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Draft version June 9 2020Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX62

A Catalog of Short Period Spectroscopic and Eclipsing Binaries Identified from the LAMOST amp PTF Surveys

fan yang1 2 3richard j long4 5

su-su shan1 3bo zhang6 rui guo1 3

yu bai1 zhongrui bai1 kai-ming cui1 3song wang1 and ji-feng liu1 3

1National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences 20A Datun Road Chaoyang District Beijing 100101 China

2IPAC Caltech KS 314-6 Pasadena CA 91125 USA

3School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

4Department of Astronomy Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

5Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK

6Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 Peoplersquos Republic of China

ABSTRACT

Binaries play key roles in determining stellar parameters and exploring stellar evolution models We builda catalog of 88 eclipsing binaries with spectroscopic information taking advantage of observations from boththe Large Sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) and the Palomar Transient Factory(PTF) surveys A software pipeline is constructed to identify binary candidates by examining their light curvesThe orbital periods of binaries are derived from the Lomb-Scargle method The key distinguishing featuresof eclipsing binaries are recognized by a new filter Flat Test We classify the eclipsing binaries by applyingFourier analysis on the light curves Among all the binary stars 13 binaries are identified as eclipsing binariesfor the first time The catalog contains information position primary eclipsing magnitude and time eclipsingdepth the number of photometry and radial velocity observations largest radial velocity difference binary typethe effective temperature of observable star Teff and surface gravity of observable star log g The false-positiveprobability is calculated by using both a Monte Carlo simulation and real data from the SDSS Stripe 82 StandardCatalog The binaries in the catalog are mostly with a period of less than one day The period distribution showsa 022-day cut-offwhich is consistent with the low probability of an eclipsing binary rotating with such a period

Keywords (stars) binaries (including multiple) close mdash (stars) binaries eclipsing mdash (stars) binaries generalmdash (stars) binaries spectroscopic

1 INTRODUCTION

Binary systems common in stars play important roles infor example determining stellar parameters understandingthe evolution of stars measuring distances and tracing blackhole candidates Binaries usually appear as a single point inimages because of the distances involved Some binary starscan be identified from optical spectra (Campbell amp Curtis1905 Abt amp Willmarth 2006) and are termed spectroscopicbinaries (SB) Among all the binary stars a very smallfraction closely aligned to the line of sight are revealedas eclipsing (Guinan amp Engle 2006) the so-called eclips-ing binaries (EB) They allow us to derive the fundamen-tal stellar parameters such as mass radius and luminosity(see Daniel et al 1967 Andersen 1991 Wilson amp Devinney1971 Wilson 2012 Prša amp Zwitter 2005 Prša et al 2016)

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Thus binary systems serve as testbeds for stellar evolutiontheories (see Chabrier et al 2007 Torres amp Ribas 2002)

Eclipsing binaries with spectroscopic information are aparticularly powerful tool They are used as a standard candleto determine the distances to the Magellanic Clouds the An-dromeda Galaxy (M31) and the Triangulum Galaxy (M33)(see Paczynski amp Sasselov 1997 Paczynski amp Pojmanski2000 Guinan et al 1998 Wyithe amp Wilson 2001 Bonanos et al2006) Some EBs with both optical and X-ray observationsare identified as black hole candidates (see Liu et al 20132015 Casares et al 2014)

After two centuries of observations the EB sample hasnow reached several hundred thousand The beginning ofEB studies can be attributed to John Goodricke in 1783Herschel (1802) was the first to use the term binary starfor double stars The term spectroscopic binary comesfrom work by Edward (1889) and was used explicitly byVogel (1890) As a result of multiple research activities(egSwope amp Shapley 1938 Ferwerda 1943 Baade 1946) the

2 Yang et al

size of the EB sample increased to several thousand In thepast twenty years due to the results from photometric mi-crolensing surveys (eg EROS Grison et al 1995 MA-CHO Alcock et al 1997 OGLE Udalski et al 1998Wyrzykowski et al 2004 NSVS Otero et al 2004) the sam-ple size grew rapidly to about 15000 Paczynski et al (2006)then almost doubled the number by identifying and classify-ing 11076 eclipsing binaries from the All Sky AutomatedSurvey (ASAS) The work from Paczynski et al (2006) isparticularly important because of their use of Fourier trans-form in analyzing light curves In this work our analysisuses the same Fourier technique Kepler space mission iden-tified 2165 EBs with precise light curves (Prša et al 2011Matijevic et al 2012) Soszynski et al (2016) published alist of over 450000 eclipsing binary candidates toward theGalactic bulge in OGLE survey

EB catalogs with spectroscopic information are chal-lenging to produce since the multiple spectroscopic ob-servations required are highly time-consuming activitiesThe first large sample of spectroscopic binaries was madeby Campbell amp Curtis (1905) The ninth edition of thissample was published in (Pourbaix et al 2004) extendingthe number of spectroscopic binaries to 2386 Catalogsof solar-type spectroscopic stars (eg Abt amp Levy 1975Duquennoy amp Mayor 1991 Raghavan et al 2010) increasedthe total number of spectroscopic binaries by a few hundredAmong all the binary star observations the EBs with spec-troscopic information providing the most comprehensiveconstraints on the binary parameters are still rare

This paper describes a catalog of spectroscopic and eclips-ing binaries from the Large Sky Area Multi-Observation fiberSpectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) survey and the PalomarTransient Factory (PTF) data The combination of a verylarge number of spectra and photometry light curves enablesus to systematically study binary systems (Gao et al 2014Kao et al 2016) Spectra tell us more about the observablestars while the light curves are used to determine the or-bital properties of the transit system We utilize Flat Testmethod on the light curves to remove contamination by vari-able stars such as Cepheid and RR Lyrae stars

Our catalog contains 88 spectroscopic and eclipsing bina-ries among which 13 EBs are newly identified The sourcesin the catalog all have good quality light curves The catalogcontains orbital parameters as well as the stellar parametersof the observable companion Some parameters like effectivetemperature of observable star Teff surface gravity of observ-able star log g help to constrain the evolution of binary starsThe binaries in the catalog show the 022 day cut-off in pe-riod distribution which supports the rareness of binary starsrotating with such a period

The paper is organized as follows In section 2 we brieflydescribe the survey data The binaries selection algorithm

and the catalog are presented in section 3 In section 4 weassess our catalog and discuss the 022 day cut-off in the or-bital period distribution In section 5 we give a summary

2 THE DATA USED FROM LAMOST AND PTF

The catalog is established from the survey products ofLAMOST and PTF We use LAMOST to derive stellar pa-rameters and the radial velocity of the observable star PTFdata is used to obtain the orbital period and morphologicalfeatures of the light curve

21 LAMOST Data

LAMOST (Large Sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectro-scopic Telescope) employs the Guo Shou Jing Telescopewhich is a 4 meter aperture Schmidt telescope with a 20square degree field of view Taking 4000 spectra per ex-posure the limiting magnitude is r = 178 at resolution Rsim 1800 (see overview Zhao et al 2012 Cui et al 2012)The survey contains two parts the LAMOST Extra Galac-tic Survey (LEGAS) and the LAMOST Experiment forGalactic Understanding and Exploration (LEGUE) survey(Deng et al 2012)

Spectroscopic binaries can be classified if the spectral linesfrom both companions are visible (a double-lined spectro-scopic binary) or if the spectral lines from only one starare detectable (a single-lined spectroscopic binary) (egMatijevic et al 2010 2011) The identification of double-lined spectroscopic binaries in LAMOST spectra is generallydifficult due to limited spectral resolution (Rsim 1800 equiva-lent to sim150 km sminus1) unless the radial velocities or the spec-tral types of the component stars are significantly different(for example white dwarf-main sequence binaries Ren et al2014) The forthcoming LAMOST-II medium-resolutionspectroscopic survey (MRS Zhang et al 2019) with resolu-tion increased to Rsim 7500 will assist in identification Workis in progress on searching for single-lined and double-linedspectroscopic binaries by modeling spectra (Zhang et al inprep) In this research we identify binary stars via eclipsingand significant radial velocity differences of the same compo-nent in multi epoch observations All the systems identifiedare regarded as single-lined spectroscopic binaries

Xiang et al (2017) released the fourth edition of the value-added catalog of the LAMOST Spectroscopic Survey of theGalactic Anticenter (LSS-GAC DR4) LSS-GAC is a majorpart of the LEGUE project The catalog contains more than3 million stars down to a limiting magnitude of r sim 178 magcentered on the Galactic anticentre (|b| le 30 150le l le 210)The stellar parameters are derived by a pipeline based onminimum chi-square template matching (LSP3 Xiang et al2015) The radial velocity (RV center shifts of the spectralines) and stellar atmospheric parameters (effective tempera-ture Teff surface gravity log g metallicity) are the free pa-rameters of the template fitting

3

We chose sources with multi-epoch observations in LSS-GAC DR4 requiring ∆RVmax (the difference between thehighest and smallest RV values of the same component ofa given target) to be 2 times larger than the largest radial ve-locity error The typical spectral signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)is gt 10 The radial velocity precision is about a few km sminus1

(Xiang et al 2017) This procedure helped us select 128833objects with 421436 observations The number of observa-tions are shown in Figure 1 Those large RV variation starscould be binary systems or variable stars such as RR Lyraeetc We then cross matched these candidates with the PTFdata

0 10 20 30 40Number of observations

100

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ber of stars

Figure 1 The number of observations of LAMOST targets

22 PTF Data

The Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) employs an 8 squaredegree camera installed on the 48 inch Samuel Oschin tele-scope A 60-inch telescope is used for following-up observa-tions The survey aims at time-domain events with cadencesfrom 90 seconds to a few days (Law et al 2009 Rau et al2009) With exposure time of 60 seconds the PTF 5σ limit-ing magnitude is mg

prime sim 213 and mR sim 206 The PTF collab-oration released more than 8 billion light curve tables priorto Sep1 2016

To select a radius for cross-matching we randomly chose100000 non-variable stars in the SDSS stripe 82 StandardCatalog (Ivezic et al 2007) The position difference betweenSDSS and PTF is used to validate the PTF astrometry preci-sion (see Figure 2) The sharp decrease in cross-match radiusoccurs at 2 arcsecs Considering the uncertainty of LAMOSTastrometry we took 3 arcsecs to be the cross-match radiusbetween the PTF and LAMOST data

We also randomly chose 105 sources in the SDSS Stripe82 Standard Catalog to evaluate the photometry precision ofPTF multi-epoch observations We used the magnitude stan-dard deviation of the standard stars as the statistical error ofPTF photometry (see Figure 2) The magnitude standard de-viation is less than 01 in the magnitude range 14 to 20 whichis the magnitude range for our work

0 2 4 6 8 10Distance (arcsec)

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bers

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Figure 2 PTF Astrometry and Photometry precision Upper panelthe astrometry precision The x-axis is the position difference forthe same source between SDSS and PTF The y-axis is the matchednumber at certain position difference Lower panel the photome-try precision The x-axis is magnitude while the y-axis is the magstandard deviation The red line indicates the median value of themagnitude error

The sources selected from the LAMOST data werematched to the PTF light curve data base1 39179 stars with2784673 observation frames requiring the goodflag=1were retrieved both in g

prime

and R band The tag goodflagensures the quality of the photometry in PTF We analyzedthese sources in our binary systems identification pipeline

3 THE CATALOG OF SPECTROSCOPIC ANDECLIPSING BINARIES

31 Finding Binaries

Our method of finding binaries is built into our softwarepipeline and involves two steps The first is the Lomb-Scargle periodogram (Lomb 1976 VanderPlas amp Ivezic2015 VanderPlas et al 2012) which searches for the orbitalperiod The second is the Flat Test developed by us whichremoves artifacts as well as contamination from other vari-able stars In addition every light curve is subject to a visualinspection to assure the purity of the sample

We applied the Lomb-Scargle periodogram for PTF datato search for significant periods The significant period is

1 httpsirsaipaccaltecheducgi-binGatornph-dd

3

We chose sources with multi-epoch observations in LSS-GAC DR4 requiring ∆RVmax (the difference between thehighest and smallest RV values of the same component ofa given target) to be 2 times larger than the largest radial ve-locity error The typical spectral signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)is gt 10 The radial velocity precision is about a few km sminus1

(Xiang et al 2017) This procedure helped us select 128833objects with 421436 observations The number of observa-tions are shown in Figure 1 Those large RV variation starscould be binary systems or variable stars such as RR Lyraeetc We then cross matched these candidates with the PTFdata

0 10 20 30 40Number of observations

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

Num

ber of stars

Figure 1 The number of observations of LAMOST targets

22 PTF Data

The Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) employs an 8 squaredegree camera installed on the 48 inch Samuel Oschin tele-scope A 60-inch telescope is used for following-up observa-tions The survey aims at time-domain events with cadencesfrom 90 seconds to a few days (Law et al 2009 Rau et al2009) With exposure time of 60 seconds the PTF 5σ limit-ing magnitude is mg

prime sim 213 and mR sim 206 The PTF collab-oration released more than 8 billion light curve tables priorto Sep1 2016

To select a radius for cross-matching we randomly chose100000 non-variable stars in the SDSS stripe 82 StandardCatalog (Ivezic et al 2007) The position difference betweenSDSS and PTF is used to validate the PTF astrometry preci-sion (see Figure 2) The sharp decrease in cross-match radiusoccurs at 2 arcsecs Considering the uncertainty of LAMOSTastrometry we took 3 arcsecs to be the cross-match radiusbetween the PTF and LAMOST data

We also randomly chose 105 sources in the SDSS Stripe82 Standard Catalog to evaluate the photometry precision ofPTF multi-epoch observations We used the magnitude stan-dard deviation of the standard stars as the statistical error ofPTF photometry (see Figure 2) The magnitude standard de-viation is less than 01 in the magnitude range 14 to 20 whichis the magnitude range for our work

0 2 4 6 8 10Distance (arcsec)

104

105

106

Num

bers

14 16 18 20Mag

00

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

MagStd

Figure 2 PTF Astrometry and Photometry precision Upper panelthe astrometry precision The x-axis is the position difference forthe same source between SDSS and PTF The y-axis is the matchednumber at certain position difference Lower panel the photome-try precision The x-axis is magnitude while the y-axis is the magstandard deviation The red line indicates the median value of themagnitude error

The sources selected from the LAMOST data werematched to the PTF light curve data base1 39179 stars with2784673 observation frames requiring the goodflag=1were retrieved both in g

prime

and R band The tag goodflagensures the quality of the photometry in PTF We analyzedthese sources in our binary systems identification pipeline

3 THE CATALOG OF SPECTROSCOPIC ANDECLIPSING BINARIES

31 Finding Binaries

Our method of finding binaries is built into our softwarepipeline and involves two steps The first is the Lomb-Scargle periodogram (Lomb 1976 VanderPlas amp Ivezic2015 VanderPlas et al 2012) which searches for the orbitalperiod The second is the Flat Test developed by us whichremoves artifacts as well as contamination from other vari-able stars In addition every light curve is subject to a visualinspection to assure the purity of the sample

We applied the Lomb-Scargle periodogram for PTF datato search for significant periods The significant period is

1 httpsirsaipaccaltecheducgi-binGatornph-dd

4 Yang et al

0 50 100 150 200 250 300period (days)

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Figure 3 The period power distribution Upper power distributionof all the periods Lower power distribution of the period from 0 to3 day The vertical lines show the period gathering at 1 day and theharmonic periods at 025 and 05 day

identified as the period at peak intensity if the peak is higherthan a level predicted by false positive probability The peakhere we applied is an optimized peak using the method fromVanderPlas et al (2012) The optimization is a two-step gridpeak searching First it searches a broad grid for some can-didates and then zooms in using a narrower grid to find thebest estimation of the period peak This method avoids pos-sible false peak detections due to binning The real peak issometimes smoothed to be smaller when the binning size istoo large A solitary peak is treated as improbable if a clumpof peaks appears when reducing the binning size The periodfinding process is illustrated in Figure 4

The false positive probability we applied contains twoparts The first is the false alarm probability reported byLomb (1976) We required the evidence level of 9999The second is based on the statistical properties of the peri-odogram The threshold is defined as the 3σ excess to themedian value of the power spectral density The period mustsimultaneously satisfy both parts of the false probability tobe accepted as a significant period

Then we put all the sourcesrsquo periodograms together (in Fig-ure 3) to remove artifact signals The orbital periods signifi-cantly cluster at 1 day and its harmonic periods such as 025or 05 day because of the alternation between night and dayfor the ground-based telescope We rejected sources if the

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

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00 02 04 06 08 10phase

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Figure 4 The period finding process using LPSEB2 as an exampleThe upper left-hand panel has the largest bin size The upper rightpanel has the bin size reduced by a factor of 10 and the lower-leftby a further factor 10 The lower right panel shows the light curvefolded with the optimized period The upper left panel has the samebin size as used in Figures 7 and 10 The red dashed line indicatesthe optimized period which is half of the orbital period The inten-sity of the real peak is weak in the upper left panel Reducing thebin sizes reshapes the peak intensity with the real peak becomingstronger and surrounded by a clump of peaks The final reductionin bin size in the lower-left panel does not significantly change theintensity distribution

most evident power is within 005 day of 1 day We founda long timescale power excess (in Figure 3) which was dueto the difficulty with long-time calibration We accept onlyorbital periods between 001 to 10 day After following theseprocedures we were left with 275 variable sources with si-nusoidal periods

These variable sources were then analyzed using the Flat

Test method we have developed which is a filter for investi-gating the characteristics of a light curve For the close binaryeclipsing systems we were interested in the systems shouldbe highly orbitally circularized (Hurley et al 2002) In mostcases the binary systems have a shorter phase at eclipse thanout of eclipse Outliers appear among a few overcontact sys-tems like some RR Centauri (Yang et al 2005) which mightbe missed by our detection Over an orbit tangential velocitycan be taken as a sinusoidal function over time Radial ve-locity which is orthogonal to the tangential velocity is morecommonly used since it can be calculated from the spectraof the binary A typical light curve and the associated radialvelocity curve are shown in Figure 5

The light curves of eclipsing binaries should be flatter atthe top than at the bottom which enables them to be distin-guished from the RRc Lyrae variable stars(Kallrath amp Milone2009) RRc Lyrae stars sometimes have a symmetrical si-nusoidal light curve unlike Cepheid and RRa RRb LyraeMoreover the RR Lyrae stars have a typical radial velocityamplitude of about 30kms to 50kms which locates at a sim-ilar place as EBs in the RV distribution The Flat Test helps

5

minus02 00 02 04 06 08 10 12Phase

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Mag RV

Figure 5 Upper orbital morphology of EB systems the circlesindicate two components Middle The simulated radial velocityof the observable star Lower the light curve of the EB systemLPSEB71 The presented RV curve corresponds to the componentmarked with the darker circle

us remove such periodic light curves which are not binarysystems

In applying the Flat Test we calculated the local averagemagnitude (Magave) along the direction of the transit phaseWe compared the gradients of Magave around the maximumand minimum of the light curve The gradient here is de-fined as the difference between Magave in the transit-phaselength of 02 and the transit-phase length of 01 We defineda threshold to help us assess whether the source is an eclips-ing binary or not The threshold was set in such a way that thegradient around the maximum phase should be 2 times largerthan the gradient at the minimum phase After applying theFlat Test 178 out of 275 sources were eliminated leaving uswith 97 candidates Light curves with a significant period butrejected by Flat Test are shown in Figure 6

The light curves of our 97 candidates from our pipelinewere subjected to visual inspections of the amplitude andshape of the curves The amplitude of the light curve ismodulated by eclipsing and ellipsoidal variations limb dark-ening reflection and beam effects(see Jackson et al 2012Mazeh amp Faigler 2010) The first two should make the lightcurve reveal two similar maxima and two minima in one or-bit In contrast the reflection and beam effects should ap-pear only once in one orbit In our sample eclipsing andellipsoidal modulations dominated the variation of the lightso we expected two maxima and minima in the folded lightcurve 88 binary systems are left as our final sample

The shapes of the light curves can be classified into threetypes contact (EC) semi-detached (ESD) and detached (ED)binaries (Paczynski et al 2006 Matijevic et al 2012) Thelight curves of EC and ESD types are continuously varyingwhile ED type is almost flat-topped The EC binary havinga deep common envelope also known as W UMa tendsto cause a more ellipsoidal light curve with (but not always)similar eclipsing depths The contact is not strong enough in

000 025 050 075 100phase

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Figure 6 Three folded light curves rejected by Flat Test The bot-tom one is a binary light curve accepted by Flat Test shown forcontrast

ESD components can still have different temperatures witheclipse depths usually being different and light curves ap-pearing sharper near eclipse The light curves of eclipsingbinaries should match one of the three types on visual in-spection

In addition a classification of the binary sample wasperformed using a Fourier transform of the light curves(Rucinski 1993 1997) The maximum flux of light curves isnormalized to be 1 The major eclipse was shifted to phaseθ=025 Then the light curve (l(θ)) is transformed into 11components l(θ)=

sum100 aicos(2πiθ) The coefficients a2 and a4

are especially sensitive for classification Using the empiri-

6 Yang et al

cal distribution of coefficients from Paczynski et al (2006)we classify our binaries sample as shown in Table 1

32 Properties of the Derived Catalog

We now describe our catalog and the properties of the bina-ries within it Each system has been given a unique identifierof the form LPSEBX (refer to LAMOST amp PTF Spectro-scopic and Eclipsing Binaries) where X is our identificationIn the catalog (see Table 1) we provide RA (column 2) in de-grees declination (column 3) in degrees primary eclipsing

magnitude (column 4) primary eclipsing mid-day (Eclmidcolumn 5) primary eclipsing depth (column 6) orbital pe-riod (column 7) in days number of photometric observations(Numphot column 8) largest radial velocity difference (col-umn 9) number of spectroscopic observations (Numspec col-umn 10) binary type (column 11) observational band (col-umn 12 1=g

prime

2=R) the effective temperature of the observ-able star Teff (columns 13) in Kelvin and surface gravity ofobservable star log g (column 14) The top 13 rows show thenewly identified eclipsing binaries

Table 1 LPSEB catalogThe timestamp of radial velocity is taken from LAMOST data release 7 (httpdr7lamostorgv1search) when notpresented in LSS-GAC The second observation of LPSEB21 LPSEB66 still misses the information of timestamp after the supplement that weabandon all the information in that epoch

ID RA Declination Magmax Eclmid Ecldepth Period Numphot ∆RVmax Numspec Type Band Teff log g

deg deg mjd mag day km sminus1 K cgs

LPSEB1 111405 26749 1407 56281259416 062 033 44 64 3 EC 2 57531 42

LPSEB2 1222 39236 1415 56244209892 080 043 72 19 2 ESD 1 56924 42

LPSEB3 108699 27831 1389 56281456397 041 039 55 27 2 ESD 2 62577 42

LPSEB4 115256 20332 1424 56281418748 052 037 117 27 2 ESD 2 60112 40

LPSEB5 101707 59360 1300 56267655751 029 044 38 83 3 ESD 2 57844 44

LPSEB6 116317 18073 1596 56663360043 059 037 149 83 2 EC 2 61345 43

LPSEB7 116611 18012 1572 55180570289 057 037 188 33 2 ESD 2 55576 38

LPSEB8 203086 35480 1424 54903754973 013 114 315 36 2 EC 2 72495 39

LPSEB9 1368 44458 1530 56903401158 038 047 60 37 2 ESD 1 76998 39

LPSEB10 71979 16744 1408 55445599193 033 034 31 40 2 ESD 2 58447 39

LPSEB11 114532 19665 1545 56281339489 038 047 58 100 3 ESD 2 72619 40

LPSEB12 115331 22351 1523 56281234100 084 029 109 46 2 ESD 2 55681 41

LPSEB13 191932 31921 1509 54964537554 009 079 211 54 3 EC 1 73283 41

LPSEB14 47187 40434 1487 56301405627 037 044 33 115 2 ESD 2 71280 41

LPSEB15 114907 20351 1345 56281336666 053 040 116 49 6 ESD 2 57534 39

LPSEB16 118565 19181 1401 56663267514 046 041 154 51 3 ESD 2 62159 43

LPSEB17 42864 31001 1494 55889333756 053 056 29 51 2 ESD 2 77811 40

LPSEB18 181380 23028 1379 55002176900 016 110 33 51 3 ESD 2 63772 39

LPSEB19 43534 26999 1451 55419423323 086 031 67 124 3 ESD 2 56405 36

LPSEB20 234732 4484 1488 55417168838 043 036 104 55 2 ESD 2 65326 43

LPSEB21 118024 38319 1441 55889677648 023 055 40 0 1 ESD 2 66665 41

LPSEB22 116912 22304 1424 56281340582 020 047 117 57 5 ESD 2 72625 38

LPSEB23 113777 50813 1364 55880694541 039 042 53 57 2 ESD 1 72473 40

LPSEB24 248511 56371 1428 54961330909 076 026 106 131 2 EC 1 51335 43

LPSEB25 188007 35500 1323 54903623583 075 031 101 57 4 ESD 2 53998 38

LPSEB26 35066 24674 1404 55053642630 027 051 56 59 2 ESD 2 76675 38

LPSEB27 350398 5570 1510 55007538635 016 068 36 60 3 ESD 2 64423 41

LPSEB28 337216 6878 1494 55007459400 035 037 48 60 5 ESD 2 65521 43

LPSEB29 3613 40348 1337 56244216749 096 048 71 64 10 ESD 1 62792 44

LPSEB30 117410 20933 1455 56281307494 049 037 99 13 3 EC 2 55685 42

LPSEB31 20297 27493 1473 55058637609 079 032 89 14 2 ESD 2 57665 41

LPSEB32 116744 22747 1352 55931215038 098 022 365 66 4 EC 2 46167 46

LPSEB33 111745 38808 1368 56229613596 071 030 51 67 2 ESD 2 50692 41

Continued on next page

5

minus02 00 02 04 06 08 10 12Phase

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Figure 5 Upper orbital morphology of EB systems the circlesindicate two components Middle The simulated radial velocityof the observable star Lower the light curve of the EB systemLPSEB71 The presented RV curve corresponds to the componentmarked with the darker circle

us remove such periodic light curves which are not binarysystems

In applying the Flat Test we calculated the local averagemagnitude (Magave) along the direction of the transit phaseWe compared the gradients of Magave around the maximumand minimum of the light curve The gradient here is de-fined as the difference between Magave in the transit-phaselength of 02 and the transit-phase length of 01 We defineda threshold to help us assess whether the source is an eclips-ing binary or not The threshold was set in such a way that thegradient around the maximum phase should be 2 times largerthan the gradient at the minimum phase After applying theFlat Test 178 out of 275 sources were eliminated leaving uswith 97 candidates Light curves with a significant period butrejected by Flat Test are shown in Figure 6

The light curves of our 97 candidates from our pipelinewere subjected to visual inspections of the amplitude andshape of the curves The amplitude of the light curve ismodulated by eclipsing and ellipsoidal variations limb dark-ening reflection and beam effects(see Jackson et al 2012Mazeh amp Faigler 2010) The first two should make the lightcurve reveal two similar maxima and two minima in one or-bit In contrast the reflection and beam effects should ap-pear only once in one orbit In our sample eclipsing andellipsoidal modulations dominated the variation of the lightso we expected two maxima and minima in the folded lightcurve 88 binary systems are left as our final sample

The shapes of the light curves can be classified into threetypes contact (EC) semi-detached (ESD) and detached (ED)binaries (Paczynski et al 2006 Matijevic et al 2012) Thelight curves of EC and ESD types are continuously varyingwhile ED type is almost flat-topped The EC binary havinga deep common envelope also known as W UMa tendsto cause a more ellipsoidal light curve with (but not always)similar eclipsing depths The contact is not strong enough in

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Figure 6 Three folded light curves rejected by Flat Test The bot-tom one is a binary light curve accepted by Flat Test shown forcontrast

ESD components can still have different temperatures witheclipse depths usually being different and light curves ap-pearing sharper near eclipse The light curves of eclipsingbinaries should match one of the three types on visual in-spection

In addition a classification of the binary sample wasperformed using a Fourier transform of the light curves(Rucinski 1993 1997) The maximum flux of light curves isnormalized to be 1 The major eclipse was shifted to phaseθ=025 Then the light curve (l(θ)) is transformed into 11components l(θ)=

sum100 aicos(2πiθ) The coefficients a2 and a4

are especially sensitive for classification Using the empiri-

6 Yang et al

cal distribution of coefficients from Paczynski et al (2006)we classify our binaries sample as shown in Table 1

32 Properties of the Derived Catalog

We now describe our catalog and the properties of the bina-ries within it Each system has been given a unique identifierof the form LPSEBX (refer to LAMOST amp PTF Spectro-scopic and Eclipsing Binaries) where X is our identificationIn the catalog (see Table 1) we provide RA (column 2) in de-grees declination (column 3) in degrees primary eclipsing

magnitude (column 4) primary eclipsing mid-day (Eclmidcolumn 5) primary eclipsing depth (column 6) orbital pe-riod (column 7) in days number of photometric observations(Numphot column 8) largest radial velocity difference (col-umn 9) number of spectroscopic observations (Numspec col-umn 10) binary type (column 11) observational band (col-umn 12 1=g

prime

2=R) the effective temperature of the observ-able star Teff (columns 13) in Kelvin and surface gravity ofobservable star log g (column 14) The top 13 rows show thenewly identified eclipsing binaries

Table 1 LPSEB catalogThe timestamp of radial velocity is taken from LAMOST data release 7 (httpdr7lamostorgv1search) when notpresented in LSS-GAC The second observation of LPSEB21 LPSEB66 still misses the information of timestamp after the supplement that weabandon all the information in that epoch

ID RA Declination Magmax Eclmid Ecldepth Period Numphot ∆RVmax Numspec Type Band Teff log g

deg deg mjd mag day km sminus1 K cgs

LPSEB1 111405 26749 1407 56281259416 062 033 44 64 3 EC 2 57531 42

LPSEB2 1222 39236 1415 56244209892 080 043 72 19 2 ESD 1 56924 42

LPSEB3 108699 27831 1389 56281456397 041 039 55 27 2 ESD 2 62577 42

LPSEB4 115256 20332 1424 56281418748 052 037 117 27 2 ESD 2 60112 40

LPSEB5 101707 59360 1300 56267655751 029 044 38 83 3 ESD 2 57844 44

LPSEB6 116317 18073 1596 56663360043 059 037 149 83 2 EC 2 61345 43

LPSEB7 116611 18012 1572 55180570289 057 037 188 33 2 ESD 2 55576 38

LPSEB8 203086 35480 1424 54903754973 013 114 315 36 2 EC 2 72495 39

LPSEB9 1368 44458 1530 56903401158 038 047 60 37 2 ESD 1 76998 39

LPSEB10 71979 16744 1408 55445599193 033 034 31 40 2 ESD 2 58447 39

LPSEB11 114532 19665 1545 56281339489 038 047 58 100 3 ESD 2 72619 40

LPSEB12 115331 22351 1523 56281234100 084 029 109 46 2 ESD 2 55681 41

LPSEB13 191932 31921 1509 54964537554 009 079 211 54 3 EC 1 73283 41

LPSEB14 47187 40434 1487 56301405627 037 044 33 115 2 ESD 2 71280 41

LPSEB15 114907 20351 1345 56281336666 053 040 116 49 6 ESD 2 57534 39

LPSEB16 118565 19181 1401 56663267514 046 041 154 51 3 ESD 2 62159 43

LPSEB17 42864 31001 1494 55889333756 053 056 29 51 2 ESD 2 77811 40

LPSEB18 181380 23028 1379 55002176900 016 110 33 51 3 ESD 2 63772 39

LPSEB19 43534 26999 1451 55419423323 086 031 67 124 3 ESD 2 56405 36

LPSEB20 234732 4484 1488 55417168838 043 036 104 55 2 ESD 2 65326 43

LPSEB21 118024 38319 1441 55889677648 023 055 40 0 1 ESD 2 66665 41

LPSEB22 116912 22304 1424 56281340582 020 047 117 57 5 ESD 2 72625 38

LPSEB23 113777 50813 1364 55880694541 039 042 53 57 2 ESD 1 72473 40

LPSEB24 248511 56371 1428 54961330909 076 026 106 131 2 EC 1 51335 43

LPSEB25 188007 35500 1323 54903623583 075 031 101 57 4 ESD 2 53998 38

LPSEB26 35066 24674 1404 55053642630 027 051 56 59 2 ESD 2 76675 38

LPSEB27 350398 5570 1510 55007538635 016 068 36 60 3 ESD 2 64423 41

LPSEB28 337216 6878 1494 55007459400 035 037 48 60 5 ESD 2 65521 43

LPSEB29 3613 40348 1337 56244216749 096 048 71 64 10 ESD 1 62792 44

LPSEB30 117410 20933 1455 56281307494 049 037 99 13 3 EC 2 55685 42

LPSEB31 20297 27493 1473 55058637609 079 032 89 14 2 ESD 2 57665 41

LPSEB32 116744 22747 1352 55931215038 098 022 365 66 4 EC 2 46167 46

LPSEB33 111745 38808 1368 56229613596 071 030 51 67 2 ESD 2 50692 41

Continued on next page

6 Yang et al

cal distribution of coefficients from Paczynski et al (2006)we classify our binaries sample as shown in Table 1

32 Properties of the Derived Catalog

We now describe our catalog and the properties of the bina-ries within it Each system has been given a unique identifierof the form LPSEBX (refer to LAMOST amp PTF Spectro-scopic and Eclipsing Binaries) where X is our identificationIn the catalog (see Table 1) we provide RA (column 2) in de-grees declination (column 3) in degrees primary eclipsing

magnitude (column 4) primary eclipsing mid-day (Eclmidcolumn 5) primary eclipsing depth (column 6) orbital pe-riod (column 7) in days number of photometric observations(Numphot column 8) largest radial velocity difference (col-umn 9) number of spectroscopic observations (Numspec col-umn 10) binary type (column 11) observational band (col-umn 12 1=g

prime

2=R) the effective temperature of the observ-able star Teff (columns 13) in Kelvin and surface gravity ofobservable star log g (column 14) The top 13 rows show thenewly identified eclipsing binaries

Table 1 LPSEB catalogThe timestamp of radial velocity is taken from LAMOST data release 7 (httpdr7lamostorgv1search) when notpresented in LSS-GAC The second observation of LPSEB21 LPSEB66 still misses the information of timestamp after the supplement that weabandon all the information in that epoch

ID RA Declination Magmax Eclmid Ecldepth Period Numphot ∆RVmax Numspec Type Band Teff log g

deg deg mjd mag day km sminus1 K cgs

LPSEB1 111405 26749 1407 56281259416 062 033 44 64 3 EC 2 57531 42

LPSEB2 1222 39236 1415 56244209892 080 043 72 19 2 ESD 1 56924 42

LPSEB3 108699 27831 1389 56281456397 041 039 55 27 2 ESD 2 62577 42

LPSEB4 115256 20332 1424 56281418748 052 037 117 27 2 ESD 2 60112 40

LPSEB5 101707 59360 1300 56267655751 029 044 38 83 3 ESD 2 57844 44

LPSEB6 116317 18073 1596 56663360043 059 037 149 83 2 EC 2 61345 43

LPSEB7 116611 18012 1572 55180570289 057 037 188 33 2 ESD 2 55576 38

LPSEB8 203086 35480 1424 54903754973 013 114 315 36 2 EC 2 72495 39

LPSEB9 1368 44458 1530 56903401158 038 047 60 37 2 ESD 1 76998 39

LPSEB10 71979 16744 1408 55445599193 033 034 31 40 2 ESD 2 58447 39

LPSEB11 114532 19665 1545 56281339489 038 047 58 100 3 ESD 2 72619 40

LPSEB12 115331 22351 1523 56281234100 084 029 109 46 2 ESD 2 55681 41

LPSEB13 191932 31921 1509 54964537554 009 079 211 54 3 EC 1 73283 41

LPSEB14 47187 40434 1487 56301405627 037 044 33 115 2 ESD 2 71280 41

LPSEB15 114907 20351 1345 56281336666 053 040 116 49 6 ESD 2 57534 39

LPSEB16 118565 19181 1401 56663267514 046 041 154 51 3 ESD 2 62159 43

LPSEB17 42864 31001 1494 55889333756 053 056 29 51 2 ESD 2 77811 40

LPSEB18 181380 23028 1379 55002176900 016 110 33 51 3 ESD 2 63772 39

LPSEB19 43534 26999 1451 55419423323 086 031 67 124 3 ESD 2 56405 36

LPSEB20 234732 4484 1488 55417168838 043 036 104 55 2 ESD 2 65326 43

LPSEB21 118024 38319 1441 55889677648 023 055 40 0 1 ESD 2 66665 41

LPSEB22 116912 22304 1424 56281340582 020 047 117 57 5 ESD 2 72625 38

LPSEB23 113777 50813 1364 55880694541 039 042 53 57 2 ESD 1 72473 40

LPSEB24 248511 56371 1428 54961330909 076 026 106 131 2 EC 1 51335 43

LPSEB25 188007 35500 1323 54903623583 075 031 101 57 4 ESD 2 53998 38

LPSEB26 35066 24674 1404 55053642630 027 051 56 59 2 ESD 2 76675 38

LPSEB27 350398 5570 1510 55007538635 016 068 36 60 3 ESD 2 64423 41

LPSEB28 337216 6878 1494 55007459400 035 037 48 60 5 ESD 2 65521 43

LPSEB29 3613 40348 1337 56244216749 096 048 71 64 10 ESD 1 62792 44

LPSEB30 117410 20933 1455 56281307494 049 037 99 13 3 EC 2 55685 42

LPSEB31 20297 27493 1473 55058637609 079 032 89 14 2 ESD 2 57665 41

LPSEB32 116744 22747 1352 55931215038 098 022 365 66 4 EC 2 46167 46

LPSEB33 111745 38808 1368 56229613596 071 030 51 67 2 ESD 2 50692 41

Continued on next page

7

Table 1 ndash Continued from previous page

ID RA Declination Magmax Eclmid Ecldepth Period Numphot ∆RVmax Numspec Type Band Teff log g

deg deg mjd mag day km sminus1 K cgs

LPSEB34 215131 47978 1445 54962304145 046 024 95 16 2 ESD 2 46885 46

LPSEB35 240184 43145 1323 54957191639 075 025 111 67 2 ESD 2 51459 41

LPSEB36 116864 22647 1501 55931204753 084 028 369 17 2 EC 2 55320 39

LPSEB37 114315 20401 1318 56281349946 062 045 111 161 4 ESD 2 62675 45

LPSEB38 139061 16257 1215 55954260757 080 040 76 161 4 ESD 2 72007 41

LPSEB39 135520 52575 1382 54905415970 056 041 67 21 2 ESD 2 62343 37

LPSEB40 142889 10765 1438 55324315394 068 025 67 22 2 ESD 2 53847 34

LPSEB41 242588 19036 1440 54982317626 051 025 248 22 2 EC 2 51792 41

LPSEB42 117242 38626 1407 55889416055 032 053 49 171 3 ESD 2 72108 41

LPSEB43 13320 42534 1524 55213131300 101 046 112 75 3 ESD 1 75400 37

LPSEB44 116784 28116 1436 54907235921 106 035 149 41 3 ESD 2 57015 39

LPSEB45 113266 19829 1451 56281426007 051 039 58 25 2 ESD 2 58822 42

LPSEB46 149922 11733 1396 56708151000 062 031 86 77 2 ESD 2 47770 45

LPSEB47 102948 59447 1226 56267562676 054 047 51 77 6 ESD 2 58965 42

LPSEB48 115525 19358 1443 56663157707 053 037 147 27 3 EC 2 64740 42

LPSEB49 31102 6471 1479 55402486390 037 042 36 27 2 ESD 2 65700 43

LPSEB50 116537 20529 1410 56281234100 031 051 113 28 2 EC 2 60437 40

LPSEB51 115312 18024 1605 56663158787 075 031 155 79 4 EC 2 56499 43

LPSEB52 127808 19831 1557 55229348204 090 026 300 79 2 EC 2 51779 38

LPSEB53 20221 26528 1411 55058544450 025 042 52 29 3 ESD 2 65521 41

LPSEB54 18955 32020 1495 55059510558 065 042 69 29 2 ESD 1 71551 42

LPSEB55 174022 43071 1630 55143498277 080 030 116 29 2 ESD 2 50932 40

LPSEB56 236158 5445 1453 56077352920 046 029 51 81 2 ESD 2 56310 35

LPSEB57 234123 39936 1388 54963242886 063 032 87 30 2 ESD 2 52853 40

LPSEB58 204162 34313 1369 54903536745 094 028 299 201 3 EC 2 56811 44

LPSEB59 115849 24314 1342 55931170118 085 038 332 30 3 EC 2 60896 42

LPSEB60 120919 16446 1485 55168362149 081 037 72 30 4 ESD 2 57238 35

LPSEB61 114987 39081 1596 55889495410 066 045 52 84 3 ESD 2 65226 47

LPSEB62 183024 55746 1424 54961269211 062 034 113 32 2 EC 2 53258 41

LPSEB63 130034 20338 1500 55229235087 102 027 937 32 2 EC 2 42863 21

LPSEB64 51317 38059 1507 56301511701 037 036 31 32 2 ESD 2 61739 44

LPSEB65 114604 20146 1536 56281320422 038 035 58 33 4 ESD 2 58985 42

LPSEB66 125032 21746 1390 54907191682 107 031 525 0 1 EC 1 54624 38

LPSEB67 165364 44264 1528 55975488397 047 026 51 34 2 ESD 2 51333 38

LPSEB68 0614 41160 1630 56244096200 048 035 67 36 2 ESD 1 65010 42

LPSEB69 109364 28651 1469 56281617659 036 072 56 37 3 ESD 2 69066 36

LPSEB70 123441 18670 1598 55903513386 020 048 155 37 2 EC 2 73480 36

LPSEB71 359536 41724 1586 56244335775 043 048 62 37 2 ESD 1 64825 43

LPSEB72 186290 49392 1449 54962274686 079 031 73 38 2 ESD 2 56141 39

LPSEB73 114266 24448 1376 54904203500 057 064 47 39 2 ESD 2 72684 41

LPSEB74 120487 16503 1399 54907260025 105 043 229 98 4 ESD 1 59238 40

LPSEB75 3501 38696 1393 56244328989 038 047 63 40 15 ESD 1 63469 46

LPSEB76 191362 27768 1552 54903616144 057 038 207 40 2 EC 1 58670 40

LPSEB77 122059 18826 1462 55168565600 034 025 95 41 2 EC 2 43396 48

LPSEB78 221328 35468 1388 54903487314 087 034 165 41 2 EC 1 58065 43

LPSEB79 118970 14147 1483 55168357706 061 042 40 49 2 ESD 2 76322 40

Continued on next page

8 Yang et al

Table 1 ndash Continued from previous page

ID RA Declination Magmax Eclmid Ecldepth Period Numphot ∆RVmax Numspec Type Band Teff log g

deg deg mjd mag day km sminus1 K cgs

LPSEB80 123735 21152 1284 55939276800 059 041 109 44 2 ESD 2 57726 47

LPSEB81 115691 19995 1368 56663364301 034 078 145 44 2 EC 2 57695 36

LPSEB82 45636 19494 1479 55419511872 034 031 44 44 5 ESD 2 51966 44

LPSEB83 16162 33557 1650 55058589472 045 033 146 44 2 EC 1 64739 42

LPSEB84 139317 16326 1417 55954248251 054 035 80 46 3 ESD 2 58732 40

LPSEB85 118040 21110 1445 56663339884 070 061 83 46 2 ESD 2 64339 43

LPSEB86 209106 4330 1554 55022334781 052 025 64 47 2 ESD 2 52638 41

LPSEB87 21555 18012 1464 55447405146 031 034 266 8 2 EC 2 59449 43

LPSEB88 178992 33944 1489 54903467600 038 032 66 48 2 ESD 2 66566 41

The EB parameters were derived from different ap-proaches The maximum magnitude and eclipsing depthare estimated from the folded light curve The orbital periodis twice the peak period in the Lomb-Scargle periodogramThe folded light curves show high consistency when we foldthe light curves at 2 times the peak period The temperatureand log g are taken from LSS-GAC (Xiang et al 2017)

From examining the literature and the SIMBAD database75 of our sources have been previously identified as EBsAmong them 3 sources are classified as β type which isequivalent to our classification ESD type The 3 β type sys-temsrsquo Lomb-Scargle periodograms their folded light curvesand the RV measurements with the same ephemeris as thelight curve are shown in Figure 7 as an example We alsopresent 3 newly discovered EB in Figure 7 The full versionof the plots is presented in supplementary material Figure10

The folded light curves present the accuracy of the pe-riod finding method The method derives the optimizedpeak rather than a solitary highest peak eg in the case ofLPSEB2 LPSEB9 LPSEB69 (as shown in Fig 7 10) Theintensity of the real peaks is smoothed to be smaller due tothe binning in these cases The real peak surrounded by aclump of peaks appears once the binning size is reduced Wetest the precision of the period by checking the folded lightcurves with period offsets The result implies period preci-sion at the level of 1 percent for PTF light curves

4 DISCUSSION

41 Simulation Tests on Binary Detection Method

To estimate the false positive probability of our softwarepipeline we performed a Monte Carlo simulation We firstlybuilt a mock catalog with no binaries nor any pulsators Inorder to be as close to the real PTF data as possible the mocklight curves come from shuffling the real PTF data The lu-minosities were shuffled with a random time shift Thus anystructure in the light curves is removed but the observationalfeatures remain

We then add some light curves of known variable sourcesThe basic shapes of light curve are taken from the GeneralCatalogue of Variable Stars (Samusrsquo et al 2017) includingCepheids RR Lyrae (including a b and c types) The timeof the light curve is in the phase unit The light curves arethen extended in real-time based on period The period istaken randomly according to the period distribution of thepulsators The time baseline and sampling rate should be asclose to PTF data as possible We applied the baseline of50-100 days and random sampling with an average rate of 1day per data set depending on the empirical knowledge ofthe PTF sampling from our data and descriptions from litera-ture (Law et al 2009 Rau et al 2009) A random photomet-ric observational noise was added according to the relationshown in Figure 2 We added 4000 pulsating light curves ofvariable stars into the mock catalog

Following the above procedure we created ten mock cat-alogs and ran them through our pipeline Two parameterswere monitored the number of sources with the period fromLomb-Scargle and the number of sources accepted by theFlat Test

The ratio of the average number of sources accepted byFlat Test in mock data and the sample size indicates thefalse detection rate of our pipeline Combining the resultsof the simulations 35614 sources are identified with the pe-riod from Lomb-Scargle 249 of them got through the Flat

Test the total number of the mock sources is 391790 Thefalse detection rate is then 006 (249(391790+4000times10))The parameters in every simulation were shown in Figure 8

Additionally we applied the pipeline to 10000 stars fromstripe 82 standard star catalog among which 5818 stars wereretrieved from PTF data The result showed 11 sources werewith a period while 2 of them were wrongly accepted by theFlat Test The false detection rate is sim003(25818) similarto the simulation test

The sample is not statistically complete due to the sam-pling strategies of LAMOST and PTF In the detection pro-cedure the Lomb-Scargle false positive probability threshold

9

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

1400

Mag

LPSEB25 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1220

1240

1260

1280

Mag

LPSEB38 Period 040 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus50

0

50

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB46 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus80

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB1 Period 033 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

minus40

minus20

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1440

1460

1480

Mag

LPSEB2 Period 043 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus60

minus55

minus50

minus45

minus40rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1390

1400

1410

1420

1430

Mag

LPSEB3 Period 039 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

50

60

70

rv

Figure 7 The periodograms (left column) and folded light curves (right column) of the three EB type binaries (LPSEB25 LPSEB38 LPSEB46)found in the literature and the SIMBAD database and three newly discovered binaries (LPSEB1 LPSEB2 LPSEB3) The inner subfigures showa broader period range The black dashed lines in the periodograms indicate the Lomb-Scargle false positive probability which is 3σ largerthan the median power spectral density The red vertical lines indicate the optimized peak which is half of the orbital period The highest peakshown is possibly not the optimized peak A solitary peak is treated as improbable if a clump of peaks appears when reducing the binning sizeThe light curves are shifted to have a major eclipse at θ=025 The black point is the photometric brightness while red point presents the radialvelocity with the same ephemeris as the light curve

10 Yang et al

2 4 6 8 10Simulation ID

3400

3450

3500

3550

3600

3650

3700

Perio

d

Objects with period

200

225

250

275

300

325

350

Flat

Tes

t

Objects through Flat Test

Figure 8 The results of the simulations The solid line indicates thenumber of sources with a period from Lomb-Scargle The dashedline indicates the number of sources accepted by the Flat Test

we used was very strict These strategies ensure the high pu-rity of the catalog but reject some light curves with imperfectsampling A credeble simulation test of completeness wouldbe based on comprehensive simulated reproduction of PTFdata especially the estimation of sampling rate and photom-etry uncertainty This is beyond the scope of this work Fora simple test 1000 light curves of semi-detached and con-tact binaries were added into the mock catalog following theprocedure above The light curves come from the 10 basicshapes of binaries identified in Paczynski et al (2006) usingthe same simulated light curves creation method as describedabove 82 of them are detected by our pipeline Addition-ally the detection rate significantly decreases when we trywith detached binaries and depends on the phase of transitduration

42 Orbital Period Cut-Off around 022 day

Our sample contains eclipsing binary stars with spectro-scopic information We recognize a steep cut-off at sim022day in the orbital period distribution (see in Figure 9)

This cut-off has been known for at least the past twodecades (Rucinski 1992) Stepien (2006) argued that thecut-off is because low mass binary systems may not haveenough time to fill the Roche Lobe However the existenceof ultra-short period binary systems (Soszynski et al 2015)challenges this model Jiang et al (2012) proposed that themass transfer for stars with initial primary masses lower than063 M⊙ is so fast that it quickly leads to the common enve-lope binary phase

The theory of Jiang et al (2012) could be proved if wefound very young binary systems with a short period suchas 1 day or less Such young binaries lead to short-period bi-naries with different periods at different phases of their evo-lution The predicted period distribution of the young short-period binaries in the whole evolution phase without consid-

ering the duration of the evolution phase might not show thevalley at 022 day Then the rareness of the binary with a pe-riod of 022 day should be due to the short-time existence inthe certain evolution phase Every source in our catalog hasspectroscopic observations and so we could derive the ageof the binaries Such follow-up work may shed light on ourunderstanding of low-mass binary evolution

00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14Period

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Number

Figure 9 The binary system orbital period distribution The redline indicates the distribution for the whole catalog while the blueline is for the newly discovered EBs only

5 SUMMARY

Based on LAMOST and PTF data we present our LPSEBcatalog of eclipsing binary systems with both spectroscopicand photometric information We build a software pipeline tofind eclipsing binaries The pipeline depends on the Lomb-Scargle periodogram to find the period and a new Flat Test

filter to recognize the key distinguishing feature of EB lightcurves This pipeline is efficient in removing RR Lyrae con-tamination during the EB identification

For binary systems in the catalog we provide photomet-ric information and spectral information The false positiveprobability of the pipeline is estimated by Monte Carlo sim-ulation as well as by real data from SDSS Stripe 82 Stan-dard Catalog Our sample shows the known cut-off at sim022day Further studies can help constrain the evolution modelof low-mass binaries

6 APPENDIX

61 RV observations for each system

11

Table 2 RV observations The Italic jd is taken from LAM-OST data release 7 (httpdr7lamostorgv1search) when notpresented in LSS-GAC The second observation of LPSEB21LPSEB66 still misses the information of timestamp after thesupplement that we abandon all the information in that epoch

ID Time(jd) RV (km sminus1)

LPSEB1 2456228398750 13

2456361991065 -546

2456650207662 96

LPSEB2 2456611015058 -595

2456611099259 -397

LPSEB3 2455903234711 769

2457010222593 490

LPSEB4 2456608325324 112

2457005220139 391

LPSEB5 2456321062523 -758

2456590350637 -212

2457464993055 -1044

LPSEB6 2456608325324 -35

2457005220139 804

LPSEB7 2456608325324 548

2457005220139 882

LPSEB8 2457107217894 -364

2457146139479 05

LPSEB9 2456984952523 -340

2456985022176 -711

LPSEB10 2456978208380 -406

2457013076609 00

LPSEB11 2456608325324 181

2456983319468 328

2457005220139 -680

LPSEB12 2456608325324 -142

2457005220139 325

LPSEB13 2456428071887 263

2457039341748 385

2457071272130 -164

LPSEB14 2456952193310 -212

2457024034537 942

LPSEB15 2456288174248 627

2456288201586 649

2456350088762 480

2456350115926 745

2456983319468 246

2457005220139 543

LPSEB16 2456608325324 280

2456966337755 595

2456966403588 792

LPSEB17 2456266073102 -874

2456652053924 -359

Continued on next column

Table 2 ndash Continued from previous column

ID Time(jd) RV (km sminus1)

LPSEB18 2456317305613 45

2456317386944 227

2456321305914 -291

LPSEB19 2455939010255 -409

2456308961007 182

2456309971285 840

LPSEB20 2457138190498 114

2457167146748 -437

LPSEB21 2457004290000 -915

LPSEB22 2456230391192 602

2456288174248 164

2456600361042 31

2456608325324 34

2457005286389 414

LPSEB23 2457053122269 -424

2457055126053 147

LPSEB24 2456412328519 539

2456412233947 -775

LPSEB25 2456306373970 -209

2456346250243 -151

2457033415694 -07

2457038354433 367

LPSEB26 2456570246123 -822

2457327152731 -225

LPSEB27 2456561125995 -1035

2456568106019 -434

2457367960416 -551

LPSEB28 2456231967870 -186

2456231999363 -30

2456243974630 424

2456246014225 -127

2457300026227 -39

LPSEB29 2456611015058 -396

2456611099259 -60

2457285151759 -702

2457285182639 -519

2457285197245 -589

2457285166944 -659

2457285261377 -291

2457285211829 -517

2457285246817 -212

2457285232338 -353

LPSEB30 2456608379560 284

2457005220139 226

2457005286389 147

LPSEB31 2456973037049 -132

2457008966817 -273

Continued on next column

8 Yang et al

Table 1 ndash Continued from previous page

ID RA Declination Magmax Eclmid Ecldepth Period Numphot ∆RVmax Numspec Type Band Teff log g

deg deg mjd mag day km sminus1 K cgs

LPSEB80 123735 21152 1284 55939276800 059 041 109 44 2 ESD 2 57726 47

LPSEB81 115691 19995 1368 56663364301 034 078 145 44 2 EC 2 57695 36

LPSEB82 45636 19494 1479 55419511872 034 031 44 44 5 ESD 2 51966 44

LPSEB83 16162 33557 1650 55058589472 045 033 146 44 2 EC 1 64739 42

LPSEB84 139317 16326 1417 55954248251 054 035 80 46 3 ESD 2 58732 40

LPSEB85 118040 21110 1445 56663339884 070 061 83 46 2 ESD 2 64339 43

LPSEB86 209106 4330 1554 55022334781 052 025 64 47 2 ESD 2 52638 41

LPSEB87 21555 18012 1464 55447405146 031 034 266 8 2 EC 2 59449 43

LPSEB88 178992 33944 1489 54903467600 038 032 66 48 2 ESD 2 66566 41

The EB parameters were derived from different ap-proaches The maximum magnitude and eclipsing depthare estimated from the folded light curve The orbital periodis twice the peak period in the Lomb-Scargle periodogramThe folded light curves show high consistency when we foldthe light curves at 2 times the peak period The temperatureand log g are taken from LSS-GAC (Xiang et al 2017)

From examining the literature and the SIMBAD database75 of our sources have been previously identified as EBsAmong them 3 sources are classified as β type which isequivalent to our classification ESD type The 3 β type sys-temsrsquo Lomb-Scargle periodograms their folded light curvesand the RV measurements with the same ephemeris as thelight curve are shown in Figure 7 as an example We alsopresent 3 newly discovered EB in Figure 7 The full versionof the plots is presented in supplementary material Figure10

The folded light curves present the accuracy of the pe-riod finding method The method derives the optimizedpeak rather than a solitary highest peak eg in the case ofLPSEB2 LPSEB9 LPSEB69 (as shown in Fig 7 10) Theintensity of the real peaks is smoothed to be smaller due tothe binning in these cases The real peak surrounded by aclump of peaks appears once the binning size is reduced Wetest the precision of the period by checking the folded lightcurves with period offsets The result implies period preci-sion at the level of 1 percent for PTF light curves

4 DISCUSSION

41 Simulation Tests on Binary Detection Method

To estimate the false positive probability of our softwarepipeline we performed a Monte Carlo simulation We firstlybuilt a mock catalog with no binaries nor any pulsators Inorder to be as close to the real PTF data as possible the mocklight curves come from shuffling the real PTF data The lu-minosities were shuffled with a random time shift Thus anystructure in the light curves is removed but the observationalfeatures remain

We then add some light curves of known variable sourcesThe basic shapes of light curve are taken from the GeneralCatalogue of Variable Stars (Samusrsquo et al 2017) includingCepheids RR Lyrae (including a b and c types) The timeof the light curve is in the phase unit The light curves arethen extended in real-time based on period The period istaken randomly according to the period distribution of thepulsators The time baseline and sampling rate should be asclose to PTF data as possible We applied the baseline of50-100 days and random sampling with an average rate of 1day per data set depending on the empirical knowledge ofthe PTF sampling from our data and descriptions from litera-ture (Law et al 2009 Rau et al 2009) A random photomet-ric observational noise was added according to the relationshown in Figure 2 We added 4000 pulsating light curves ofvariable stars into the mock catalog

Following the above procedure we created ten mock cat-alogs and ran them through our pipeline Two parameterswere monitored the number of sources with the period fromLomb-Scargle and the number of sources accepted by theFlat Test

The ratio of the average number of sources accepted byFlat Test in mock data and the sample size indicates thefalse detection rate of our pipeline Combining the resultsof the simulations 35614 sources are identified with the pe-riod from Lomb-Scargle 249 of them got through the Flat

Test the total number of the mock sources is 391790 Thefalse detection rate is then 006 (249(391790+4000times10))The parameters in every simulation were shown in Figure 8

Additionally we applied the pipeline to 10000 stars fromstripe 82 standard star catalog among which 5818 stars wereretrieved from PTF data The result showed 11 sources werewith a period while 2 of them were wrongly accepted by theFlat Test The false detection rate is sim003(25818) similarto the simulation test

The sample is not statistically complete due to the sam-pling strategies of LAMOST and PTF In the detection pro-cedure the Lomb-Scargle false positive probability threshold

9

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

1400

Mag

LPSEB25 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1220

1240

1260

1280

Mag

LPSEB38 Period 040 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus50

0

50

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB46 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus80

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB1 Period 033 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

minus40

minus20

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1440

1460

1480

Mag

LPSEB2 Period 043 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus60

minus55

minus50

minus45

minus40rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1390

1400

1410

1420

1430

Mag

LPSEB3 Period 039 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

50

60

70

rv

Figure 7 The periodograms (left column) and folded light curves (right column) of the three EB type binaries (LPSEB25 LPSEB38 LPSEB46)found in the literature and the SIMBAD database and three newly discovered binaries (LPSEB1 LPSEB2 LPSEB3) The inner subfigures showa broader period range The black dashed lines in the periodograms indicate the Lomb-Scargle false positive probability which is 3σ largerthan the median power spectral density The red vertical lines indicate the optimized peak which is half of the orbital period The highest peakshown is possibly not the optimized peak A solitary peak is treated as improbable if a clump of peaks appears when reducing the binning sizeThe light curves are shifted to have a major eclipse at θ=025 The black point is the photometric brightness while red point presents the radialvelocity with the same ephemeris as the light curve

10 Yang et al

2 4 6 8 10Simulation ID

3400

3450

3500

3550

3600

3650

3700

Perio

d

Objects with period

200

225

250

275

300

325

350

Flat

Tes

t

Objects through Flat Test

Figure 8 The results of the simulations The solid line indicates thenumber of sources with a period from Lomb-Scargle The dashedline indicates the number of sources accepted by the Flat Test

we used was very strict These strategies ensure the high pu-rity of the catalog but reject some light curves with imperfectsampling A credeble simulation test of completeness wouldbe based on comprehensive simulated reproduction of PTFdata especially the estimation of sampling rate and photom-etry uncertainty This is beyond the scope of this work Fora simple test 1000 light curves of semi-detached and con-tact binaries were added into the mock catalog following theprocedure above The light curves come from the 10 basicshapes of binaries identified in Paczynski et al (2006) usingthe same simulated light curves creation method as describedabove 82 of them are detected by our pipeline Addition-ally the detection rate significantly decreases when we trywith detached binaries and depends on the phase of transitduration

42 Orbital Period Cut-Off around 022 day

Our sample contains eclipsing binary stars with spectro-scopic information We recognize a steep cut-off at sim022day in the orbital period distribution (see in Figure 9)

This cut-off has been known for at least the past twodecades (Rucinski 1992) Stepien (2006) argued that thecut-off is because low mass binary systems may not haveenough time to fill the Roche Lobe However the existenceof ultra-short period binary systems (Soszynski et al 2015)challenges this model Jiang et al (2012) proposed that themass transfer for stars with initial primary masses lower than063 M⊙ is so fast that it quickly leads to the common enve-lope binary phase

The theory of Jiang et al (2012) could be proved if wefound very young binary systems with a short period suchas 1 day or less Such young binaries lead to short-period bi-naries with different periods at different phases of their evo-lution The predicted period distribution of the young short-period binaries in the whole evolution phase without consid-

ering the duration of the evolution phase might not show thevalley at 022 day Then the rareness of the binary with a pe-riod of 022 day should be due to the short-time existence inthe certain evolution phase Every source in our catalog hasspectroscopic observations and so we could derive the ageof the binaries Such follow-up work may shed light on ourunderstanding of low-mass binary evolution

00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14Period

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Number

Figure 9 The binary system orbital period distribution The redline indicates the distribution for the whole catalog while the blueline is for the newly discovered EBs only

5 SUMMARY

Based on LAMOST and PTF data we present our LPSEBcatalog of eclipsing binary systems with both spectroscopicand photometric information We build a software pipeline tofind eclipsing binaries The pipeline depends on the Lomb-Scargle periodogram to find the period and a new Flat Test

filter to recognize the key distinguishing feature of EB lightcurves This pipeline is efficient in removing RR Lyrae con-tamination during the EB identification

For binary systems in the catalog we provide photomet-ric information and spectral information The false positiveprobability of the pipeline is estimated by Monte Carlo sim-ulation as well as by real data from SDSS Stripe 82 Stan-dard Catalog Our sample shows the known cut-off at sim022day Further studies can help constrain the evolution modelof low-mass binaries

6 APPENDIX

61 RV observations for each system

11

Table 2 RV observations The Italic jd is taken from LAM-OST data release 7 (httpdr7lamostorgv1search) when notpresented in LSS-GAC The second observation of LPSEB21LPSEB66 still misses the information of timestamp after thesupplement that we abandon all the information in that epoch

ID Time(jd) RV (km sminus1)

LPSEB1 2456228398750 13

2456361991065 -546

2456650207662 96

LPSEB2 2456611015058 -595

2456611099259 -397

LPSEB3 2455903234711 769

2457010222593 490

LPSEB4 2456608325324 112

2457005220139 391

LPSEB5 2456321062523 -758

2456590350637 -212

2457464993055 -1044

LPSEB6 2456608325324 -35

2457005220139 804

LPSEB7 2456608325324 548

2457005220139 882

LPSEB8 2457107217894 -364

2457146139479 05

LPSEB9 2456984952523 -340

2456985022176 -711

LPSEB10 2456978208380 -406

2457013076609 00

LPSEB11 2456608325324 181

2456983319468 328

2457005220139 -680

LPSEB12 2456608325324 -142

2457005220139 325

LPSEB13 2456428071887 263

2457039341748 385

2457071272130 -164

LPSEB14 2456952193310 -212

2457024034537 942

LPSEB15 2456288174248 627

2456288201586 649

2456350088762 480

2456350115926 745

2456983319468 246

2457005220139 543

LPSEB16 2456608325324 280

2456966337755 595

2456966403588 792

LPSEB17 2456266073102 -874

2456652053924 -359

Continued on next column

Table 2 ndash Continued from previous column

ID Time(jd) RV (km sminus1)

LPSEB18 2456317305613 45

2456317386944 227

2456321305914 -291

LPSEB19 2455939010255 -409

2456308961007 182

2456309971285 840

LPSEB20 2457138190498 114

2457167146748 -437

LPSEB21 2457004290000 -915

LPSEB22 2456230391192 602

2456288174248 164

2456600361042 31

2456608325324 34

2457005286389 414

LPSEB23 2457053122269 -424

2457055126053 147

LPSEB24 2456412328519 539

2456412233947 -775

LPSEB25 2456306373970 -209

2456346250243 -151

2457033415694 -07

2457038354433 367

LPSEB26 2456570246123 -822

2457327152731 -225

LPSEB27 2456561125995 -1035

2456568106019 -434

2457367960416 -551

LPSEB28 2456231967870 -186

2456231999363 -30

2456243974630 424

2456246014225 -127

2457300026227 -39

LPSEB29 2456611015058 -396

2456611099259 -60

2457285151759 -702

2457285182639 -519

2457285197245 -589

2457285166944 -659

2457285261377 -291

2457285211829 -517

2457285246817 -212

2457285232338 -353

LPSEB30 2456608379560 284

2457005220139 226

2457005286389 147

LPSEB31 2456973037049 -132

2457008966817 -273

Continued on next column

9

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

1400

Mag

LPSEB25 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1220

1240

1260

1280

Mag

LPSEB38 Period 040 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus50

0

50

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB46 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus80

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB1 Period 033 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

minus40

minus20

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1440

1460

1480

Mag

LPSEB2 Period 043 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus60

minus55

minus50

minus45

minus40rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1390

1400

1410

1420

1430

Mag

LPSEB3 Period 039 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

50

60

70

rv

Figure 7 The periodograms (left column) and folded light curves (right column) of the three EB type binaries (LPSEB25 LPSEB38 LPSEB46)found in the literature and the SIMBAD database and three newly discovered binaries (LPSEB1 LPSEB2 LPSEB3) The inner subfigures showa broader period range The black dashed lines in the periodograms indicate the Lomb-Scargle false positive probability which is 3σ largerthan the median power spectral density The red vertical lines indicate the optimized peak which is half of the orbital period The highest peakshown is possibly not the optimized peak A solitary peak is treated as improbable if a clump of peaks appears when reducing the binning sizeThe light curves are shifted to have a major eclipse at θ=025 The black point is the photometric brightness while red point presents the radialvelocity with the same ephemeris as the light curve

10 Yang et al

2 4 6 8 10Simulation ID

3400

3450

3500

3550

3600

3650

3700

Perio

d

Objects with period

200

225

250

275

300

325

350

Flat

Tes

t

Objects through Flat Test

Figure 8 The results of the simulations The solid line indicates thenumber of sources with a period from Lomb-Scargle The dashedline indicates the number of sources accepted by the Flat Test

we used was very strict These strategies ensure the high pu-rity of the catalog but reject some light curves with imperfectsampling A credeble simulation test of completeness wouldbe based on comprehensive simulated reproduction of PTFdata especially the estimation of sampling rate and photom-etry uncertainty This is beyond the scope of this work Fora simple test 1000 light curves of semi-detached and con-tact binaries were added into the mock catalog following theprocedure above The light curves come from the 10 basicshapes of binaries identified in Paczynski et al (2006) usingthe same simulated light curves creation method as describedabove 82 of them are detected by our pipeline Addition-ally the detection rate significantly decreases when we trywith detached binaries and depends on the phase of transitduration

42 Orbital Period Cut-Off around 022 day

Our sample contains eclipsing binary stars with spectro-scopic information We recognize a steep cut-off at sim022day in the orbital period distribution (see in Figure 9)

This cut-off has been known for at least the past twodecades (Rucinski 1992) Stepien (2006) argued that thecut-off is because low mass binary systems may not haveenough time to fill the Roche Lobe However the existenceof ultra-short period binary systems (Soszynski et al 2015)challenges this model Jiang et al (2012) proposed that themass transfer for stars with initial primary masses lower than063 M⊙ is so fast that it quickly leads to the common enve-lope binary phase

The theory of Jiang et al (2012) could be proved if wefound very young binary systems with a short period suchas 1 day or less Such young binaries lead to short-period bi-naries with different periods at different phases of their evo-lution The predicted period distribution of the young short-period binaries in the whole evolution phase without consid-

ering the duration of the evolution phase might not show thevalley at 022 day Then the rareness of the binary with a pe-riod of 022 day should be due to the short-time existence inthe certain evolution phase Every source in our catalog hasspectroscopic observations and so we could derive the ageof the binaries Such follow-up work may shed light on ourunderstanding of low-mass binary evolution

00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14Period

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Number

Figure 9 The binary system orbital period distribution The redline indicates the distribution for the whole catalog while the blueline is for the newly discovered EBs only

5 SUMMARY

Based on LAMOST and PTF data we present our LPSEBcatalog of eclipsing binary systems with both spectroscopicand photometric information We build a software pipeline tofind eclipsing binaries The pipeline depends on the Lomb-Scargle periodogram to find the period and a new Flat Test

filter to recognize the key distinguishing feature of EB lightcurves This pipeline is efficient in removing RR Lyrae con-tamination during the EB identification

For binary systems in the catalog we provide photomet-ric information and spectral information The false positiveprobability of the pipeline is estimated by Monte Carlo sim-ulation as well as by real data from SDSS Stripe 82 Stan-dard Catalog Our sample shows the known cut-off at sim022day Further studies can help constrain the evolution modelof low-mass binaries

6 APPENDIX

61 RV observations for each system

11

Table 2 RV observations The Italic jd is taken from LAM-OST data release 7 (httpdr7lamostorgv1search) when notpresented in LSS-GAC The second observation of LPSEB21LPSEB66 still misses the information of timestamp after thesupplement that we abandon all the information in that epoch

ID Time(jd) RV (km sminus1)

LPSEB1 2456228398750 13

2456361991065 -546

2456650207662 96

LPSEB2 2456611015058 -595

2456611099259 -397

LPSEB3 2455903234711 769

2457010222593 490

LPSEB4 2456608325324 112

2457005220139 391

LPSEB5 2456321062523 -758

2456590350637 -212

2457464993055 -1044

LPSEB6 2456608325324 -35

2457005220139 804

LPSEB7 2456608325324 548

2457005220139 882

LPSEB8 2457107217894 -364

2457146139479 05

LPSEB9 2456984952523 -340

2456985022176 -711

LPSEB10 2456978208380 -406

2457013076609 00

LPSEB11 2456608325324 181

2456983319468 328

2457005220139 -680

LPSEB12 2456608325324 -142

2457005220139 325

LPSEB13 2456428071887 263

2457039341748 385

2457071272130 -164

LPSEB14 2456952193310 -212

2457024034537 942

LPSEB15 2456288174248 627

2456288201586 649

2456350088762 480

2456350115926 745

2456983319468 246

2457005220139 543

LPSEB16 2456608325324 280

2456966337755 595

2456966403588 792

LPSEB17 2456266073102 -874

2456652053924 -359

Continued on next column

Table 2 ndash Continued from previous column

ID Time(jd) RV (km sminus1)

LPSEB18 2456317305613 45

2456317386944 227

2456321305914 -291

LPSEB19 2455939010255 -409

2456308961007 182

2456309971285 840

LPSEB20 2457138190498 114

2457167146748 -437

LPSEB21 2457004290000 -915

LPSEB22 2456230391192 602

2456288174248 164

2456600361042 31

2456608325324 34

2457005286389 414

LPSEB23 2457053122269 -424

2457055126053 147

LPSEB24 2456412328519 539

2456412233947 -775

LPSEB25 2456306373970 -209

2456346250243 -151

2457033415694 -07

2457038354433 367

LPSEB26 2456570246123 -822

2457327152731 -225

LPSEB27 2456561125995 -1035

2456568106019 -434

2457367960416 -551

LPSEB28 2456231967870 -186

2456231999363 -30

2456243974630 424

2456246014225 -127

2457300026227 -39

LPSEB29 2456611015058 -396

2456611099259 -60

2457285151759 -702

2457285182639 -519

2457285197245 -589

2457285166944 -659

2457285261377 -291

2457285211829 -517

2457285246817 -212

2457285232338 -353

LPSEB30 2456608379560 284

2457005220139 226

2457005286389 147

LPSEB31 2456973037049 -132

2457008966817 -273

Continued on next column

10 Yang et al

2 4 6 8 10Simulation ID

3400

3450

3500

3550

3600

3650

3700

Perio

d

Objects with period

200

225

250

275

300

325

350

Flat

Tes

t

Objects through Flat Test

Figure 8 The results of the simulations The solid line indicates thenumber of sources with a period from Lomb-Scargle The dashedline indicates the number of sources accepted by the Flat Test

we used was very strict These strategies ensure the high pu-rity of the catalog but reject some light curves with imperfectsampling A credeble simulation test of completeness wouldbe based on comprehensive simulated reproduction of PTFdata especially the estimation of sampling rate and photom-etry uncertainty This is beyond the scope of this work Fora simple test 1000 light curves of semi-detached and con-tact binaries were added into the mock catalog following theprocedure above The light curves come from the 10 basicshapes of binaries identified in Paczynski et al (2006) usingthe same simulated light curves creation method as describedabove 82 of them are detected by our pipeline Addition-ally the detection rate significantly decreases when we trywith detached binaries and depends on the phase of transitduration

42 Orbital Period Cut-Off around 022 day

Our sample contains eclipsing binary stars with spectro-scopic information We recognize a steep cut-off at sim022day in the orbital period distribution (see in Figure 9)

This cut-off has been known for at least the past twodecades (Rucinski 1992) Stepien (2006) argued that thecut-off is because low mass binary systems may not haveenough time to fill the Roche Lobe However the existenceof ultra-short period binary systems (Soszynski et al 2015)challenges this model Jiang et al (2012) proposed that themass transfer for stars with initial primary masses lower than063 M⊙ is so fast that it quickly leads to the common enve-lope binary phase

The theory of Jiang et al (2012) could be proved if wefound very young binary systems with a short period suchas 1 day or less Such young binaries lead to short-period bi-naries with different periods at different phases of their evo-lution The predicted period distribution of the young short-period binaries in the whole evolution phase without consid-

ering the duration of the evolution phase might not show thevalley at 022 day Then the rareness of the binary with a pe-riod of 022 day should be due to the short-time existence inthe certain evolution phase Every source in our catalog hasspectroscopic observations and so we could derive the ageof the binaries Such follow-up work may shed light on ourunderstanding of low-mass binary evolution

00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14Period

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Number

Figure 9 The binary system orbital period distribution The redline indicates the distribution for the whole catalog while the blueline is for the newly discovered EBs only

5 SUMMARY

Based on LAMOST and PTF data we present our LPSEBcatalog of eclipsing binary systems with both spectroscopicand photometric information We build a software pipeline tofind eclipsing binaries The pipeline depends on the Lomb-Scargle periodogram to find the period and a new Flat Test

filter to recognize the key distinguishing feature of EB lightcurves This pipeline is efficient in removing RR Lyrae con-tamination during the EB identification

For binary systems in the catalog we provide photomet-ric information and spectral information The false positiveprobability of the pipeline is estimated by Monte Carlo sim-ulation as well as by real data from SDSS Stripe 82 Stan-dard Catalog Our sample shows the known cut-off at sim022day Further studies can help constrain the evolution modelof low-mass binaries

6 APPENDIX

61 RV observations for each system

11

Table 2 RV observations The Italic jd is taken from LAM-OST data release 7 (httpdr7lamostorgv1search) when notpresented in LSS-GAC The second observation of LPSEB21LPSEB66 still misses the information of timestamp after thesupplement that we abandon all the information in that epoch

ID Time(jd) RV (km sminus1)

LPSEB1 2456228398750 13

2456361991065 -546

2456650207662 96

LPSEB2 2456611015058 -595

2456611099259 -397

LPSEB3 2455903234711 769

2457010222593 490

LPSEB4 2456608325324 112

2457005220139 391

LPSEB5 2456321062523 -758

2456590350637 -212

2457464993055 -1044

LPSEB6 2456608325324 -35

2457005220139 804

LPSEB7 2456608325324 548

2457005220139 882

LPSEB8 2457107217894 -364

2457146139479 05

LPSEB9 2456984952523 -340

2456985022176 -711

LPSEB10 2456978208380 -406

2457013076609 00

LPSEB11 2456608325324 181

2456983319468 328

2457005220139 -680

LPSEB12 2456608325324 -142

2457005220139 325

LPSEB13 2456428071887 263

2457039341748 385

2457071272130 -164

LPSEB14 2456952193310 -212

2457024034537 942

LPSEB15 2456288174248 627

2456288201586 649

2456350088762 480

2456350115926 745

2456983319468 246

2457005220139 543

LPSEB16 2456608325324 280

2456966337755 595

2456966403588 792

LPSEB17 2456266073102 -874

2456652053924 -359

Continued on next column

Table 2 ndash Continued from previous column

ID Time(jd) RV (km sminus1)

LPSEB18 2456317305613 45

2456317386944 227

2456321305914 -291

LPSEB19 2455939010255 -409

2456308961007 182

2456309971285 840

LPSEB20 2457138190498 114

2457167146748 -437

LPSEB21 2457004290000 -915

LPSEB22 2456230391192 602

2456288174248 164

2456600361042 31

2456608325324 34

2457005286389 414

LPSEB23 2457053122269 -424

2457055126053 147

LPSEB24 2456412328519 539

2456412233947 -775

LPSEB25 2456306373970 -209

2456346250243 -151

2457033415694 -07

2457038354433 367

LPSEB26 2456570246123 -822

2457327152731 -225

LPSEB27 2456561125995 -1035

2456568106019 -434

2457367960416 -551

LPSEB28 2456231967870 -186

2456231999363 -30

2456243974630 424

2456246014225 -127

2457300026227 -39

LPSEB29 2456611015058 -396

2456611099259 -60

2457285151759 -702

2457285182639 -519

2457285197245 -589

2457285166944 -659

2457285261377 -291

2457285211829 -517

2457285246817 -212

2457285232338 -353

LPSEB30 2456608379560 284

2457005220139 226

2457005286389 147

LPSEB31 2456973037049 -132

2457008966817 -273

Continued on next column

11

Table 2 RV observations The Italic jd is taken from LAM-OST data release 7 (httpdr7lamostorgv1search) when notpresented in LSS-GAC The second observation of LPSEB21LPSEB66 still misses the information of timestamp after thesupplement that we abandon all the information in that epoch

ID Time(jd) RV (km sminus1)

LPSEB1 2456228398750 13

2456361991065 -546

2456650207662 96

LPSEB2 2456611015058 -595

2456611099259 -397

LPSEB3 2455903234711 769

2457010222593 490

LPSEB4 2456608325324 112

2457005220139 391

LPSEB5 2456321062523 -758

2456590350637 -212

2457464993055 -1044

LPSEB6 2456608325324 -35

2457005220139 804

LPSEB7 2456608325324 548

2457005220139 882

LPSEB8 2457107217894 -364

2457146139479 05

LPSEB9 2456984952523 -340

2456985022176 -711

LPSEB10 2456978208380 -406

2457013076609 00

LPSEB11 2456608325324 181

2456983319468 328

2457005220139 -680

LPSEB12 2456608325324 -142

2457005220139 325

LPSEB13 2456428071887 263

2457039341748 385

2457071272130 -164

LPSEB14 2456952193310 -212

2457024034537 942

LPSEB15 2456288174248 627

2456288201586 649

2456350088762 480

2456350115926 745

2456983319468 246

2457005220139 543

LPSEB16 2456608325324 280

2456966337755 595

2456966403588 792

LPSEB17 2456266073102 -874

2456652053924 -359

Continued on next column

Table 2 ndash Continued from previous column

ID Time(jd) RV (km sminus1)

LPSEB18 2456317305613 45

2456317386944 227

2456321305914 -291

LPSEB19 2455939010255 -409

2456308961007 182

2456309971285 840

LPSEB20 2457138190498 114

2457167146748 -437

LPSEB21 2457004290000 -915

LPSEB22 2456230391192 602

2456288174248 164

2456600361042 31

2456608325324 34

2457005286389 414

LPSEB23 2457053122269 -424

2457055126053 147

LPSEB24 2456412328519 539

2456412233947 -775

LPSEB25 2456306373970 -209

2456346250243 -151

2457033415694 -07

2457038354433 367

LPSEB26 2456570246123 -822

2457327152731 -225

LPSEB27 2456561125995 -1035

2456568106019 -434

2457367960416 -551

LPSEB28 2456231967870 -186

2456231999363 -30

2456243974630 424

2456246014225 -127

2457300026227 -39

LPSEB29 2456611015058 -396

2456611099259 -60

2457285151759 -702

2457285182639 -519

2457285197245 -589

2457285166944 -659

2457285261377 -291

2457285211829 -517

2457285246817 -212

2457285232338 -353

LPSEB30 2456608379560 284

2457005220139 226

2457005286389 147

LPSEB31 2456973037049 -132

2457008966817 -273

Continued on next column

12 Yang et al

Table 2 ndash Continued from previous column

ID Time(jd) RV (km sminus1)

LPSEB32 2456266335799 169

2456608379560 803

2457005220139 830

2457005286389 301

LPSEB33 2456625340856 485

2457090055000 -190

LPSEB34 2456362343507 -562

2457096301887 -395

LPSEB35 2456423203299 -605

2456423277188 75

LPSEB36 2457005220139 -98

2457005286389 76

LPSEB37 2456350088762 740

2456350115926 918

2456983319468 -621

2457005220139 -695

LPSEB38 2456326160185 922

2456369134132 -24

2456656276146 -410

2456656318993 -695

LPSEB39 2457003302812 -695

2457391266666 -481

LPSEB40 2455920306134 94

2456287293738 320

LPSEB41 2456700394873 -147

2456780213206 -375

LPSEB42 2457004290000 718

2457025185914 1236

2457400209722 -475

LPSEB43 2455840221806 -393

2455863102581 -396

2456267991539 355

LPSEB44 2456239385961 244

2456622307581 574

2456687145347 157

LPSEB45 2456983319468 95

2457062106655 350

LPSEB46 2456683202292 -916

2457400295833 -142

LPSEB47 2456317109711 -562

2456317136551 -506

2456321088773 218

2456590389039 -64

2456700065810 -114

2456700103750 47

LPSEB48 2456608325324 434

2457005220139 325

Continued on next column

Table 2 ndash Continued from previous column

ID Time(jd) RV (km sminus1)

2457005286389 600

LPSEB49 2456550241447 232

2457280262396 509

LPSEB50 2457005220139 675

2457005286389 958

LPSEB51 2456608379560 1080

2457005220139 288

2457005286389 374

2457042183356 488

LPSEB52 2456980341725 167

2457032209016 962

LPSEB53 2456267062245 208

2456956183970 04

2456973037049 -83

LPSEB54 2457025946516 -246

2457360079861 46

LPSEB55 2457020380984 152

2457021389699 447

LPSEB56 2456367333484 -198

2457478297916 614

LPSEB57 2456424148125 -23

2456424190313 -326

LPSEB58 2456321351979 29

2456380171863 -1983

2456740235671 -334

LPSEB59 2456266335799 362

2456288174248 237

2456385024676 545

LPSEB60 2456966337755 -359

2456966403588 -274

2457378243750 -582

2457378309722 -462

LPSEB61 2456625275637 -1143

2457033197188 -363

2457090055000 -1207

LPSEB62 2456316331782 -406

2456752096204 -80

LPSEB63 2456249382593 145

2457063147905 473

LPSEB64 2456952193310 -11

2456975125914 -340

LPSEB65 2456608325324 46

2456983319468 35

2457005220139 -92

2457005286389 241

LPSEB66 2456980341725 -229

LPSEB67 2456637387731 393

Continued on next column

13

Table 2 ndash Continued from previous column

ID Time(jd) RV (km sminus1)

2456665343380 46

LPSEB68 2456984952523 -916

2456985022176 -548

LPSEB69 2456361073252 875

2456692069433 506

2457010222593 878

LPSEB70 2456980341725 192

2456990327315 567

LPSEB71 2456984952523 -1182

2456985022176 -1561

LPSEB72 2455923410914 -892

2457062269606 -508

LPSEB73 2456384998368 676

2456743027083 1070

LPSEB74 2456966337755 485

2456966403588 962

2457378243750 -24

2457378309722 416

LPSEB75 2456611099259 -1006

2456641949792 -932

2457285182639 -1174

2457285197245 -865

2457285261377 -896

2457285246817 -920

2457286143044 -847

2457286157789 -930

2457286230972 -1067

2457286172431 -815

2457286245822 -1156

2457286186956 -817

2457286201493 -898

2457286260486 -1219

2457286216088 -1031

LPSEB76 2455953336609 358

2456785045231 -52

LPSEB77 2456966337755 -530

2456990327315 -113

LPSEB78 2456385228322 199

2456385308495 -219

LPSEB79 2457378243750 1090

2457378309722 597

LPSEB80 2456640320035 59

2456980341725 503

LPSEB81 2456350088762 315

2457005220139 -132

LPSEB82 2457285342755 516

2457286332789 963

Continued on next column

Table 2 ndash Continued from previous column

ID Time(jd) RV (km sminus1)

2457286362176 878

2457286347442 821

2457286318148 849

LPSEB83 2457330110463 -964

2457304150313 -515

LPSEB84 2456326160185 306

2456656276146 -161

2456656318993 -35

LPSEB85 2457005220139 -77

2457005286389 391

LPSEB86 2456392183611 -251

2457439365277 -728

LPSEB87 2456224202720 -1000

2456224154884 -1086

LPSEB88 2457015367141 -695

2457389402777 -215

62 Full Light Curves of Binaries

14 Yang et al

We wish to thank the referee for their most useful com-ments which have greatly improved the paper This workmade use of astroML2 and IPAC database for PTF3 Weacknowledge the use of LAMOST data and catalog Wewould like to thank Lin He and Chang-Qing Luo for theuseful discussion We also thank Weiming Gu for the feed-back on the work Fan Yang and Ji-Feng Liu acknowledgefunding from National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC11988101) National Science Fund for DistinguishedYoung Scholars (No11425313) and National Key Researchand Development Program of China (No2016YFA0400800)

2 httpshttpwwwastromlorg3 httpsirsaipaccaltecheducgi-binGatornph-dd

13

Table 2 ndash Continued from previous column

ID Time(jd) RV (km sminus1)

2456665343380 46

LPSEB68 2456984952523 -916

2456985022176 -548

LPSEB69 2456361073252 875

2456692069433 506

2457010222593 878

LPSEB70 2456980341725 192

2456990327315 567

LPSEB71 2456984952523 -1182

2456985022176 -1561

LPSEB72 2455923410914 -892

2457062269606 -508

LPSEB73 2456384998368 676

2456743027083 1070

LPSEB74 2456966337755 485

2456966403588 962

2457378243750 -24

2457378309722 416

LPSEB75 2456611099259 -1006

2456641949792 -932

2457285182639 -1174

2457285197245 -865

2457285261377 -896

2457285246817 -920

2457286143044 -847

2457286157789 -930

2457286230972 -1067

2457286172431 -815

2457286245822 -1156

2457286186956 -817

2457286201493 -898

2457286260486 -1219

2457286216088 -1031

LPSEB76 2455953336609 358

2456785045231 -52

LPSEB77 2456966337755 -530

2456990327315 -113

LPSEB78 2456385228322 199

2456385308495 -219

LPSEB79 2457378243750 1090

2457378309722 597

LPSEB80 2456640320035 59

2456980341725 503

LPSEB81 2456350088762 315

2457005220139 -132

LPSEB82 2457285342755 516

2457286332789 963

Continued on next column

Table 2 ndash Continued from previous column

ID Time(jd) RV (km sminus1)

2457286362176 878

2457286347442 821

2457286318148 849

LPSEB83 2457330110463 -964

2457304150313 -515

LPSEB84 2456326160185 306

2456656276146 -161

2456656318993 -35

LPSEB85 2457005220139 -77

2457005286389 391

LPSEB86 2456392183611 -251

2457439365277 -728

LPSEB87 2456224202720 -1000

2456224154884 -1086

LPSEB88 2457015367141 -695

2457389402777 -215

62 Full Light Curves of Binaries

14 Yang et al

We wish to thank the referee for their most useful com-ments which have greatly improved the paper This workmade use of astroML2 and IPAC database for PTF3 Weacknowledge the use of LAMOST data and catalog Wewould like to thank Lin He and Chang-Qing Luo for theuseful discussion We also thank Weiming Gu for the feed-back on the work Fan Yang and Ji-Feng Liu acknowledgefunding from National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC11988101) National Science Fund for DistinguishedYoung Scholars (No11425313) and National Key Researchand Development Program of China (No2016YFA0400800)

2 httpshttpwwwastromlorg3 httpsirsaipaccaltecheducgi-binGatornph-dd

14 Yang et al

We wish to thank the referee for their most useful com-ments which have greatly improved the paper This workmade use of astroML2 and IPAC database for PTF3 Weacknowledge the use of LAMOST data and catalog Wewould like to thank Lin He and Chang-Qing Luo for theuseful discussion We also thank Weiming Gu for the feed-back on the work Fan Yang and Ji-Feng Liu acknowledgefunding from National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC11988101) National Science Fund for DistinguishedYoung Scholars (No11425313) and National Key Researchand Development Program of China (No2016YFA0400800)

2 httpshttpwwwastromlorg3 httpsirsaipaccaltecheducgi-binGatornph-dd

15

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB1 Period 033 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

minus40

minus20

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1440

1460

1480

Mag

LPSEB2 Period 043 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus60

minus55

minus50

minus45

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1390

1400

1410

1420

1430

Mag

LPSEB3 Period 039 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

50

60

70

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1430

1440

1450

1460

1470

Mag

LPSEB4 Period 037 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1300

1310

1320

1330

Mag

LPSEB5 Period 044 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus100

minus80

minus60

minus40

minus20rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

025

050

075

100

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1600

1620

1640

Mag

LPSEB6 Period 037 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

0

20

40

60

80

rv

Figure 10 The periodograms (left column) and folded light curves (right column) of all EB The rows from top to bottom are LPSEB1 toLPSEB88 The inner subfigure inside the left column shows a broader period range The dashed line in the periodogram indicates the Lomb-Scargle false positive probability The red vertical lines indicate the optimized peak which is half of the orbital period The highest peak shownis possibly not the optimized peak A solitary peak is treated as improbable if a clump of peaks appears when reducing the binning size Thelight curves are shifted to have a major eclipse at θ=025 The black points are the photometric brightness while red points present the radialvelocity with the same ephemeris as the light curve

16 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1580

1600

1620

Mag

LPSEB7 Period 037 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

60

70

80

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1425

1428

1430

1433

1435

1438

Mag

LPSEB8 Period 114 Type EC

0 5 10000

025

minus30

minus20

minus10

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1530

1540

1550

1560

Mag

LPSEB9 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB10 Period 034 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1550

1560

1570

1580

Mag

LPSEB11 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus60

minus40

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB12 Period 029 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

17

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1512

1514

1516

1518

Mag

LPSEB13 Period 079 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

0

20

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

Mag

LPSEB14 Period 044 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus25

0

25

50

75

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1350

1360

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB15 Period 040 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

30

40

50

60

70

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB16 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

30

40

50

60

70

80

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1510

1520

1530

1540

Mag

LPSEB17 Period 056 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1385

1390

1395

Mag

LPSEB18 Period 110 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus30

minus20

minus10

0

10

20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

18 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB19 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus25

0

25

50

75

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

1530

Mag

LPSEB20 Period 036 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus40

minus20

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1445

1450

1455

1460

1465

Mag

LPSEB21 Period 055 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus96

minus94

minus92

minus90

minus88

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1425

1430

1435

1440

1445

Mag

LPSEB22 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

20

40

60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB23 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus40

minus20

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB24 Period 026 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus75

minus50

minus25

0

25

50

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

19

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

1400

Mag

LPSEB25 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1405

1410

1415

1420

1425

1430

Mag

LPSEB26 Period 051 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus80

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1515

1520

1525

Mag

LPSEB27 Period 068 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus100

minus80

minus60

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1510

1520

1530

Mag

LPSEB28 Period 037 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus20

0

20

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1340

1360

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB29 Period 048 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB30 Period 037 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

15

20

25

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

20 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB31 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus25

minus20

minus15

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

008

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1360

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB32 Period 022 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

20

40

60

80

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB33 Period 030 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus20

0

20

40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB34 Period 024 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus55

minus50

minus45

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

008

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

1400

Mag

LPSEB35 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

005

minus60

minus40

minus20

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

008

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

1580

Mag

LPSEB36 Period 028 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

minus10

minus5

0

5

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

21

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

Mag

LPSEB37 Period 045 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus50

0

50

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1220

1240

1260

1280

Mag

LPSEB38 Period 040 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus50

0

50

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB39 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus65

minus60

minus55

minus50

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB40 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

10

15

20

25

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

001

002

003

004

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB41 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

003

minus35

minus30

minus25

minus20

minus15

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB42 Period 053 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus50

0

50

100

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

22 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

1620

Mag

LPSEB43 Period 046 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB44 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB45 Period 039 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

10

15

20

25

30

35

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB46 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus80

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1230

1240

1250

1260

1270

1280

Mag

LPSEB47 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus60

minus40

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB48 Period 037 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

40

50

60

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

23

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB49 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB50 Period 051 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1620

1640

1660

1680

Mag

LPSEB51 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

40

60

80

100

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

1620

1640

Mag

LPSEB52 Period 026 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1415

1420

1425

1430

1435

Mag

LPSEB53 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB54 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus20

minus10

0

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

24 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1640

1660

1680

1700

Mag

LPSEB55 Period 030 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB56 Period 029 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus20

0

20

40

60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB57 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

001

002

003

004

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB58 Period 028 Type EC

0 5 10000

002

minus200

minus150

minus100

minus50

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1340

1360

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB59 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB60 Period 037 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

25

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08phase

1600

1620

1640

1660

Mag

LPSEB61 Period 045 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus120

minus100

minus80

minus60

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

Mag

LPSEB62 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB63 Period 027 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1520

1530

1540

Mag

LPSEB64 Period 036 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus30

minus20

minus10

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB65 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus10

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB66 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

minus240

minus235

minus230

minus225

minus220

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

26 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1530

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB67 Period 026 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1630

1640

1650

1660

1670

1680

Mag

LPSEB68 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB69 Period 072 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

50

60

70

80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1600

1605

1610

1615

Mag

LPSEB70 Period 048 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1590

1600

1610

1620

1630

Mag

LPSEB71 Period 048 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus150

minus140

minus130

minus120

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

1520

Mag

LPSEB72 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

27

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB73 Period 064 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

70

80

90

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB74 Period 043 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

0

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1410

1420

1430

Mag

LPSEB75 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus120

minus110

minus100

minus90

minus80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB76 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB77 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB78 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus20

minus10

0

10

20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

28 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB79 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

60

70

80

90

100

110

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1300

1320

1340

Mag

LPSEB80 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

10

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB81 Period 078 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB82 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

50

60

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1650

1660

1670

1680

1690

Mag

LPSEB83 Period 033 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1430

1440

1450

1460

1470

Mag

LPSEB84 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

29

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB85 Period 061 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1570

1580

1590

1600

Mag

LPSEB86 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB87 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus108

minus106

minus104

minus102

minus100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

Mag

LPSEB88 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

30 Yang et al

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This figure ORCIDiD_icon128x128png is available in png format from

httparxivorgps200604430v1

16 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1580

1600

1620

Mag

LPSEB7 Period 037 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

60

70

80

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1425

1428

1430

1433

1435

1438

Mag

LPSEB8 Period 114 Type EC

0 5 10000

025

minus30

minus20

minus10

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1530

1540

1550

1560

Mag

LPSEB9 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB10 Period 034 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1550

1560

1570

1580

Mag

LPSEB11 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus60

minus40

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB12 Period 029 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

17

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1512

1514

1516

1518

Mag

LPSEB13 Period 079 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

0

20

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

Mag

LPSEB14 Period 044 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus25

0

25

50

75

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1350

1360

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB15 Period 040 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

30

40

50

60

70

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB16 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

30

40

50

60

70

80

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1510

1520

1530

1540

Mag

LPSEB17 Period 056 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1385

1390

1395

Mag

LPSEB18 Period 110 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus30

minus20

minus10

0

10

20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

18 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB19 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus25

0

25

50

75

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

1530

Mag

LPSEB20 Period 036 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus40

minus20

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1445

1450

1455

1460

1465

Mag

LPSEB21 Period 055 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus96

minus94

minus92

minus90

minus88

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1425

1430

1435

1440

1445

Mag

LPSEB22 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

20

40

60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB23 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus40

minus20

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB24 Period 026 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus75

minus50

minus25

0

25

50

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

19

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

1400

Mag

LPSEB25 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1405

1410

1415

1420

1425

1430

Mag

LPSEB26 Period 051 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus80

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1515

1520

1525

Mag

LPSEB27 Period 068 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus100

minus80

minus60

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1510

1520

1530

Mag

LPSEB28 Period 037 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus20

0

20

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1340

1360

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB29 Period 048 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB30 Period 037 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

15

20

25

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

20 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB31 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus25

minus20

minus15

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

008

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1360

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB32 Period 022 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

20

40

60

80

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB33 Period 030 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus20

0

20

40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB34 Period 024 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus55

minus50

minus45

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

008

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

1400

Mag

LPSEB35 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

005

minus60

minus40

minus20

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

008

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

1580

Mag

LPSEB36 Period 028 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

minus10

minus5

0

5

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

21

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

Mag

LPSEB37 Period 045 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus50

0

50

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1220

1240

1260

1280

Mag

LPSEB38 Period 040 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus50

0

50

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB39 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus65

minus60

minus55

minus50

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB40 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

10

15

20

25

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

001

002

003

004

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB41 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

003

minus35

minus30

minus25

minus20

minus15

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB42 Period 053 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus50

0

50

100

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

22 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

1620

Mag

LPSEB43 Period 046 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB44 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB45 Period 039 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

10

15

20

25

30

35

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB46 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus80

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1230

1240

1250

1260

1270

1280

Mag

LPSEB47 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus60

minus40

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB48 Period 037 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

40

50

60

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

23

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB49 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB50 Period 051 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1620

1640

1660

1680

Mag

LPSEB51 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

40

60

80

100

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

1620

1640

Mag

LPSEB52 Period 026 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1415

1420

1425

1430

1435

Mag

LPSEB53 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB54 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus20

minus10

0

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

24 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1640

1660

1680

1700

Mag

LPSEB55 Period 030 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB56 Period 029 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus20

0

20

40

60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB57 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

001

002

003

004

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB58 Period 028 Type EC

0 5 10000

002

minus200

minus150

minus100

minus50

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1340

1360

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB59 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB60 Period 037 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

25

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08phase

1600

1620

1640

1660

Mag

LPSEB61 Period 045 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus120

minus100

minus80

minus60

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

Mag

LPSEB62 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB63 Period 027 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1520

1530

1540

Mag

LPSEB64 Period 036 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus30

minus20

minus10

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB65 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus10

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB66 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

minus240

minus235

minus230

minus225

minus220

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

26 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1530

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB67 Period 026 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1630

1640

1650

1660

1670

1680

Mag

LPSEB68 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB69 Period 072 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

50

60

70

80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1600

1605

1610

1615

Mag

LPSEB70 Period 048 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1590

1600

1610

1620

1630

Mag

LPSEB71 Period 048 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus150

minus140

minus130

minus120

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

1520

Mag

LPSEB72 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

27

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB73 Period 064 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

70

80

90

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB74 Period 043 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

0

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1410

1420

1430

Mag

LPSEB75 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus120

minus110

minus100

minus90

minus80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB76 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB77 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB78 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus20

minus10

0

10

20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

28 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB79 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

60

70

80

90

100

110

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1300

1320

1340

Mag

LPSEB80 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

10

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB81 Period 078 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB82 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

50

60

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1650

1660

1670

1680

1690

Mag

LPSEB83 Period 033 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1430

1440

1450

1460

1470

Mag

LPSEB84 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

29

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB85 Period 061 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1570

1580

1590

1600

Mag

LPSEB86 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB87 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus108

minus106

minus104

minus102

minus100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

Mag

LPSEB88 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

30 Yang et al

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This figure ORCIDiD_icon128x128png is available in png format from

httparxivorgps200604430v1

17

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1512

1514

1516

1518

Mag

LPSEB13 Period 079 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

0

20

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

Mag

LPSEB14 Period 044 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus25

0

25

50

75

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1350

1360

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB15 Period 040 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

30

40

50

60

70

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB16 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

30

40

50

60

70

80

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1510

1520

1530

1540

Mag

LPSEB17 Period 056 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1385

1390

1395

Mag

LPSEB18 Period 110 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus30

minus20

minus10

0

10

20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

18 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB19 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus25

0

25

50

75

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

1530

Mag

LPSEB20 Period 036 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus40

minus20

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1445

1450

1455

1460

1465

Mag

LPSEB21 Period 055 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus96

minus94

minus92

minus90

minus88

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1425

1430

1435

1440

1445

Mag

LPSEB22 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

20

40

60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB23 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus40

minus20

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB24 Period 026 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus75

minus50

minus25

0

25

50

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

19

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

1400

Mag

LPSEB25 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1405

1410

1415

1420

1425

1430

Mag

LPSEB26 Period 051 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus80

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1515

1520

1525

Mag

LPSEB27 Period 068 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus100

minus80

minus60

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1510

1520

1530

Mag

LPSEB28 Period 037 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus20

0

20

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1340

1360

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB29 Period 048 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB30 Period 037 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

15

20

25

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

20 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB31 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus25

minus20

minus15

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

008

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1360

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB32 Period 022 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

20

40

60

80

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB33 Period 030 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus20

0

20

40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB34 Period 024 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus55

minus50

minus45

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

008

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

1400

Mag

LPSEB35 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

005

minus60

minus40

minus20

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

008

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

1580

Mag

LPSEB36 Period 028 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

minus10

minus5

0

5

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

21

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

Mag

LPSEB37 Period 045 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus50

0

50

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1220

1240

1260

1280

Mag

LPSEB38 Period 040 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus50

0

50

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB39 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus65

minus60

minus55

minus50

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB40 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

10

15

20

25

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

001

002

003

004

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB41 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

003

minus35

minus30

minus25

minus20

minus15

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB42 Period 053 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus50

0

50

100

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

22 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

1620

Mag

LPSEB43 Period 046 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB44 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB45 Period 039 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

10

15

20

25

30

35

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB46 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus80

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1230

1240

1250

1260

1270

1280

Mag

LPSEB47 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus60

minus40

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB48 Period 037 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

40

50

60

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

23

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB49 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB50 Period 051 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1620

1640

1660

1680

Mag

LPSEB51 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

40

60

80

100

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

1620

1640

Mag

LPSEB52 Period 026 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1415

1420

1425

1430

1435

Mag

LPSEB53 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB54 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus20

minus10

0

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

24 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1640

1660

1680

1700

Mag

LPSEB55 Period 030 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB56 Period 029 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus20

0

20

40

60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB57 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

001

002

003

004

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB58 Period 028 Type EC

0 5 10000

002

minus200

minus150

minus100

minus50

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1340

1360

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB59 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB60 Period 037 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

25

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08phase

1600

1620

1640

1660

Mag

LPSEB61 Period 045 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus120

minus100

minus80

minus60

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

Mag

LPSEB62 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB63 Period 027 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1520

1530

1540

Mag

LPSEB64 Period 036 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus30

minus20

minus10

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB65 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus10

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB66 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

minus240

minus235

minus230

minus225

minus220

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

26 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1530

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB67 Period 026 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1630

1640

1650

1660

1670

1680

Mag

LPSEB68 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB69 Period 072 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

50

60

70

80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1600

1605

1610

1615

Mag

LPSEB70 Period 048 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1590

1600

1610

1620

1630

Mag

LPSEB71 Period 048 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus150

minus140

minus130

minus120

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

1520

Mag

LPSEB72 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

27

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB73 Period 064 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

70

80

90

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB74 Period 043 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

0

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1410

1420

1430

Mag

LPSEB75 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus120

minus110

minus100

minus90

minus80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB76 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB77 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB78 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus20

minus10

0

10

20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

28 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB79 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

60

70

80

90

100

110

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1300

1320

1340

Mag

LPSEB80 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

10

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB81 Period 078 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB82 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

50

60

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1650

1660

1670

1680

1690

Mag

LPSEB83 Period 033 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1430

1440

1450

1460

1470

Mag

LPSEB84 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

29

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB85 Period 061 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1570

1580

1590

1600

Mag

LPSEB86 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB87 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus108

minus106

minus104

minus102

minus100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

Mag

LPSEB88 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

30 Yang et al

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This figure ORCIDiD_icon128x128png is available in png format from

httparxivorgps200604430v1

18 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB19 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus25

0

25

50

75

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

1530

Mag

LPSEB20 Period 036 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus40

minus20

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1445

1450

1455

1460

1465

Mag

LPSEB21 Period 055 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus96

minus94

minus92

minus90

minus88

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1425

1430

1435

1440

1445

Mag

LPSEB22 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

20

40

60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB23 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus40

minus20

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB24 Period 026 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus75

minus50

minus25

0

25

50

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

19

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

1400

Mag

LPSEB25 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1405

1410

1415

1420

1425

1430

Mag

LPSEB26 Period 051 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus80

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1515

1520

1525

Mag

LPSEB27 Period 068 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus100

minus80

minus60

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1510

1520

1530

Mag

LPSEB28 Period 037 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus20

0

20

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1340

1360

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB29 Period 048 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB30 Period 037 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

15

20

25

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

20 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB31 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus25

minus20

minus15

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

008

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1360

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB32 Period 022 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

20

40

60

80

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB33 Period 030 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus20

0

20

40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB34 Period 024 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus55

minus50

minus45

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

008

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

1400

Mag

LPSEB35 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

005

minus60

minus40

minus20

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

008

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

1580

Mag

LPSEB36 Period 028 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

minus10

minus5

0

5

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

21

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

Mag

LPSEB37 Period 045 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus50

0

50

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1220

1240

1260

1280

Mag

LPSEB38 Period 040 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus50

0

50

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB39 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus65

minus60

minus55

minus50

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB40 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

10

15

20

25

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

001

002

003

004

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB41 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

003

minus35

minus30

minus25

minus20

minus15

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB42 Period 053 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus50

0

50

100

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

22 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

1620

Mag

LPSEB43 Period 046 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB44 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB45 Period 039 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

10

15

20

25

30

35

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB46 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus80

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1230

1240

1250

1260

1270

1280

Mag

LPSEB47 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus60

minus40

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB48 Period 037 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

40

50

60

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

23

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB49 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB50 Period 051 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1620

1640

1660

1680

Mag

LPSEB51 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

40

60

80

100

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

1620

1640

Mag

LPSEB52 Period 026 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1415

1420

1425

1430

1435

Mag

LPSEB53 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB54 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus20

minus10

0

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

24 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1640

1660

1680

1700

Mag

LPSEB55 Period 030 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB56 Period 029 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus20

0

20

40

60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB57 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

001

002

003

004

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB58 Period 028 Type EC

0 5 10000

002

minus200

minus150

minus100

minus50

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1340

1360

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB59 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB60 Period 037 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

25

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08phase

1600

1620

1640

1660

Mag

LPSEB61 Period 045 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus120

minus100

minus80

minus60

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

Mag

LPSEB62 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB63 Period 027 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1520

1530

1540

Mag

LPSEB64 Period 036 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus30

minus20

minus10

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB65 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus10

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB66 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

minus240

minus235

minus230

minus225

minus220

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

26 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1530

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB67 Period 026 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1630

1640

1650

1660

1670

1680

Mag

LPSEB68 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB69 Period 072 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

50

60

70

80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1600

1605

1610

1615

Mag

LPSEB70 Period 048 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1590

1600

1610

1620

1630

Mag

LPSEB71 Period 048 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus150

minus140

minus130

minus120

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

1520

Mag

LPSEB72 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

27

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB73 Period 064 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

70

80

90

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB74 Period 043 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

0

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1410

1420

1430

Mag

LPSEB75 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus120

minus110

minus100

minus90

minus80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB76 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB77 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB78 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus20

minus10

0

10

20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

28 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB79 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

60

70

80

90

100

110

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1300

1320

1340

Mag

LPSEB80 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

10

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB81 Period 078 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB82 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

50

60

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1650

1660

1670

1680

1690

Mag

LPSEB83 Period 033 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1430

1440

1450

1460

1470

Mag

LPSEB84 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

29

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB85 Period 061 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1570

1580

1590

1600

Mag

LPSEB86 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB87 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus108

minus106

minus104

minus102

minus100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

Mag

LPSEB88 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

30 Yang et al

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This figure ORCIDiD_icon128x128png is available in png format from

httparxivorgps200604430v1

19

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

1400

Mag

LPSEB25 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1405

1410

1415

1420

1425

1430

Mag

LPSEB26 Period 051 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus80

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1515

1520

1525

Mag

LPSEB27 Period 068 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus100

minus80

minus60

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1510

1520

1530

Mag

LPSEB28 Period 037 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus20

0

20

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1340

1360

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB29 Period 048 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB30 Period 037 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

15

20

25

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

20 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB31 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus25

minus20

minus15

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

008

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1360

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB32 Period 022 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

20

40

60

80

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB33 Period 030 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus20

0

20

40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB34 Period 024 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus55

minus50

minus45

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

008

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

1400

Mag

LPSEB35 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

005

minus60

minus40

minus20

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

008

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

1580

Mag

LPSEB36 Period 028 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

minus10

minus5

0

5

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

21

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

Mag

LPSEB37 Period 045 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus50

0

50

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1220

1240

1260

1280

Mag

LPSEB38 Period 040 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus50

0

50

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB39 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus65

minus60

minus55

minus50

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB40 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

10

15

20

25

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

001

002

003

004

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB41 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

003

minus35

minus30

minus25

minus20

minus15

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB42 Period 053 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus50

0

50

100

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

22 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

1620

Mag

LPSEB43 Period 046 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB44 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB45 Period 039 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

10

15

20

25

30

35

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB46 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus80

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1230

1240

1250

1260

1270

1280

Mag

LPSEB47 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus60

minus40

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB48 Period 037 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

40

50

60

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

23

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB49 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB50 Period 051 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1620

1640

1660

1680

Mag

LPSEB51 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

40

60

80

100

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

1620

1640

Mag

LPSEB52 Period 026 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1415

1420

1425

1430

1435

Mag

LPSEB53 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB54 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus20

minus10

0

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

24 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1640

1660

1680

1700

Mag

LPSEB55 Period 030 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB56 Period 029 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus20

0

20

40

60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB57 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

001

002

003

004

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB58 Period 028 Type EC

0 5 10000

002

minus200

minus150

minus100

minus50

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1340

1360

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB59 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB60 Period 037 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

25

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08phase

1600

1620

1640

1660

Mag

LPSEB61 Period 045 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus120

minus100

minus80

minus60

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

Mag

LPSEB62 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB63 Period 027 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1520

1530

1540

Mag

LPSEB64 Period 036 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus30

minus20

minus10

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB65 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus10

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB66 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

minus240

minus235

minus230

minus225

minus220

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

26 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1530

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB67 Period 026 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1630

1640

1650

1660

1670

1680

Mag

LPSEB68 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB69 Period 072 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

50

60

70

80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1600

1605

1610

1615

Mag

LPSEB70 Period 048 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1590

1600

1610

1620

1630

Mag

LPSEB71 Period 048 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus150

minus140

minus130

minus120

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

1520

Mag

LPSEB72 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

27

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB73 Period 064 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

70

80

90

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB74 Period 043 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

0

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1410

1420

1430

Mag

LPSEB75 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus120

minus110

minus100

minus90

minus80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB76 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB77 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB78 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus20

minus10

0

10

20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

28 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB79 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

60

70

80

90

100

110

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1300

1320

1340

Mag

LPSEB80 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

10

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB81 Period 078 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB82 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

50

60

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1650

1660

1670

1680

1690

Mag

LPSEB83 Period 033 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1430

1440

1450

1460

1470

Mag

LPSEB84 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

29

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB85 Period 061 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1570

1580

1590

1600

Mag

LPSEB86 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB87 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus108

minus106

minus104

minus102

minus100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

Mag

LPSEB88 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

30 Yang et al

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This figure ORCIDiD_icon128x128png is available in png format from

httparxivorgps200604430v1

20 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB31 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus25

minus20

minus15

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

008

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1360

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB32 Period 022 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

20

40

60

80

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB33 Period 030 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus20

0

20

40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB34 Period 024 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus55

minus50

minus45

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

008

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

1400

Mag

LPSEB35 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

005

minus60

minus40

minus20

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

008

010

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

1580

Mag

LPSEB36 Period 028 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

minus10

minus5

0

5

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

21

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

Mag

LPSEB37 Period 045 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus50

0

50

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1220

1240

1260

1280

Mag

LPSEB38 Period 040 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus50

0

50

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB39 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus65

minus60

minus55

minus50

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB40 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

10

15

20

25

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

001

002

003

004

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB41 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

003

minus35

minus30

minus25

minus20

minus15

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB42 Period 053 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus50

0

50

100

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

22 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

1620

Mag

LPSEB43 Period 046 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB44 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB45 Period 039 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

10

15

20

25

30

35

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB46 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus80

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1230

1240

1250

1260

1270

1280

Mag

LPSEB47 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus60

minus40

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB48 Period 037 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

40

50

60

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

23

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB49 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB50 Period 051 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1620

1640

1660

1680

Mag

LPSEB51 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

40

60

80

100

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

1620

1640

Mag

LPSEB52 Period 026 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1415

1420

1425

1430

1435

Mag

LPSEB53 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB54 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus20

minus10

0

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

24 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1640

1660

1680

1700

Mag

LPSEB55 Period 030 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB56 Period 029 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus20

0

20

40

60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB57 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

001

002

003

004

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB58 Period 028 Type EC

0 5 10000

002

minus200

minus150

minus100

minus50

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1340

1360

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB59 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB60 Period 037 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

25

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08phase

1600

1620

1640

1660

Mag

LPSEB61 Period 045 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus120

minus100

minus80

minus60

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

Mag

LPSEB62 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB63 Period 027 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1520

1530

1540

Mag

LPSEB64 Period 036 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus30

minus20

minus10

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB65 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus10

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB66 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

minus240

minus235

minus230

minus225

minus220

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

26 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1530

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB67 Period 026 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1630

1640

1650

1660

1670

1680

Mag

LPSEB68 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB69 Period 072 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

50

60

70

80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1600

1605

1610

1615

Mag

LPSEB70 Period 048 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1590

1600

1610

1620

1630

Mag

LPSEB71 Period 048 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus150

minus140

minus130

minus120

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

1520

Mag

LPSEB72 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

27

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB73 Period 064 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

70

80

90

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB74 Period 043 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

0

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1410

1420

1430

Mag

LPSEB75 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus120

minus110

minus100

minus90

minus80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB76 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB77 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB78 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus20

minus10

0

10

20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

28 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB79 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

60

70

80

90

100

110

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1300

1320

1340

Mag

LPSEB80 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

10

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB81 Period 078 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB82 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

50

60

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1650

1660

1670

1680

1690

Mag

LPSEB83 Period 033 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1430

1440

1450

1460

1470

Mag

LPSEB84 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

29

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB85 Period 061 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1570

1580

1590

1600

Mag

LPSEB86 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB87 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus108

minus106

minus104

minus102

minus100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

Mag

LPSEB88 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

30 Yang et al

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This figure ORCIDiD_icon128x128png is available in png format from

httparxivorgps200604430v1

21

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1320

1340

1360

1380

Mag

LPSEB37 Period 045 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus50

0

50

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1220

1240

1260

1280

Mag

LPSEB38 Period 040 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus50

0

50

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB39 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus65

minus60

minus55

minus50

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB40 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

10

15

20

25

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

001

002

003

004

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB41 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

003

minus35

minus30

minus25

minus20

minus15

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB42 Period 053 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus50

0

50

100

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

22 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

1620

Mag

LPSEB43 Period 046 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB44 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB45 Period 039 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

10

15

20

25

30

35

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB46 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus80

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1230

1240

1250

1260

1270

1280

Mag

LPSEB47 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus60

minus40

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB48 Period 037 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

40

50

60

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

23

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB49 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB50 Period 051 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1620

1640

1660

1680

Mag

LPSEB51 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

40

60

80

100

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

1620

1640

Mag

LPSEB52 Period 026 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1415

1420

1425

1430

1435

Mag

LPSEB53 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB54 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus20

minus10

0

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

24 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1640

1660

1680

1700

Mag

LPSEB55 Period 030 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB56 Period 029 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus20

0

20

40

60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB57 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

001

002

003

004

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB58 Period 028 Type EC

0 5 10000

002

minus200

minus150

minus100

minus50

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1340

1360

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB59 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB60 Period 037 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

25

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08phase

1600

1620

1640

1660

Mag

LPSEB61 Period 045 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus120

minus100

minus80

minus60

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

Mag

LPSEB62 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB63 Period 027 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1520

1530

1540

Mag

LPSEB64 Period 036 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus30

minus20

minus10

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB65 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus10

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB66 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

minus240

minus235

minus230

minus225

minus220

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

26 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1530

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB67 Period 026 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1630

1640

1650

1660

1670

1680

Mag

LPSEB68 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB69 Period 072 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

50

60

70

80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1600

1605

1610

1615

Mag

LPSEB70 Period 048 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1590

1600

1610

1620

1630

Mag

LPSEB71 Period 048 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus150

minus140

minus130

minus120

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

1520

Mag

LPSEB72 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

27

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB73 Period 064 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

70

80

90

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB74 Period 043 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

0

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1410

1420

1430

Mag

LPSEB75 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus120

minus110

minus100

minus90

minus80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB76 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB77 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB78 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus20

minus10

0

10

20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

28 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB79 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

60

70

80

90

100

110

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1300

1320

1340

Mag

LPSEB80 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

10

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB81 Period 078 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB82 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

50

60

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1650

1660

1670

1680

1690

Mag

LPSEB83 Period 033 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1430

1440

1450

1460

1470

Mag

LPSEB84 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

29

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB85 Period 061 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1570

1580

1590

1600

Mag

LPSEB86 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB87 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus108

minus106

minus104

minus102

minus100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

Mag

LPSEB88 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

30 Yang et al

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This figure ORCIDiD_icon128x128png is available in png format from

httparxivorgps200604430v1

22 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

1620

Mag

LPSEB43 Period 046 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB44 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB45 Period 039 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

10

15

20

25

30

35

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB46 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus80

minus60

minus40

minus20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1230

1240

1250

1260

1270

1280

Mag

LPSEB47 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus60

minus40

minus20

0

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

100

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1450

1460

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB48 Period 037 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

40

50

60

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

23

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB49 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB50 Period 051 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1620

1640

1660

1680

Mag

LPSEB51 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

40

60

80

100

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

1620

1640

Mag

LPSEB52 Period 026 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1415

1420

1425

1430

1435

Mag

LPSEB53 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB54 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus20

minus10

0

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

24 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1640

1660

1680

1700

Mag

LPSEB55 Period 030 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB56 Period 029 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus20

0

20

40

60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB57 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

001

002

003

004

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB58 Period 028 Type EC

0 5 10000

002

minus200

minus150

minus100

minus50

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1340

1360

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB59 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB60 Period 037 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

25

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08phase

1600

1620

1640

1660

Mag

LPSEB61 Period 045 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus120

minus100

minus80

minus60

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

Mag

LPSEB62 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB63 Period 027 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1520

1530

1540

Mag

LPSEB64 Period 036 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus30

minus20

minus10

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB65 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus10

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB66 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

minus240

minus235

minus230

minus225

minus220

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

26 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1530

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB67 Period 026 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1630

1640

1650

1660

1670

1680

Mag

LPSEB68 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB69 Period 072 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

50

60

70

80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1600

1605

1610

1615

Mag

LPSEB70 Period 048 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1590

1600

1610

1620

1630

Mag

LPSEB71 Period 048 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus150

minus140

minus130

minus120

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

1520

Mag

LPSEB72 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

27

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB73 Period 064 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

70

80

90

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB74 Period 043 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

0

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1410

1420

1430

Mag

LPSEB75 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus120

minus110

minus100

minus90

minus80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB76 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB77 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB78 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus20

minus10

0

10

20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

28 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB79 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

60

70

80

90

100

110

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1300

1320

1340

Mag

LPSEB80 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

10

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB81 Period 078 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB82 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

50

60

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1650

1660

1670

1680

1690

Mag

LPSEB83 Period 033 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1430

1440

1450

1460

1470

Mag

LPSEB84 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

29

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB85 Period 061 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1570

1580

1590

1600

Mag

LPSEB86 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB87 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus108

minus106

minus104

minus102

minus100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

Mag

LPSEB88 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

30 Yang et al

REFERENCES

Abt H A amp Levy S G 1975 BAAS 7 268

Abt H A amp Willmarth D 2006 ApJS 162 207

Andersen J 1991 AampA Rv 3 91

Alcock C Allsman R A Alves D et al 1997 ApJ 486 697

Ashcraft T A Hynes R I amp Robinson E L 2012 MNRAS

424 620

Baade W 1946 PASP 58 249

Bonanos A Z Stanek K Z Kudritzki R P et al 2006 ApJ

652 313

Casares J Negueruela I Riboacute M et al 2014 Nature 505 378

Chabrier G Gallardo J amp Baraffe I 2007 AampA 472 L17

Campbell W W amp Curtis H D 1905 Lick Observatory Bulletin

3 136

Claret A Ballet J Goldwurm A et al 1993 Advances in Space

Research 13 735

Cui X-Q Zhao Y-H Chu Y-Q et al 2012 Research in

Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 1197

Daniel R R Joseph G Lavakare P J amp Sunderrajan R 1967

Nature 213 21

Deng L-C Newberg H J Liu C et al 2012 Research in

Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 735

Duquennoy A amp Mayor M 1991 AampA 248 485

Ferwerda J G 1943 BAN 9 337

Fu J N Khokhuntod P Rodriacuteguez E et al 2008 AJ 135 1958

Gao S Liu C Zhang X et al 2014 ApJL 788 L37

Gao Q Xin Y Liu J-F Zhang X-B amp Gao S 2016 ApJS

224 37

Guinan E F Fitzpatrick E L DeWarf L E et al 1998 ApJL

509 L21

Guinan E F amp Engle S G 2006 ApampSS 304 5

Grison P Beaulieu J-P Pritchard J D et al 1995 AampAS 109

447

Herschel W 1802 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal

Society of London Series I 92 477

Hurley J R Tout C A amp Pols O R 2002 MNRAS 329 897

Ivezic Ž Smith J A Miknaitis G et al 2007 AJ 134 973

Jiang D Han Z Ge H Yang L amp Li L 2012 MNRAS 421

2769

Jackson B K Lewis N K Barnes J W et al 2012 ApJ 751

112

Kallrath J amp Milone E F 2009 Eclipsing Binary Stars

Modeling and Analysis Astronomy and Astrophysics Library

ISBN 978-1-4419-0698-4 Springer-Verlag New York

Kao W Kaplan D L Prince T A et al 2016 MNRAS 461

2747

Law N M Kulkarni S R Dekany R G et al 2009 PASP 121

1395

Liu J-F Bregman J N Bai Y Justham S amp Crowther P

2013 Nature 503 500

Liu J-F Bai Y Wang S et al 2015 Nature 528 108

Lomb N R 1976 ApampSS 39 447

Matijevic G Zwitter T Bienaymeacute O et al 2011 AJ 141 200

Matijevic G Zwitter T Munari U et al 2010 AJ 140 184

Mazeh T amp Faigler S 2010 AampA 521 L59

Milone E F Leahy D A amp Hobill D W 2008 Astrophysics

and Space Science Library

Matijevic G Prša A Orosz J A et al 2012 AJ 143 123

Otero S A Wils P amp Dubovsky P A 2004 Information

Bulletin on Variable Stars 5570 1

Paczynski B amp Sasselov D 1997 Variables Stars and the

Astrophysical Returns of the Microlensing Surveys 309

Pourbaix D Tokovinin A A Batten A H et al 2004 AampA

424 727

Prša A amp Zwitter T 2005 ApJ 628 426

Prša A Batalha N Slawson R W et al 2011 AJ 141 83

Prša A Conroy K E Horvat M et al 2016 ApJS 227 29

Paczynski B amp Pojmanski G 2000 Bulletin of the American

Astronomical Society 32 1001

Paczynski B Szczygieł D M Pilecki B et al 2006 MNRAS

368 1311

Qian S 2003 MNRAS 342 1260

Raghavan D McAlister H A Henry T J et al 2010 ApJS

190 1

Rau A Kulkarni S R Law N M et al 2009 PASP 121 1334

Remillard R A amp McClintock J E 2006 ARAampA 44 49

Ren J J Rebassa-Mansergas A Luo A L et al 2014 AampA

570 A107

Rucinski S M 1992 AJ 103 960

Rucinski S M 1993 PASP 105 1433

Rucinski S M 1997 AJ 113 407

Samusrsquo N N Kazarovets E V Durlevich O V et al 2017

Astronomy Reports 61 80

Slawson R W Prša A Welsh W F et al 2011 AJ 142 160

Soszynski I Stepien K Pilecki B et al 2015 AcA 65 39

Soszynski I Pawlak M Pietrukowicz P et al 2016 AcA 66

405

Stepien K 2006 AcA 56 347

Swope H H amp Shapley H 1938 Harvard College Observatory

Bulletin 909 14

Torres G amp Ribas I 2002 ApJ 567 1140

Udalski A Soszynski Szymanski M et al 1998 AcA 48 563

VanderPlas J Connolly A J Ivezic Z et al 2012 Proceedings

of Conference on Intelligent Data Understanding (CIDU 47

VanderPlas J T amp Ivezic Ž 2015 ApJ 812 18

Vogel H C 1890 Astronomische Nachrichten 123 289

Wilson R E amp Devinney E J 1971 ApJ 166 605

Wilson R E 2012 AJ 144 73

Wyithe J S B amp Wilson R E 2001 ApJ 559 260

31

Wyrzykowski L Udalski A Kubiak M et al 2004 AcA 54 1

Xiang M S Liu X W Yuan H B et al 2015 MNRAS 448

822

Xiang M-S Liu X-W Yuan H-B et al 2017 MNRAS 467

1890

Yang Y-G Qian S-B Zhu L-Y et al 2005 PASJ 57 983

Zhao G Zhao Y-H Chu Y-Q Jing Y-P amp Deng L-C 2012

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 723

Zhang X B Luo Y P Wang K amp Luo C Q 2015 AJ 150 37

Zhang B Liu C Li C-Q et al 2019 arXiv e-prints

arXiv191013154

Zhu L Y Qian S B Soonthornthum B et al 2014 AJ 147 42

This figure ORCIDiD_icon128x128png is available in png format from

httparxivorgps200604430v1

23

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB49 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1420

1430

1440

Mag

LPSEB50 Period 051 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1620

1640

1660

1680

Mag

LPSEB51 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

40

60

80

100

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

1620

1640

Mag

LPSEB52 Period 026 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1410

1415

1420

1425

1430

1435

Mag

LPSEB53 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB54 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus20

minus10

0

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

24 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1640

1660

1680

1700

Mag

LPSEB55 Period 030 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB56 Period 029 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus20

0

20

40

60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB57 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

001

002

003

004

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB58 Period 028 Type EC

0 5 10000

002

minus200

minus150

minus100

minus50

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1340

1360

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB59 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB60 Period 037 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

25

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08phase

1600

1620

1640

1660

Mag

LPSEB61 Period 045 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus120

minus100

minus80

minus60

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

Mag

LPSEB62 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB63 Period 027 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1520

1530

1540

Mag

LPSEB64 Period 036 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus30

minus20

minus10

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB65 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus10

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB66 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

minus240

minus235

minus230

minus225

minus220

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

26 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1530

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB67 Period 026 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1630

1640

1650

1660

1670

1680

Mag

LPSEB68 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB69 Period 072 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

50

60

70

80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1600

1605

1610

1615

Mag

LPSEB70 Period 048 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1590

1600

1610

1620

1630

Mag

LPSEB71 Period 048 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus150

minus140

minus130

minus120

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

1520

Mag

LPSEB72 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

27

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB73 Period 064 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

70

80

90

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB74 Period 043 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

0

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1410

1420

1430

Mag

LPSEB75 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus120

minus110

minus100

minus90

minus80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB76 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB77 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB78 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus20

minus10

0

10

20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

28 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB79 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

60

70

80

90

100

110

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1300

1320

1340

Mag

LPSEB80 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

10

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB81 Period 078 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB82 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

50

60

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1650

1660

1670

1680

1690

Mag

LPSEB83 Period 033 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1430

1440

1450

1460

1470

Mag

LPSEB84 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

29

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB85 Period 061 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1570

1580

1590

1600

Mag

LPSEB86 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB87 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus108

minus106

minus104

minus102

minus100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

Mag

LPSEB88 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

30 Yang et al

REFERENCES

Abt H A amp Levy S G 1975 BAAS 7 268

Abt H A amp Willmarth D 2006 ApJS 162 207

Andersen J 1991 AampA Rv 3 91

Alcock C Allsman R A Alves D et al 1997 ApJ 486 697

Ashcraft T A Hynes R I amp Robinson E L 2012 MNRAS

424 620

Baade W 1946 PASP 58 249

Bonanos A Z Stanek K Z Kudritzki R P et al 2006 ApJ

652 313

Casares J Negueruela I Riboacute M et al 2014 Nature 505 378

Chabrier G Gallardo J amp Baraffe I 2007 AampA 472 L17

Campbell W W amp Curtis H D 1905 Lick Observatory Bulletin

3 136

Claret A Ballet J Goldwurm A et al 1993 Advances in Space

Research 13 735

Cui X-Q Zhao Y-H Chu Y-Q et al 2012 Research in

Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 1197

Daniel R R Joseph G Lavakare P J amp Sunderrajan R 1967

Nature 213 21

Deng L-C Newberg H J Liu C et al 2012 Research in

Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 735

Duquennoy A amp Mayor M 1991 AampA 248 485

Ferwerda J G 1943 BAN 9 337

Fu J N Khokhuntod P Rodriacuteguez E et al 2008 AJ 135 1958

Gao S Liu C Zhang X et al 2014 ApJL 788 L37

Gao Q Xin Y Liu J-F Zhang X-B amp Gao S 2016 ApJS

224 37

Guinan E F Fitzpatrick E L DeWarf L E et al 1998 ApJL

509 L21

Guinan E F amp Engle S G 2006 ApampSS 304 5

Grison P Beaulieu J-P Pritchard J D et al 1995 AampAS 109

447

Herschel W 1802 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal

Society of London Series I 92 477

Hurley J R Tout C A amp Pols O R 2002 MNRAS 329 897

Ivezic Ž Smith J A Miknaitis G et al 2007 AJ 134 973

Jiang D Han Z Ge H Yang L amp Li L 2012 MNRAS 421

2769

Jackson B K Lewis N K Barnes J W et al 2012 ApJ 751

112

Kallrath J amp Milone E F 2009 Eclipsing Binary Stars

Modeling and Analysis Astronomy and Astrophysics Library

ISBN 978-1-4419-0698-4 Springer-Verlag New York

Kao W Kaplan D L Prince T A et al 2016 MNRAS 461

2747

Law N M Kulkarni S R Dekany R G et al 2009 PASP 121

1395

Liu J-F Bregman J N Bai Y Justham S amp Crowther P

2013 Nature 503 500

Liu J-F Bai Y Wang S et al 2015 Nature 528 108

Lomb N R 1976 ApampSS 39 447

Matijevic G Zwitter T Bienaymeacute O et al 2011 AJ 141 200

Matijevic G Zwitter T Munari U et al 2010 AJ 140 184

Mazeh T amp Faigler S 2010 AampA 521 L59

Milone E F Leahy D A amp Hobill D W 2008 Astrophysics

and Space Science Library

Matijevic G Prša A Orosz J A et al 2012 AJ 143 123

Otero S A Wils P amp Dubovsky P A 2004 Information

Bulletin on Variable Stars 5570 1

Paczynski B amp Sasselov D 1997 Variables Stars and the

Astrophysical Returns of the Microlensing Surveys 309

Pourbaix D Tokovinin A A Batten A H et al 2004 AampA

424 727

Prša A amp Zwitter T 2005 ApJ 628 426

Prša A Batalha N Slawson R W et al 2011 AJ 141 83

Prša A Conroy K E Horvat M et al 2016 ApJS 227 29

Paczynski B amp Pojmanski G 2000 Bulletin of the American

Astronomical Society 32 1001

Paczynski B Szczygieł D M Pilecki B et al 2006 MNRAS

368 1311

Qian S 2003 MNRAS 342 1260

Raghavan D McAlister H A Henry T J et al 2010 ApJS

190 1

Rau A Kulkarni S R Law N M et al 2009 PASP 121 1334

Remillard R A amp McClintock J E 2006 ARAampA 44 49

Ren J J Rebassa-Mansergas A Luo A L et al 2014 AampA

570 A107

Rucinski S M 1992 AJ 103 960

Rucinski S M 1993 PASP 105 1433

Rucinski S M 1997 AJ 113 407

Samusrsquo N N Kazarovets E V Durlevich O V et al 2017

Astronomy Reports 61 80

Slawson R W Prša A Welsh W F et al 2011 AJ 142 160

Soszynski I Stepien K Pilecki B et al 2015 AcA 65 39

Soszynski I Pawlak M Pietrukowicz P et al 2016 AcA 66

405

Stepien K 2006 AcA 56 347

Swope H H amp Shapley H 1938 Harvard College Observatory

Bulletin 909 14

Torres G amp Ribas I 2002 ApJ 567 1140

Udalski A Soszynski Szymanski M et al 1998 AcA 48 563

VanderPlas J Connolly A J Ivezic Z et al 2012 Proceedings

of Conference on Intelligent Data Understanding (CIDU 47

VanderPlas J T amp Ivezic Ž 2015 ApJ 812 18

Vogel H C 1890 Astronomische Nachrichten 123 289

Wilson R E amp Devinney E J 1971 ApJ 166 605

Wilson R E 2012 AJ 144 73

Wyithe J S B amp Wilson R E 2001 ApJ 559 260

31

Wyrzykowski L Udalski A Kubiak M et al 2004 AcA 54 1

Xiang M S Liu X W Yuan H B et al 2015 MNRAS 448

822

Xiang M-S Liu X-W Yuan H-B et al 2017 MNRAS 467

1890

Yang Y-G Qian S-B Zhu L-Y et al 2005 PASJ 57 983

Zhao G Zhao Y-H Chu Y-Q Jing Y-P amp Deng L-C 2012

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 723

Zhang X B Luo Y P Wang K amp Luo C Q 2015 AJ 150 37

Zhang B Liu C Li C-Q et al 2019 arXiv e-prints

arXiv191013154

Zhu L Y Qian S B Soonthornthum B et al 2014 AJ 147 42

This figure ORCIDiD_icon128x128png is available in png format from

httparxivorgps200604430v1

24 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1640

1660

1680

1700

Mag

LPSEB55 Period 030 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB56 Period 029 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

minus20

0

20

40

60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

Mag

LPSEB57 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

001

002

003

004

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB58 Period 028 Type EC

0 5 10000

002

minus200

minus150

minus100

minus50

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1340

1360

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB59 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

Mag

LPSEB60 Period 037 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

25

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08phase

1600

1620

1640

1660

Mag

LPSEB61 Period 045 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus120

minus100

minus80

minus60

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

Mag

LPSEB62 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB63 Period 027 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1520

1530

1540

Mag

LPSEB64 Period 036 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus30

minus20

minus10

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB65 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus10

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB66 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

minus240

minus235

minus230

minus225

minus220

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

26 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1530

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB67 Period 026 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1630

1640

1650

1660

1670

1680

Mag

LPSEB68 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB69 Period 072 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

50

60

70

80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1600

1605

1610

1615

Mag

LPSEB70 Period 048 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1590

1600

1610

1620

1630

Mag

LPSEB71 Period 048 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus150

minus140

minus130

minus120

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

1520

Mag

LPSEB72 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

27

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB73 Period 064 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

70

80

90

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB74 Period 043 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

0

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1410

1420

1430

Mag

LPSEB75 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus120

minus110

minus100

minus90

minus80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB76 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB77 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB78 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus20

minus10

0

10

20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

28 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB79 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

60

70

80

90

100

110

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1300

1320

1340

Mag

LPSEB80 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

10

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB81 Period 078 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB82 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

50

60

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1650

1660

1670

1680

1690

Mag

LPSEB83 Period 033 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1430

1440

1450

1460

1470

Mag

LPSEB84 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

29

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB85 Period 061 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1570

1580

1590

1600

Mag

LPSEB86 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB87 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus108

minus106

minus104

minus102

minus100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

Mag

LPSEB88 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

30 Yang et al

REFERENCES

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Abt H A amp Willmarth D 2006 ApJS 162 207

Andersen J 1991 AampA Rv 3 91

Alcock C Allsman R A Alves D et al 1997 ApJ 486 697

Ashcraft T A Hynes R I amp Robinson E L 2012 MNRAS

424 620

Baade W 1946 PASP 58 249

Bonanos A Z Stanek K Z Kudritzki R P et al 2006 ApJ

652 313

Casares J Negueruela I Riboacute M et al 2014 Nature 505 378

Chabrier G Gallardo J amp Baraffe I 2007 AampA 472 L17

Campbell W W amp Curtis H D 1905 Lick Observatory Bulletin

3 136

Claret A Ballet J Goldwurm A et al 1993 Advances in Space

Research 13 735

Cui X-Q Zhao Y-H Chu Y-Q et al 2012 Research in

Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 1197

Daniel R R Joseph G Lavakare P J amp Sunderrajan R 1967

Nature 213 21

Deng L-C Newberg H J Liu C et al 2012 Research in

Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 735

Duquennoy A amp Mayor M 1991 AampA 248 485

Ferwerda J G 1943 BAN 9 337

Fu J N Khokhuntod P Rodriacuteguez E et al 2008 AJ 135 1958

Gao S Liu C Zhang X et al 2014 ApJL 788 L37

Gao Q Xin Y Liu J-F Zhang X-B amp Gao S 2016 ApJS

224 37

Guinan E F Fitzpatrick E L DeWarf L E et al 1998 ApJL

509 L21

Guinan E F amp Engle S G 2006 ApampSS 304 5

Grison P Beaulieu J-P Pritchard J D et al 1995 AampAS 109

447

Herschel W 1802 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal

Society of London Series I 92 477

Hurley J R Tout C A amp Pols O R 2002 MNRAS 329 897

Ivezic Ž Smith J A Miknaitis G et al 2007 AJ 134 973

Jiang D Han Z Ge H Yang L amp Li L 2012 MNRAS 421

2769

Jackson B K Lewis N K Barnes J W et al 2012 ApJ 751

112

Kallrath J amp Milone E F 2009 Eclipsing Binary Stars

Modeling and Analysis Astronomy and Astrophysics Library

ISBN 978-1-4419-0698-4 Springer-Verlag New York

Kao W Kaplan D L Prince T A et al 2016 MNRAS 461

2747

Law N M Kulkarni S R Dekany R G et al 2009 PASP 121

1395

Liu J-F Bregman J N Bai Y Justham S amp Crowther P

2013 Nature 503 500

Liu J-F Bai Y Wang S et al 2015 Nature 528 108

Lomb N R 1976 ApampSS 39 447

Matijevic G Zwitter T Bienaymeacute O et al 2011 AJ 141 200

Matijevic G Zwitter T Munari U et al 2010 AJ 140 184

Mazeh T amp Faigler S 2010 AampA 521 L59

Milone E F Leahy D A amp Hobill D W 2008 Astrophysics

and Space Science Library

Matijevic G Prša A Orosz J A et al 2012 AJ 143 123

Otero S A Wils P amp Dubovsky P A 2004 Information

Bulletin on Variable Stars 5570 1

Paczynski B amp Sasselov D 1997 Variables Stars and the

Astrophysical Returns of the Microlensing Surveys 309

Pourbaix D Tokovinin A A Batten A H et al 2004 AampA

424 727

Prša A amp Zwitter T 2005 ApJ 628 426

Prša A Batalha N Slawson R W et al 2011 AJ 141 83

Prša A Conroy K E Horvat M et al 2016 ApJS 227 29

Paczynski B amp Pojmanski G 2000 Bulletin of the American

Astronomical Society 32 1001

Paczynski B Szczygieł D M Pilecki B et al 2006 MNRAS

368 1311

Qian S 2003 MNRAS 342 1260

Raghavan D McAlister H A Henry T J et al 2010 ApJS

190 1

Rau A Kulkarni S R Law N M et al 2009 PASP 121 1334

Remillard R A amp McClintock J E 2006 ARAampA 44 49

Ren J J Rebassa-Mansergas A Luo A L et al 2014 AampA

570 A107

Rucinski S M 1992 AJ 103 960

Rucinski S M 1993 PASP 105 1433

Rucinski S M 1997 AJ 113 407

Samusrsquo N N Kazarovets E V Durlevich O V et al 2017

Astronomy Reports 61 80

Slawson R W Prša A Welsh W F et al 2011 AJ 142 160

Soszynski I Stepien K Pilecki B et al 2015 AcA 65 39

Soszynski I Pawlak M Pietrukowicz P et al 2016 AcA 66

405

Stepien K 2006 AcA 56 347

Swope H H amp Shapley H 1938 Harvard College Observatory

Bulletin 909 14

Torres G amp Ribas I 2002 ApJ 567 1140

Udalski A Soszynski Szymanski M et al 1998 AcA 48 563

VanderPlas J Connolly A J Ivezic Z et al 2012 Proceedings

of Conference on Intelligent Data Understanding (CIDU 47

VanderPlas J T amp Ivezic Ž 2015 ApJ 812 18

Vogel H C 1890 Astronomische Nachrichten 123 289

Wilson R E amp Devinney E J 1971 ApJ 166 605

Wilson R E 2012 AJ 144 73

Wyithe J S B amp Wilson R E 2001 ApJ 559 260

31

Wyrzykowski L Udalski A Kubiak M et al 2004 AcA 54 1

Xiang M S Liu X W Yuan H B et al 2015 MNRAS 448

822

Xiang M-S Liu X-W Yuan H-B et al 2017 MNRAS 467

1890

Yang Y-G Qian S-B Zhu L-Y et al 2005 PASJ 57 983

Zhao G Zhao Y-H Chu Y-Q Jing Y-P amp Deng L-C 2012

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 723

Zhang X B Luo Y P Wang K amp Luo C Q 2015 AJ 150 37

Zhang B Liu C Li C-Q et al 2019 arXiv e-prints

arXiv191013154

Zhu L Y Qian S B Soonthornthum B et al 2014 AJ 147 42

This figure ORCIDiD_icon128x128png is available in png format from

httparxivorgps200604430v1

25

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

025

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08phase

1600

1620

1640

1660

Mag

LPSEB61 Period 045 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus120

minus100

minus80

minus60

minus40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1440

1460

1480

Mag

LPSEB62 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB63 Period 027 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

20

30

40

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1510

1520

1530

1540

Mag

LPSEB64 Period 036 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus30

minus20

minus10

0

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB65 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus10

0

10

20

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

002

004

006

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB66 Period 031 Type EC

0 5 10000

005

minus240

minus235

minus230

minus225

minus220

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

26 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1530

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB67 Period 026 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1630

1640

1650

1660

1670

1680

Mag

LPSEB68 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB69 Period 072 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

50

60

70

80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1600

1605

1610

1615

Mag

LPSEB70 Period 048 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1590

1600

1610

1620

1630

Mag

LPSEB71 Period 048 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus150

minus140

minus130

minus120

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

1520

Mag

LPSEB72 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

27

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB73 Period 064 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

70

80

90

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB74 Period 043 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

0

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1410

1420

1430

Mag

LPSEB75 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus120

minus110

minus100

minus90

minus80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB76 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB77 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB78 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus20

minus10

0

10

20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

28 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB79 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

60

70

80

90

100

110

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1300

1320

1340

Mag

LPSEB80 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

10

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB81 Period 078 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB82 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

50

60

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1650

1660

1670

1680

1690

Mag

LPSEB83 Period 033 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1430

1440

1450

1460

1470

Mag

LPSEB84 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

29

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB85 Period 061 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1570

1580

1590

1600

Mag

LPSEB86 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB87 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus108

minus106

minus104

minus102

minus100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

Mag

LPSEB88 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

30 Yang et al

REFERENCES

Abt H A amp Levy S G 1975 BAAS 7 268

Abt H A amp Willmarth D 2006 ApJS 162 207

Andersen J 1991 AampA Rv 3 91

Alcock C Allsman R A Alves D et al 1997 ApJ 486 697

Ashcraft T A Hynes R I amp Robinson E L 2012 MNRAS

424 620

Baade W 1946 PASP 58 249

Bonanos A Z Stanek K Z Kudritzki R P et al 2006 ApJ

652 313

Casares J Negueruela I Riboacute M et al 2014 Nature 505 378

Chabrier G Gallardo J amp Baraffe I 2007 AampA 472 L17

Campbell W W amp Curtis H D 1905 Lick Observatory Bulletin

3 136

Claret A Ballet J Goldwurm A et al 1993 Advances in Space

Research 13 735

Cui X-Q Zhao Y-H Chu Y-Q et al 2012 Research in

Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 1197

Daniel R R Joseph G Lavakare P J amp Sunderrajan R 1967

Nature 213 21

Deng L-C Newberg H J Liu C et al 2012 Research in

Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 735

Duquennoy A amp Mayor M 1991 AampA 248 485

Ferwerda J G 1943 BAN 9 337

Fu J N Khokhuntod P Rodriacuteguez E et al 2008 AJ 135 1958

Gao S Liu C Zhang X et al 2014 ApJL 788 L37

Gao Q Xin Y Liu J-F Zhang X-B amp Gao S 2016 ApJS

224 37

Guinan E F Fitzpatrick E L DeWarf L E et al 1998 ApJL

509 L21

Guinan E F amp Engle S G 2006 ApampSS 304 5

Grison P Beaulieu J-P Pritchard J D et al 1995 AampAS 109

447

Herschel W 1802 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal

Society of London Series I 92 477

Hurley J R Tout C A amp Pols O R 2002 MNRAS 329 897

Ivezic Ž Smith J A Miknaitis G et al 2007 AJ 134 973

Jiang D Han Z Ge H Yang L amp Li L 2012 MNRAS 421

2769

Jackson B K Lewis N K Barnes J W et al 2012 ApJ 751

112

Kallrath J amp Milone E F 2009 Eclipsing Binary Stars

Modeling and Analysis Astronomy and Astrophysics Library

ISBN 978-1-4419-0698-4 Springer-Verlag New York

Kao W Kaplan D L Prince T A et al 2016 MNRAS 461

2747

Law N M Kulkarni S R Dekany R G et al 2009 PASP 121

1395

Liu J-F Bregman J N Bai Y Justham S amp Crowther P

2013 Nature 503 500

Liu J-F Bai Y Wang S et al 2015 Nature 528 108

Lomb N R 1976 ApampSS 39 447

Matijevic G Zwitter T Bienaymeacute O et al 2011 AJ 141 200

Matijevic G Zwitter T Munari U et al 2010 AJ 140 184

Mazeh T amp Faigler S 2010 AampA 521 L59

Milone E F Leahy D A amp Hobill D W 2008 Astrophysics

and Space Science Library

Matijevic G Prša A Orosz J A et al 2012 AJ 143 123

Otero S A Wils P amp Dubovsky P A 2004 Information

Bulletin on Variable Stars 5570 1

Paczynski B amp Sasselov D 1997 Variables Stars and the

Astrophysical Returns of the Microlensing Surveys 309

Pourbaix D Tokovinin A A Batten A H et al 2004 AampA

424 727

Prša A amp Zwitter T 2005 ApJ 628 426

Prša A Batalha N Slawson R W et al 2011 AJ 141 83

Prša A Conroy K E Horvat M et al 2016 ApJS 227 29

Paczynski B amp Pojmanski G 2000 Bulletin of the American

Astronomical Society 32 1001

Paczynski B Szczygieł D M Pilecki B et al 2006 MNRAS

368 1311

Qian S 2003 MNRAS 342 1260

Raghavan D McAlister H A Henry T J et al 2010 ApJS

190 1

Rau A Kulkarni S R Law N M et al 2009 PASP 121 1334

Remillard R A amp McClintock J E 2006 ARAampA 44 49

Ren J J Rebassa-Mansergas A Luo A L et al 2014 AampA

570 A107

Rucinski S M 1992 AJ 103 960

Rucinski S M 1993 PASP 105 1433

Rucinski S M 1997 AJ 113 407

Samusrsquo N N Kazarovets E V Durlevich O V et al 2017

Astronomy Reports 61 80

Slawson R W Prša A Welsh W F et al 2011 AJ 142 160

Soszynski I Stepien K Pilecki B et al 2015 AcA 65 39

Soszynski I Pawlak M Pietrukowicz P et al 2016 AcA 66

405

Stepien K 2006 AcA 56 347

Swope H H amp Shapley H 1938 Harvard College Observatory

Bulletin 909 14

Torres G amp Ribas I 2002 ApJ 567 1140

Udalski A Soszynski Szymanski M et al 1998 AcA 48 563

VanderPlas J Connolly A J Ivezic Z et al 2012 Proceedings

of Conference on Intelligent Data Understanding (CIDU 47

VanderPlas J T amp Ivezic Ž 2015 ApJ 812 18

Vogel H C 1890 Astronomische Nachrichten 123 289

Wilson R E amp Devinney E J 1971 ApJ 166 605

Wilson R E 2012 AJ 144 73

Wyithe J S B amp Wilson R E 2001 ApJ 559 260

31

Wyrzykowski L Udalski A Kubiak M et al 2004 AcA 54 1

Xiang M S Liu X W Yuan H B et al 2015 MNRAS 448

822

Xiang M-S Liu X-W Yuan H-B et al 2017 MNRAS 467

1890

Yang Y-G Qian S-B Zhu L-Y et al 2005 PASJ 57 983

Zhao G Zhao Y-H Chu Y-Q Jing Y-P amp Deng L-C 2012

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 723

Zhang X B Luo Y P Wang K amp Luo C Q 2015 AJ 150 37

Zhang B Liu C Li C-Q et al 2019 arXiv e-prints

arXiv191013154

Zhu L Y Qian S B Soonthornthum B et al 2014 AJ 147 42

This figure ORCIDiD_icon128x128png is available in png format from

httparxivorgps200604430v1

26 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1530

1540

1550

1560

1570

Mag

LPSEB67 Period 026 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1630

1640

1650

1660

1670

1680

Mag

LPSEB68 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

1500

Mag

LPSEB69 Period 072 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

50

60

70

80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1600

1605

1610

1615

Mag

LPSEB70 Period 048 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1590

1600

1610

1620

1630

Mag

LPSEB71 Period 048 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus150

minus140

minus130

minus120

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

015

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

1520

Mag

LPSEB72 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

27

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB73 Period 064 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

70

80

90

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB74 Period 043 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

0

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1410

1420

1430

Mag

LPSEB75 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus120

minus110

minus100

minus90

minus80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB76 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB77 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB78 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus20

minus10

0

10

20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

28 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB79 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

60

70

80

90

100

110

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1300

1320

1340

Mag

LPSEB80 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

10

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB81 Period 078 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB82 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

50

60

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1650

1660

1670

1680

1690

Mag

LPSEB83 Period 033 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1430

1440

1450

1460

1470

Mag

LPSEB84 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

29

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB85 Period 061 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1570

1580

1590

1600

Mag

LPSEB86 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB87 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus108

minus106

minus104

minus102

minus100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

Mag

LPSEB88 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

30 Yang et al

REFERENCES

Abt H A amp Levy S G 1975 BAAS 7 268

Abt H A amp Willmarth D 2006 ApJS 162 207

Andersen J 1991 AampA Rv 3 91

Alcock C Allsman R A Alves D et al 1997 ApJ 486 697

Ashcraft T A Hynes R I amp Robinson E L 2012 MNRAS

424 620

Baade W 1946 PASP 58 249

Bonanos A Z Stanek K Z Kudritzki R P et al 2006 ApJ

652 313

Casares J Negueruela I Riboacute M et al 2014 Nature 505 378

Chabrier G Gallardo J amp Baraffe I 2007 AampA 472 L17

Campbell W W amp Curtis H D 1905 Lick Observatory Bulletin

3 136

Claret A Ballet J Goldwurm A et al 1993 Advances in Space

Research 13 735

Cui X-Q Zhao Y-H Chu Y-Q et al 2012 Research in

Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 1197

Daniel R R Joseph G Lavakare P J amp Sunderrajan R 1967

Nature 213 21

Deng L-C Newberg H J Liu C et al 2012 Research in

Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 735

Duquennoy A amp Mayor M 1991 AampA 248 485

Ferwerda J G 1943 BAN 9 337

Fu J N Khokhuntod P Rodriacuteguez E et al 2008 AJ 135 1958

Gao S Liu C Zhang X et al 2014 ApJL 788 L37

Gao Q Xin Y Liu J-F Zhang X-B amp Gao S 2016 ApJS

224 37

Guinan E F Fitzpatrick E L DeWarf L E et al 1998 ApJL

509 L21

Guinan E F amp Engle S G 2006 ApampSS 304 5

Grison P Beaulieu J-P Pritchard J D et al 1995 AampAS 109

447

Herschel W 1802 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal

Society of London Series I 92 477

Hurley J R Tout C A amp Pols O R 2002 MNRAS 329 897

Ivezic Ž Smith J A Miknaitis G et al 2007 AJ 134 973

Jiang D Han Z Ge H Yang L amp Li L 2012 MNRAS 421

2769

Jackson B K Lewis N K Barnes J W et al 2012 ApJ 751

112

Kallrath J amp Milone E F 2009 Eclipsing Binary Stars

Modeling and Analysis Astronomy and Astrophysics Library

ISBN 978-1-4419-0698-4 Springer-Verlag New York

Kao W Kaplan D L Prince T A et al 2016 MNRAS 461

2747

Law N M Kulkarni S R Dekany R G et al 2009 PASP 121

1395

Liu J-F Bregman J N Bai Y Justham S amp Crowther P

2013 Nature 503 500

Liu J-F Bai Y Wang S et al 2015 Nature 528 108

Lomb N R 1976 ApampSS 39 447

Matijevic G Zwitter T Bienaymeacute O et al 2011 AJ 141 200

Matijevic G Zwitter T Munari U et al 2010 AJ 140 184

Mazeh T amp Faigler S 2010 AampA 521 L59

Milone E F Leahy D A amp Hobill D W 2008 Astrophysics

and Space Science Library

Matijevic G Prša A Orosz J A et al 2012 AJ 143 123

Otero S A Wils P amp Dubovsky P A 2004 Information

Bulletin on Variable Stars 5570 1

Paczynski B amp Sasselov D 1997 Variables Stars and the

Astrophysical Returns of the Microlensing Surveys 309

Pourbaix D Tokovinin A A Batten A H et al 2004 AampA

424 727

Prša A amp Zwitter T 2005 ApJ 628 426

Prša A Batalha N Slawson R W et al 2011 AJ 141 83

Prša A Conroy K E Horvat M et al 2016 ApJS 227 29

Paczynski B amp Pojmanski G 2000 Bulletin of the American

Astronomical Society 32 1001

Paczynski B Szczygieł D M Pilecki B et al 2006 MNRAS

368 1311

Qian S 2003 MNRAS 342 1260

Raghavan D McAlister H A Henry T J et al 2010 ApJS

190 1

Rau A Kulkarni S R Law N M et al 2009 PASP 121 1334

Remillard R A amp McClintock J E 2006 ARAampA 44 49

Ren J J Rebassa-Mansergas A Luo A L et al 2014 AampA

570 A107

Rucinski S M 1992 AJ 103 960

Rucinski S M 1993 PASP 105 1433

Rucinski S M 1997 AJ 113 407

Samusrsquo N N Kazarovets E V Durlevich O V et al 2017

Astronomy Reports 61 80

Slawson R W Prša A Welsh W F et al 2011 AJ 142 160

Soszynski I Stepien K Pilecki B et al 2015 AcA 65 39

Soszynski I Pawlak M Pietrukowicz P et al 2016 AcA 66

405

Stepien K 2006 AcA 56 347

Swope H H amp Shapley H 1938 Harvard College Observatory

Bulletin 909 14

Torres G amp Ribas I 2002 ApJ 567 1140

Udalski A Soszynski Szymanski M et al 1998 AcA 48 563

VanderPlas J Connolly A J Ivezic Z et al 2012 Proceedings

of Conference on Intelligent Data Understanding (CIDU 47

VanderPlas J T amp Ivezic Ž 2015 ApJ 812 18

Vogel H C 1890 Astronomische Nachrichten 123 289

Wilson R E amp Devinney E J 1971 ApJ 166 605

Wilson R E 2012 AJ 144 73

Wyithe J S B amp Wilson R E 2001 ApJ 559 260

31

Wyrzykowski L Udalski A Kubiak M et al 2004 AcA 54 1

Xiang M S Liu X W Yuan H B et al 2015 MNRAS 448

822

Xiang M-S Liu X-W Yuan H-B et al 2017 MNRAS 467

1890

Yang Y-G Qian S-B Zhu L-Y et al 2005 PASJ 57 983

Zhao G Zhao Y-H Chu Y-Q Jing Y-P amp Deng L-C 2012

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 723

Zhang X B Luo Y P Wang K amp Luo C Q 2015 AJ 150 37

Zhang B Liu C Li C-Q et al 2019 arXiv e-prints

arXiv191013154

Zhu L Y Qian S B Soonthornthum B et al 2014 AJ 147 42

This figure ORCIDiD_icon128x128png is available in png format from

httparxivorgps200604430v1

27

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

02 04 06 08 10phase

1380

1400

1420

Mag

LPSEB73 Period 064 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

70

80

90

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

003

005

008

010

013

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB74 Period 043 Type ESD

0 5 10000

010

0

20

40

60

80

100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1410

1420

1430

Mag

LPSEB75 Period 047 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus120

minus110

minus100

minus90

minus80

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1580

1600

Mag

LPSEB76 Period 038 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

0

10

20

30

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB77 Period 025 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

minus10

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

005

010

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1400

1420

1440

1460

Mag

LPSEB78 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

010

minus20

minus10

0

10

20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

28 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB79 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

60

70

80

90

100

110

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1300

1320

1340

Mag

LPSEB80 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

10

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB81 Period 078 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB82 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

50

60

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1650

1660

1670

1680

1690

Mag

LPSEB83 Period 033 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1430

1440

1450

1460

1470

Mag

LPSEB84 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

29

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB85 Period 061 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1570

1580

1590

1600

Mag

LPSEB86 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB87 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus108

minus106

minus104

minus102

minus100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

Mag

LPSEB88 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

30 Yang et al

REFERENCES

Abt H A amp Levy S G 1975 BAAS 7 268

Abt H A amp Willmarth D 2006 ApJS 162 207

Andersen J 1991 AampA Rv 3 91

Alcock C Allsman R A Alves D et al 1997 ApJ 486 697

Ashcraft T A Hynes R I amp Robinson E L 2012 MNRAS

424 620

Baade W 1946 PASP 58 249

Bonanos A Z Stanek K Z Kudritzki R P et al 2006 ApJ

652 313

Casares J Negueruela I Riboacute M et al 2014 Nature 505 378

Chabrier G Gallardo J amp Baraffe I 2007 AampA 472 L17

Campbell W W amp Curtis H D 1905 Lick Observatory Bulletin

3 136

Claret A Ballet J Goldwurm A et al 1993 Advances in Space

Research 13 735

Cui X-Q Zhao Y-H Chu Y-Q et al 2012 Research in

Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 1197

Daniel R R Joseph G Lavakare P J amp Sunderrajan R 1967

Nature 213 21

Deng L-C Newberg H J Liu C et al 2012 Research in

Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 735

Duquennoy A amp Mayor M 1991 AampA 248 485

Ferwerda J G 1943 BAN 9 337

Fu J N Khokhuntod P Rodriacuteguez E et al 2008 AJ 135 1958

Gao S Liu C Zhang X et al 2014 ApJL 788 L37

Gao Q Xin Y Liu J-F Zhang X-B amp Gao S 2016 ApJS

224 37

Guinan E F Fitzpatrick E L DeWarf L E et al 1998 ApJL

509 L21

Guinan E F amp Engle S G 2006 ApampSS 304 5

Grison P Beaulieu J-P Pritchard J D et al 1995 AampAS 109

447

Herschel W 1802 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal

Society of London Series I 92 477

Hurley J R Tout C A amp Pols O R 2002 MNRAS 329 897

Ivezic Ž Smith J A Miknaitis G et al 2007 AJ 134 973

Jiang D Han Z Ge H Yang L amp Li L 2012 MNRAS 421

2769

Jackson B K Lewis N K Barnes J W et al 2012 ApJ 751

112

Kallrath J amp Milone E F 2009 Eclipsing Binary Stars

Modeling and Analysis Astronomy and Astrophysics Library

ISBN 978-1-4419-0698-4 Springer-Verlag New York

Kao W Kaplan D L Prince T A et al 2016 MNRAS 461

2747

Law N M Kulkarni S R Dekany R G et al 2009 PASP 121

1395

Liu J-F Bregman J N Bai Y Justham S amp Crowther P

2013 Nature 503 500

Liu J-F Bai Y Wang S et al 2015 Nature 528 108

Lomb N R 1976 ApampSS 39 447

Matijevic G Zwitter T Bienaymeacute O et al 2011 AJ 141 200

Matijevic G Zwitter T Munari U et al 2010 AJ 140 184

Mazeh T amp Faigler S 2010 AampA 521 L59

Milone E F Leahy D A amp Hobill D W 2008 Astrophysics

and Space Science Library

Matijevic G Prša A Orosz J A et al 2012 AJ 143 123

Otero S A Wils P amp Dubovsky P A 2004 Information

Bulletin on Variable Stars 5570 1

Paczynski B amp Sasselov D 1997 Variables Stars and the

Astrophysical Returns of the Microlensing Surveys 309

Pourbaix D Tokovinin A A Batten A H et al 2004 AampA

424 727

Prša A amp Zwitter T 2005 ApJ 628 426

Prša A Batalha N Slawson R W et al 2011 AJ 141 83

Prša A Conroy K E Horvat M et al 2016 ApJS 227 29

Paczynski B amp Pojmanski G 2000 Bulletin of the American

Astronomical Society 32 1001

Paczynski B Szczygieł D M Pilecki B et al 2006 MNRAS

368 1311

Qian S 2003 MNRAS 342 1260

Raghavan D McAlister H A Henry T J et al 2010 ApJS

190 1

Rau A Kulkarni S R Law N M et al 2009 PASP 121 1334

Remillard R A amp McClintock J E 2006 ARAampA 44 49

Ren J J Rebassa-Mansergas A Luo A L et al 2014 AampA

570 A107

Rucinski S M 1992 AJ 103 960

Rucinski S M 1993 PASP 105 1433

Rucinski S M 1997 AJ 113 407

Samusrsquo N N Kazarovets E V Durlevich O V et al 2017

Astronomy Reports 61 80

Slawson R W Prša A Welsh W F et al 2011 AJ 142 160

Soszynski I Stepien K Pilecki B et al 2015 AcA 65 39

Soszynski I Pawlak M Pietrukowicz P et al 2016 AcA 66

405

Stepien K 2006 AcA 56 347

Swope H H amp Shapley H 1938 Harvard College Observatory

Bulletin 909 14

Torres G amp Ribas I 2002 ApJ 567 1140

Udalski A Soszynski Szymanski M et al 1998 AcA 48 563

VanderPlas J Connolly A J Ivezic Z et al 2012 Proceedings

of Conference on Intelligent Data Understanding (CIDU 47

VanderPlas J T amp Ivezic Ž 2015 ApJ 812 18

Vogel H C 1890 Astronomische Nachrichten 123 289

Wilson R E amp Devinney E J 1971 ApJ 166 605

Wilson R E 2012 AJ 144 73

Wyithe J S B amp Wilson R E 2001 ApJ 559 260

31

Wyrzykowski L Udalski A Kubiak M et al 2004 AcA 54 1

Xiang M S Liu X W Yuan H B et al 2015 MNRAS 448

822

Xiang M-S Liu X-W Yuan H-B et al 2017 MNRAS 467

1890

Yang Y-G Qian S-B Zhu L-Y et al 2005 PASJ 57 983

Zhao G Zhao Y-H Chu Y-Q Jing Y-P amp Deng L-C 2012

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 723

Zhang X B Luo Y P Wang K amp Luo C Q 2015 AJ 150 37

Zhang B Liu C Li C-Q et al 2019 arXiv e-prints

arXiv191013154

Zhu L Y Qian S B Soonthornthum B et al 2014 AJ 147 42

This figure ORCIDiD_icon128x128png is available in png format from

httparxivorgps200604430v1

28 Yang et al

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1500

1520

1540

Mag

LPSEB79 Period 042 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

60

70

80

90

100

110

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

050

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1300

1320

1340

Mag

LPSEB80 Period 041 Type ESD

0 5 10000

025

10

20

30

40

50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1370

1380

1390

1400

Mag

LPSEB81 Period 078 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

010

020

030

040

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1480

1490

1500

1510

Mag

LPSEB82 Period 031 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

50

60

70

80

90

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1650

1660

1670

1680

1690

Mag

LPSEB83 Period 033 Type EC

0 5 10000

020

minus90

minus80

minus70

minus60

minus50

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Scargle Power

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1420

1430

1440

1450

1460

1470

Mag

LPSEB84 Period 035 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

29

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB85 Period 061 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1570

1580

1590

1600

Mag

LPSEB86 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB87 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus108

minus106

minus104

minus102

minus100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

Mag

LPSEB88 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

30 Yang et al

REFERENCES

Abt H A amp Levy S G 1975 BAAS 7 268

Abt H A amp Willmarth D 2006 ApJS 162 207

Andersen J 1991 AampA Rv 3 91

Alcock C Allsman R A Alves D et al 1997 ApJ 486 697

Ashcraft T A Hynes R I amp Robinson E L 2012 MNRAS

424 620

Baade W 1946 PASP 58 249

Bonanos A Z Stanek K Z Kudritzki R P et al 2006 ApJ

652 313

Casares J Negueruela I Riboacute M et al 2014 Nature 505 378

Chabrier G Gallardo J amp Baraffe I 2007 AampA 472 L17

Campbell W W amp Curtis H D 1905 Lick Observatory Bulletin

3 136

Claret A Ballet J Goldwurm A et al 1993 Advances in Space

Research 13 735

Cui X-Q Zhao Y-H Chu Y-Q et al 2012 Research in

Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 1197

Daniel R R Joseph G Lavakare P J amp Sunderrajan R 1967

Nature 213 21

Deng L-C Newberg H J Liu C et al 2012 Research in

Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 735

Duquennoy A amp Mayor M 1991 AampA 248 485

Ferwerda J G 1943 BAN 9 337

Fu J N Khokhuntod P Rodriacuteguez E et al 2008 AJ 135 1958

Gao S Liu C Zhang X et al 2014 ApJL 788 L37

Gao Q Xin Y Liu J-F Zhang X-B amp Gao S 2016 ApJS

224 37

Guinan E F Fitzpatrick E L DeWarf L E et al 1998 ApJL

509 L21

Guinan E F amp Engle S G 2006 ApampSS 304 5

Grison P Beaulieu J-P Pritchard J D et al 1995 AampAS 109

447

Herschel W 1802 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal

Society of London Series I 92 477

Hurley J R Tout C A amp Pols O R 2002 MNRAS 329 897

Ivezic Ž Smith J A Miknaitis G et al 2007 AJ 134 973

Jiang D Han Z Ge H Yang L amp Li L 2012 MNRAS 421

2769

Jackson B K Lewis N K Barnes J W et al 2012 ApJ 751

112

Kallrath J amp Milone E F 2009 Eclipsing Binary Stars

Modeling and Analysis Astronomy and Astrophysics Library

ISBN 978-1-4419-0698-4 Springer-Verlag New York

Kao W Kaplan D L Prince T A et al 2016 MNRAS 461

2747

Law N M Kulkarni S R Dekany R G et al 2009 PASP 121

1395

Liu J-F Bregman J N Bai Y Justham S amp Crowther P

2013 Nature 503 500

Liu J-F Bai Y Wang S et al 2015 Nature 528 108

Lomb N R 1976 ApampSS 39 447

Matijevic G Zwitter T Bienaymeacute O et al 2011 AJ 141 200

Matijevic G Zwitter T Munari U et al 2010 AJ 140 184

Mazeh T amp Faigler S 2010 AampA 521 L59

Milone E F Leahy D A amp Hobill D W 2008 Astrophysics

and Space Science Library

Matijevic G Prša A Orosz J A et al 2012 AJ 143 123

Otero S A Wils P amp Dubovsky P A 2004 Information

Bulletin on Variable Stars 5570 1

Paczynski B amp Sasselov D 1997 Variables Stars and the

Astrophysical Returns of the Microlensing Surveys 309

Pourbaix D Tokovinin A A Batten A H et al 2004 AampA

424 727

Prša A amp Zwitter T 2005 ApJ 628 426

Prša A Batalha N Slawson R W et al 2011 AJ 141 83

Prša A Conroy K E Horvat M et al 2016 ApJS 227 29

Paczynski B amp Pojmanski G 2000 Bulletin of the American

Astronomical Society 32 1001

Paczynski B Szczygieł D M Pilecki B et al 2006 MNRAS

368 1311

Qian S 2003 MNRAS 342 1260

Raghavan D McAlister H A Henry T J et al 2010 ApJS

190 1

Rau A Kulkarni S R Law N M et al 2009 PASP 121 1334

Remillard R A amp McClintock J E 2006 ARAampA 44 49

Ren J J Rebassa-Mansergas A Luo A L et al 2014 AampA

570 A107

Rucinski S M 1992 AJ 103 960

Rucinski S M 1993 PASP 105 1433

Rucinski S M 1997 AJ 113 407

Samusrsquo N N Kazarovets E V Durlevich O V et al 2017

Astronomy Reports 61 80

Slawson R W Prša A Welsh W F et al 2011 AJ 142 160

Soszynski I Stepien K Pilecki B et al 2015 AcA 65 39

Soszynski I Pawlak M Pietrukowicz P et al 2016 AcA 66

405

Stepien K 2006 AcA 56 347

Swope H H amp Shapley H 1938 Harvard College Observatory

Bulletin 909 14

Torres G amp Ribas I 2002 ApJ 567 1140

Udalski A Soszynski Szymanski M et al 1998 AcA 48 563

VanderPlas J Connolly A J Ivezic Z et al 2012 Proceedings

of Conference on Intelligent Data Understanding (CIDU 47

VanderPlas J T amp Ivezic Ž 2015 ApJ 812 18

Vogel H C 1890 Astronomische Nachrichten 123 289

Wilson R E amp Devinney E J 1971 ApJ 166 605

Wilson R E 2012 AJ 144 73

Wyithe J S B amp Wilson R E 2001 ApJ 559 260

31

Wyrzykowski L Udalski A Kubiak M et al 2004 AcA 54 1

Xiang M S Liu X W Yuan H B et al 2015 MNRAS 448

822

Xiang M-S Liu X-W Yuan H-B et al 2017 MNRAS 467

1890

Yang Y-G Qian S-B Zhu L-Y et al 2005 PASJ 57 983

Zhao G Zhao Y-H Chu Y-Q Jing Y-P amp Deng L-C 2012

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 723

Zhang X B Luo Y P Wang K amp Luo C Q 2015 AJ 150 37

Zhang B Liu C Li C-Q et al 2019 arXiv e-prints

arXiv191013154

Zhu L Y Qian S B Soonthornthum B et al 2014 AJ 147 42

This figure ORCIDiD_icon128x128png is available in png format from

httparxivorgps200604430v1

29

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lomb-Sc

argle Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1460

1480

1500

Mag

LPSEB85 Period 061 Type ESD

0 5 10000

050

minus10

0

10

20

30

40

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

030

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1560

1570

1580

1590

1600

Mag

LPSEB86 Period 025 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

rv00 05 10 15 20

period (days)

000

020

040

060

080

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1470

1480

1490

Mag

LPSEB87 Period 034 Type EC

0 5 10000

050

minus108

minus106

minus104

minus102

minus100

rv

00 05 10 15 20period (days)

000

010

020

Lom

b-Sc

argl

e Po

wer

00 02 04 06 08 10phase

1490

1500

1510

1520

Mag

LPSEB88 Period 032 Type ESD

0 5 10000

020

minus70

minus60

minus50

minus40

minus30

minus20

rv

Figure 10 (Continued)

30 Yang et al

REFERENCES

Abt H A amp Levy S G 1975 BAAS 7 268

Abt H A amp Willmarth D 2006 ApJS 162 207

Andersen J 1991 AampA Rv 3 91

Alcock C Allsman R A Alves D et al 1997 ApJ 486 697

Ashcraft T A Hynes R I amp Robinson E L 2012 MNRAS

424 620

Baade W 1946 PASP 58 249

Bonanos A Z Stanek K Z Kudritzki R P et al 2006 ApJ

652 313

Casares J Negueruela I Riboacute M et al 2014 Nature 505 378

Chabrier G Gallardo J amp Baraffe I 2007 AampA 472 L17

Campbell W W amp Curtis H D 1905 Lick Observatory Bulletin

3 136

Claret A Ballet J Goldwurm A et al 1993 Advances in Space

Research 13 735

Cui X-Q Zhao Y-H Chu Y-Q et al 2012 Research in

Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 1197

Daniel R R Joseph G Lavakare P J amp Sunderrajan R 1967

Nature 213 21

Deng L-C Newberg H J Liu C et al 2012 Research in

Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 735

Duquennoy A amp Mayor M 1991 AampA 248 485

Ferwerda J G 1943 BAN 9 337

Fu J N Khokhuntod P Rodriacuteguez E et al 2008 AJ 135 1958

Gao S Liu C Zhang X et al 2014 ApJL 788 L37

Gao Q Xin Y Liu J-F Zhang X-B amp Gao S 2016 ApJS

224 37

Guinan E F Fitzpatrick E L DeWarf L E et al 1998 ApJL

509 L21

Guinan E F amp Engle S G 2006 ApampSS 304 5

Grison P Beaulieu J-P Pritchard J D et al 1995 AampAS 109

447

Herschel W 1802 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal

Society of London Series I 92 477

Hurley J R Tout C A amp Pols O R 2002 MNRAS 329 897

Ivezic Ž Smith J A Miknaitis G et al 2007 AJ 134 973

Jiang D Han Z Ge H Yang L amp Li L 2012 MNRAS 421

2769

Jackson B K Lewis N K Barnes J W et al 2012 ApJ 751

112

Kallrath J amp Milone E F 2009 Eclipsing Binary Stars

Modeling and Analysis Astronomy and Astrophysics Library

ISBN 978-1-4419-0698-4 Springer-Verlag New York

Kao W Kaplan D L Prince T A et al 2016 MNRAS 461

2747

Law N M Kulkarni S R Dekany R G et al 2009 PASP 121

1395

Liu J-F Bregman J N Bai Y Justham S amp Crowther P

2013 Nature 503 500

Liu J-F Bai Y Wang S et al 2015 Nature 528 108

Lomb N R 1976 ApampSS 39 447

Matijevic G Zwitter T Bienaymeacute O et al 2011 AJ 141 200

Matijevic G Zwitter T Munari U et al 2010 AJ 140 184

Mazeh T amp Faigler S 2010 AampA 521 L59

Milone E F Leahy D A amp Hobill D W 2008 Astrophysics

and Space Science Library

Matijevic G Prša A Orosz J A et al 2012 AJ 143 123

Otero S A Wils P amp Dubovsky P A 2004 Information

Bulletin on Variable Stars 5570 1

Paczynski B amp Sasselov D 1997 Variables Stars and the

Astrophysical Returns of the Microlensing Surveys 309

Pourbaix D Tokovinin A A Batten A H et al 2004 AampA

424 727

Prša A amp Zwitter T 2005 ApJ 628 426

Prša A Batalha N Slawson R W et al 2011 AJ 141 83

Prša A Conroy K E Horvat M et al 2016 ApJS 227 29

Paczynski B amp Pojmanski G 2000 Bulletin of the American

Astronomical Society 32 1001

Paczynski B Szczygieł D M Pilecki B et al 2006 MNRAS

368 1311

Qian S 2003 MNRAS 342 1260

Raghavan D McAlister H A Henry T J et al 2010 ApJS

190 1

Rau A Kulkarni S R Law N M et al 2009 PASP 121 1334

Remillard R A amp McClintock J E 2006 ARAampA 44 49

Ren J J Rebassa-Mansergas A Luo A L et al 2014 AampA

570 A107

Rucinski S M 1992 AJ 103 960

Rucinski S M 1993 PASP 105 1433

Rucinski S M 1997 AJ 113 407

Samusrsquo N N Kazarovets E V Durlevich O V et al 2017

Astronomy Reports 61 80

Slawson R W Prša A Welsh W F et al 2011 AJ 142 160

Soszynski I Stepien K Pilecki B et al 2015 AcA 65 39

Soszynski I Pawlak M Pietrukowicz P et al 2016 AcA 66

405

Stepien K 2006 AcA 56 347

Swope H H amp Shapley H 1938 Harvard College Observatory

Bulletin 909 14

Torres G amp Ribas I 2002 ApJ 567 1140

Udalski A Soszynski Szymanski M et al 1998 AcA 48 563

VanderPlas J Connolly A J Ivezic Z et al 2012 Proceedings

of Conference on Intelligent Data Understanding (CIDU 47

VanderPlas J T amp Ivezic Ž 2015 ApJ 812 18

Vogel H C 1890 Astronomische Nachrichten 123 289

Wilson R E amp Devinney E J 1971 ApJ 166 605

Wilson R E 2012 AJ 144 73

Wyithe J S B amp Wilson R E 2001 ApJ 559 260

31

Wyrzykowski L Udalski A Kubiak M et al 2004 AcA 54 1

Xiang M S Liu X W Yuan H B et al 2015 MNRAS 448

822

Xiang M-S Liu X-W Yuan H-B et al 2017 MNRAS 467

1890

Yang Y-G Qian S-B Zhu L-Y et al 2005 PASJ 57 983

Zhao G Zhao Y-H Chu Y-Q Jing Y-P amp Deng L-C 2012

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 723

Zhang X B Luo Y P Wang K amp Luo C Q 2015 AJ 150 37

Zhang B Liu C Li C-Q et al 2019 arXiv e-prints

arXiv191013154

Zhu L Y Qian S B Soonthornthum B et al 2014 AJ 147 42

This figure ORCIDiD_icon128x128png is available in png format from

httparxivorgps200604430v1

30 Yang et al

REFERENCES

Abt H A amp Levy S G 1975 BAAS 7 268

Abt H A amp Willmarth D 2006 ApJS 162 207

Andersen J 1991 AampA Rv 3 91

Alcock C Allsman R A Alves D et al 1997 ApJ 486 697

Ashcraft T A Hynes R I amp Robinson E L 2012 MNRAS

424 620

Baade W 1946 PASP 58 249

Bonanos A Z Stanek K Z Kudritzki R P et al 2006 ApJ

652 313

Casares J Negueruela I Riboacute M et al 2014 Nature 505 378

Chabrier G Gallardo J amp Baraffe I 2007 AampA 472 L17

Campbell W W amp Curtis H D 1905 Lick Observatory Bulletin

3 136

Claret A Ballet J Goldwurm A et al 1993 Advances in Space

Research 13 735

Cui X-Q Zhao Y-H Chu Y-Q et al 2012 Research in

Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 1197

Daniel R R Joseph G Lavakare P J amp Sunderrajan R 1967

Nature 213 21

Deng L-C Newberg H J Liu C et al 2012 Research in

Astronomy and Astrophysics 12 735

Duquennoy A amp Mayor M 1991 AampA 248 485

Ferwerda J G 1943 BAN 9 337

Fu J N Khokhuntod P Rodriacuteguez E et al 2008 AJ 135 1958

Gao S Liu C Zhang X et al 2014 ApJL 788 L37

Gao Q Xin Y Liu J-F Zhang X-B amp Gao S 2016 ApJS

224 37

Guinan E F Fitzpatrick E L DeWarf L E et al 1998 ApJL

509 L21

Guinan E F amp Engle S G 2006 ApampSS 304 5

Grison P Beaulieu J-P Pritchard J D et al 1995 AampAS 109

447

Herschel W 1802 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal

Society of London Series I 92 477

Hurley J R Tout C A amp Pols O R 2002 MNRAS 329 897

Ivezic Ž Smith J A Miknaitis G et al 2007 AJ 134 973

Jiang D Han Z Ge H Yang L amp Li L 2012 MNRAS 421

2769

Jackson B K Lewis N K Barnes J W et al 2012 ApJ 751

112

Kallrath J amp Milone E F 2009 Eclipsing Binary Stars

Modeling and Analysis Astronomy and Astrophysics Library

ISBN 978-1-4419-0698-4 Springer-Verlag New York

Kao W Kaplan D L Prince T A et al 2016 MNRAS 461

2747

Law N M Kulkarni S R Dekany R G et al 2009 PASP 121

1395

Liu J-F Bregman J N Bai Y Justham S amp Crowther P

2013 Nature 503 500

Liu J-F Bai Y Wang S et al 2015 Nature 528 108

Lomb N R 1976 ApampSS 39 447

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