pA k{ iAj nj BTBh nBTo Se -A jM Tvz nBM M pBUnBpn nCjB ,tU BAo nBLU ;k{ v AoA oM jM nU BC pA,k ,AoA Bpow pA Ak_ A Re 43/SwA BBPw Bze tAooQjMB M n o{ o Sn n~U S{Am oMM An o BwC o~ ,nw kBP oj kz -a BA ,kBQ Tv An ,i Bi yUC B nj ,C o jnAm ,AoBM -ve Bw MA ovBM foB{ sM ,yBjA Akpo jo nUBnU o nj ,kjM k{ kow RAo S]oQ kUoY Bo{ VnABjApkpo pA oU C sM kT{Aj BQoM jkT Bko BBhMBT ,Bkv ,BwnknBYC i KLv ,kk{ o B B BM ,nUpBwnUB oo w oM onB pBw{B nB Bp nj AAo o/kk{pA jM wA B] pA a yhM ukA (j jnBa o) o Tz o njkw BBQ nj q BC BA ,jM kB nB oM nU pA kC nB{ M BB] jk
  19. 19. wA kU nj o :z{ yhM 504nj ,wA Se a qo C , -A BM /k{ ZnBi BBv Swj pA j jqBQ44/jM TwAnC BLp nBvM Bo M yUBe BBQ BBwnj C {BM BBM pA ,S{Aj U o~M Bjj M ,(fow fB) 1236. 634 Bw M ,o~M Bjj oA -Tvh ,oeA -M kd B /SwA,uQ C pA jo BM ohoQ kM pA zhM n oM An ji fB ,jz An Boo nj Q kd B C pA /kjqA A fB oM An BzhM Bjj C AoA pA oBnBM B]oM /SwA B] oM poA jnCnj BLp RnM An AodA o TzpA AijAj AoM Bw BBn /So B nj An o{ , pAo oM AodA AoAnBU M kT{m ,jM C nj kv ,Be pA kTn fB nj M n B{B SwA BM q poA TwoQ nBU -A /kk{ jnA Sw An{ ,oj nBU nj BzA BAo Aow /kAjo So ,jM kj KwC ,An C BoM_ jM k{ TiBw pAnj {Tv ohTwA C ] nj /kTB nBM ,jM oU{oQ-n Bz{ BM nBU BoQ /jo u ji nj An nBU AA BB BTwThC k{oM_ nByoQ w pA op BM An -nM Bk jM k{ k{Q -np BnB_ kzinj MB B{B pA BnAj BMAo B{o pA nBU kjM,jM A jABi Bw SBA d ,fB oj yhM nj /jM k{ kB{Q qLw fowoM w e BM BnA a Be C w nj /C joAjo BBUA jM BeBnBa B] Bz M o nBa C w nBa pA jM nAw w o{ jpAj SzQBoM_ M Be AoQ BnAj cw /Sz An (-LA o{ , ,JC) TzMpBC AoA nj ,An pBwuo BnC -oiC -oUpBU ,fB -A nj /jM TwAnC opA zhM AoA nj pBC nj vo /kj AU ,Sn o~ o BwC M BC pA k{Ako Swj M ,o z{ kw nj ,jM w o]C C cB~ k{ jo{ BM So qU L] Ho ;k{ TiBw _ BM kL Tno nj ,tB o{ nj zAonj /kTiBw oUTwAnC oUB kTo An C Tp L] AodA fB Ako AnBBM AodA fB nj Ao{ Be M] BUA kBnBTw uo kL > :uAoQ Bi T M ,TkM M ,C nj ThC nz Bk BM a RBvU S{Aj An RBU -A AoA uo k{ K] An BM nATwA jBw ,AoA uo Benj ,kzhM AB tBveA 45/
  20. 20. 505 oTv B ,Bi ,{B ,nB,k{ BM oB nj ,k{ TiBw AodAfB Bp B nj HLoU ,C qo nj A`e BM S{Aj xnBa Be wnk C /RBT B nB BM TLA/SwQ Be M -Q kM Bnj BM jM k{ BM w w BM nBU C w o njpA ioM /jM A BipB Se nj oU nqM oj nBU w pA ,C L M n nBU Be nj ;SwA BwBw BiB nB pA MBUpBM nBU C nqM jBMA kACoM BwB{oM n ,-ve Bw wnk w C /SwA BoU nBTMA o pA oYFT ,C wk bopA wBLTA C kL K { M C BM SwA ~T Bw BAnC M ,jnAj L /SwA vAqM BkLnj dv BB{ /S{Aj o{ oYA BBPwA dv AnB nj wA BiB BLp kT{B wA { M BM -TiBw M An Bv AoT BBPwA k{jz Bo{/kjoM BoA M An { -A ,kTo i BBv nAjBe BBi BM ajn An MC n ,kjM TiC Bo~ pA An MB oBw o ,Bo AoBw AodA nj BLp nBvM B{B ,j C KoU pA kThCnj BM ,jM BBv kvQoBw nj BkM ,BBPwA nAjJB Bw BLp BwB /kjo jBTwA BA BBiBanBQ An Bo o B pA oj zhM /jB nr oYA j jqBQ kw BBTA wk Beo nj _Qnj_Q Bi BM AodA { M ,C SMnp zoMA Bpow Jo M Ao An a o oYFU /jnC Ao ,SB Sp BLTo~M -w /So kjB BBPwA BBv o nBYC nj kBL ,jM TB An wA46/kjo zU Bo nj q An onB M -TiAjoQzjo RnB j] BM ,S{m nB{AM B ,q BnU k AoA njkB ,kow nj nU k BBM pA ioM poA /So yQ nj An kBM An o ,nU xSz BTiBw ,BTwn C oM nj nU BAnC /SwB]oMBQ ,MB B{B wk Bz jBw zAnC BM BM oM B /jnAj MC kM kLkw Bw Bn M kL BQ ATwA joAjo oM i M BUnBL TB Spnj nU n oM k{ k{Q Bzinj MB {B pA SwA nAjnB{ kL /SwA k{ T{B /kAjB noQ qLw w BM njxnkQ BAo oU M joM RAo M kow pA An ShTBQ ,nU kpo ,foB{
  21. 21. wA kU nj o :z{ yhM 506B M kv ,() Bn BABAnC nB nj ,foB{ ov ,jB{o /SiAjoQ jM C KLvC o nBU oM ` -d kM BnAj BM oM C Apo kL jo BM jiBM pBwAp o ,A pA uQ BB{ oj foB{ AoBo nBpn nj /kzinj o~/kwn ji ZA M ,k{ TiBw BA kz nj BBM nj -n MB qn B{Bi BMBT U o o~ ,ovBM foB{ Anj sM ,BnU k -`kM Bnj nj qo nj -A oo~U Bd ,Bi ,pBwk] o /jM u47/SB kBuQ C pA k{ kAi kjo AkMA An A{ AoA {B nj AonBBM RAo { Lw M onB /kjAj nAo ji zow An { C Ako pA v -ka jAkM Lw BnB /jM RBT B ,kC kkQ pAo{ jAkM KT nj `CM SomQ oYFU BhA k a o pA oTzM o Tz o nj pAo{ { -A /jM SL RBq] M ]U BM AnB] { -TiAjoQ pBwov B{B AoM 799 Bw M ,jAkM ko ,k] vB nj MlB]oQoizow A AoQ AoM jAkM ko -A BnC /k{ o] ,SwA kz B {opA Ap nj BC jAjB] B] {B B nBM qn Bz -T{B M An BC k{C M ji JC zi -pow nj BAoA> o fn T M BM B Sinj pBwB wo xn nj RAo AonB 48/S{AjA BBoU AoBo nBpn nj pAo{ Ako /kTv jAkM KT MoBw nj foB{ /k{ o { M kjM TB Swj A{ M <
  22. 22. 507 oTv B ,Bi ,{B ,nBnkQ pA L ,JjA S z Be ,ovBM xovQ SB RB 1447 .850BAow ,nBvM RdU RBMA Q nj ,foB{ o pA uQ /jM T jnkM An BkpoB{ A o{ oA ,xop Bw ji /Svz Sw ShU M AoBM -ve BwjAqM -kAB ,AoA gnBU xB -oU nqM /kjM o Be z ,B 50/SwA Tvp -ve Bw nBMnj nj (865 942)Bw nBMnj M Sz kBM a jz B] M kj o kw oiAA nj jAqM/jo Kv Uo{ AoA {B nj S{m qa SB An RAo nj AoBM -vekp A RBq] M C nj So nB M {B nj A{ ,jAqM -kABwAo ,BBLBM BnB ,BnBMnj Tv a vB nBM -Tvh AoM SiAjoQ Apno~U M An C kB ,BT{B Swj M SB Bw nAkU ,BTwn nj pB] zUnj KwBU B{ k nj o j kw pBC nj BnB -A -oUB -oTM /kzpA B Bj BM An qCn { -oUTwAnC k{ TiAjoQ kz -q qoLU AoM sM B AoM jAqM 51/jnC jo ji nj ,AoA jo Apn kp viAn A B kjM B oj Ako k{ nCB Ba koC nUB pA BLp vB kAk{ o~U ji SL M jq Boa |Bh{A A B{B nj /knAmM ji nBYC opjoL Ak xpAjoQ nj sM A /kATB Sp jnp nB MC qLw kp Bn M BU ,SwA n Soe pA oQ BLp A joL Bv /jM TB Ro{ S{Aj TwjQ nj qo AoA onB S{Aj ]U kBM /kB{Q An nBTz pA {B ThMn{ ke-BM nj T bo L n o] A k{ M ;jL SL BpBM j{ v B Bp A nB nj BvkM /jnCnj o~U M An yi n oTzM koQ jC Sinj /knAj joMnB A B] Sn -A 52/SL pA k{ kU B{ BU kTv (OUnC)Bo poM oB pA oj q o BwC nj BX BoU AoBo ok]Bv pA oj A -TiBw M o BwC Bi nj nAoTwA pA uQ BC /jM wAnj /vAqM nAjkL Bv w wnk { pA jM AqC A nj kTiAjoQjM A]nj M BC en nj ,k{ kv uPw jM Bv pBC nj ,BA oYFU SekM M o kw BBQ pA k{ TiBw Bkv pA nBvM nj C nB pA BMBUpBM
  23. 23. wA kU nj o :z{ yhM 508 -oU nqM pA /kB jz BM BX nUAoPA B oj B v o{ nj k{ TiBw 1616 BU 1609 Bw M ,SwA A keA Bw kv BC -oUSBMB xnBa Rn M TiBw oU oU~ An BA z B C z nj SwA To B nj An C kL nBa jnAj A kL kv -A /SwA jnCnjw SwA k{ jqA LB] BnB nB oM oUa kL nBa q C { nBa kB L ka ,k{ zU nqM a BkL BkL pA BM {kLB SwA nAjnioM wk Sj Bn pA BkL AT nkU j53/SwA TiBw oUKB] oUB BA pA KUAo M An C ]nBiB{BQ Bw eAo nB BM B Bw Bw Bo M ,Bw kv nqM kL op nj C BTvL{ /SwA wA nB B oj pA ,k{ TiBwBM C nj B{BQ Bw A nj kATo B nj An C oUa BnB jnAj nAo T{AoAoMpA ,C kLop B kM /SwA ThC nj Bw wn BM nB nj An BBX Sw { _ kL AoA BoQ -n Bz{ SwA oTzM BA kL op BBBQ M An Bw kv BM 968 Bw M B{BQ Bw /SwA T{Am nBU An AAp KmA o BpAkAnBM BwA BnApBM B nj B M An oj kv ,joM /kA Q (-np fB{)MC nAjTM B{B /SwA nAjnioM As yAnC pA BLp nB oM qA kv -AM B{B BM JAod /SwA kB{Q An kv w BoU BnAj ,nB Apo pA yM B kzhM B{n kM za M ` B] nj k{ -q Ak y/SwA k{ woU kv -A B{B nj a{ B] M jM ZA nj q BoU pBw{B oBw ,kv -A BM B M/kjoM nB M Bzinj MB -{n Bn xnBa B{B BM An eo ,-cUB kd Bw iB /kTwAnC TM BM An kv Bk BMBzM BwBBe nBa jM a o{ pAkA M B Bw k nj ,jM jo pBC An C -TiBwnAo Be BTA nj RjBw pAnj pA uQ Bw -o nA /S{Aj pAnj ka nqMBC M jn pB]A BB jM To nAo Bw BThU SzQ ,fB nkA yhM S{Aj kjM jnCoM BAj B{ ,S{Aj nAo BUnA nj ,nBa Be BM nj /kT{Ak An /k{ kj KmAo ovM BB] C pA
  24. 24. 509 oTv B ,Bi ,{B ,nBz BM ,SwA kB B]oM (o j kw) j kqBM Bw pA -np AB]Tz kw nj BX h zoMA /SwA TB Sp B{B n TM kBjo sM ,BBQnA za q BX B`B Ba ,S{Aj nAkoi BQnA nj o,k{ TBM w xo Bn { M BX B`B /SiBw oi An ,BBTApA {Be nj BT{ B] M jM oU{ oUk`Q BC wk Bz C q]TomQ oYFU AoA nj AkT Bz pA oTzM UBC SBM B{o /k{ jBTwA TMo pA oU o B] M k{ TBM BX -w fB AoM v B{o nj sM ;jMAA pA ,q jBw /k ] kBh Swj xo BU kjo jBTwA AoAj] BX Bw fB B{o B nj ,kMB yAnC JAod y BM oTzM SwA `Bnj jM k{ kM Ako AoT B M ,k{ kAi ,fB C /S{AjBBo BM BAo nj oTzM BC o kk{ kj q Swjoa BBi BC BxABhMBT i Bhv AoM BU jAj Bo B Bw /k{ nAj BX BwpA /SwA oza AoA AonB B{B l BC nj TLA kpBvM BLp BnUBB] gnBU pA k j Bo~U S{Aj B ,B Bw nBMnj B{B -A /SwA nB Bw BwnB ow oM AoA nj Te ,kw ka pA uQ 907 Bw M BwA n BMSwn ow oM qTw iAj BB kBzo o BwA y{ S oTzM /kC,o M ,Sz nkQ -zB] A] nj ,KwBU ,xkpo BA /k{ zU Km M kzhM /jAj Bz TvLj ,Bi {B sMB) onB kd Bw oj jAqM ,AoA o Bj nAkB Ako pA -U j,jAqM /kjM jAqB{ -A BM oB (o j . j jqB{ o Svh njTw BhMBT un , BwA k nj ,jM kC qoLU M RAo pA BMpA Bp nj ,ovBM BM SMBn AoM kU M BwA B{ /k{ BBd BBi ,B{B SwoQow B{BU jAj nTwj ,kjM jAj KUoU BLp uB BM B{pA v hv A nTwj M B BpA n~ i hv -oUkpnA JBT -A 54/knC j]M B uB BM An LwBU,nBpn C AonB -oUTv]oM C u 258 pBwn~ nj SwA wjo wBe -U ka kdSwj ,o , kw o ,oBC ,n~o ,kdBw a
  25. 25. wA kU nj o :z{ yhM 510BM (15431539.950946) B pA u Ahv 55/kT{Aj So{ ,oj vi|Bh{A /Sz KUo KwBU AoM ,n~ u jnBa BM ,AonB - SnBzow oM wn M nBTwj nBMnj BMAo B] kAAkAnBM hv -A uB,onB kd Bw k{ U Tw BhMBT AoM B nB{A pA oj Ahv /knAj/jo nB C U nj ,oMC nj -o{ joTMC nB kz BM q ,KwBU SwjTL BA ,jo oQ - Tw pA jAkj j jAjnAo KUoU nj u -A nj kd Bw /jM nC Bz kz o~U M j C AoQ BMBT k] n /jM nAjnioM o |Bi SAo pA BMBT AoM pBwk] ,nj -A njk -oa pBwk] /kkz L oB o Bz wnB BUnBL BM B{BBeAo - GoB 56/So oYFU RAo Ako o pA ,KwBU nj nj sM , /kkoC An B{o bo kjM k] SzQsM ,jq nBi nj j pA yQ Q kw pA BMB S SwA v oA -ApA yQ Q kw BAoBo pA oL nj M JC joSz /SwA jM ,AoA`B ,AjB] h M C kLU opBQ B M d nj M] oLw nj jkC Swj M /SwA T{Aj B d B AoM BwCq A M An oT 2*1.83 -zQ,-Tvh AnBpn nj Te ,A oM SwA -{n j jBTAnj Ba B] nj opBQ B 57/k{ njB Swjnj B M u ATiBwSwj ` AoA B SwA T{Aj ZAn o T kw pA TwQ {n BM jBp jAkU M B AA SBM/SwA kC Swj M oj Bo{ nj w nqM k]Bv nj BC pA B KoU B nBMnj BBMB jAj fn B AoA BMB nj ojBM Ao qo nj nqM oU pA jM RnBL ,kjoM nB M An i Bhv nBKmU nBa B w qo [oU AoA nj /B -T { nBa nj [oU Mn nBa,BC kMBU nj onj pA jBTA ok n oM wA nBU x pA qBTjBU jBA BM B B pA BB qCn /kC SwjM AoT yqn eo BT{o BjC k{ oU {Be p Bz [oU B pAzanj B B -T oM B B{B B pA vB BU B{ nB{ pA BdwA BzA Bz Bz -A nj ]U KB] T /Sz jqA {Be BoU
  26. 26. 511 oTv B ,Bi ,{B ,nBji nBMnj nj KwBU j{ T /SwA SL BC yhMBA SwA -A BB oQ nj nj /jM k B bo kz M q ji jo BQoM BMxo BnB BC pA k{ TBM oLT - BA oMB k]Bv M AkA AoM AoA B{o -oUu ,uAoQ -Tvo /jM k{ TBM g{ BAnC AoM SwA {o C SwA BM pnj BBw B BM tjo BM ` C noQ MC p> :kv ,SwA kj An CoUa BoU An C joAjo kAjnCnj nqM -np [oU C B nj k{k{QB{Be kATiAjoQ SwA xo C tkU Bz kv k C w o nj Toxo -A / BA pA ,S{Aj BQoM ( BA Mo J] nj) BA nj AB BT]A TMoU j Bqo oM Tz ,BTiBw B C pA yQBBM C BC BTeA BA ,jM k{ TiBw BAoBo S M ,oi BnB oM kTiBw B{o jn o{ B ShTBQ pA B] o nj |Bi SBn kM An
  27. 27. wA kU nj o :z{ yhM 512 o{ nB -A AoM tBL B{ Bp nj BA /SwA kB BM BC pA qa poA TiBw Ak B M nqM Ak -kM ;k{ U z pA MBUpBM C bo /k{ BQoM nqM BM C nBa pA o w nj uPw/S{Aj MBw kM M BTwBM nj pA AoA nB nj jM nqM nBvM AA nBa BTiBw ,o~ nApBM njow ,&A g{ kv ,B{ kv pA jM RnBL C k BM nBa jM nApBM ,oT k~BQ pA yM pAnj M ,o{ K nj B{ Ak 60/QBB RnB-op L /kB{Q Lj BM An Ak AoA /B BM pAkAoU pBMBa Aknj /kTiAjoQ ji o BzoC M C nj AnzQ AnB k ,AnBq jM BBj (1603 . 1012) k{ TiBw &A g{ BLp o kv ,Ak o{ KB]oj ,MB B{B BM kL nj BTvL{ nB{B ,BM BMoj jBw nB pA T{m n oM ,iB{ oM TM pA kL oM y /jnAjA {n M An MBz BBMMC p n oM kw n BM Mo i M nj pA kL BLT k{ i jh pBe SwA oU nqM &Ag{ kv pA TLA BA B{ kv /SwA k{ T{B owL y{ nj QBB fB ,B{ Ak Mo KB] nj /SwA oza C { jnAj w njBz] BpBM kj B{ -Tvz AoM Tw oQ AA C nBa L nj k{ TiBwBM ,QB B SzQ nj /SwA MC fow {B BM oM_ AnAj BBUA w /SwA kC Aonj tBLB{ /SwA nAjnioM ji |Bi S BLp pA SwA k{ A Tw a jo VAkeA nBa Sinj jn -ka BM BMnBa B M Bzj o BMBi o{ qo/SwQ Bhjn&A Q B Q w w M C BBQ-oiC An j k kw A . o jpB kw AA jnAj e -v] kB{ jM Bp pA oM C nj Aop ;SwA jnC nB{M nB B] nj wA L B{ eonj BA B{ Ak BBM :k{ i wA B] { w nj o nBB{ w nj A keA Bw kv ,k nj d ZBU B BAnC BM ,AoA 61/BX~U UoQ uB kz B] M ,onB Ako , KwBU k oiAA pA oUjAoA oUa B{B kz M ,nBMnj B{ BMAo BMBT -TiBw n~ kATM BU kjp Swj BnBMnj BBen AoB{ BBTwn kp pA Bv -TiBw
  28. 28. 513 oTv B ,Bi ,{B ,nB-A nj /kj B] ~h{ nj nqM BBi v{i B BM An BCoUS{nj An BBvA oQ kjo tBLTA -zQ nqM BLoU B pA An -U j B oa ,nBYCRo{ Tv]oM B{B pA -U j B B{B ,tBL B{ nj BA nj /kkz T{m pAj o oiAA.j k o AA jqB{ o oiAA nj B) Bn BC :S{Aj AAo/kk{ TiB{ o { C BAzQ wBL Bn uPw (o jpB o AA B{ nBMnj nj ,(15721634. 9801044) wBL Bn ,Lw -A ko -oUnAkBoM {B A A pA uQ A oB Ako zow Sow M A BnB jM tBLBMnBa BBB oM A {B M TiAjoQ nAj nBYC pA nBvM k{ B{B BnAj eAo nj dU BM jM BA KT AnAmBM pA wBL Bn /SvM y BABn B -A poA /k{ AoA onB nj dU WBM ,kk] B JBhTA62/SwA k{ TomQ HLoU ,j -A nBYC ke pA yM jq KLw M ,SwA BnBC B wBL jM ,wBL Bn joB{ ,n~ - o jpB kw A Mn nj oj B ko T M , -A BM /jM TB Uo{ hnBU ABvA B nj A B{B sMnj AoA o zkA BA ,jBTvApBM SozQ pA o~ AoA jo tBL B{ ,jnB{63/jAj AjA ji kp M jM k{ kAoQ AoA o{ Jo Bpow nB] a S{Am An ko nUAoPA jBM ,nU jA ,ApooMBM ,k njM ji BM An nU Akpo k BLp Bo kow {BM BBM Bn ,jM SwjoBBn Bjjow -A aoA /kC kkQ k { B M A{ C pA joM ksM ,RAo KT nBYC pA ioM jM nk C BA ,jpAjoPM o M BU S{Ak So Aka k /jnC jo An jAqM -kAB BnBBM nBn nj 951 Bw M ,jM joM VnA M An o M nkQ z ,B ,xkpokp /jnC BQ AoA nj nBMnj M jqoM k{ nBaB ,j B{jBQ ,nw B{o{BC pA o SzpBM B nj j{ B{C o JBMnA BM BU jAj BA A M AoA nj A Bw{ A nj /jjo k nj AoA o o nBMj l K] joM k M ji BM Ankw o kC oM k AoA onB qC - j pA {B nj k . 9201000) pAo{ k~AkL ( 15041567. 910975 jke) qoLU BTwAj AoM k AonB nB BM kjM AoUn pA (15141591
  29. 29. wA kU nj o :z{ yhM 514qeoA BTwAj pA Avn /kk{ k KT nAm BQ kkz AAo BvjpAj ,jM TB Sp oC nj k ko BQ kwo BnB pA u 1400 M 64/kz ApAnj M ,B kpo ,oLA B{jBQ nBpn BU C nB k{ k]uB /S{Aj AAo TvLj q nB M ,jM k Bn B{jBQ -oU nqM ,oLAA /jpBw nB{C An A iA Bs pA ioM ,SwA k{ TiAjoQ o AoM AAo B LAM] jn nPdT nqM kv /jnCoM BiB BL BkL ow nPdT oC njBiB BA ,jM k AoA nB pA AThC ,k{ kAi ,C BLp,A Bo M /Sz nAjnioM k { pA oTzM yAnC bo We pA ow nPdToLA /C nB nj kM ]oM w nj Be BM k{ TiBw ,o ,xAdv p AoM ABinj B /jB Ao M n kB oT ka pA uQ BiB C kB nPdT nj TLA , BMxo o A k nj /Svz ShU oM ,oB] ,xkpo S{mnj 1014BM RBU BM ,So n ,jM joM AoA pA oB BL{o ka Ao M An C Bnj {B o n -A /jAj Bz AAo A onB {B M oB] /AoA {ShU oM ,B] B{ M K oB] kpo ,-kAJB{ 1038 nj a SB AjA kyAo oTzM nB M A , -A BM /jM jo AAo SozQ k {B ,Svz B{ /jAj Bzk]nA> ,xov BAnC A M d ZBU oM BM , Bo M TAo BM ;SwA nU k AoA nB pA oYFT BM -A Lw /k{ TiBw ,